内容正文:
第04讲 形容词和副 词
目录
01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1
02 思维导图·网络构建 2
03 考点通关·靶向突破 3
★考点一 形容词的句法功能 3
★考点二 形容词的等级 8
★考点三 副词的句法功能 13
★考点四 副词的等级 18
★考点五 形容词、副词的转化 23
04 优题精选·练能提分 24
考点
课标要求
复习目标
形容词的句法功能
· 掌握形容词的句法功能
1.系统复习并掌握形容词和副词的基本知识,强化在复杂语境中形容词副词运用的能力;
2. 熟练形容词的句法功能,形容词比较级、最高级构成及用法,副词的句法功能,副词比较级、最高级构成及用法形容词、副词的转化。
形容词的等级
· 掌握形容词比较级、最高级构成及用法
副词的句法功能
· 掌握副词的句法功能
副词的等级
· 掌握副词比较级、最高级构成及用法
形容词、副词的转化
· 掌握形容词、副词的相互转化
命题预测
形容词、副词是中考的必考点之一。主要有以下命题角度:形容词的句法功能,形容词比较级、最高级构成及用法,副词的句法功能,副词比较级、最高级构成及用法,形容词、副词的转化。
主要在单项选择、完形填空、单词拼写和语法填空中考查。
解题锦囊
锦囊1:根据“标志词”判断形容词副词的原级
A.如果出现as.....as,表明是同级比较,要用形容词、副词的原级。
B.当句中出现than时,提示要用形容词、副词的比较级。
C.当句中出现of all, in the...等表示范围的词语并且表示“最....”的含义时要用形容词、副词的最高级。
锦囊2:根据“关键词”句法功能判断
A. 当句中出现修饰名词的用法时,需要用形容词。
B. 当句中出现修饰动词或形容词时要用副词。
考点一 形容词的句法功能
功能
说 明
例 句
定语
名词前或不定代词后作定语
①Mr Wang is a funny teacher.
王老师是一位有趣的老师。
②I have something important to say. 我有重要的事情要说。
表 语
系动词后作表语
It’s very cold today.
今天非常冷。
宾语补足语
keep, make, leave等动词的宾语后作宾语补足语
①Don’t keep the window open.
别让窗户开着。
②Alice often makes us happy.
艾丽斯经常让我们高兴。
【易错提醒】
1.fish表示鱼的种类时复数形式是fishes, 表示条数而不强调种类时, 单复数同形用fish。
There are many kinds of fishes in this river.
这条河中有很多不同种类的鱼。
I caught five fish today. 我今天捉了5条鱼。
2.有一些名词是成双、成对出现的, 这些名词常用pair来修饰。
a pair of glasses一副眼镜 a pair of trousers一条裤子
a pair of shoes一双鞋 a pair of gloves一副手套
a pair of pants一条裤子 a pair of shorts一条短裤
一、单项选择
1.(25-26八年级上·山东滨州·期中)Lucy is ________ than her sister. She has few friends.
A.outgoing B.more outgoing C.less outgoing D.the most outgoing
【答案】C
【解析】句意:露西比她的姐姐更不外向。她朋友很少。
考查形容词比较级。outgoing外向的,原级;more outgoing更外向的,比较级;less outgoing更不外向的,比较级;the most outgoing最外向的,最高级。根据“than her sister”可知,是两者之间的比较,因此用比较级;根据“She has few friends”可知,她朋友很少,因此性格应是更不外向的。故选C。
2.(25-26八年级上·山东滨州·期中)The ________ you study, the ________ mistakes you will make.
A.more carefully; fewer B.more careful; more C.less carefully; fewer D.Both A and B
【答案】A
【解析】句意:你学习越仔细,你犯的错误就越少。
考查形容词和副词比较级用法。more carefully更仔细地;fewer更少的;more careful更小心的;more更多的;less carefully不那么仔细地。根据“The…you study,the…mistakes you will make.”可知,第一空修饰动词“study”,第二空修饰名词“mistakes”;所以第一空填副词,排除选项B和D;根据学习逻辑,应是越仔细,错误就越少。故选A。
3.(24-25九年级上·山东东营·期中)________ our country gets, ________ the people will be, as is known to all.
A.The stronger, the happier B.The more strong, the happier
C.The stronger, the happy D.The strong, the happier
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我们的国家变得越强大,人们就会越幸福,这是众所周知的。
考查形容词比较级。“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,越……”。“strong”的比较级是“stronger”,“happy”的比较级是“happier”。故选A。
4.(25-26九年级上·山东青岛·阶段练习)It sounds ________ to use “Could you…” than “Can you…” in public.
A.polite B.politely C.more polite D.more politely
【答案】C
【解析】句意:在公共场合用“Could you…”比用“Can you…”听起来更有礼貌。
考查形容词比较级。sound是感官系动词,后接形容词作表语;根据语境以及句中的than可知,此处是在将“Could you…”和“Can you…”进行对比,表示“更有礼貌”,应该用形容词polite的比较级more polite。故选C。
5.(25-26九年级上·山东滨州·阶段练习)________ careful you are, ________ mistakes you will make in the exam.
A.The more; the less B.The more; the fewer
C.The less; the fewer D.The more; the more
【答案】B
【解析】句意:你越认真,在考试中犯的错误就越少。
考查比较级用法及可数名词的量词修饰。根据“careful you are, ... mistakes you will make in the exam”可知,此处表示“越认真,出的错越少”。第一空中careful为多音节形容词,其比较级需用more修饰,表示“越认真”;第二空中mistakes“错误”为可数名词复数,表示“更少的错误”需用fewer修饰。故选B。
6.(24-25八年级上·福建厦门·期中)—The Yangtze River is much ________ than the Yellow River.
—You’re right. It is ________ river in China.
A.longer; longer B.longest; longer C.longer; the longest
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——长江比黄河长得多。——你说得对。它是中国最长的河流。
考查形容词比较级和最高级。longer更长的,形容词比较级;longest最长的,形容词最高级。根据“than”可知,此处使用比较级longer,表示长江比黄河长;根据“in China”可知,此处使用最高级longest,表示在中国范围内长江是最长的,形容词最高级前要加定冠词the。故选C。
7.(25-26八年级上·江苏无锡·阶段练习)—What do you think of Jim’s schoolwork?
—His schoolwork is better than ________ in his class.
A.any classmate’s B.any other classmate’s C.the other classmates D.other classmates’
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——你觉得吉姆的功课怎么样?——他的功课比班上其他任何同学的都好。
考查比较级用法。当主语(Jim)与同类(his classmates)比较时,需用“any other+名词”排除自身,表示“其他任何一个”。故选B。
8.(25-26九年级上·山东枣庄·阶段练习)I think July is ________ month of the year in Beijing.
A.hot B.hotter C.the hottest D.hottest
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我认为七月是北京一年中最热的月份。
考查形容词最高级。hot热的;hotter更热的;the hottest最热的;hottest最热的。根据“of the year in Beijing”表示比较范围可知,此处含有最高级的含义,用最高级形式,形容词最高级前需要加定冠词the,C项正确。故选C。
二、单词拼写
1.(25-26八年级上·山东济南·期中)His English is bad, but my English is (bad).
【答案】worse
【解析】句意:他的英语不好,但我的英语更差。根据“His English is bad, but my English is…”及提示词可知,此处强调“我的英语”比“他的英语”更差,空处应用形容词的比较级,bad“坏的”,形容词,比较级为worse。故填worse。
2.(25-26九年级上·山东·月考)One of (move) pieces of music that I have ever heard is Liangzhu.
