专题01 名词（复习讲义）（重庆专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

该初中英语中考复习讲义聚焦“名词”专题，覆盖可数名词单复数（含不规则）、不可数名词用量词、名词所有格（共同/分别所有）、名词修饰名词（单复数规则）四大核心考点，按“考情剖析-思维导图-考点通关-优题精选”架构设计，通过考点梳理、易错积累、真题训练（语法选择、完形等题型）帮助学生突破难点，体现复习系统性与针对性。 亮点在于本土情境融入与语境化训练，如结合重庆火锅、洪崖洞话题设计句子，培养文化意识，通过“黑人英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿”口诀突破不规则复数易错点，提升语言能力。分层练习适配不同学生，教师可依考情分析把控节奏，助力学生高效提升名词运用能力。

专题01 名词 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 2 03 考点通关·靶向突破 3 ★ 考点一 可数名词 3 ★ 考点二 不可数名词 6 ★ 考点三 名词所有格 7 ★ 考点四 名词修饰名词 9 04 优题精选·练能提分 10 名词 课程分析 考情剖析 重庆中考名词考查稳定在语法选择、完形、完成句子、概要补全，核心是单复数、不可数名词、所有格、名词作定语，分值约3-5分，命题走向语境化、综合化、本土情境，难度7:2:1。分值与占比：名词为高频基础考点，在词法中占比高，整套试卷中名词相关约3-5分，分散在语法选择（10分中约1题）、完形填空（1-2空）、词汇运用（1-2空）、完成句子（1-2空）。 命题预测 1. 题型不变，考法更活：语法选择和完成句子为核心，题干会融入重庆本土情境（如火锅、洪崖洞、长江索道等话题），考查在真实场景中用名词的能力。 2. 考点聚焦“三核心”：单复数（含不规则）、不可数名词用量词、所有格，新增“名词作定语”的灵活考查（如sports bag），减少孤立考规则，强调语篇中判断。 3. 跨话题与跨学科：融入科技（AI、环保）、文化（传统节日）等热点，要求区分topic（可数）、news（不可数）等，兼顾语言运用与思维品质。 4. 双重所有格与集合名词：双重所有格（a friend of mine）、集合名词（class、team）的主谓一致考查概率上升，突出“语言运用”导向。 解题锦囊 1. 抓基础：熟记单复数规则+不规则清单（如negro/hero/potato/tomato加es）、高频不可数名词表（news/advice/weather/information等）、所有格用法口诀（有生命加’s/’，时间距离加’s，共同最后加’s）。 2. 练语境：在完形、完成句子里练“先辨词义，再定词形”，重点练可数/不可数转换、名词作定语的复数变化。 3. 攻易错：整理错题本，专项突破不规则复数、man/woman修饰名词、共同/分别所有格这三类易错点。 4. 融本土：结合重庆特色话题（美食、景点、文化）造句，强化在真实情境中的能力。 考点一 可数名词 可数名词有单复数之分，可数名词单数一般要与冠词 a/an 或 the 连用。 1. 一般情况直接加“s”，如：pens, doctors, boys—boys; toy—toys. 2. 以s/x/ch/sh结尾的名词后面加es. 如：bus—buses, box—boxes, watch—watches, brush—brushes. 3. 以辅字母加y结尾的名词，要将y变为i再加es. 如：factory—factories; country—countries. 【注意】以元音字母加y结尾的词的复数形式只加s，如：boy—boys 4. 以o结尾的名词的复数无生命的加s，有生命的加es. 如：photo—photos; piano—pianos; zoo—zoos; radio—radios. 【注意】特殊的单词有：negro, hero, potato, tomato.黑人英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿 5. 以f或fe结尾的名词的复数形式要将f或fe变为v再加es. 如：leaf—leaves; thief—thieves; life—lives; self—selves 6. 不规则：如：man—men; woman—women; child—children; foot—feet; tooth—teeth; mouse—mice; 7. 单复数同形：fish—fish; sheep—sheep; deer—deer. 【注意】(A) fish表示鱼肉意思时为不可数，表示鱼的种类时才会用fishes. (B) 表示某个国家的人变复数的规则：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面 Chinese—Chinese, Japanese—Japanese, Englishman—Englishmen; Frenchman—Frenchmen; German—Germans 8. 单数形式但其意为复数的名词有：people, police等。谓语动词用复数. 9. 集合名词如family, class, team强调整体时谓语动词用单数，强调成员时谓语动词用复数. 【易错积累】 写出以下名词对应的复数形式。 bus— ; box— ; watch— ; family— ; toy— ; monkey— ; month— ; mouth— ; self— ; life— ; tomato— ; photo— ; zoo— ; tooth— ; foot— ; mouse— ; sheep— ; Chinese— ; German— ; Frenchman— 【答案与解析】 bus—buses; box—boxes; watch—watches; family—families; toy—toys; monkey—monkeys; month—months; mouth—mouths; self—selves; life—lives; tomato—tomatoes; photo—photos; zoo—zoos; tooth—teeth; foot—feet; mouse—mice; sheep—sheep; Chinese—Chinese; German—Germans; Frenchman—Frenchmen 一、单项选择 1. (2024重庆B卷·语法选择) These days, she has a new ______. A. hobby B. hobbies C. hobby’s 2. （2023·湖南·中考真题）Yueyang is one of the top 10 most beautiful ________ in China this year. A．city B．cities C．citys 3. (2023重庆A卷·语法选择) It is famous for its hot pot and ______. A. noodle B. noodles C. noodles’ 4. (2023重庆B卷·语法选择) I will take some ______ of the dishes to share with you. A. picture B. pictures C. picture’s 5. (2020重庆A卷) Would you send me some ______ of yours? I miss you very much! A. magazines B. photos C. money 6.（2021·广西百色·中考真题）Uncle Li has a farm, there are some________ on the farm. A．chicken and sheep B．chickens and sheeps C．chickens and sheep D．chicken and sheeps 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 7.（2024·江苏·中考真题）Every year, Yangzhou offers a magical and special experience for its . (tour) 8.（2023·云南·中考真题）We’re going to make vegetable salad. How many (tomato)do we need? 9.（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）There are many (sheep) eating grass over there. 10.（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）China’s Communist Youth League (中国共产主义青年团) has around 74.17 million (member). 11.（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）Last winter holiday, we met some (German) in Harbin. They liked Harbin so much. 12.（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）Working as a team means celebrating （victory）and facing losses together. 三、完成句子 13.（2025·重庆·中考真题）to be, want, a writer, I, in the future（连词成句） . 14.（2025·重庆九龙坡·一模）allowed, drive; to, not,16-year-olds, be, should (连词成句) . 15.（2025·重庆·模拟预测）have, a, movie, seen, they, already, such, good  (连词成句) . 16.（2022·重庆九龙坡·一模）你不是小孩子了，你应该对你所有的选择和决定负责。（完成译句） You are not a child now. You should be responsible for all of your and . 17.（2023·重庆·一模）加入社团是一个很好的交友方式。（完成译句） a club is a good way to make . 18.（2025·重庆沙坪坝·一模）teenagers, allowed, be, should, not, smoke, to (连词成句) . 19.（2025·重庆沙坪坝·一模）mistakes, people, from, learn, smart  (连词成句) . 考点二 不可数名词 不可数名词的数 1. 常见的不可数名词有：news/advice/weather/information/work/homework/bread.. 2. 不可数名词前可以加量词来表示数量a glass/cup/bottle/piece/bag/basket of，谓语动词由数量词决定。 ①There is no special news in today’s newspaper. ②There are some pieces of interesting news in today’s newspaper. 3. 既可数又不可数的词：（glass/orange/room/fish/exercise/experience...） ①We’re so thirsty. We’d like some bottles of orange (橙汁). ②There are some oranges (橙子) in the bag. ③Let’s make some room (腾出空间) for our coming friend. ④We have to do more math exercises (练习题) to improve our math after class. ⑤Doing more exercise (锻炼) is really good for our health. 一、单项选择 1. (2020重庆B卷) I don’t know how to make a speech in public. Can you give me some ______? A. water B. money C. advice D.milk 2．（2021·黑龙江大庆·中考真题）—Can I help you?—Please give me ________ about the trains to Daqing. A.a few informations B．a little informations C．a little information D．a few information 3．（2021·内蒙古·中考真题）In a conversation between two persons, 65% of ________ is done through body language. A．