【答案】the most moving
【解析】句意:我听过的最感人的乐曲之一是《梁祝》。move“感动”,动词。此处是“one of the+形容词最高级 + 名词复数”结构,表示“最……之一”,空处应填move的形容词形式moving“感人的”,其最高级是the most moving。故填the most moving。
3.(25-26八年级上·山东济南·期中)She is one of the (hard-working) persons I know.
【答案】most hard-working
【解析】句意:她是我认识的最勤奋的人之一。one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数“最……之一”,hard-working“勤奋的”,是多音节形容词,其最高级为the most hard-working。故填most hard-working。
4.(25-26八年级上·山东济南·期中)It’s said bamboo is one of (useful) plants on earth.
【答案】the most useful
【解析】句意:据说竹子是地球上最有用的植物之一。分析句子结构可知,此处为固定句式“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”,表示“最……之一”,useful是多音节词,最高级为most useful,前面加the。故填the most useful。
5.(25-26八年级上·山东潍坊·阶段练习)Lu Xun is one of the most famous (write) in China.
【答案】writers
【解析】句意:鲁迅是中国最著名的作家之一。根据“Lu Xun is one of the most famous...in China.”以及所给单词可知,此处表示鲁迅是中国最著名的作家之一。writer“作家”,根据前面的“one of”可知,应用复数形式。故填writers。
6.(25-26八年级上·山东潍坊·阶段练习)In the story, the little girl was the (brave) one among them to fight the bad wolf.
【答案】bravest
【解析】句意:在这个故事里,这个小女孩是他们之中最勇敢的那个去和坏狼搏斗的人。根据“the...one among them”可知,此处要用形容词的最高级形式,brave的最高级是bravest,意为“最勇敢的”。故填bravest。
7.(25-26八年级上·山东潍坊·月考)Yesterday I heard the (late) news about my favourite hero Yao Ming.
【答案】latest
【解析】句意:昨天我听到了关于我最喜欢的英雄姚明的最新消息。根据“the”可知,此处用形容词最高级,late“迟的;晚的”,形容词,其最高级形式是latest,意为“最新的;最近的”。故填latest。
8.(25-26九年级上·山东·阶段练习)Wushu is one of the (early) sports in China.
【答案】earliest
【解析】句意:武术是中国最早的运动之一。根据“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构可知,此处应填early的最高级形式earliest。故填earliest。
9.(25-26九年级上·山东·开学考试)To be honest, it is one of the best (novel) that I have read.
【答案】novels
【解析】句意:老实说,这是我曾经读过的最好的小说之一。根据固定结构one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数可知,这里要填名词novel的复数novels。故填novels。
10.(24-25六年级下·山东滨州·期末)Betty is 15 years old, and she is the (old) girl in our class.
【答案】oldest
【解析】句意:贝蒂15岁了,她是我们班年龄最大的女孩。根据“the...girl in our class.”可知,此处是拿贝蒂的年龄与全班同学的年龄比较,应用最高级形式,故填oldest。
11.(24-25七年级下·山东潍坊·期末)Mount Qomolangma is the (high) of all mountains in the world.
【答案】highest
【解析】句意:珠穆朗玛峰是世界所有山中最高的。由“in the world”可知,这里用形容词的最高级,high的最高级为highest。故填highest。
12.(24-25七年级下·山东潍坊·期末)Xu Xiake was famous as the (great) traveler in Chinese history.
【答案】greatest
【解析】句意:徐霞客是中国历史上最伟大的旅行家。根据“the...in Chinese history”可知,此处使用形容词最高级,great的最高级是greatest。故填greatest。
考点二 形容词的等级
形容词有原级、比较级和最高级三个等级。
1. 原级用法句型。
句 型
例 句
(1)“as+形容词原级+as”, 在否定句中用“not so. . . as”结构
Lucy is not so tall as Lily.
露西不如莉莉高。
(2)倍数+as+形容词原级+as
Our school is three times as big as theirs.
我们的学校是他们的三倍大。
2. 比较级构成及用法。
比较等级的规则变化
情况
构成方式
例词
一般情况
加er
clever-cleverer
small-smaller
以e结尾的词
加r
nice-nicer
large-larger
以辅音字母+y结尾词
变y为i+er
easy-easier
happy-happier
重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母的词
双写最后一个辅音字母+er
fat-fatter
thin-thinner
多音节词和部分双音节词
在前面加more
beautiful-more beautiful
interesting-more interesting
不规则变化:
good/well —better
bad-worse
many, much — more
little—less
far — farther (距离远)
far — further (程度深)
old — elder (长幼)
old — older (年龄)
比较等级的用法
用 法
例 句
(1)双方比较, 表示一方超过另一方时, 用“比较级+than”结构
China is larger than Italy.
中国比意大利大。
(2)用于“less+原级+than” (注意此结构不用于单音节词)
The book is less interesting than that one.
这本书不如那本书有趣。
用 法
例 句
(3)倍数+比较级+than
The box is three times bigger than that one.
这个箱子是那个的三倍大。
(4)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”
Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.
我们的国家正变得越来越强大。
(5)“the+比较级……, the+比较级……”表示“越……, 就越……”
The more, the better.
多多益善。
(6)the+比较级+of the two+名词复数
The taller of the two boys is my brother. 两个男孩中, 较高的那一个是我的哥哥。
3. 最高级的构成及用法
情况
构成方式
例词
一般情况
加est
clever-cleverest
small-smaller
以e结尾的词
加st
nice-nicest
large-largest
以辅音字母+y结尾词
变y为i+est
easy-easiest
happy-happiest
重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母的词
双写最后一个辅音字母+est
fat-fattest
thin-thinnest
多音节词和部分双音节词
在前面加most
beautiful-most beautiful
interesting-most interesting
不规则变化:
good/well —best
bad-worst
many, much — most
little—least
far — farthest (距离远)
far — furthest (程度深)
old — eldest (长幼)
old — oldest (年龄)
最高级的用法
用 法
例 句
(1)the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句
Spring is the best season of the year.
春天是一年中最好的季节。
(2)“one of the+最高级+复数名词”表示“最……之一”
Kobe is one of the best basketball players in NBA. 科比是NBA最好的篮球运动员之一。
【易错提醒】
1.修饰比较级常用的词和短语主要有: much, even, any, yet, far, a lot, a little, a bit, twice, five times, many times等。例如:
Are you feeling any better today?
你今天感觉好些了吗?
He is ten years older than I.
他比我大十岁。
2.比较级要避免与自身进行比较, 若比较的对象属于同一范围要用“比较级+than any other+单数名词”或“比较级+than anyone/anybody/anything else”表示“比其他的任何……都……”。例如:
Lin Tao is taller than any other student in his class.
林涛比他班里的其他学生都高。
Jack studies harder than anyone else in his class.
杰克比班上其他的学生学习刻苦。
一、单词拼写
1.(25-26八年级上·山东济南·期中)I (fresh) finished my article. What do you think of it?
【答案】freshly
【解析】句意:我刚完成我的文章。你觉得它怎么样?空格“finished”是动词,需用副词修饰,freshly“刚刚;新近”符合。故填freshly。
2.(25-26七年级上·山东济南·期中)This story is (real) funny and I want to read it again.
【答案】really
【解析】句意:这个故事真的很有趣,我想再读一遍。real是形容词,意为“真实的”;此处需要副词修饰形容词 “funny”,real的副词形式是really,意为“真正地、非常”。故填really。
3.(25-26七年级上·山东济南·期中)She can play the piano really (good).