information B．pronunciation C．introduction D．communication 4.（2021·广西河池·中考真题）—Lisa, could you help me buy some ________ on your way home? —OK, mom. A．egg B．beef C．banana D．potato 5.（2020·贵州黔西·中考真题）How much ________ do we need to make a banana milk shake? A．bananas B．apples C．coffee D．milk 6.（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）From my ________ on the top of the TV tower, I can have a perfect view of our city. A．tradition B．condition C．position D．situation 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 7.（2023·湖南永州·中考真题）China plans to pay more attention to scientific （educate）in its primary and middle schools. 8.（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）With the help of a robot, Eddie has no (difficult) cleaning his house. 三、完成句子 9.（2023·重庆九龙坡·一模）知识源于质疑。(完成译句) comes from . 10.（2025·重庆江津·一模）students, thirsty, the, knowledge, are, for (连词成句) . 11.（2020·重庆渝中·模拟预测）我们可以通过大声朗读来改善发音。（完成译句） We can our by reading aloud. 12．（2025·重庆·模拟预测）take, development, in, the, rapid, we, pride (连词成句) . 13.（2025·重庆·二模）without, can’t, finish, my, work, I, help, your (连词成句) . 考点三 名词所有格 名词所有格 1. 有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加’s，其复数形式是s’，如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加’s； 如：一个学生的房间a student’s room; 学生们的房间students’ rooms; 儿童节Children’s Day 2. 表示时间、距离、世界、国家……名词的所有格要用’s； 如：二十分钟的路程 twenty minutes’ walk = a twenty-minute walk 3. 多个名词，表示分别拥有时应分别加’s，表示共同拥有时应在最后一个名词后加’s； 如：丽丽和露西共有的房间Lily and Lucy’s room；露西和丽丽各自的房间Lucy’s and Lily’s rooms 4.无生命名词的所有格用of结构； 如：the capital of our country; the color of the flowers; a photo of my family; a map of the world 5. 双重所有格： 我的一个朋友 a friend of mine = one of my friends 我爸爸的一张照片 a photo of my father’s 我们美好的记忆 wonderful memories of ours 一、单项选择 1. (2024重庆A卷·语法选择) With other ______ help, I did very well. A. teacher B. teacher’s C. teachers’ 2. (2021重庆B卷) June 1st is ______ Day. A. Children B. Children’s C. Child D. Child’s 3. (2022重庆A卷) This year, the family went camping on ______ Day, June 1st. A. Child B. Child’s C. Children D. Children’s 4. （2024·西藏·中考真题）________ father works in the police station. A．Eric and Helen’s B．Eric and Helen C．Eric’s and Helen D．Eric’s and Helen’s 5．（2024·西藏·中考真题）There are many famous ________ in the Chinese history. A．woman hero B．women heroes C．women hero D．woman heroes 6.（2023·湖南郴州·中考真题）My parents took me to the amusement park on ________ Day. There were so many exciting things to do there. A．Children’s B．Children C．Child’s 7．（2021·重庆·中考真题）There are many ________ teachers in this primary school. A．woman B．woman’s C．women D．women’s 8.（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）________ father is a pilot. He has been to many countries around the world. A．Tony and Peter’s B．Tony’s and Peter C．Tony’s and Peter’s 9．（2020·山东青岛·中考真题）—Is this hat ________?—No, the red one is ________. A．Lucy's; her B．Lucy; her C．Lucy's; hers D．Lucy; hers 10.（2025·四川达州·中考真题）—Who left a notebook in the English club? —It’s not ________. Maybe it’s ________. A．me, Jack’s B．mine, Jack’s C．mine, Jack 11.（2021·贵州安顺·中考真题）The movie named A Little Red Flower shows _________ love for their children. A．parents B．parent’s C．parents’ 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 12. （2023·无锡·二模）At the concert, those (music) skills impressed the little boy so much. 13.（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）It is reported that 30 (minute) walk every day is healthy enough. 14.（2024·江苏·中考真题）For further information on (tomorrow)weather conditions, call the hotline below. 15.（2024·四川凉山·中考真题）It’s only five (minute) walk from here, so you needn’t take a bus. 16．（2024·甘肃·中考真题）We had a bad time that day, but the next (day) trip was pretty good. 17．（2023·江苏苏州·中考真题）We offered to look after our (neighbor) dog when she was away. 考点四 名词修饰名词 名词修饰名词 1. 中间一个名词不变，只把后一个名词变成复数； 如：an apple tree—two apple trees; a shoe shop—three shoe shops; a girl friend—some girl friends 2. 前后两个名词都要变复数； 如：a woman teacher—four women teachers; a man doctor—three men doctors 3. 做定语只能用复数的名词。 如：一个运动背包a sports bag；一个服装店a clothes shop 4. 复合形容词的构成：数词加名词构成的形容词（中间有连字符）作定语时，名词常使用单数形式。 a five-year-old boy 一个三岁的男孩，a 500-metre-long rope 一条五百米的绳子 一、单项选择 1. (2021重庆A卷) There are many ______ teachers in this primary school. A. woman B. woman’s C. women D. women’s 2．（2023·巴南·一模）There are about 120 ________ in this hospital. They are very active and patient. A．woman doctors B．women doctors C．women doctor D．woman doctor 3. （2023·甘肃甘南·中考真题）Three fifths of the teachers in our school are ________. A．man teachers B．men teachers C．women teacher 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 4.（2022·内蒙古·中考真题）The development of human (social) depends on not only people’s scientific knowledge but also their creative spirit. 5．（2022·云南·中考真题）Tourists can see many western-style in Shanghai Disneyland. (build) 三、完成句子 6.（2023·重庆永川·一模）我想加入游泳俱乐部。（完成译句） I want to join the . 一、单项选择 1. What’s the difference between animals and ______? A. human B. humans C. person D. persons 2. —Whose room is this? —It’s ______. A. my B. Kobe’s and John’s C. our D. Kobe and John’s 3. I have two ______ and three bottles of ______ here. A. orange; orange B. oranges; oranges C. oranges; orange D. orange; oranges 4. Help yourself to ______. A. chickens and apples B. chickens and apple C. chicken and apple D. chicken and apples 5. Each couple in China can have two ______ from January 1st, 2016. A. boy B. girl C. children D. child 6. Most ______ students in Class 1 are playing football on the playground. A. boy B. boys C. boy’s D. boys’ 7. —It’s hot today. Have some ______, please.—No, thanks. I’m not thirsty at all. A. water B. potatoes C. bread D. cakes 8. —Do you know about the scientist Tu Youyou? —Yes, she won the 2015 Nobel Prize in medicine because of her great ______. A. surprise B. achievement C. education D. satisfaction 9. —Look, the boss is very angry with Alex.—Well, he came late again. But that’s no ______ to shout at him. A. problem B. lesson C. trouble D. reason 10. —Mom, I will eat less fast food this year, believe me.—If you make a ______, you must keep it. A. joke B. noise C. mistake D. promise 二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 11. Wanting to know the ______ (true), he asked a trainer nearby why it was so. 12.Emily had no (choose) but to wait for her mother to open the door. 13. The police ______ (be) responsible to catch ______ (thief). 14. There are many kinds of ______ (fish). My mother bought two ______ (fish) home. 15. Finding the ______ (different) between cultures is much fun. I’d like to keep my eyes and mind open. 三、完形填空。 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Last spring, our class planned a play for the school music festival. I was 16 to be a princess in the play. I was really glad because I had always dreamed of standing on the stage. I valued the 17 and practiced my lines (台词) every day. But during the rehearsal (排练), I was so nervous that every word disappeared from my head. Because of this, I was changed to play a small role, which made me really upset. 18 I didn’t tell my mother what had happened that day, she noticed my unhappiness and asked me if I wanted to take a walk in the garden. It was a lovely spring day. I walked slowly with my mother in the garden. I saw many flowers. 19 roses, there were also some small, unknown but beautiful flowers. My mother pointed at the small flowers and said, “I think I’ll 20 all these small flowers. In this way, we’ll only have beautiful roses in this garden.” “But I also like the small flowers,” I said. “All the flowers are beautiful, even the unknown ones! Each of them plays an important role in making a 21 garden.” My mother looked at me and said 22 , “Yes, every flower gives people pleasure in its own way, doesn’t it?” I nodded. “And the same goes for people, too,” she added. I realized that my mother had 23 why I was upset. “I can’t play a princess any more. I can only play a small role in the play.” I cried and told her the 24 . “But I believe you will be a good performer,” she said. Her words cheered me up. When the play finally came, everyone was amazed at my perfect performance. Thanks to my mother’s encouragement, I understood that 25 had his or her own value in the world. I was proud of my role in the play. 16．A．refused B．chosen C．warned D．punished 17．A．memory B．promise C．chance D．friendship 18．A．Until B．Unless C．Since D．Although 19．A．Besides B．Above C．Without D．Through 20．A．give out B．cut out C．find out D．clear out 21．A．colorful B．clean C．common D．comfortable 22．A．sadly B．seriously C．angrily D．politely 23．A．accepted B．explained C．guessed D．forgotten 24．A．standard B．theme C．victory D．reason 25．A．somebody B．everybody C．anybody D．nobody 四、完成句子 26．去年夏天，他的爸爸亲自教他游泳。（完成译句） His father taught him how to swim last summer. 27．护士给我量了体温，告诉我发烧了。（完成译句） The nurse my , and told me that I had a fever. 28．到目前为止，中国在航天科技领域已经取得了巨大进步。（完成译句） So far, China has great in the field of space technology. 29．没有中国共产党，我们不可能过上如此富裕的生活。（完成译句） We can’t live such a without the Communist Party of China. 30．（2025·重庆九龙坡·二模）《哪吒2》是如此有趣，我想再去看一遍。（完成译句） Ne Zha II is an interesting movie I want to watch it again. 五、概要补全 请根据文章内容，用自己的语言补全阅读报告，在空白处填入1个恰当的短语或句子。 In spring, some people wear light T-shirts while others are in heavy down coats (羽绒服). It seems that people feel different temperatures on the same day. Why does this happen? In fact, people don’t feel air temperatures directly. It is through the sensors (传感器) on our skin that we can feel cold, cool, warm, and hot temperatures. They help us decide whether to wear more or fewer clothes. When our bodies are the same size, how much body fat we have may be different and it will influence how we feel temperatures. The more body fat one has, the warmer he or she feels. This is because the fat under the skin helps keep heat. For example, old people often feel colder than young people as the fat layers (层) under the skin get thinner with age. Surprisingly, another reason is height. We need blood to move around our bodies to keep us warm. Since most people’s hearts are about the same size, it takes more time and energy for the blood to move around in taller people. So taller people might feel colder. Metabolism (新陈代谢) also influences how we feel temperatures. It shows how fast our bodies use energy. People with a higher metabolism always feel hotter than others. This is because they produce more heat and may take more time to cool down. For example, people with more muscles (肌肉) often feel warmer. A Report Hello, everyone! Recently I’ve read an interesting article about 31 . Actually we feel air temperatures through sensors on our skin instead of 32 . Body fat can influence how warm we feel—the more body fat we have, the warmer we feel. Old people’s fat layers get thinner with age, 33 . Also, height is another reason. Taller people may feel colder because it takes more efforts for the blood to move around their bodies to keep them warm. What’s more, how we feel temperatures 34 . People with more muscles have higher metabolism. As a result, they produce more heat and they always feel warmer than others. Therefore, next time you see someone wearing a T-shirt while you’re in a down coat, don’t be so surprised! 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 名词 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 2 03 考点通关·靶向突破 3 ★ 考点一 可数名词 3 ★ 考点二 不可数名词 8 ★ 考点三 名词所有格 11 ★ 考点四 名词修饰名词 15 04 优题精选·练能提分 16 名词 课程分析 考情剖析 重庆中考名词考查稳定在语法选择、完形、完成句子、概要补全，核心是单复数、不可数名词、所有格、名词作定语，分值约3-5分，命题走向语境化、综合化、本土情境，难度7:2:1。