【答案】well
【解析】句意:她钢琴弹得非常好。good“好的”,是形容词,通常用于修饰名词;此处需要修饰动词play,修饰动词需用副词,good的副词形式是well。故填well。
4.(24-25七年级上·山东潍坊·期末) (sudden), it started to rain heavily.
【答案】Suddenly
【解析】句意:突然,开始下大雨了。结合题意和提示词可知,此处需要用副词修饰整个句子,sudden“突然的”,其副词形式是suddenly,意为“突然”,位于句首,首字母大写。故填Suddenly。
5.(25-26八年级上·山东东营·期中)It rained (heavy) last night, so the road was full of water.
【答案】heavily
【解析】句意:昨晚雨下得很大,所以路上到处都是水。根据“It rained...”以及所给单词可知,应填heavy的副词形式heavily“猛烈地”,作状语,修饰动词rained,表示雨下得很大。故填heavily。
6.(25-26七年级上·山东济南·期中)Linda sings very (good). She is in the school singing club.
【答案】well
【解析】句意:琳达唱歌唱得很好。她在学校唱歌俱乐部。根据“Linda sings very ...”可知,此处需要副词修饰动词sings,good的副词是well。故填well。
7.(25-26八年级上·山东菏泽·期中)It will (probable) rain. Let’s take an umbrella.
【答案】probably
【解析】句意:可能要下雨了。我们带把伞吧。根据“It will...(probable) rain.”可知,空处修饰动词rain,应使用副词形式probably“大概,可能”。故填probably。
8.(25-26八年级上·山东潍坊·阶段练习)The birds fly (happy) and sing with joy.
【答案】happily
【解析】句意:鸟儿开心地飞翔,欢快地歌唱。根据“The birds fly...and sing with joy.”可知,鸟儿开心地飞翔,happily“开心地”,副词修饰动词。故填happily。
9.(25-26八年级上·山东潍坊·阶段练习)We should think (wise) before making an important decision.
【答案】wisely
【解析】句意:在做出重要决定之前,我们应该明智地思考。“wise”是形容词,意为“明智的”,根据句子结构,此处需要一个副词来修饰动词“think”,表示思考的方式。“wise”的副词形式是“wisely”,意为“明智地”。故填wisely。
10.(25-26八年级上·山东潍坊·阶段练习)This story (true) shows the importance of helping each other.
【答案】truly
【解析】句意:这个故事真正地体现了互相帮助的重要性。分析句子结构可知,此处应用副词形式,修饰动词“shows”,truly“真正地”符合语境。故填truly。
11.(25-26七年级上·山东济宁·阶段练习)It’s sunny. The sun shines (bright).
【答案】brightly
【解析】句意:天气晴朗。太阳明亮地照耀着。“bright”是形容词,其副词形式“brightly”表示“明亮地”,符合修饰动词“shines”的语法要求。故填brightly。
12.(25-26七年级上·山东济宁·阶段练习)They are climbing (slow) to the top because of the heavy fog.
【答案】slowly
【解析】句意:由于大雾,他们正在慢慢爬到山顶。空格处修饰动词“climbing”(爬行),因此需要用副词形式,“slow”的副词形式是“slowly”。故填slowly。
13.(25-26八年级上·山东青岛·阶段练习)The cat can sit (comfortable) in the warm basket.
【答案】comfortably
【解析】句意:这只猫可以在温暖的篮子里舒适地坐着。comfortable“舒适的”,形容词,此处要用副词形式comfortably修饰动词sit。故填comfortably。
14.(25-26九年级上·山东青岛·阶段练习)Bob always sits in our classroom . (silent)
【答案】silently
【解析】句意:Bob总是安静地坐在我们教室里。silent“安静的”,形容词。根据“sits”可知,此处需要副词修饰动词,表示“安静地坐”,silent的副词形式是“silently”。故填silently
考点三 副词的句法功能
作状语
用来修饰形容词、副词, 常位于被修饰词的前面;
Bill is very tall.
比尔非常高。
修饰动词时一般位于被修饰的动词之后
He jumps high.
他跳得高。
位于句首修饰整个句子
Luckily, he won the game. 幸运的是, 他赢得了比赛。
作定语
一般位于被修饰词之后
The boy there needs a pen. 那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔。
作表语
放在系动词之后
I must be off now.
现在我必须离开了。
一、单项选择
1.(2025八年级上·吉林·专题练习)My little brother is much ________ than me, but he eats more ________ than I do.
A.short; healthy B.shorter; healthily C.shorter; healthy D.short; healthily
【答案】B
【解析】句意:我的弟弟比我矮得多,但他比我吃得更健康。
考查形容词和副词的比较级。short矮的,形容词原级;shorter更矮的,形容词比较级;healthy健康的,形容词原级;healthily健康地,副词原级。根据“My little brother is much...than me”可知,此处应使用比较级形式,故第一空使用shorter;根据“he eats more...than I do”可知,此处修饰动词eats,应使用副词比较级形式,more后接副词原级,故第二空使用healthily。故选B。
2.(24-25八年级下·山东临沂·期中)________ you study, ________ your parents are.
A.The hard; the happier B.The harder; the happier C.The hard; the happy
【答案】B
【解析】句意:你学习越努力,你的父母就越开心。
考查比较级的用法。hard努力地,副词原级;harder更努力地,副词比较级;happier更开心的,形容词比较级;happy开心的,形容词原级。分析句子结构可知,此句为“the+比较级, the+比较级”“越……,就越……”结构。第一个空修饰动词“study”,用副词比较级harder;第二个空作表语,用形容词比较级happier。故选B。
3.(23-24九年级上·山东滨州·期末)—Could you tell me why you learn English so well?
—It’s very simple. ________ you study, ________ grades you will get.
A.The harder; better B.Harder; better C.The harder; the better D.Harder; the better
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——你能告诉我为什么你英语学得这么好吗?——它非常简单。你越努力,成绩就会越好。
考查比较级用法。the+比较级,the+比较级,表示“越……,越……”,固定用法,故需The harder...the better...。故选C。
4.(23-24九年级上·山东滨州·期中)________ you work, ________ you will become.
A.The harder; the luckier B.The more hard; the lucky
C.The hard-working; the luckier D.The more hard-working; the luckier
【答案】A
【解析】句意:你越努力,就越幸运。
考查比较级。The harder更努力,副词比较级;the luckier更幸运,形容词比较级;The more hard-working更努力,形容词比较级。根据“…you work…he will become.”可知,该句考查“the+比较级,the+比较级”的用法,意为“越……,越……”。结合语境,应该说“越努力,就越幸运”,第一空填副词比较级修饰动词“work”;第二空缺表语,填形容词比较级“the luckier”,故选A。
5.(2024·山东东营·中考真题)Today AI technology is developing ________ we can imagine. Nobody knows what will happen tomorrow.
A.much faster than B.as fast as C.more slowly than D.as slowly as
【答案】A
【解析】句意:今天,人工智能技术的发展速度比我们想象的要快得多。没有人知道明天会发生什么。
考查比较级。much faster than比……快得多;as fast as和……一样快;more slowly than比……慢得多;as slowly as和……一样慢。根据“Nobody knows what will happen tomorrow.”可知,没有人知道明天会发生什么,说明现在人工智能的发展速度非常快,比我们想象的要快得多。故选A。
6.(25-26八年级上·山东滨州·期中)Of all the subjects, I like English ________. It’s so interesting.
A.well B.better C.best D.the better
【答案】C
【解析】句意:在所有科目中,我最喜欢英语。它很有趣。
考查副词最高级使用。well好,原级;better更好,比较级;best最好。最高级;the better更好,比较级。根据“of all the subjects”可知,是多个科目之间的比较,因此使用最高级。故选C。
7.(23-24八年级下·山东威海·期末)—Hi! You five. I need someone to send this bag to my home as quickly as possible.