分值与占比：名词为高频基础考点，在词法中占比高，整套试卷中名词相关约3-5分，分散在语法选择（10分中约1题）、完形填空（1-2空）、词汇运用（1-2空）、完成句子（1-2空）。 命题预测 1. 题型不变，考法更活：语法选择和完成句子为核心，题干会融入重庆本土情境（如火锅、洪崖洞、长江索道等话题），考查在真实场景中用名词的能力。 2. 考点聚焦“三核心”：单复数（含不规则）、不可数名词用量词、所有格，新增“名词作定语”的灵活考查（如sports bag），减少孤立考规则，强调语篇中判断。 3. 跨话题与跨学科：融入科技（AI、环保）、文化（传统节日）等热点，要求区分topic（可数）、news（不可数）等，兼顾语言运用与思维品质。 4. 双重所有格与集合名词：双重所有格（a friend of mine）、集合名词（class、team）的主谓一致考查概率上升，突出“语言运用”导向。 解题锦囊 1. 抓基础：熟记单复数规则+不规则清单（如negro/hero/potato/tomato加es）、高频不可数名词表（news/advice/weather/information等）、所有格用法口诀（有生命加’s/’，时间距离加’s，共同最后加’s）。 2. 练语境：在完形、完成句子里练“先辨词义，再定词形”，重点练可数/不可数转换、名词作定语的复数变化。 3. 攻易错：整理错题本，专项突破不规则复数、man/woman修饰名词、共同/分别所有格这三类易错点。 4. 融本土：结合重庆特色话题（美食、景点、文化）造句，强化在真实情境中的能力。 考点一 可数名词 可数名词有单复数之分，可数名词单数一般要与冠词 a/an 或 the 连用。 1. 一般情况直接加“s”，如：pens, doctors, boys—boys; toy—toys. 2. 以s/x/ch/sh结尾的名词后面加es. 如：bus—buses, box—boxes, watch—watches, brush—brushes. 3. 以辅字母加y结尾的名词，要将y变为i再加es. 如：factory—factories; country—countries. 【注意】以元音字母加y结尾的词的复数形式只加s，如：boy—boys 4. 以o结尾的名词的复数无生命的加s，有生命的加es. 如：photo—photos; piano—pianos; zoo—zoos; radio—radios. 【注意】特殊的单词有：negro, hero, potato, tomato.黑人英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿 5. 以f或fe结尾的名词的复数形式要将f或fe变为v再加es. 如：leaf—leaves; thief—thieves; life—lives; self—selves 6. 不规则：如：man—men; woman—women; child—children; foot—feet; tooth—teeth; mouse—mice; 7. 单复数同形：fish—fish; sheep—sheep; deer—deer. 【注意】(A) fish表示鱼肉意思时为不可数，表示鱼的种类时才会用fishes. (B) 表示某个国家的人变复数的规则：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面 Chinese—Chinese, Japanese—Japanese, Englishman—Englishmen; Frenchman—Frenchmen; German—Germans 8. 单数形式但其意为复数的名词有：people, police等。谓语动词用复数. 9. 集合名词如family, class, team强调整体时谓语动词用单数，强调成员时谓语动词用复数. 【易错积累】 写出以下名词对应的复数形式。 bus— ; box— ; watch— ; family— ; toy— ; monkey— ; month— ; mouth— ; self— ; life— ; tomato— ; photo— ; zoo— ; tooth— ; foot— ; mouse— ; sheep— ; Chinese— ; German— ; Frenchman— 【答案与解析】 bus—buses; box—boxes; watch—watches; family—families; toy—toys; monkey—monkeys; month—months; mouth—mouths; self—selves; life—lives; tomato—tomatoes; photo—photos; zoo—zoos; tooth—teeth; foot—feet; mouse—mice; sheep—sheep; Chinese—Chinese; German—Germans; Frenchman—Frenchmen 一、单项选择 1. (2024重庆B卷·语法选择) These days, she has a new ______. A. hobby B. hobbies C. hobby’s 【答案】A 【解析】a后接可数名词单数，hobby为单数形式，hobbies是复数，hobby’s是所有格，均不符合。 2. （2023·湖南·中考真题）Yueyang is one of the top 10 most beautiful ________ in China this year. A．city B．cities C．citys 【答案】B 【详解】句意：岳阳是今年中国十大最美丽的城市之一。 考查名词复数。one of+最高级+名词复数，表示“……中最……之一”，固定句型，可排除A选项；city的复数形式为cities。故选B。 3. (2023重庆A卷·语法选择) It is famous for its hot pot and ______. A. noodle B. noodles C. noodles’ 【答案】B 【解析】noodle表示“面条”时常用复数形式noodles，此处与hot pot并列，用复数即可，无需所有格。 4. (2023重庆B卷·语法选择) I will take some ______ of the dishes to share with you. A. picture B. pictures C. picture’s 【答案】B 【解析】some后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，picture是可数名词，故用复数pictures。 5. (2020重庆A卷) Would you send me some ______ of yours? I miss you very much! A. magazines B. photos C. money 【答案】B 【解析】结合“miss you”的语境，是想要对方的照片，photos意为“照片”；magazines“杂志”、money“钱”、不符合情感表达。 6.（2021·广西百色·中考真题）Uncle Li has a farm, there are some________ on the farm. A．chicken and sheep B．chickens and sheeps C．chickens and sheep D．chicken and sheeps 【答案】C 【详解】句意：李叔叔有一个农场，在农场上有一些鸡和羊。 考查名词复数的用法。根据“there are some…on the farm”可知，农场上会有鸡和羊。some后接不可数名词或可数名词的复数形式，chicken鸡，复数形式是chickens；sheep羊，复数形式是sheep，故选C。 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 7.（2024·江苏·中考真题）Every year, Yangzhou offers a magical and special experience for its . (tour) 【答案】tourists 【详解】句意：每年，扬州都会为游客提供一次神奇而特殊的体验。tour“旅行”，此处指为游客提供神奇而特殊的体验，应为tourist“游客”，游客不止一人，故用其复数形式。故填tourists。 8.（2023·云南·中考真题）We’re going to make vegetable salad. How many do we need? (tomato) 【答案】tomatoes 【详解】句意：我们要做蔬菜沙拉。我们需要多少西红柿？tomato“西红柿”，可数名词，how many后加可数名词复数，故填tomatoes。 9．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）There are many (sheep) eating grass over there. 【答案】sheep 【详解】句意：那边有许多羊在吃草。根据“many”可知，其后面接名词复数，sheep“绵羊”，其复数还是“sheep”，故填sheep。 10.（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）China’s Communist Youth League (中国共产主义青年团) has around 74.17 million (member). 【答案】members 【详解】句意：中国共产主义青年团约有7417万名成员。member“成员”，可数名词，被74.17 million修饰，用其复数形式。故填members。 11.（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）Last winter holiday, we met some (German) in Harbin. They liked Harbin so much. 【答案】Germans 【详解】句意：去年寒假，我们在哈尔滨遇到了一些德国人。他们非常喜欢哈尔滨。根据“They liked Harbin so much.”可知此处指人，德国人，some后接复数。German复数加s。故填Germans。 12.（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）Working as a team means celebrating （victory）and facing losses together. 【答案】victories 【详解】句意：作为团队一起工作意味着一起庆祝胜利和面对失败。动词“celebrating”后缺宾语，根据“and facing losses”可知表达庆祝胜利，是复数概念，用复数名词“victories”。故填victories。 三、完成句子 13.（2025·重庆·中考真题）to be, want, a writer, I, in the future（连词成句） . 【答案】I want to be a writer in the future 【详解】根据标点符号可知该句为陈述句。分析所给单词，I作主语，want作谓语；to be作宾语；a writer作表语；in the future作时间状语。故答案为：I want to be a writer in the future“将来我要成为一名作家”。 14.（2025·重庆九龙坡·一模）allowed, drive; to, not,16-year-olds, be, should (连词成句) . 【答案】16-year-olds should not be allowed to drive 【详解】根据所给词及标点可知，此句为否定句；16-year-olds作主语；should，情态动词，后接not构成否定句；be allowed to do sth.“被允许做某事”；drive“开车”。故填16-year-olds should not be allowed to drive“16岁的孩子不应该被允许开车”。 15.（2025·重庆·模拟预测）have, a, movie, seen, they, already, such, good  (连词成句) . 【答案】They have already seen such a good movie 【详解】根据所给词及标点可知，此处为陈述句；they“他们”，句首首字母大写；have already seen“已经看过”；such a good movie“这么好的一部电影”。故填They have already seen such a good movie“他们已经看过这么好的一部电影了”。 16.（2022·重庆九龙坡·一模）你不是小孩子了，你应该对你所有的选择和决定负责。（完成译句） You are not a child now. You should be responsible for all of your and . 【答案】 choices decisions 【详解】选择：choice；决定：decision；都是可数名词，在all of后面用复数形式。故填choices；decisions。 17.（2023·重庆·一模）加入社团是一个很好的交友方式。（完成译句） a club is a good way to make . 【答案】Joining friends 【详解】结合中英文提示及空格数可知，此处缺“加入”，join，动词，动词不能作主语，变成动名词形式joining，且此空位于句首，首字母要大写。“交朋友”的英文表达为“make friends”，为固定短语。故填Joining；friends。 18.（2025·重庆沙坪坝·一模）teenagers, allowed, be, should, not, smoke, to (连词成句) 【答案】Teenagers should not be allowed to smoke./Should teenagers not be allowed to smoke? 【详解】根据所给词可知，此句可以是陈述句也可以是一般疑问句；teenagers“青少年”，主语；should not“不应该”，后接动词原形；be allowed to do sth.“被允许做某事”；smoke“吸烟”；一般疑问句时，应将情态动词should放置句首；句首首字母应大写。故填Teenagers should not be allowed to smoke.“青少年不应该被允许吸烟。”/Should teenagers not be allowed to smoke?“青少年不应该被允许吸烟吗？” 19.（2025·重庆沙坪坝·一模）mistakes, people, from, learn, smart  (连词成句) . 【答案】Smart people learn from mistakes 【详解】根据所给标点可知，本句为陈述句。分析所给单词，people“人们”作主语；smart“聪明的”形容词作定语修饰people；learn from“向……学习”作谓语；mistakes“错误”作宾语。本句时态为一般现在时，主语为复数形式，动词用原形。故填Smart people learn from mistakes“聪明人从错误中学习”。 考点二 不可数名词 不可数名词的数 1. 常见的不可数名词有：news/advice/weather/information/work/homework/bread.. 2. 不可数名词前可以加量词来表示数量a glass/cup/bottle/piece/bag/basket of，谓语动词由数量词决定。 ①There is no special news in today’s newspaper. ②There are some pieces of interesting news in today’s newspaper. 3. 既可数又不可数的词：（glass/orange/room/fish/exercise/experience...） ①We’re so thirsty. We’d like some bottles of orange (橙汁). ②There are some oranges (橙子) in the bag. ③Let’s make some room (腾出空间) for our coming friend. ④We have to do more math exercises (练习题) to improve our math after class. ⑤Doing more exercise (锻炼) is really good for our health. 一、单项选择 1. (2020重庆B卷) I don’t know how to make a speech in public. Can you give me some ______? A. water B. money C. advice D.milk 【答案】C 【解析】询问如何公开演讲，需要的是建议，advice意为“建议”；water“水”、money“钱”均无关。 2．（2021·黑龙江大庆·中考真题）—Can I help you?—Please give me ________ about the trains to Daqing. A． a few informations B．a little informations C．a little information D．a few information 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我可以帮到你吗？——请告诉我一些去大庆的火车的情况。 考查不定代词及不可数名词。a few一些，修饰可数名词；a little一点，修饰不可数名词。information是不可数名词，无复数形式，排除A和B选项。修饰不可数名词用a little，故选C。 3．（2021·内蒙古·中考真题）In a conversation between two persons, 65% of ________ is done through body language. A．information B．pronunciation C．introduction D．communication 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在两个人的对话中，65%的交流是通过肢体语言进行的。 考查名词辨析。information信息；pronunciation发音；introduction介绍；communication交流；根据“In a conversation between two persons”以及“through body language”可知，此处指的是“交流”中65%是肢体语言，故选D。 4.（2021·广西河池·中考真题）—Lisa, could you help me buy some ________ on your way home? —OK, mom. A．egg B．beef C．banana D．potato 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Lisa，你能在回家的路上帮我买些牛肉吗？——好的，妈妈。 考查名词辨析。egg鸡蛋，可数名词；beef牛肉，不可数名词；banana香蕉，可数名词；potato土豆，可数名词。some修饰可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词，ACD都应该用其复数形式，排除ACD，故选B。 5.（2020·贵州黔西·中考真题）How much ________ do we need to make a banana milk shake? A．bananas B．apples C．coffee D．milk 【答案】D 【详解】句意：做香蕉奶昔需要多少牛奶？ 考查名词。bananas香蕉；apples苹果；coffee咖啡；milk牛奶。根据句中make a banana milk shake提示，做香蕉奶昔要用到香蕉和牛奶，故B、C选项可排除。How much意为“多少”，后接不可数名词，故选D。 6.（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）From my ________ on the top of the TV tower, I can have a perfect view of our city. A．tradition B．condition C．position D．situation 【答案】C 【详解】句意：从我在电视塔顶部的位置，我可以完美地看到我们的城市。 考查名词辨析。tradition传统；condition条件；position位置；situation形式，情况。根据“on the top of the TV tower,”可知，此处是要表示一个位置。故选C。 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 7.（2023·湖南永州·中考真题）China plans to pay more attention to scientific （educate）in its primary and middle schools. 【答案】education 【详解】句意：中国计划更加重视中小学的科学教育。educate“教育”，动词。此处位于形容词scientific后，应用名词education。故填education。 8.（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）With the help of a robot, Eddie has no (difficult) cleaning his house. 【答案】difficulty 【详解】句意：在机器人的帮助下，埃迪毫不费力地打扫了他的房子。have no difficulty (in) doing sth“做某事没有困难”，故填difficulty。 三、完成句子 9.（2023·重庆九龙坡·一模）知识源于质疑。(完成译句) comes from . 【答案】 Knowledge questioning 【详解】根据所给汉语提示可知第一个空表示的是“知识”，英语表达为knowledge，位于句首首字母大写；根据所给汉语提示可知第二个空表示的是“质疑”，英语表达为question，且“from”后要用动名词，故要用questioning。故填Knowledge；questioning。 10.（2025·重庆江津·一模）students, thirsty, the, knowledge, are, for (连词成句) . 【答案】The students are thirsty for knowledge 【详解】根据所给单词及标点可知，本句为陈述句，时态为一般现在时，the students作主语，are thirsty for作谓语，knowledge作宾语。故填The students are thirsty for knowledge“学生们渴望知识”。 11.（2020·重庆渝中·模拟预测）我们可以通过大声朗读来改善发音。（完成译句） We can our by reading aloud. 【答案】improve pronunciation 【详解】情态动词can后面用动词原形，动词“改善”用improve；宾语“发音”用不可数名词pronunciation。故答案为improve和pronunciation。 12．（2025·重庆·模拟预测）take, development, in, the, rapid, we, pride (连词成句) . 【答案】We take pride in the rapid development 【详解】根据所给词汇和标点可知是肯定句。主语是we；动词短语是take pride in作谓语；宾语是the rapid development，形容词rapid修饰名词development。故填We take pride in the rapid development“我们为快速发展感到自豪”。 13.（2025·重庆·二模）without, can’t, finish, my, work, I, help, your (连词成句) . 【答案】I can’t finish my work without your help 【详解】根据所给词汇以及标点可知，此句是否定句；I“我”，作主语；can’t finish“不能完成”，为谓语；my work“我的工作”，作宾语；without your help“没有你的帮助”。故填I can’t finish my work without your help“没有你的帮助，我无法完成我的工作”。 考点三 名词所有格 名词所有格 1. 有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加’s，其复数形式是s’，如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加’s； 如：一个学生的房间a student’s room; 学生们的房间students’ rooms; 儿童节Children’s Day 2. 表示时间、距离、世界、国家……名词的所有格要用’s； 如：二十分钟的路程 twenty minutes’ walk = a twenty-minute walk 3. 多个名词，表示分别拥有时应分别加’s，表示共同拥有时应在最后一个名词后加’s； 如：丽丽和露西共有的房间Lily and Lucy’s room；露西和丽丽各自的房间Lucy’s and Lily’s rooms 4.无生命名词的所有格用of结构； 如：the capital of our country; the color of the flowers; a photo of my family; a map of the world 5. 