—Let Jack do it. He runs ________.
A.fast B.the faster C.the fastest
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——嗨!你们五个。我需要有人尽快把这个袋子送到我家。——让杰克来吧。他跑得最快。
考查最高级。根据“You five.”可知,此处表示杰克是这五个人当中跑得最快的。故选C。
8.(22-23八年级上·山东滨州·期末)Miss Li works the ________ in the school.
A.most carefully B.more carefully C.most careful D.more careful
【答案】A
【解析】句意:李老师在学校工作最仔细。
考查最高级。most carefully最仔细地;more carefully更仔细地;most careful最仔细的;more careful更仔细的。根据范围“in the school”可知,此处应用最高级;根据work是动词可知,此处应用副词carefully修饰。故选A。
9.(22-23八年级上·山东菏泽·期末)Which sport do you like ________, swimming, running or skating?
A.good B.better C.best
【答案】C
【解析】句意:你最喜欢哪项运动,游泳、跑步还是滑冰?
考查最高级。good好的;better更好;best最好。根据“swimming, running or skating”可知,三者之间的比较应用最高级,故选C。
10.(22-23八年级上·山东滨州·期末)—Han Hao did _______ in the final exam this term again.
—That’s true. No one is worse than him in his class.
A.worst B.worse C.best D.better
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——韩浩这学期的期末考试又考得最差。——这倒是真的。他班上没有人比他差。
考查副词的最高级。worst最差;worse更差;best最好;better更好。由“No one is worse than him in his class.”可知没有人比他更差,也就是说他就是最差的,结合选项,选项A“最差”符合语境,故选A。
二、单词拼写
1.(24-25七年级上·山东烟台·期末)He learned (slow) than his brother.
【答案】more slowly
【解析】句意:他学得比他哥哥慢。此处修饰动词learned用副词slowly“慢地”,根据“than”可知此处用副词的比较级more slowly。故填more slowly。
2.(25-26六年级·山东·假期作业)She sings (beautiful) than her sister.
【答案】more beautifully
【解析】句意:她唱歌比她妹妹(姐姐)唱得更动听。结合句子语境,“than”是比较级的标志词,说明句子要用比较级形式。“sings”(唱歌)是动词,修饰动词需用副词,“beautiful”是形容词(美丽的;动听的),其副词形式是“beautifully”,“beautifully”是多音节副词,其比较级形式是在前面加“more”,所以变成“more beautifully”,用于体现她和妹妹(姐姐)唱歌动听程度的对比。故填more beautifully。
3.(23-24八年级上·山东德州·期中)Now people can travel to some places (easy) than before.
【答案】more easily
【解析】句意:现在人们可以比以前更容易地去一些地方旅行。根据“than”和“travel to some places”可知,此处需要副词的比较级,easy的副词是easily,其比较级是more easily,故填more easily。
4.(23-24八年级上·山东菏泽·期中)If you take math (serious) than before, you can get better grades.
【答案】more seriously
【解析】句意:如果你比以前更认真地对待数学,你会取得更好的成绩。修饰动词take,需用副词seriously“认真地”;结合“than”可知,空处需用副词比较级。故填more seriously。
5.(23-24八年级上·山东潍坊·开学考试)Danny writes much (quick) than me.
【答案】more quickly
【解析】句意:丹尼写得比我快得多。空处修饰动词“writes”,需用副词形式quickly“快地”;much用来修饰比较级,quickly的比较级形式为more quickly。故填more quickly。
6.(24-25八年级上·山东潍坊·期中)—Who jumps (high) in your class?
—Lin Tao does.
【答案】highest
【解析】句意:——在你的班中谁跳得最高?——林涛。根据“in your class”可知,此处给出范围,需用副词最高级highest,表示“最高地”。故填highest。
7.(23-24八年级上·山东菏泽·期中)Movie City has the worst service, but you can sit the (comfortable) of these three cinemas.
【答案】most comfortably
【解析】句意:电影城的服务最差,但在这三家电影院中可以坐得最舒服。comfortable“舒适的”,形容词,空处修饰动词sit用副词形式,根据“of these three cinemas”可知,应用副词最高级形式,most comfortably“最舒适地”。故填most comfortably。
8.(23-24八年级下·山东济南·期末)Jane jumped (far) of the six students in the sports meeting.
【答案】the farthest/the furthest
【解析】句意:在运动会中,简是六个学生中跳得最远的。根据“of the six students”可知,此处应表示简是六个学生中跳得最远的,因此应用副词的最高级,“far”的最高级形式是“farthest”或“furthest”,最高级前应用the。故填the farthest/the furthest。
9.(23-24七年级上·山东潍坊·期末)My brother likes swimming and he swims (good) in his class.
【答案】the best/best
【解析】句意:我哥哥喜欢游泳,他在班里游得最好。good意为“好的”,是形容词。根据空前的动词“swims”可知这里填副词修饰动词,good的副词是well,再根据“in his class”可知填最高级best,副词的最高级前可以不加the,也可以加the。故填(the) best。
10.(22-23七年级上·山东烟台·期末)Nancy was very sad because she did (bad) in this exam.
【答案】worst
【解析】句意:南希很伤心,因为她这次考试考得最差。根据“she did”和所给词可知,此处应用bad的副词修饰动词,bad的副词badly;根据“in this exam”可知,应用最高级,badly的最高级为worst。故填worst。
考点四 副词的等级
副词比较级、最高级构成及用法。
类别
构成方法
例词
规则变化
和形容词同型的副词其比较级构成方法和形容词比较级构成方法一致
hard-harder-harder
以后缀ly结尾的副词在词的前面加more,most
quickly-more quickly-most quickly
不规则变化
well-better-best,badly-worse-worst,little-less-least
副词比较级、最高级的用法同形容词。
【易错提醒】
表示三者或三者以上比较时,应该用副词的最高级,其前面可以加the ,也可以不加the。
一、单项选择
1.(24-25八年级上·山东滨州·期末)Please read the questions carefully before doing them. The more _______ you are, the _______ mistakes you’ll make.
A.careful; less B.carefully; fewer C.carefully; less D.careful; fewer
【答案】D
【解析】句意:在开始做题目之前,请仔细阅读问题。你越小心,你犯的错误就越少。
考查形容词与副词的用法以及fewer和less的辨析。careful小心的,形容词;less更少的,修饰不可数名词;carefully小心地,副词;fewer更少的,修饰可数名词复数。第一空在系动词“are”后需用形容词careful作表语;第二空修饰可数名词复数“mistakes”,需用fewer。故选D。
2.(25-26八年级上·山东滨州·期中)A ________ giant panda can weigh ________.
A.10 month old; 10 kilograms B.10-month-old; 10 kilograms
C.10 months old; 10-kilogram D.10 months old; 10 kilogram
【答案】B
【解析】句意:一只10个月大的大熊猫能重10公斤。
考查复合形容词和名词复数用法。根据“A … giant panda”可知,此处指一只10个月大的大熊猫,因此应用复合形容词10-month-old“10个月大的”,其中数字、单位(用单数)和形容词用连字符连接;第二个空“weigh”后接名词短语,此处指重10公斤,因此单位kilograms“公斤”需用复数形式。故选B。
3.(25-26七年级上·山东威海·期中)This is a ________ trip. I feel very ________ after it.