双重所有格： 我的一个朋友 a friend of mine = one of my friends 我爸爸的一张照片 a photo of my father’s 我们美好的记忆 wonderful memories of ours 一、单项选择 1. (2024重庆A卷·语法选择) With other ______ help, I did very well. A. teacher B. teacher’s C. teachers’ 【答案】C 【解析】other后接可数名词复数teachers，此处表示“其他老师们的帮助”，需用名词所有格teachers’。 2. (2021重庆B卷) June 1st is ______ Day. A. Children B. Children’s C. Child D. Child’s 【答案】B 【解析】Children’s Day是固定搭配，意为“儿童节”，用复数名词的所有格。 3. (2022重庆A卷) This year, the family went camping on ______ Day, June 1st. A. Child B. Child’s C. Children D. Children’s 【答案】D 【解析】Children’s Day是固定表达，意为“儿童节”，用复数名词的所有格形式。 4. （2024·西藏·中考真题）________ father works in the police station. A．Eric and Helen’s B．Eric and Helen C．Eric’s and Helen D．Eric’s and Helen’s 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Eric和Helen的爸爸在警察局工作。 考查名词所有格。此空修饰名词father，应用名词所有格，排除B选项；father是单数，此处表示两个人共同的父亲，在最后一个人名后加’s，故选A。 5．（2024·西藏·中考真题）There are many famous ________ in the Chinese history. A．woman hero B．women heroes C．women hero D．woman heroes 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国历史上有许多著名的女英雄。 考查名词复数。含有woman修饰名词时，变为复数时，需要将woman和所修饰词一起变为复数；hero的复数是heroes，因此women heroes符合句意，故选B。 6.（2023·湖南郴州·中考真题）My parents took me to the amusement park on ________ Day. There were so many exciting things to do there. A．Children’s B．Children C．Child’s 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的父母在儿童节带我去了游乐园。在那里有很多令人兴奋的事情可做。 考查名词所有格。根据“My parents took me to the amusement park on…Day.”及结合选项可知，此处表示“儿童节”，children“孩子们”，修饰名词Day应该用其所有格形式。故选A。 7．（2021·重庆·中考真题）There are many ________ teachers in this primary school. A．woman B．woman’s C．women D．women’s 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这所小学有许多女教师。 考查复合名词的复数。many修饰名词复数，woman作定语时，woman与被修饰的名词都要变复数，women teachers女教师，故选C。 8.（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）________ father is a pilot. He has been to many countries around the world. A．Tony and Peter’s B．Tony’s and Peter C．Tony’s and Peter’s 【答案】A 【详解】句意：托尼和彼得的爸爸是飞行员。他去过世界上许多国家。 考查名词所有格。根据“father”可知，此处指两个人共有的爸爸，在后一个人名后加’s，故选A。 9．（2020·山东青岛·中考真题）—Is this hat ________?—No, the red one is ________. A．Lucy's; her B．Lucy; her C．Lucy's; hers D．Lucy; hers 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这顶帽子是露西的吗？——不是，红色的是她的。 考查所有格和代词用法。Lucy露西，人名；Lucy's露西的，-'s所有格；her她的，形容词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词。问句中空格后没有名词，故应用-'s所有格表示所有关系，即露西的帽子；答语空格后没有名词，故应用名词性物主代词hers代指her hat。故选C。 10.（2025·四川达州·中考真题）—Who left a notebook in the English club? —It’s not ________. Maybe it’s ________. A．me, Jack’s B．mine, Jack’s C．mine, Jack 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——谁把笔记本落在英语俱乐部了？——它不是我的，可能是杰克的。 考查代词辨析和名词所有格。me我，人称代词宾格；mine我的，名词性物主代词；Jack’s杰克的；Jack杰克。根据“It’s not”可知，第一空需用名词性物主代词mine作表语，表示“笔记本不是我的”，故排除选项A；根据“Maybe it’s”可知，此处表示“可能是杰克的”，故第二空用“Jack’s”（= Jack’s notebook）表示所属关系。故选B。 11.（2021·贵州安顺·中考真题）The movie named A Little Red Flower shows _________ love for their children. A．parents B．parent’s C．parents’ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：电影《送你一朵小红花》展现了父母对孩子的爱。 考查所有格。此处表达的是“父母的爱”，parents是以s结尾的复数名词，所有格直接加’即可，故选C。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 12. （2023·无锡·二模）At the concert, those (music) skills impressed the little boy so much. 【答案】musicians’ 【详解】句意：在音乐会上，那些音乐家的技巧给小男孩留下了深刻的印象。music表示“音乐”，空后是名词“技巧”，结合语境可知，是指音乐家的演奏技巧，musician“音乐家”，those后加名词复数，此处应用名词复数所有格形式修饰名词skills，故填musicians’。 13.（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）It is reported that 30 (minute) walk every day is healthy enough. 【答案】minutes’ 【详解】句意：据报道，每天步行30分钟就足够健康了。minute“分钟”，可数名词，被30修饰，用其复数形式。此处指30分钟的步行，故用复数名词所有格minutes’，作定语修饰walk。故填minutes’。 14.（2024·江苏·中考真题）For further information on (tomorrow)weather conditions, call the hotline below. 【答案】tomorrow’s 【详解】句意：有关明天天气状况的更多信息，请拨打以下热线。tomorrow“明天”，名词所有格作定语。故填tomorrow’s。 15.（2024·四川凉山·中考真题）It’s only five (minute) walk from here, so you needn’t take a bus. 【答案】minutes’ 【详解】句意：从这里步行只有五分钟，所以你不必乘公共汽车。根据five可知，此空应填复数形式，修饰名词所有格，用’s格。故填minutes’。 16．（2024·甘肃·中考真题）We had a bad time that day, but the next (day) trip was pretty good. 【答案】day’s 【详解】句意：那天我们过得很糟糕，但第二天的旅行相当不错。day “一天”，名词。此处指第二天的旅行，用单数名词所有格day’s，作定语修饰名词trip。故填day’s。 17．（2023·江苏苏州·中考真题）We offered to look after our (neighbor) dog when she was away. 【答案】neighbor’s 【详解】句意：邻居不在的时候，我们主动提出要照顾她的狗。“邻居的”用名词所有格，结合she可知特指这一个邻居，用单数所有格neighbour’s/neighbor’s。故填neighbour’s/neighbor’s。 考点四 名词修饰名词 名词修饰名词 1. 中间一个名词不变，只把后一个名词变成复数； 如：an apple tree—two apple trees; a shoe shop—three shoe shops; a girl friend—some girl friends 2. 前后两个名词都要变复数； 如：a woman teacher—four women teachers; a man doctor—three men doctors 3. 做定语只能用复数的名词。 如：一个运动背包a sports bag；一个服装店a clothes shop 4. 复合形容词的构成：数词加名词构成的形容词（中间有连字符）作定语时，名词常使用单数形式。 a five-year-old boy 一个三岁的男孩，a 500-metre-long rope 一条五百米的绳子 一、单项选择 1. (2021重庆A卷) There are many ______ teachers in this primary school. A. woman B. woman’s C. women D. women’s 【答案】C 【详解】woman作定语修饰复数名词teachers时，自身需用复数形式women。 2．（2023·巴南·一模）There are about 120 ________ in this hospital. They are very active and patient. A．woman doctors B．women doctors C．women doctor D．woman doctor 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这家医院大约有120名女医生。他们非常积极和耐心。 考查复合名词变复数。根据其前的are和120，可知其后需要可数名词的复数形式；doctor的复数形式为doctors，doctor前有man或woman修饰时，变复数时需要把两个词都变为复数形式，“女医生们”应该为women doctors。故选B。 3. （2023·甘肃甘南·中考真题）Three fifths of the teachers in our school are ________. A．man teachers B．men teachers C．women teacher 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们学校五分之三的教师是男教师。 考查名词复数。根据“Three fifths of the teachers in our school”可知此处用名词复数，man/woman teacher的复数是men/women teachers。故选B。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 4.（2022·内蒙古·中考真题）The development of human (social) depends on not only people’s scientific knowledge but also their creative spirit. 【答案】society 【详解】句意：人类社会的发展不仅依赖于人们的科学知识，更依赖于人们的创造精神。