A.tiring; tiring B.tired; tiring C.tiring; tired
【答案】C
【解析】句意:这是一次令人疲倦的旅行。结束后我感到非常疲倦。
考查形容词辨析。tiring令人疲倦的,常用来修饰“物”;tired疲倦的,主要用来描述“人”的感受。根据“This is a...trip. I feel very...after it.”可知,第一空修饰“trip”,描述这个旅程是累人的,因此使用“tiring”;第二空描述的是“我”在旅程之后的感受,因此使用“tired”。故选C。
4.(25-26七年级上·山东威海·期中)We can learn ________ by watching nature around us.
A.something magical B.magical something C.anything magical
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我们可以通过观察周围的自然学到一些神奇的东西。
考查不定代词和形容词的位置。something某事,常用于肯定句;anything任何事,常用于否定句和疑问句。该句是肯定句,形容词修饰不定代词时需后置,且肯定句中常用something。故选A。
5.(24-25九年级上·山东青岛·期中)It’s ________ to keep your voice down in public places.
A.polite B.politely C.impolite D.impolitely
【答案】A
【解析】句意:在公共场所保持小声是礼貌的。
考查形容词辨析和形容词的用法。polite礼貌的,形容词;politely礼貌地,副词;impolite不礼貌的,形容词;impolitely不礼貌地,副词。此处作be动词的表语,用形容词,根据“keep your voice down in public places”可知在公共场所保持小声是礼貌的。故选A。
6.(24-25九年级上·山东青岛·期中)—Why do you speak in ________?
—Because I want to make myself heard clearly.
A.such a loud voice B.so loud voice C.such loud voice D.so a loud voice
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——你为什么用这么大的声音说话?——因为我想让自己被清楚地听到。
考查such和so的用法辨析。such修饰名词,结构为“such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数”;so修饰形容词或副词,结构为“so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数”。voice是可数名词单数,loud是形容词,such a loud voice符合结构要求。故选A。
7.(24-25七年级上·山东东营·期中)People always see things in ________ ways, so they may describe the same person ________.
A.difference; differently B.different; differently
C.differently; different D.differently; difference
【答案】B
【解析】句意:人们总是以不同的方式看待事物,因此他们可能以不同的方式描述同一个人。
考查形容词和副词的用法。difference差异,名词;different不同的,形容词;differently不同地,副词。第一个空修饰名词“ways”,需用形容词“different”;第二个空修饰动词“describe”,需用副词“differently”。故选B。
8.(25-26八年级上·吉林长春·月考)At last, the poor boy was ________. But people didn’t know the reason for his ________.
A.died; death B.dead; death C.dead; die D.died; die
【答案】B
【解析】句意:最后,这个可怜的男孩死了。但人们不知道他死亡的原因。
考查形容词和名词。died死亡,动词过去式;death死亡,名词;dead死的,形容词;die死亡,动词原形。根据“At last, the poor boy was ...”可知第一空表示男孩死了,用形容词dead表示“死了的”,作表语;再由“But people didn’t know the reason for his ...”可知不知道死因,his后接名词death表示“死亡”。故选B。
9.(24-25七年级上·山东日照·期末)Bob is good ________ numbers and he learns maths so ________.
A.at; good B.with; well C.to; quickly D.in; easily
【答案】B
【解析】句意:鲍勃擅长数字,他数学学得很好。
考查固定搭配及副词用法。be good at...擅长……;be good with...善于应付/处理……。根据“numbers”可知,此处指“善于处理数字”,因此第一空用with;第二空修饰动词learns,应用副词well。故选B。
10.(24-25八年级上·山东青岛·期中)Either of them can take this job, but I wonder who works _________.
A.the most careful B.more careful
C.most carefully D.more carefully
【答案】D
【解析】句意:他们俩都可以做这份工作,但我想知道谁工作得更认真。
考查副词比较级。the most careful最认真的,形容词最高级;more careful更认真的,形容词比较级;most carefully最认真地,副词最高级;more carefully更认真地,副词比较级。根据“Either of them…who works…”可知,空处用于修饰动词works,应用副词,故排除A和B。比较的范围是两个人。在两者之间进行比较,应用比较级。副词carefully的比较级是more carefully。故选D。
11.(24-25八年级上·山东威海·期中)My brother is not to lift the heavy stone.
A.too weak B.enough strong C.strong enough
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我弟弟不够强壮,搬不动那块重石头。
考查enough的用法。too weak太弱;enough strong足够强壮,结构错误;strong enough足够强壮。根据“not”以及enough的用法可知,此处表示“不足够强壮”的意思,且enough修饰形容词时应后置。故选C。
12.(24-25八年级上·山东威海·期中)Sarah spoke so ________ that all of her classmates could hear her.
A.clearly B.luckily C.hardly
【答案】A
【解析】句意:萨拉说话如此清楚,以至于她所有的同学都能听到她。
考查副词辨析。clearly清楚地;luckily幸运地;hardly几乎不。根据“all of her classmates could hear her”可知,这里需要一个表示说话状态的词,clearly符合语境,说明说话清晰所以同学都能听到。故选A。
二、单词拼写
1.(25-26九年级上·山东·月考)Flowers could make them less stressed and less (pain).
【答案】painful
【解析】句意:鲜花能让他们压力更小,痛苦更少。pain是名词,意为“痛苦”;根据“stressed”可知,此处需要填入形容词,作make的宾语补足语,pain的形容词形式是painful“痛苦的”,符合“less+形容词”表示“更不……”的结构。故填painful。
2.(25-26八年级上·山东菏泽·期中)Mr. Lee is one of the most (humour) teachers in our school.
【答案】humorous
【解析】句意:李老师是我们学校最幽默的老师之一。空处缺少形容词作定语,修饰“teachers”,humour的形容词为humorous“幽默的”。故填humorous。
3.(25-26七年级上·山东德州·期中)Siheyuan is a kind of (tradition) building in China with a history of over 3000 years.
【答案】traditional
【解析】句意:四合院是中国一种有着3000多年历史的传统建筑。根据“building”可知,横线处需填形容词来修饰名词,tradition“传统”,名词,其形容词形式为traditional。故填traditional。
4.(25-26七年级上·山东·单元测试)The (die) leaves fall from the tree in autumn.
【答案】dead
【解析】句意:秋天,枯叶从树上落下来。die“凋谢”,是动词;分析句子可知,此处应填形容词作定语,修饰名词leaves,dead“枯萎的”,是形容词。故填dead。
5.(24-25九年级上·山东青岛·期中)My teacher had a conversation with me yesterday. That’s (exact) what I need.
【答案】exactly
【解析】句意:我的老师昨天和我进行了交谈。这正是我需要的。此处表示“这正是我需要的”,用exact的副词形式exactly,表示“恰好地,正是”。故填exactly。
6.(25-26八年级上·山东济南·期中)My grandma has made some bread, and it is (fresh) made.
【答案】freshly
【解析】句意:我奶奶做了一些面包,而且是新鲜制作的。空格处需修饰动词“made”,用所给词的副词形式freshly“刚刚,新近”。故填freshly。
7.(25-26七年级上·山东济南·阶段练习)My brother works hard so he always does (good) in his exams.
【答案】well
【解析】句意:我哥哥学习很努力,所以他考试总是考得很好。空格处需填入副词作状语,修饰动词“does”。good的副词形式为well,do well in是固定搭配,意为“在…… 方面做得好”。故填well。
8.(25-26九年级上·山东济南·阶段练习)I (normally) go to bed early, but I stayed up late last night.
【答案】normally
【解析】句意:我通常睡得很早,但昨晚我熬夜了。分析句子可知,需用副词修饰动词短语go to bed,normally“通常”,是副词。故填normally。
考点五 形容词副词的转化
变化规则
示 例
一致
fast; early; high; hard; late; far; wide
直接加ly
careful→carefully quiet→quietly
different→differently
变le为ly
possible→possibly terrible→terribly
comfortable→comfortably gentle→gently
simple→simply
变y为ily
easy→easily angry→angrily
noisy→noisily happy→happily
heavy→heavily healthy→healthily
去e加ly
true→truly
一、单词拼写
1.(24-25七年级上·山东菏泽·期末)English is my favorite subject because I think it is very (interested).
【答案】interesting
【解析】句意:英语是我最喜欢的科目,因为我认为它非常有趣。“interested”通常用来描述人的感受,表示“感兴趣的”;而“interesting”则用来描述事物本身的性质,表示“有趣的”。在这个句子中,需要描述的是英语这门学科的性质,即它是“有趣的”,而不是描述“我”对英语的感受。故填interesting。
2.(24-25七年级上·山东潍坊·期末)What a (peace) and safe life!
【答案】peaceful
【解析】句意:多么平静安全的生活啊!peace“和平”,名词,此处应用形容词peaceful修饰名词life。故填peaceful。
3.(24-25七年级上·山东潍坊·期末)Without plants, the (nature) world would be very different.
【答案】natural
【解析】句意:如果没有植物,自然界将会大不相同。nature”是名词,意为“自然”,设空处修饰名词“world”,因此需用其形容词形式natural“自然的”,作定语。故填natural。
4.(24-25七年级上·山东潍坊·期末)It is a (touch) story about the love between father and son.
【答案】touching
【解析】句意:这是一个关于父子之爱的感人的故事。根据“a...story”可知,此处需用touching作定语修饰物,意为“感人的”,故填touching。
5.(25-26八年级上·山东临沂·期中)Jim was (disappoint) because he thought his parents forgot his birthday.
【答案】disappointed
【解析】句意:吉姆很失望,因为他以为他的父母忘记了他的生日。分析句子结构可知,此处为系表结构,was为系动词,后应接形容词作表语。主语是“Jim”,此处用所给动词disappoint的形容词形式disappointed,用于描述人的感受。故填disappointed。
6.(25-26七年级上·山东济南·期中)David likes playing (China) chess with his friends.
【答案】Chinese
【解析】句意:David喜欢和他的朋友们下中国象棋。根据“playing...chess”可知,此处表达下中国象棋,“中国象棋”为“Chinese chess”,形容词“Chinese”修饰名词“chess”。故填Chinese。
7.(25-26九年级上·山东济南·月考)Anne, the information you gave me is as (value) as gold. Thank you very much.
【答案】valuable
【解析】句意:安妮,你给我的信息像黄金一样宝贵。非常感谢。根据“the information you gave me is as ... as gold”可知,此空需要一个形容词作表语,value的形容词为valuable“有价值的,珍贵的”,valuable符合句意。故填valuable。
8.(25-26九年级上·山东济南·月考)Scientists have studied many (fascinated) problems in nature.
【答案】fascinating
【解析】句意:科学家们研究了大自然中许多令人着迷的问题。根据“problems”可知,空格处需填入形容词修饰名词,表示“令人着迷的”。fascinated“感到着迷的”,修饰人,而fascinating“令人着迷的”修饰物,故此处应用fascinating修饰problems,故填fascinating。
9.(25-26六年级上·山东滨州·期中)Here are some apples for you. They are very (health).
【答案】healthy
【解析】句意:这里有一些苹果给你。它们非常健康。根据“They are very”可知,空处需填形容词作表语。health“健康”,名词,其形容词形式为healthy“健康的”。故填healthy。
10.(25-26八年级上·山东东营·期中)When she heard the news, she felt so (shock) that she couldn’t say a word.
【答案】shocked
【解析】句意:当她听到这个消息时,她感到如此震惊,以至于一句话也说不出来。空格前为系动词“felt”(feel的过去式),后接形容词作表语,构成“主系表”结构;shock为动词 (使震惊) 或名词 (震惊),其形容词形式有两种——shocked (感到震惊的,修饰人) 和shocking (令人震惊的,修饰事物);主语为“she”(人),强调“她自身感到震惊”,应用 shocked。故填shocked。
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第04讲 形容词和副 词
目录
01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1
02 思维导图·网络构建 2
03 考点通关·靶向突破 3
★考点一 形容词的句法功能 3
★考点二 形容词的等级 8
★考点三 副词的句法功能 13
★考点四 副词的等级 18
★考点五 形容词、副词的转化 23
04 优题精选·练能提分 24
考点
课标要求
复习目标
形容词的句法功能
· 掌握形容词的句法功能
1.系统复习并掌握形容词和副词的基本知识,强化在复杂语境中形容词副词运用的能力;
2. 熟练形容词的句法功能,形容词比较级、最高级构成及用法,副词的句法功能,副词比较级、最高级构成及用法形容词、副词的转化。
形容词的等级
· 掌握形容词比较级、最高级构成及用法
副词的句法功能
· 掌握副词的句法功能
副词的等级
· 掌握副词比较级、最高级构成及用法
形容词、副词的转化
· 掌握形容词、副词的相互转化
命题预测
形容词、副词是中考的必考点之一。主要有以下命题角度:形容词的句法功能,形容词比较级、最高级构成及用法,副词的句法功能,副词比较级、最高级构成及用法,形容词、副词的转化。
主要在单项选择、完形填空、单词拼写和语法填空中考查。
解题锦囊
锦囊1:根据“标志词”判断形容词副词的原级
A.如果出现as.....as,表明是同级比较,要用形容词、副词的原级。
B.当句中出现than时,提示要用形容词、副词的比较级。
C.当句中出现of all, in the...等表示范围的词语并且表示“最....”的含义时要用形容词、副词的最高级。
锦囊2:根据“关键词”句法功能判断
A. 当句中出现修饰名词的用法时,需要用形容词。
B. 当句中出现修饰动词或形容词时要用副词。
考点一 形容词的句法功能
功能
说 明
例 句
定语
名词前或不定代词后作定语
①Mr Wang is a funny teacher.
王老师是一位有趣的老师。
②I have something important to say. 我有重要的事情要说。
表 语
系动词后作表语
It’s very cold today.
今天非常冷。
宾语补足语
keep, make, leave等动词的宾语后作宾语补足语
①Don’t keep the window open.
别让窗户开着。
②Alice often makes us happy.
艾丽斯经常让我们高兴。
【易错提醒】
1.fish表示鱼的种类时复数形式是fishes, 表示条数而不强调种类时, 单复数同形用fish。
There are many kinds of fishes in this river.
这条河中有很多不同种类的鱼。
I caught five fish today. 我今天捉了5条鱼。
2.有一些名词是成双、成对出现的, 这些名词常用pair来修饰。
a pair of glasses一副眼镜 a pair of trousers一条裤子
a pair of shoes一双鞋 a pair of gloves一副手套
a pair of pants一条裤子 a pair of shorts一条短裤
一、单项选择
1.(25-26八年级上·山东滨州·期中)Lucy is ________ than her sister. She has few friends.
A.outgoing B.more outgoing C.less outgoing D.the most outgoing
2.(25-26八年级上·山东滨州·期中)The ________ you study, the ________ mistakes you will make.
A.more carefully; fewer B.more careful; more C.less carefully; fewer D.Both A and B
3.(24-25九年级上·山东东营·期中)________ our country gets, ________ the people will be, as is known to all.
A.The stronger, the happier B.The more strong, the happier
C.The stronger, the happy D.The strong, the happier
4.(25-26九年级上·山东青岛·阶段练习)It sounds ________ to use “Could you…” than “Can you…” in public.