结合“The development of human...depends on not only people’s scientific knowledge but also their creative spirit.”可知，此处指的是“人类社会”，应用名词society“社会”，故填society。 5．（2022·云南·中考真题）Tourists can see many western-style in Shanghai Disneyland. (build) 【答案】buildings 【详解】句意：游客可以在上海迪士尼乐园看到许多西式建筑。 根据“Tourists can see many western-style”可知，此处指西式建筑，building“建筑”，many修饰可数名词的复数形式，故填buildings。 三、完成句子 6.（2023·重庆永川·一模）我想加入游泳俱乐部。（完成译句） I want to join the . 【答案】 swimming club 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，缺少内容“游泳俱乐部”swimming club，动名词作定语修饰名词club。故填swimming；club。 一、单项选择 1. What’s the difference between animals and ______? A. human B. humans C. person D. persons 【答案】B 【解析】表示“人类”时，human的复数形式为humans；person强调个体，复数persons不用于此语境，故选B。 2. —Whose room is this? —It’s ______. A. my B. Kobe’s and John’s C. our D. Kobe and John’s 【答案】D 【解析】room为单数，说明是两人共有房间，共同拥有的所有格在最后一个名词后加’s；Kobe’s and John’s表示分别拥有（房间不止一个），my/our为形容词性物主代词，后需接名词，故选D。 3. I have two ______ and three bottles of ______ here. A. orange; orange B. oranges; oranges C. oranges; orange D. orange; oranges 【答案】C 【解析】第一空two后接可数名词复数，orange表“橙子”时可数，用oranges；第二空three bottles of后接orange表“橙汁”，为不可数名词，用原形，故选C。 4. Help yourself to ______. A. chickens and apples B. chickens and apple C. chicken and apple D. chicken and apples 【答案】D 【解析】chicken表“鸡肉”时不可数，用原形；apple为可数名词，需用复数apples，故选D。 5. Each couple in China can have two ______ from January 1st, 2016. A. boy B. girl C. children D. child 【答案】C 【解析】two后接可数名词复数，boy/girl/child为单数，children是child的复数形式，故选C。 6. Most ______ students in Class 1 are playing football on the playground. A. boy B. boys C. boy’s D. boys’ 【答案】A 【解析】名词作定语时，boy修饰student，变复数只变中心词student，boy用单数形式，故选A。 7. —It’s hot today. Have some ______, please.—No, thanks. I’m not thirsty at all. A. water B. potatoes C. bread D. cakes 【答案】A 【解析】根据答语“不渴”，可知空格处为饮品，water是不可数名词表“水”；potatoes（土豆）、bread（面包）、cakes（蛋糕）均非饮品，故选A。 8. —Do you know about the scientist Tu Youyou? —Yes, she won the 2015 Nobel Prize in medicine because of her great ______. A. surprise B. achievement C. education D. satisfaction 【答案】B 【解析】surprise（惊喜）、achievement（成就）、education（教育）、satisfaction（满意），屠呦呦获诺贝尔奖是因为医学成就，故选B。 9. —Look, the boss is very angry with Alex.—Well, he came late again. But that’s no ______ to shout at him. A. problem B. lesson C. trouble D. reason 【答案】D 【解析】no reason to do sth.（没有理由做某事）为固定搭配；problem（问题）、lesson（课）、trouble（麻烦）均不符合，故选D。 10. —Mom, I will eat less fast food this year, believe me.—If you make a ______, you must keep it. A. joke B. noise C. mistake D. promise 【答案】D 【解析】make a promise（承诺）为固定搭配；joke（玩笑）、noise（噪音）、mistake（错误）均不符合语境，故选D。 二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 11. Wanting to know the ______ (true), he asked a trainer nearby why it was so. 【答案】truth 【解析】the后接名词，true的名词形式为truth，意为“真相”。 12.Emily had no (choose) but to wait for her mother to open the door. 【答案】choice 【详解】句意：Emily除了等待她母亲开门别无选择。根据语境及句子成分可知，设空处需填入名词作宾语。choose“选择”，动词，其名词形式为choice。have no choice but to do sth.“别无选择，只能做某事”。故填choice。 13. The police ______ (be) responsible to catch ______ (thief). 【答案】are; thieves 【解析】police表“警方”，为集合名词，谓语动词用are；thief的复数为thieves（f结尾变ves）。 14. There are many kinds of ______ (fish). My mother bought two ______ (fish) home. 【答案】fish; fish 【解析】many kinds of后接fish表“鱼的种类”，用fishes也可（此处用fish也对，单复数同形）；two fish表“两条鱼”，fish单复数同形（表数量）。 15. Finding the ______ (different) between cultures is much fun. I’d like to keep my eyes and mind open. 【答案】differences 【解析】the后接名词，different的名词形式为difference，此处表“多种差异”，用复数differences。 三、完形填空。 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Last spring, our class planned a play for the school music festival. I was 16 to be a princess in the play. I was really glad because I had always dreamed of standing on the stage. I valued the 17 and practiced my lines (台词) every day. But during the rehearsal (排练), I was so nervous that every word disappeared from my head. Because of this, I was changed to play a small role, which made me really upset. 18 I didn’t tell my mother what had happened that day, she noticed my unhappiness and asked me if I wanted to take a walk in the garden. It was a lovely spring day. I walked slowly with my mother in the garden. I saw many flowers. 19 roses, there were also some small, unknown but beautiful flowers. My mother pointed at the small flowers and said, “I think I’ll 20 all these small flowers. In this way, we’ll only have beautiful roses in this garden.” “But I also like the small flowers,” I said. “All the flowers are beautiful, even the unknown ones! Each of them plays an important role in making a 21 garden.” My mother looked at me and said 22 , “Yes, every flower gives people pleasure in its own way, doesn’t it?” I nodded. “And the same goes for people, too,” she added. I realized that my mother had 23 why I was upset. “I can’t play a princess any more. I can only play a small role in the play.” I cried and told her the 24 . “But I believe you will be a good performer,” she said. Her words cheered me up. When the play finally came, everyone was amazed at my perfect performance. Thanks to my mother’s encouragement, I understood that 25 had his or her own value in the world. I was proud of my role in the play. 16．A．refused B．chosen C．warned D．punished 17．A．memory B．promise C．chance D．friendship 18．A．Until B．Unless C．Since D．Although 19．A．Besides B．Above C．Without D．Through 20．A．give out B．cut out C．find out D．clear out 21．A．colorful B．clean C．common D．comfortable 22．A．sadly B．seriously C．angrily D．politely 23．A．accepted B．explained C．guessed D．forgotten 24．A．standard B．theme C．victory D．reason 25．A．somebody B．everybody C．anybody D．nobody 【答案】 16．B 17．C 18．D 19．A 20．D 21．A 22．B 23．C 24．D 25．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在校园音乐节排练中因紧张失去主要角色，通过母亲的花园比喻重拾信心，最终完美演出的故事。 