A.polite B.politely C.more polite D.more politely
5.(25-26九年级上·山东滨州·阶段练习)________ careful you are, ________ mistakes you will make in the exam.
A.The more; the less B.The more; the fewer
C.The less; the fewer D.The more; the more
6.(24-25八年级上·福建厦门·期中)—The Yangtze River is much ________ than the Yellow River.
—You’re right. It is ________ river in China.
A.longer; longer B.longest; longer C.longer; the longest
7.(25-26八年级上·江苏无锡·阶段练习)—What do you think of Jim’s schoolwork?
—His schoolwork is better than ________ in his class.
A.any classmate’s B.any other classmate’s C.the other classmates D.other classmates’
8.(25-26九年级上·山东枣庄·阶段练习)I think July is ________ month of the year in Beijing.
A.hot B.hotter C.the hottest D.hottest
二、单词拼写
1.(25-26八年级上·山东济南·期中)His English is bad, but my English is (bad).
2.(25-26九年级上·山东·月考)One of (move) pieces of music that I have ever heard is Liangzhu.
3.(25-26八年级上·山东济南·期中)She is one of the (hard-working) persons I know.
4.(25-26八年级上·山东济南·期中)It’s said bamboo is one of (useful) plants on earth.
5.(25-26八年级上·山东潍坊·阶段练习)Lu Xun is one of the most famous (write) in China.
6.(25-26八年级上·山东潍坊·阶段练习)In the story, the little girl was the (brave) one among them to fight the bad wolf.
7.(25-26八年级上·山东潍坊·月考)Yesterday I heard the (late) news about my favourite hero Yao Ming.
8.(25-26九年级上·山东·阶段练习)Wushu is one of the (early) sports in China.
9.(25-26九年级上·山东·开学考试)To be honest, it is one of the best (novel) that I have read.
10.(24-25六年级下·山东滨州·期末)Betty is 15 years old, and she is the (old) girl in our class.
11.(24-25七年级下·山东潍坊·期末)Mount Qomolangma is the (high) of all mountains in the world.
12.(24-25七年级下·山东潍坊·期末)Xu Xiake was famous as the (great) traveler in Chinese history.
考点二 形容词的等级
形容词有原级、比较级和最高级三个等级。
1. 原级用法句型。
句 型
例 句
(1)“as+形容词原级+as”, 在否定句中用“not so. . . as”结构
Lucy is not so tall as Lily.
露西不如莉莉高。
(2)倍数+as+形容词原级+as
Our school is three times as big as theirs.
我们的学校是他们的三倍大。
2. 比较级构成及用法。
比较等级的规则变化
情况
构成方式
例词
一般情况
加er
clever-cleverer
small-smaller
以e结尾的词
加r
nice-nicer
large-larger
以辅音字母+y结尾词
变y为i+er
easy-easier
happy-happier
重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母的词
双写最后一个辅音字母+er
fat-fatter
thin-thinner
多音节词和部分双音节词
在前面加more
beautiful-more beautiful
interesting-more interesting
不规则变化:
good/well —better
bad-worse
many, much — more
little—less
far — farther (距离远)
far — further (程度深)
old — elder (长幼)
old — older (年龄)
比较等级的用法
用 法
例 句
(1)双方比较, 表示一方超过另一方时, 用“比较级+than”结构
China is larger than Italy.
中国比意大利大。
(2)用于“less+原级+than” (注意此结构不用于单音节词)
The book is less interesting than that one.
这本书不如那本书有趣。
用 法
例 句
(3)倍数+比较级+than
The box is three times bigger than that one.
这个箱子是那个的三倍大。
(4)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”
Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.
我们的国家正变得越来越强大。
(5)“the+比较级……, the+比较级……”表示“越……, 就越……”
The more, the better.
多多益善。
(6)the+比较级+of the two+名词复数
The taller of the two boys is my brother. 两个男孩中, 较高的那一个是我的哥哥。
3. 最高级的构成及用法
情况
构成方式
例词
一般情况
加est
clever-cleverest
small-smaller
以e结尾的词
加st
nice-nicest
large-largest
以辅音字母+y结尾词
变y为i+est
easy-easiest
happy-happiest
重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母的词
双写最后一个辅音字母+est
fat-fattest
thin-thinnest
多音节词和部分双音节词
在前面加most
beautiful-most beautiful
interesting-most interesting
不规则变化:
good/well —best
bad-worst
many, much — most
little—least
far — farthest (距离远)
far — furthest (程度深)
old — eldest (长幼)
old — oldest (年龄)
最高级的用法
用 法
例 句
(1)the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句
Spring is the best season of the year.
春天是一年中最好的季节。
(2)“one of the+最高级+复数名词”表示“最……之一”
Kobe is one of the best basketball players in NBA. 科比是NBA最好的篮球运动员之一。
【易错提醒】
1.修饰比较级常用的词和短语主要有: much, even, any, yet, far, a lot, a little, a bit, twice, five times, many times等。例如:
Are you feeling any better today?
你今天感觉好些了吗?
He is ten years older than I.
他比我大十岁。
2.比较级要避免与自身进行比较, 若比较的对象属于同一范围要用“比较级+than any other+单数名词”或“比较级+than anyone/anybody/anything else”表示“比其他的任何……都……”。例如:
Lin Tao is taller than any other student in his class.
林涛比他班里的其他学生都高。
Jack studies harder than anyone else in his class.
杰克比班上其他的学生学习刻苦。
一、单词拼写
1.(25-26八年级上·山东济南·期中)I (fresh) finished my article. What do you think of it?
2.(25-26七年级上·山东济南·期中)This story is (real) funny and I want to read it again.
3.(25-26七年级上·山东济南·期中)She can play the piano really (good).
4.(24-25七年级上·山东潍坊·期末) (sudden), it started to rain heavily.
5.(25-26八年级上·山东东营·期中)It rained (heavy) last night, so the road was full of water.
6.(25-26七年级上·山东济南·期中)Linda sings very (good). She is in the school singing club.
7.(25-26八年级上·山东菏泽·期中)It will (probable) rain. Let’s take an umbrella.
8.(25-26八年级上·山东潍坊·阶段练习)The birds fly (happy) and sing with joy.
9.(25-26八年级上·山东潍坊·阶段练习)We should think (wise) before making an important decision.
10.(25-26八年级上·山东潍坊·阶段练习)This story (true) shows the importance of helping each other.
11.(25-26七年级上·山东济宁·阶段练习)It’s sunny. The sun shines (bright).
12.(25-26七年级上·山东济宁·阶段练习)They are climbing (slow) to the top because of the heavy fog.
13.(25-26八年级上·山东青岛·阶段练习)The cat can sit (comfortable) in the warm basket.
14.(25-26九年级上·山东青岛·阶段练习)Bob always sits in our classroom . (silent)
【解析】句意:Bob总是安静地坐在我们教室里。silent“安静的”,形容词。根据“sits”可知,此处需要副词修饰动词,表示“安静地坐”,silent的副词形式是“silently”。故填silently
考点三 副词的句法功能
作状语
用来修饰形容词、副词, 常位于被修饰词的前面;
Bill is very tall.
比尔非常高。
修饰动词时一般位于被修饰的动词之后
He jumps high.
他跳得高。
位于句首修饰整个句子
Luckily, he won the game. 幸运的是, 他赢得了比赛。
作定语
一般位于被修饰词之后
The boy there needs a pen. 那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔。
作表语
放在系动词之后
I must be off now.
现在我必须离开了。
一、单项选择
1.(2025八年级上·吉林·专题练习)My little brother is much ________ than me, but he eats more ________ than I do.
A.short; healthy B.shorter; healthily C.shorter; healthy D.short; healthily
2.(24-25八年级下·山东临沂·期中)________ you study, ________ your parents are.
A.The hard; the happier B.The harder; the happier C.The hard; the happy
3.(23-24九年级上·山东滨州·期末)—Could you tell me why you learn English so well?
—It’s very simple. ________ you study, ________ grades you will get.
A.The harder; better B.Harder; better C.The harder; the better D.Harder; the better
4.(23-24九年级上·山东滨州·期中)________ you work, ________ you will become.
A.The harder; the luckier B.The more hard; the lucky
C.The hard-working; the luckier D.The more hard-working; the luckier
5.(2024·山东东营·中考真题)Today AI technology is developing ________ we can imagine. Nobody knows what will happen tomorrow.
A.much faster than B.as fast as C.more slowly than D.as slowly as
6.(25-26八年级上·山东滨州·期中)Of all the subjects, I like English ________. It’s so interesting.
A.well B.better C.best D.the better
7.(23-24八年级下·山东威海·期末)—Hi! You five. I need someone to send this bag to my home as quickly as possible.
—Let Jack do it. He runs ________.
A.fast B.the faster C.the fastest
8.(22-23八年级上·山东滨州·期末)Miss Li works the ________ in the school.
A.most carefully B.more carefully C.most careful D.more careful
9.(22-23八年级上·山东菏泽·期末)Which sport do you like ________, swimming, running or skating?
A.good B.better C.best
10.(22-23八年级上·山东滨州·期末)—Han Hao did _______ in the final exam this term again.
—That’s true. No one is worse than him in his class.
A.worst B.worse C.best D.better
二、单词拼写
1.(24-25七年级上·山东烟台·期末)He learned (slow) than his brother.
2.(25-26六年级·山东·假期作业)She sings (beautiful) than her sister.
3.(23-24八年级上·山东德州·期中)Now people can travel to some places (easy) than before.
4.(23-24八年级上·山东菏泽·期中)If you take math (serious) than before, you can get better grades.
5.(23-24八年级上·山东潍坊·开学考试)Danny writes much (quick) than me.
6.(24-25八年级上·山东潍坊·期中)—Who jumps (high) in your class?
—Lin Tao does.
7.(23-24八年级上·山东菏泽·期中)Movie City has the worst service, but you can sit the (comfortable) of these three cinemas.
8.(23-24八年级下·山东济南·期末)Jane jumped (far) of the six students in the sports meeting.
9.(23-24七年级上·山东潍坊·期末)My brother likes swimming and he swims (good) in his class.
10.(22-23七年级上·山东烟台·期末)Nancy was very sad because she did (bad) in this exam.
考点四 副词的等级
副词比较级、最高级构成及用法。
类别
构成方法
例词
规则变化
和形容词同型的副词其比较级构成方法和形容词比较级构成方法一致
hard-harder-harder
以后缀ly结尾的副词在词的前面加more,most
quickly-more quickly-most quickly
不规则变化
well-better-best,badly-worse-worst,little-less-least
副词比较级、最高级的用法同形容词。
【易错提醒】
表示三者或三者以上比较时,应该用副词的最高级,其前面可以加the ,也可以不加the。
一、单项选择
1.(24-25八年级上·山东滨州·期末)Please read the questions carefully before doing them. The more _______ you are, the _______ mistakes you’ll make.
A.careful; less B.carefully; fewer C.carefully; less D.careful; fewer
2.(25-26八年级上·山东滨州·期中)A ________ giant panda can weigh ________.
A.10 month old; 10 kilograms B.10-month-old; 10 kilograms
C.10 months old; 10-kilogram D.10 months old; 10 kilogram
3.(25-26七年级上·山东威海·期中)This is a ________ trip. I feel very ________ after it.
A.tiring; tiring B.tired; tiring C.tiring; tired
4.(25-26七年级上·山东威海·期中)We can learn ________ by watching nature around us.
A.something magical B.magical something C.anything magical
5.(24-25九年级上·山东青岛·期中)It’s ________ to keep your voice down in public places.
A.polite B.politely C.impolite D.impolitely
6.(24-25九年级上·山东青岛·期中)—Why do you speak in ________?
—Because I want to make myself heard clearly.
A.such a loud voice B.so loud voice C.such loud voice D.so a loud voice
7.(24-25七年级上·山东东营·期中)People always see things in ________ ways, so they may describe the same person ________.
A.difference; differently B.different; differently
C.differently; different D.differently; difference
8.(25-26八年级上·吉林长春·月考)At last, the poor boy was ________. But people didn’t know the reason for his ________.
A.died; death B.dead; death C.dead; die D.died; die
9.(24-25七年级上·山东日照·期末)Bob is good ________ numbers and he learns maths so ________.
A.at; good B.with; well C.to; quickly D.in; easily
10.(24-25八年级上·山东青岛·期中)Either of them can take this job, but I wonder who works _________.
A.the most careful B.more careful
C.most carefully D.more carefully
11.(24-25八年级上·山东威海·期中)My brother is not to lift the heavy stone.
A.too weak B.enough strong C.strong enough
12.(24-25八年级上·山东威海·期中)Sarah spoke so ________ that all of her classmates could hear her.
A.clearly B.luckily C.hardly
二、单词拼写
1.(25-26九年级上·山东·月考)Flowers could make them less stressed and less (pain).
2.(25-26八年级上·山东菏泽·期中)Mr. Lee is one of the most (humour) teachers in our school.
3.(25-26七年级上·山东德州·期中)Siheyuan is a kind of (tradition) building in China with a history of over 3000 years.
4.(25-26七年级上·山东·单元测试)The (die) leaves fall from the tree in autumn.
5.(24-25九年级上·山东青岛·期中)My teacher had a conversation with me yesterday. That’s (exact) what I need.
6.(25-26八年级上·山东济南·期中)My grandma has made some bread, and it is (fresh) made.
7.(25-26七年级上·山东济南·阶段练习)My brother works hard so he always does (good) in his exams.
8.(25-26九年级上·山东济南·阶段练习)I (normally) go to bed early, but I stayed up late last night.
考点五 形容词副词的转化
变化规则
示 例
一致
fast; early; high; hard; late; far; wide
直接加ly
careful→carefully quiet→quietly
different→differently
变le为ly
possible→possibly terrible→terribly
comfortable→comfortably gentle→gently
simple→simply
变y为ily
easy→easily angry→angrily
noisy→noisily happy→happily
heavy→heavily healthy→healthily
去e加ly
true→truly
一、单词拼写
1.(24-25七年级上·山东菏泽·期末)English is my favorite subject because I think it is very (interested).
2.(24-25七年级上·山东潍坊·期末)What a (peace) and safe life!
3.(24-25七年级上·山东潍坊·期末)Without plants, the (nature) world would be very different.
4.(24-25七年级上·山东潍坊·期末)It is a (touch) story about the love between father and son.
5.(25-26八年级上·山东临沂·期中)Jim was (disappoint) because he thought his parents forgot his birthday.
6.(25-26七年级上·山东济南·期中)David likes playing (China) chess with his friends.
7.(25-26九年级上·山东济南·月考)Anne, the information you gave me is as (value) as gold. Thank you very much.
8.(25-26九年级上·山东济南·月考)Scientists have studied many (fascinated) problems in nature.
9.(25-26六年级上·山东滨州·期中)Here are some apples for you. They are very (health).
10.(25-26八年级上·山东东营·期中)When she heard the news, she felt so (shock) that she couldn’t say a word.
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