16．句意：我被选为剧中的公主。 refused拒绝；chosen选择；warned警告；punished惩罚。根据“I was really glad because I had always dreamed of standing on the stage”可知，作者因被选中而高兴。故选B。 17．句意：我很珍惜这个机会，每天练习台词。 memory记忆；promise承诺；chance机会；friendship友谊。根据“practiced my lines (台词) every day”可知，作者重视这次演出机会。故选C。 18．句意：尽管那天我没有告诉母亲发生了什么，但她注意到我的不开心。 Until直到；Unless除非；Since因为；Although虽然。根据“I didn’t tell my mother what had happened that day”和“she noticed my unhappiness and asked me if I wanted to take a walk in the garden”可知，前后句为转折关系，应用although引导让步状语从句，故选D。 19．句意：除了玫瑰，还有一些不知名但美丽的小花。 Besides除了；Above在……上方；Without没有；Through通过。根据“there were also some small, unknown but beautiful flowers”可知，花园里除了玫瑰还有其他的小花，故选A。 20．句意：我想我会把这些小花都清除掉。 give out分发；cut out剪掉；find out发现；clear out清除。根据“we’ll only have beautiful roses”可知，母亲假装要把所有的小花都清除掉，只留下玫瑰。故选D。 21．句意：每一朵花都在打造一个多彩的花园中扮演着重要的角色。 colorful多彩的；clean干净的；common普通的；comfortable舒适的。根据“All the flowers are beautiful”可知，强调花园的色彩丰富。故选A。 22．句意：母亲看着我，认真地说：“是的，每一朵花都以其独特的方式给人带来愉悦，不是吗？” sadly悲伤地；seriously认真地；angrily生气地；politely礼貌地。根据“Yes, every flower gives people pleasure in its own way, doesn’t it?”可知，母亲在认真地和作者说话，故选B。 23．句意：我意识到母亲猜到了我难过的原因。 accepted接受；explained解释；guessed猜测；forgotten忘记。根据上文“she noticed my unhappiness”可知，母亲是通过观察推测的。故选C。 24．句意：我哭着告诉了她原因。 standard标准；theme主题；victory胜利；reason原因。根据前文“why I was upset”可知，此处指解释原因。故选D。 25．句意：多亏了母亲的鼓励，我明白了每个人在世界上都有自己的价值。 somebody某人；everybody每个人；anybody任何人；nobody没有人。根据“I was proud of my role in the play.”可知，作者明白了每个人都有自己的价值，故选B。 四、完成句子 26．去年夏天，他的爸爸亲自教他游泳。（完成译句） His father taught him how to swim last summer. 【答案】 in person 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空格处为“亲自”in person，介词短语。故填in；person。 27．护士给我量了体温，告诉我发烧了。（完成译句） The nurse my , and told me that I had a fever. 【答案】 took temperature 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“量体温”，take one’s temperature表示“量体温”；由“and told”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式。故填took；temperature。 28．到目前为止，中国在航天科技领域已经取得了巨大进步。（完成译句） So far, China has great in the field of space technology. 【答案】 made progress 【详解】空处缺少“取得进步”，其英文为make progress；空一处需用过去分词made，与助动词has构成现在完成时。故填made；progress。 29．没有中国共产党，我们不可能过上如此富裕的生活。（完成译句） We can’t live such a without the Communist Party of China. 【答案】 rich life 【详解】富裕的：rich，形容词，作定语；生活：life，名词，因之前有不定冠词a修饰，故名词应用单数形式。故填rich；life。 30．（2025·重庆九龙坡·二模）《哪吒2》是如此有趣，我想再去看一遍。（完成译句） Ne Zha II is an interesting movie I want to watch it again. 【答案】 such that 【详解】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“如此……以至于”，根据空后的名词短语“an interesting movie”可知，此处应用such…that“如此……以至于”引导结果状语从句。故填such；that。 五、概要补全 请根据文章内容，用自己的语言补全阅读报告，在空白处填入1个恰当的短语或句子。 In spring, some people wear light T-shirts while others are in heavy down coats (羽绒服). It seems that people feel different temperatures on the same day. Why does this happen? In fact, people don’t feel air temperatures directly. It is through the sensors (传感器) on our skin that we can feel cold, cool, warm, and hot temperatures. They help us decide whether to wear more or fewer clothes. When our bodies are the same size, how much body fat we have may be different and it will influence how we feel temperatures. The more body fat one has, the warmer he or she feels. This is because the fat under the skin helps keep heat. For example, old people often feel colder than young people as the fat layers (层) under the skin get thinner with age. Surprisingly, another reason is height. We need blood to move around our bodies to keep us warm. Since most people’s hearts are about the same size, it takes more time and energy for the blood to move around in taller people. So taller people might feel colder. Metabolism (新陈代谢) also influences how we feel temperatures. It shows how fast our bodies use energy. People with a higher metabolism always feel hotter than others. This is because they produce more heat and may take more time to cool down. For example, people with more muscles (肌肉) often feel warmer. A Report Hello, everyone! Recently I’ve read an interesting article about 31 . Actually we feel air temperatures through sensors on our skin instead of 32 . Body fat can influence how warm we feel—the more body fat we have, the warmer we feel. Old people’s fat layers get thinner with age, 33 . Also, height is another reason. Taller people may feel colder because it takes more efforts for the blood to move around their bodies to keep them warm. What’s more, how we feel temperatures 34 . People with more muscles have higher metabolism. As a result, they produce more heat and they always feel warmer than others. Therefore, next time you see someone wearing a T-shirt while you’re in a down coat, don’t be so surprised! 【答案】31．why people feel different temperatures on the same day/the reasons why people feel different temperatures on the same day 32．feeling them directly 33．so they often feel colder than young people 34．is influenced by metabolism/depends on metabolism 【导语】本文主要探讨了为什么在同一天里，人们会感受到不同的温度。 31．根据“It seems that people feel different temperatures on the same day.”可知，这篇文章是关于为什么人们在同一天感觉不同的温度。故填why people feel different temperatures on the same day/the reasons why people feel different temperatures on the same day。 32．根据“In fact, people don’t feel air temperatures directly. It is through the sensors (传感器) on our skin that we can feel cold, cool, warm, and hot temperatures.”可知，我们通过皮肤上的传感器而不是直接感受到空气温度。故填feeling them directly。 33．根据“For example, old people often feel colder than young people as the fat layers (层) under the skin get thinner with age.”可知，老年人的脂肪层随着年龄的增长而变薄，所以他们经常比年轻人感到更冷。故填so they often feel colder than young people。 34．根据“Metabolism (新陈代谢) also influences how we feel temperatures.”可知，我们对温度的感觉受到新陈代谢的影响。故填is influenced by metabolism/depends on metabolism。 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $