精品解析：重庆市西南七校联考2025-2026学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题

2025—2026学年度上期高二半期七校联考英语试题 命题学校：重庆市綦江中学 命题人：高二英语备课组 审题人：高二英语备课组 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答题前，务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡规定的位置上。 2. 答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 3. 答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。 4. 考试结束后，将答题卷交回。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)(改编) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will Lisa do first? A. Clean the room. B. Eat something. C. Wash clothes. 2. What is the man advised to do? A. Catch another bird. B. Set the bird free. C. Keep the bird. 3. How long is the game delayed? A. 2 hours. B. 3 hours. C. 4 hours. 4. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a library. C. At home. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Traditional Chinese painting. B. Materials for a painting. C. A trip to a museum. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. What is the woman going to cook? A. Steak. B. Pizza. C. Fried chicken. 7. What does Harry think of the woman’s cooking? A. Great. B. Terrible. C. Average. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. Why does the man want to work at Camp Elizabeth? A. He knows some people there. B. People think highly of it. C. It offers a good salary. 9. What does the man care about? A. The workmates. B. The camping site. C. The accommodation. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 10. Who mainly uses the USA Learns? A. Young children. B. Middle school students. C. Adults. 11. What will James use the course for? A. Increasing vocabulary. B. Learning American culture. C. Taking a US citizenship course. 12. How did the woman know about the course? A. From a friend. B. From a website. C. From a magazine. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13. What is Julian doing? A. Planning her budget. B. Conducting an interview. C. Giving advice on studies. 14. Which costs Matt most each month? A. Food. B. Clothes. C. Books. 15. How much does Matt spend on sports a month? A. About $15. B. About $30. C. About $50. 16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Strangers. B. Schoolmates. C. Co-workers. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. When did Ian first want to help feed some kids? A. At the age of 7. B. At the age of 9. C. At the age of 10. 18. Why did Ian do well in gardening? A. He took related classes. B. He often gardened at school. C. He had some gardening experience. 19. Where did Ian create a garden at first? A. At his own school. B. Behind his parents’ house. C. In the community’s empty area. 20. What has Ian’s Giving Garden project achieved? A. It has started a cooking school. B. It has founded a food organization. C. It has given out over 20,000 pounds of produce. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 A(改编) Natural Life E-Books by Education Expert Wendy Priesnitz Beyond School: Living As If School Doesn’t Exist This is a long-awaited fourth book about life learning. It’s a collection of 17 essays about how families and individuals can live and learn without struggles, and with trust, respect, and dignity. Together, they create ways to help children learn about today’s world while becoming equipped to live in tomorrow’s. Green & Healthy Homes The book will help you and your family make your home greener and healthier, and save money too. It includes tips on making your own cleaning supplies and advice on how to conserve water, avoid dangerous household chemicals and use organic materials for your home. Life Learning: Lessons From the Educational Frontier This is a unique collection of 30 essays about the story of learning written by parents and young people who have experienced it first-hand. It includes learning to read and do math without being taught, learning what’s wrong with education at present, learning in the real world, and much more. Challenging Assumptions in Education: From Institutionalized Education to a Learning Society This book explains why life learners help their children live and learn, and provides inspiration and support for families who have chosen that exciting path. It also challenges open-minded readers — including teachers, parents, and lawmakers — to transform the public education system, using what homeschoolers know about how children learn. ★We’re pleased to offer you free PDF downloads of these e-Books. ★PDF digital format only. Click here for more information and a limited-time free download. 1. What do we know concerning Beyond School? A. It’s about survival skills outside school. B. It enables children to make better preparations for the future world. C. Its teaching learning methods are from schools. D. It’s committed to making your life greener and healthier. 2. Which book features real life examples? A. Beyond School. B. Green & Healthy Homes. C. Challenging Assumptions in Education. D. Life Learning. 3. Where is the passage most probably taken from? A. A report. B. A blog post. C. A website. D. A magazine. B(改编) During a break at work last spring, I took a quick look at my Facebook account. I had several notifications (通知), and one of them was a friend request. I looked more closely at the screen and saw my grandmother’s picture next to the request. “Barbara Haywood sent you a friend request,” the notification stated. Maybe it was a joke. I hated to think that someone could have opened an account under my grandmother’s name. I called my mom at the end of the workday. “I have a friend request from Mammie. Is it really from her?” I asked. “It is,” my mom confirmed. She explained that my uncle Buster had helped her set up the account. “That is so amazing,” I said. I opened my app and wrote a welcome message on my grandmother’s page. Mammie learned about Facebook gradually. At first, she simply “liked” pictures of the family. After a while, she figured out how to add comments. Her Facebook proficiency (熟练) is not of great importance. It’s the fact that she’s on social media and has daily access to pictures of her family. My grandmother has four children, ten grandchildren, and ten great-grandchildren. We all live fairly close to her, but we also lead very busy lives. And though we invite Mammie to many performances and games, her lack of the ability to move limits her attendance. Now that she has a Facebook account, she doesn’t have to miss a thing. She can keep up with the latest trends (动向) and view vacation pictures. However, she has a special way of commenting on posts. She calls us all her little babies, and she always signs her comments, “Love, Mammie.” A friend asked me the other day if I was going to tell her that she didn’t need to sign her name at the end of her comments. “I sure am not,” I told my friend. “She can use Facebook however she wants. I’m not criticizing a single thing she does.” 4. How did the author react to the friend request from her grandmother at first? A. She thought it was important. B. She agreed to it. C. She had some doubts about it. D. She paid no attention to it. 5. What really matters about her grandmother according to the author? A. Her habit of posting remarks. B. Her activity on social media. C. Her continuous development and learning. D. Her proficient use of the Facebook. 6. What does the author think of her grandmother’s using Facebook? A. It’s a method to record her everyday activities. B. It’s a means to discover and learn about the world. C. It’s an opportunity to build new friendships. D. It’s a way to get involved in the big family. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. The Right Way to Use Facebook B. A Grandmother’s Special Comments C. Mammie Joins the Social Media World D. How Technology Changes Family C(改编) Although China is the world’s leading manufacturing (制造) power, it has long fallen behind in creating imaginative, home-grown retail (零售) brands and products. That, however, is beginning to change. Innovative Chinese brands are appearing everywhere. From Stockholm to Sydney, the electric cars silently passing by are increasingly likely to be Chinese. Mixue, an ice-cream and cold drinks company, has overtaken McDonald’s to become the world’s largest fast-food chain by number of outlets. Chagee, a chain of tea shops, is on track to have at least 1,300 stores outside China by the end of 2027, mostly in Southeast Asia. Meanwhile, Pop Mart, a Chinese toy company, has created a buzz as much as Disney with its unusual grinning nine-toothed dolls, called Labubu. It is impossible not to admire the creative force behind these successful businesses. Western customers have been buying products made in China for decades. However, these goods were mostly designed by and produced for foreign companies. Chinese brands were long regarded as low-quality and lacking creativity. New companies are now challenging these old assumptions. Many proudly emphasize their Chinese heritage. For example, Chagee’s logo features a Peking Opera singer in full costume, and its name comes from “Farewell, My Concubine,” a classic Chinese opera. Today, many Chinese brands compete not only on price but also on quality. Chagee’s drinks can even be as expensive as Starbucks’. Western companies will need to wake up and take notice of bubble tea. In the future, they will have to make more efforts to understand Chinese consumers’ unique tastes. Some may even cooperate with innovative Chinese firms to gain insight and inspiration. Competition from China could eventually push Disney, Mattel toys, and other major Western brands to reach new levels of creativity. 8. What does the underlined part “created a buzz” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Failed to attract attention. B. Received negative comments. C. Stirred up interest. D. Made a loud noise. 9. What is the author’s attitude towards the rise of Chinese innovative brands? A. Critical. B. Appreciative. C. Doubtful. D. Unconcerned. 10. What can we infer about Western companies in the future from the text? A. They will ignore the competition of Chinese brands. B. They have to be more innovative in their brands. C. They are going to beat Chinese creative brands. D. They will stop cooperating with Chinese firms. 11. What is the passage mainly about? A. Why Western companies should learn from Chinese brands. B. The history of Chinese retail brands. C. The rise of creative Chinese brands globally. D. How foreign firms win Chinese customers. D(改编) Jason, a straight-A student from the University of Pennsylvania, uses the term “pseudo-working” to describe how many of us study. The pseudo-worker looks and feels like someone who is working hard — he or she spends a long time in the library and is not afraid to push on late into the night — but, because of a lack of focus and concentration, he or she doesn’t actually accomplish much. This phenomenon can be seen in most colleges. For example, at Dartmouth there was a section of the main library that was open twenty-four hours a day and the students I used to see in there late at night crowded in groups, drinking coffee, were definitely pseudo-working. By placing themselves in distracting environments and insisting on working long hours, these students are damaging their brain’s ability to think clearly and efficiently to accomplish the task at hand. In the end they get half the results with twice the effort. The bigger problem here is that most students don’t even realize that they’re pseudo-working. To them pseudo-working is work — it’s how they’ve always done it, and it’s how all of their friends do it. It never crosses their mind that there might be a better way. Straight-A students, on the other hand, know all about pseudo-working. They fear it, and for good reason it not only wastes time, but it’s also mentally tiring. In fact, the most important skill in becoming a better student is the ability to get work done quickly and with a minimum of wasted effort. Some cognitive science research concludes that about 50 minutes is the optimal learning period to maximize the material learned per time unit. So how can students manage to study efficiently? One key factor is captured in the following simple formula: work accomplished = time spent×intensity of focus. Pseudo-working features a very low intensity of focus. Therefore, to accomplish something by pseudo-working, you need to spend a lot of time. The straight-A approach, on the other hand, maximizes intensity in order to minimize time. 12. Which of the following phenomenon is an example of pseudo-working? A. Tom is busy taking notes while attending a lecture. B. Alice and Sara are sitting on the sofa reading their favorite books. C. Mike is sitting in the study room in preparation for a final exam quietly. D. Jack spends a long time in the library on his essay while listening to music. 13. What can be inferred from paragraph 3 and 4? A. Straight-A students believe some tasks are worth twice the effort. B. Too much thinking may weaken the brain’s ability of the students. C. Negative effects of pseudo-working are not fully realized by many students. D. Students will get good grades once they realize that pseudo-working is ineffective. 14. What does the underlined word “optimal’ mean in paragraph 5? A. Longest. B. Best. C. Least. D. Effective. 15. Why does the author mention the formula in the text? A. To show the benefit of working hard. B. To prove the necessity of accomplishing work. C. To emphasize the importance of concentration. D. To explain the reason for spending much time. 第二节 七选五阅读(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)(原创) 根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How do you write a letter to your future self? If you’re interested in writing a letter to your future self, ____16____, here are some steps you can take: Decide how far into the future you want to read your letter The content of any letter depends on the reader. The content of your letter to your future self might change depending on whether you’re writing for someone three months or three years into the future. You can write the letter as far into the future as you like. ____17____. Talk about what’s going on in your life As you write the content of your letter, provide context for your future self. Consider dating the letter and including a summary of what’s happening in your life. If you’re writing your letter for self-improvement, it’s important to note where you’re starting from. Express your hopes ____18____. You could talk about a project you’ve started that you hope to finish. When you read the letter in the future, your words might make you feel proud because you’ve achieved what was important to you. ____19____ Consider including questions for your future self in your letter. Ask whether you got closer to a new friend, or if something you were looking forward to happened. These can also add context for your future self about what was important to you when you wrote the letter. Express gratitude and kindness for yourself Finally, remember to include words of kindness and support for your future self. Your reader, whoever and wherever they are, may need to hear them. You never know where you’ll be when you finally read the letter, and hearing that you’re cared for and loved can help you stay positive. ____20____. These hurtful words can prevent self-improvement. A. Answer questions surprisingly B. Describe your daily routine in detail C. But don’t know where to start D. You can discuss different occupations in your letter E. Try not to include criticism about yourself in the letter F. Talk about what you hope your future self has achieved G. You can also write several letters to different future selves 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)(原创) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My mission at twelve was clear: to become the first girl to master the huge skateboard ramp (斜坡) in our town park. It was a towering concrete bowl, a region ____21____ by confident teenage boys. To them, I was ____22____ — just a little girl with pink elbow pads (护肘垫). My older brother would offer ____23____, “Just drop in, Alex! It’s all in your head.” But “dropping in” was ____24____. It meant committing my weight to the abyss (深渊). Every time I stood at the edge, fear ____25____ me. The boys’ occasional laughing would make me step back, ____26____. Weeks passed in a cycle of failure. My knuckles (指关节) were white from gripping the ramp’s edge; my legs were ____27____ bruises (淤青). I cried in frustration, hidden away. It would have been easy to ____28____. But the challenge ____29____ to me. I changed my _____30_____. Instead of just failing repeatedly, I started to study the boys’ movements — the angle of their feet, the bend in their knees. I _____31_____ it wasn’t just courage; it was a physics problem. I practiced on smaller slopes and _____32_____ success in my mind. The day finally came. With a strange calm, I didn’t hesitate. I just _____33_____ and dropped in the bowl. The world became a blur. Then, my wheels held, and I flew across the ramp. I had done it. As I stopped, one boy I’d been _____34_____ of skated over. He gave a nod and said, “Nice one.” That was all the _____35_____ I needed. I learned that failure isn’t the opposite of success; it’s part of its foundation. The lesson was carved into the core of who I am. 21. A. destroyed B. ruled C. built D. forgotten 22. A. invisible B. determined C. independent D. passionate 23. A. analyses B. tips C. warnings D. arguments 24. A. exciting B. committing C. terrifying D. disappointing 25. A. freed B. excited C. froze D. protected 26. A. upset B. concentrated C. convinced D. devoted 27. A. faced with B. compared with C. satisfied with D. filled with 28. A. quit B. continue C. complain D. celebrate 29. A. shouted B. listened C. appealed D. apologized 30. A. direction B. strategy C. clothes D. board 31. A. hoped B. imagined C. realized D. doubted 32. A. pictured B. ignored C. forgot D. illustrated 33. A. thought B. spoke C. fell D. leaned 34. A. proud B. afraid C. tired D. aware 35. A. approval B. money C. punishment D. advice 第Ⅱ卷 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)(原创) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 India faces a severe air pollution crisis, ____36____ (rank) among the world’s top 10 most polluted countries. India is losing sunlight. A new study ____37____ (conduct) by six Indian scientists finds that, over the past three decades, sunshine hours ____38____ (decline) steadily across most of India, driven by clouds, aerosols (气溶胶) and local weather. All of nine India’s ____39____ (geographic) diverse regions showed an overall annual decline in sunshine hours, though the rate of decrease varied across India. Rapid urbanization, industrial ____40____ (grow) and land-use changes drove up fossil fuel use, biomass burning and vehicle emissions, sending aerosols into the atmosphere and dimming the Sun’s rays. In winter, high air pollution from smog, temperature inversions (逆温) and crop burning across the Indo-Gangetic plains produces light-scattering aerosols, ____41____ reduce sunshine hours. These aerosols — tiny solid or liquid particles from dust, vehicle exhaust, crop burning, ____42____ other sources — persist in the air long enough to affect sunlight, climate and health. Aerosols have reduced the amount of sunlight reaching the ground in India by about 13% between 1993 and 2022, according to Sachchida Nand Tripathi, ____43____ atmospheric scientist at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur. Some Indian scientists show concern ____44____ agriculture, daily life and India’s solar energy ambitions. Solar _____45_____ (make) up 47% of India’s renewable energy capacity at present. But declining sunlight could cast a shadow on the country’s solar ambitions. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分)(原创) 46. 假设你是李华，上周你答应帮你外国朋友Peter补习中文，但因临时参加学校紧急组织的“中华魂”汉语演讲比赛（The “Soul of China” Mandarin Speech Competition）集训，未能按时赴约，也未及时告知他。请你给Peter写一封道歉信，内容包括： 1. 表达诚挚的歉意； 2. 说明失约的原因； 3. 提出弥补的办法。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯； 3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Peter, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分)(原创) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was only two weeks before the school drama festival, but our Drama Club was in crisis. Our play The Lost World had a sudden accident — Lily, who played the lead role, hurt her ankle during practice and couldn’t perform. Without her, we had to either cancel the performance or find a replacement quickly. The whole team felt hopeless, because no one else knew her lines well enough. As the club’s scriptwriter (编剧), I called an emergency meeting after school to discuss whether there was anyone willing to take over Lily’s role. The whole room fell silent, with no one making a sound. Lily’s lines were long and emotional, and learning them in two weeks seemed impossible. I looked around — some members stared at their shoes silently; others whispered anxiously. Suddenly, Emma, a quiet girl who usually worked backstage, raised her hand. “I can try,” she said softly. “I’ve watched every practice and memorized most of the lines. I know I’m not as confident as Lily, but I don’t want our hard work to be wasted” Everyone was shocked. Emma had never acted before, but her eyes showed determination. We decided to give Emma a chance. However, during the first practice with her, she froze up several times and forgot her lines. Some teammates sighed in disappointment, and I could see Emma’s eyes filling with tears. Seeing her sitting alone silently at the back after practising, I walked over and put my hand on her shoulder: “No one becomes perfect overnight. We’ll practice with you every day. ” For the next weeks, we stayed after school, repeating scenes until Emma’s performance became more natural. Every member helped— some prepared backdrops and props; others practised acting and lines with her again and again. To much Emma’s relief, Lily even offered her some practical advice through video calls. Slowly, she became more and more confident and her performance became better and better. On the night of the festival, the auditorium was packed with teachers and students. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 As Emma walked onto the stage, I could see her hands shaking a little. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the performance, the audience’s reaction surprised everyone. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025—2026学年度上期高二半期七校联考英语试题 命题学校：重庆市綦江中学 命题人：高二英语备课组 审题人：高二英语备课组 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答题前，务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡规定的位置上。 2. 答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 3. 答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。 4. 考试结束后，将答题卷交回。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)(改编) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will Lisa do first? A. Clean the room. B. Eat something. C. Wash clothes. 2. What is the man advised to do? A. Catch another bird. B. Set the bird free. C. Keep the bird. 3. How long is the game delayed? A. 2 hours. B. 3 hours. C. 4 hours. 4. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a library. C. At home. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Traditional Chinese painting. B. Materials for a painting. C. A trip to a museum. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. What is the woman going to cook? A. Steak. B. Pizza. C. Fried chicken. 7. What does Harry think of the woman’s cooking? A. Great. B. Terrible. C. Average. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. Why does the man want to work at Camp Elizabeth? A. He knows some people there. B. People think highly of it. C. It offers a good salary. 9. What does the man care about? A. The workmates. B. The camping site. C. The accommodation. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 10. Who mainly uses the USA Learns? A. Young children. B. Middle school students. C. Adults. 11. What will James use the course for? A. Increasing vocabulary. B. Learning American culture. C. Taking a US citizenship course. 12. How did the woman know about the course? A. From a friend. B. From a website. C. From a magazine. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13. What is Julian doing? A. Planning her budget. B. Conducting an interview. C. Giving advice on studies. 14. Which costs Matt most each month? A. Food. B. Clothes. C. Books. 15. How much does Matt spend on sports a month? A. About $15. B. About $30. C. About $50. 16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Strangers. B. Schoolmates. C. Co-workers. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. When did Ian first want to help feed some kids? A. At the age of 7. B. At the age of 9. C. At the age of 10. 18. Why did Ian do well in gardening? A. He took related classes. B. He often gardened at school. C. He had some gardening experience. 19. Where did Ian create a garden at first? A. At his own school. B. Behind his parents’ house. C. In the community’s empty area. 20. What has Ian’s Giving Garden project achieved? A. It has started a cooking school. B. It has founded a food organization. C. It has given out over 20,000 pounds of produce. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 A(改编) Natural Life E-Books by Education Expert Wendy Priesnitz Beyond School: Living As If School Doesn’t Exist This is a long-awaited fourth book about life learning. It’s a collection of 17 essays about how families and individuals can live and learn without struggles, and with trust, respect, and dignity. Together, they create ways to help children learn about today’s world while becoming equipped to live in tomorrow’s. Green & Healthy Homes The book will help you and your family make your home greener and healthier, and save money too. It includes tips on making your own cleaning supplies and advice on how to conserve water, avoid dangerous household chemicals and use organic materials for your home. Life Learning: Lessons From the Educational Frontier This is a unique collection of 30 essays about the story of learning written by parents and young people who have experienced it first-hand. It includes learning to read and do math without being taught, learning what’s wrong with education at present, learning in the real world, and much more. Challenging Assumptions in Education: From Institutionalized Education to a Learning Society This book explains why life learners help their children live and learn, and provides inspiration and support for families who have chosen that exciting path. It also challenges open-minded readers — including teachers, parents, and lawmakers — to transform the public education system, using what homeschoolers know about how children learn. ★We’re pleased to offer you free PDF downloads of these e-Books. ★PDF digital format only. Click here for more information and a limited-time free download. 1. What do we know concerning Beyond School? A. It’s about survival skills outside school. B. It enables children to make better preparations for the future world. C. Its teaching learning methods are from schools. D. It’s committed to making your life greener and healthier. 2. Which book features real life examples? A. Beyond School. B. Green & Healthy Homes. C. Challenging Assumptions in Education. D. Life Learning. 3. Where is the passage most probably taken from? A. A report. B. A blog post. C. A website. D. A magazine. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了教育专家Wendy Priesnitz的四本自然生活类电子书，包括书籍的主题、内容以及获取方式。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Beyond School: Living As If School Doesn’t Exist部分中“Together, they create ways to help children learn about today’s world while becoming equipped to live in tomorrow’s. (它们共同创造了帮助孩子们了解当今世界，同时具备在明天的世界中生活的能力的方法。)”可知，Beyond School这本书能够帮助孩子们为未来的世界做好更充分的准备。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Life Learning: Lessons From the Educational Frontier部分中“This is a unique collection of 30 essays about the story of learning written by parents and young people who have experienced it first-hand. (这是一本独特的文集，收录了30篇关于学习故事的文章，由亲身经历过学习的父母和年轻人撰写。)”可知，Life Learning这本书以真实生活实例为特色。故选D项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后的“PDF digital format only. Click here for more information and a limited-time free download. (仅PDF数字格式。点击此处获取更多信息并限时免费下载。)”可推知，文章最有可能来自一个网站。故选C项。 B(改编) During a break at work last spring, I took a quick look at my Facebook account. I had several notifications (通知), and one of them was a friend request. I looked more closely at the screen and saw my grandmother’s picture next to the request. “Barbara Haywood sent you a friend request,” the notification stated. Maybe it was a joke. I hated to think that someone could have opened an account under my grandmother’s name. I called my mom at the end of the workday. “I have a friend request from Mammie. Is it really from her?” I asked. “It is,” my mom confirmed. She explained that my uncle Buster had helped her set up the account. “That is so amazing,” I said. I opened my app and wrote a welcome message on my grandmother’s page. Mammie learned about Facebook gradually. At first, she simply “liked” pictures of the family. After a while, she figured out how to add comments. Her Facebook proficiency (熟练) is not of great importance. It’s the fact that she’s on social media and has daily access to pictures of her family. My grandmother has four children, ten grandchildren, and ten great-grandchildren. We all live fairly close to her, but we also lead very busy lives. And though we invite Mammie to many performances and games, her lack of the ability to move limits her attendance. Now that she has a Facebook account, she doesn’t have to miss a thing. She can keep up with the latest trends (动向) and view vacation pictures. However, she has a special way of commenting on posts. She calls us all her little babies, and she always signs her comments, “Love, Mammie.” A friend asked me the other day if I was going to tell her that she didn’t need to sign her name at the end of her comments. “I sure am not,” I told my friend. “She can use Facebook however she wants. I’m not criticizing a single thing she does.” 4. How did the author react to the friend request from her grandmother at first? A. She thought it was important. B. She agreed to it. C. She had some doubts about it. D. She paid no attention to it. 5. What really matters about her grandmother according to the author? A. Her habit of posting remarks. B. Her activity on social media. C. Her continuous development and learning. D. Her proficient use of the Facebook. 6. What does the author think of her grandmother’s using Facebook? A. It’s a method to record her everyday activities. B. It’s a means to discover and learn about the world. C. It’s an opportunity to build new friendships. D. It’s a way to get involved in the big family. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. The Right Way to Use Facebook B. A Grandmother’s Special Comments C. Mammie Joins the Social Media World D. How Technology Changes Family 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的祖母在家人帮助下注册Facebook账号，从初步使用到通过社交平台关注家人动态的故事，展现科技为长辈参与家庭生活带来的便利与温暖。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Maybe it was a joke. I hated to think that someone could have opened an account under my grandmother’s name. (也许那只是个玩笑。我不愿去想会有人用我祖母的名字开了一个账户。)”可知，作者一开始对祖母的交友请求持怀疑态度，担心是他人冒用祖母名义注册账号。故选C项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Her Facebook proficiency (熟练) is not of great importance. It’s the fact that she’s on social media and has daily access to pictures of her family. (她对Facebook的熟练程度并不重要。重要的是她上了社交媒体，每天都能看到家人的照片。)”可知，作者认为真正重要的是祖母活跃在社交媒体上，能每天看到家人的照片。故选B项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Now that she has a Facebook account, she doesn’t have to miss a thing. She can keep up with the latest trends (动向) and view vacation pictures. (既然她有了脸书账号，就不会错过任何事情了。她可以跟上最新潮流动向，还能查看度假照片。)”以及第五段中“She can use Facebook however she wants. I’m not criticizing a single thing she does. (她可以随心所欲地使用Facebook。我对她做的任何事都没有批评的意思。)”可推知，作者认为祖母使用Facebook是一种融入大家庭的方式。故选D项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章围绕“祖母（Mammie）在家人帮助下注册并使用Facebook，通过社交平台关注家人”展开，核心事件是“Mammie Joins the Social Media World (祖母加入社交媒体)”，适宜作为标题使用。故选C项。 C(改编) Although China is the world’s leading manufacturing (制造) power, it has long fallen behind in creating imaginative, home-grown retail (零售) brands and products. That, however, is beginning to change. Innovative Chinese brands are appearing everywhere. From Stockholm to Sydney, the electric cars silently passing by are increasingly likely to be Chinese. Mixue, an ice-cream and cold drinks company, has overtaken McDonald’s to become the world’s largest fast-food chain by number of outlets. Chagee, a chain of tea shops, is on track to have at least 1,300 stores outside China by the end of 2027, mostly in Southeast Asia. Meanwhile, Pop Mart, a Chinese toy company, has created a buzz as much as Disney with its unusual grinning nine-toothed dolls, called Labubu. It is impossible not to admire the creative force behind these successful businesses. Western customers have been buying products made in China for decades. However, these goods were mostly designed by and produced for foreign companies. Chinese brands were long regarded as low-quality and lacking creativity. New companies are now challenging these old assumptions. Many proudly emphasize their Chinese heritage. For example, Chagee’s logo features a Peking Opera singer in full costume, and its name comes from “Farewell, My Concubine,” a classic Chinese opera. Today, many Chinese brands compete not only on price but also on quality. Chagee’s drinks can even be as expensive as Starbucks’. Western companies will need to wake up and take notice of bubble tea. In the future, they will have to make more efforts to understand Chinese consumers’ unique tastes. Some may even cooperate with innovative Chinese firms to gain insight and inspiration. Competition from China could eventually push Disney, Mattel toys, and other major Western brands to reach new levels of creativity. 8. What does the underlined part “created a buzz” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Failed to attract attention. B. Received negative comments. C. Stirred up interest. D. Made a loud noise. 9. What is the author’s attitude towards the rise of Chinese innovative brands? A. Critical. B. Appreciative. C. Doubtful. D. Unconcerned. 10. What can we infer about Western companies in the future from the text? A. They will ignore the competition of Chinese brands. B. They have to be more innovative in their brands. C. They are going to beat Chinese creative brands. D. They will stop cooperating with Chinese firms. 11. What is the passage mainly about? A. Why Western companies should learn from Chinese brands. B. The history of Chinese retail brands. C. The rise of creative Chinese brands globally. D. How foreign firms win Chinese customers. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国创新品牌在全球的崛起，这些品牌打破了西方对中国品牌的刻板印象，还将推动西方品牌提升创新力。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文“Mixue, an ice-cream and cold drinks company, has overtaken McDonald’s to become the world’s largest fast-food chain by number of outlets. Chagee, a chain of tea shops, is on track to have at least 1,300 stores outside China by the end of 2027, mostly in Southeast Asia.(冰雪饮品企业蜜雪冰城，已凭借门店数量超越麦当劳，成为全球规模最大的快餐连锁品牌。茶饮连锁品牌霸王茶姬计划在 2027 年底前，在海外开设至少 1300 家门店，门店将主要分布在东南亚地区。)”和下文“ It is impossible not to admire the creative force behind these successful businesses.(我们不禁为这些成功企业背后蕴藏的创新力量所折服。)”可知，上文列举了蜜雪冰城、霸王茶姬等中国品牌的出海成功案例。本句将泡泡玛特与迪士尼并列，说明它凭借 Labubu 玩偶获得了和迪士尼同等的关注度。由此可知，created a buzz在此处意为“引发关注、激起兴趣”。故选C项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“It is impossible not to admire the creative force behind these successful businesses. (我们不禁为这些成功企业背后蕴藏的创新力量所折服。)”可知，作者对中国创新品牌的崛起持欣赏的态度。故选B项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Competition from China could eventually push Disney, Mattel toys, and other major Western brands to reach new levels of creativity. (来自中国的竞争最终可能会促使迪士尼、美泰玩具以及其他西方主要品牌达到新的创意高度)”可推知，未来西方企业为应对中国品牌的竞争，必须在品牌创新方面下更大功夫。故选B项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章核心围绕中国创新零售品牌在全球的崛起展开，介绍了蜜雪冰城、茶姬、泡泡玛特等案例，以及这些品牌如何打破旧有认知、影响全球市场。因此，“The rise of creative Chinese brands globally (中国创意品牌在全球的崛起)”符合文章主旨。故选C项。 D(改编) Jason, a straight-A student from the University of Pennsylvania, uses the term “pseudo-working” to describe how many of us study. The pseudo-worker looks and feels like someone who is working hard — he or she spends a long time in the library and is not afraid to push on late into the night — but, because of a lack of focus and concentration, he or she doesn’t actually accomplish much. This phenomenon can be seen in most colleges. For example, at Dartmouth there was a section of the main library that was open twenty-four hours a day and the students I used to see in there late at night crowded in groups, drinking coffee, were definitely pseudo-working. By placing themselves in distracting environments and insisting on working long hours, these students are damaging their brain’s ability to think clearly and efficiently to accomplish the task at hand. In the end they get half the results with twice the effort. The bigger problem here is that most students don’t even realize that they’re pseudo-working. To them pseudo-working is work — it’s how they’ve always done it, and it’s how all of their friends do it. It never crosses their mind that there might be a better way. Straight-A students, on the other hand, know all about pseudo-working. They fear it, and for good reason it not only wastes time, but it’s also mentally tiring. In fact, the most important skill in becoming a better student is the ability to get work done quickly and with a minimum of wasted effort. Some cognitive science research concludes that about 50 minutes is the optimal learning period to maximize the material learned per time unit. So how can students manage to study efficiently? One key factor is captured in the following simple formula: work accomplished = time spent×intensity of focus. Pseudo-working features a very low intensity of focus. Therefore, to accomplish something by pseudo-working, you need to spend a lot of time. The straight-A approach, on the other hand, maximizes intensity in order to minimize time. 12. Which of the following phenomenon is an example of pseudo-working? A. Tom is busy taking notes while attending a lecture. B. Alice and Sara are sitting on the sofa reading their favorite books. C. Mike is sitting in the study room in preparation for a final exam quietly. D. Jack spends a long time in the library on his essay while listening to music. 13. What can be inferred from paragraph 3 and 4? A. Straight-A students believe some tasks are worth twice the effort. B. Too much thinking may weaken the brain’s ability of the students. C. Negative effects of pseudo-working are not fully realized by many students. D. Students will get good grades once they realize that pseudo-working is ineffective. 14. What does the underlined word “optimal’ mean in paragraph 5? A. Longest. B. Best. C. Least. D. Effective. 15. Why does the author mention the formula in the text? A. To show the benefit of working hard. B. To prove the necessity of accomplishing work. C. To emphasize the importance of concentration. D. To explain the reason for spending much time. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍“伪学习”现象的表现、危害及高效学习的方法。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The pseudo-worker looks and feels like someone who is working hard — he or she spends a long time in the library and is not afraid to push on late into the night — but, because of a lack of focus and concentration, he or she doesn’t actually accomplish much.(伪学习者看起来和感觉上都像是在努力学习的人——他或她在图书馆花很长时间，不怕熬夜到很晚——但由于缺乏专注和集中，他或她实际上并没有完成多少事情。)”可知，伪学习的特点是花费大量时间但注意力不集中，收效甚微。杰克在图书馆花很长时间写论文却听着音乐，符合这一特征。故选D项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“By placing themselves in distracting environments and insisting on working long hours, these students are damaging their brain’s ability to think clearly and efficiently to accomplish the task at hand.(这些学生把自己置于容易分心的环境中，坚持长时间学习，这损害了他们清晰高效地思考以完成手头任务的能力。)”以及第四段中的“The bigger problem here is that most students don’t even realize that they’re pseudo-working.(更大的问题是，大多数学生甚至没有意识到自己在伪学习。)”可知，伪学习有负面影响，但很多学生并未完全意识到。故选C项。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第五段中的“Some cognitive science research concludes that about 50 minutes is the optimal learning period to maximize the material learned per time unit.(一些认知科学研究得出结论，大约50分钟是optimal学习时间，以最大限度地提高每单位时间所学的材料。)”可知，对于学习来说，提高效率非常重要，为了效率的最大化，50分钟的时间应该是“最适合的”或者“最佳的”，所以，“optimal”的意思与Best意义相近。故选B项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段中的“One key factor is captured in the following simple formula: work accomplished = time spent×intensity of focus. Pseudo-working features a very low intensity of focus. Therefore, to accomplish something by pseudo-working, you need to spend a lot of time. The straight-A approach, on the other hand, maximizes intensity in order to minimize time.(以下简单公式体现了一个关键因素：完成的工作量=花费的时间×专注强度。伪学习的特点是专注强度很低。因此，通过伪学习来完成某件事，你需要花费大量时间。另一方面，优等生的方法是最大限度地提高专注强度，以最小化时间。)”可知，作者提到这个公式是为了强调专注的重要性，专注强度高才能在更少时间内完成更多工作。故选C项。 第二节 七选五阅读(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)(原创) 根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How do you write a letter to your future self? If you’re interested in writing a letter to your future self, ____16____, here are some steps you can take: Decide how far into the future you want to read your letter The content of any letter depends on the reader. The content of your letter to your future self might change depending on whether you’re writing for someone three months or three years into the future. You can write the letter as far into the future as you like. ____17____. Talk about what’s going on in your life As you write the content of your letter, provide context for your future self. Consider dating the letter and including a summary of what’s happening in your life. If you’re writing your letter for self-improvement, it’s important to note where you’re starting from. Express your hopes ____18____. You could talk about a project you’ve started that you hope to finish. When you read the letter in the future, your words might make you feel proud because you’ve achieved what was important to you. ____19____ Consider including questions for your future self in your letter. Ask whether you got closer to a new friend, or if something you were looking forward to happened. These can also add context for your future self about what was important to you when you wrote the letter. Express gratitude and kindness for yourself Finally, remember to include words of kindness and support for your future self. Your reader, whoever and wherever they are, may need to hear them. You never know where you’ll be when you finally read the letter, and hearing that you’re cared for and loved can help you stay positive. ____20____. These hurtful words can prevent self-improvement. A. Answer questions surprisingly B. Describe your daily routine in detail C. But don’t know where to start D. You can discuss different occupations in your letter E. Try not to include criticism about yourself in the letter F. Talk about what you hope your future self has achieved G. You can also write several letters to different future selves 【答案】16. C 17. G 18. F 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“如何给未来的自己写信”的五个具体步骤。 【16题详解】 根据上文“If you’re interested in writing a letter to your future self (如果你有兴趣给未来的自己写一封信)”以及下文“here are some steps you can take (以下是一些你可以采取的步骤)”可知，空处应说明在有兴趣给未来的自己写信，但不知如何开始的情况，C选项“But don’t know where to start (但不知道从哪里开始)”通过“but”转折，承接上文“有兴趣”的意愿，点出读者可能存在的“不知如何入手”的困惑，自然引出下文的具体步骤。故选C项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“The content of your letter to your future self might change depending on whether you’re writing for someone three months or three years into the future. You can write the letter as far into the future as you like. (给未来自己的信，内容会因写给三个月后还是三年后的自己而不同。你可以把信写给未来任意时间的自己)”可知，空处应说明写信给未来的自己的其他可能性，G选项“You can also write several letters to different future selves (你也可以写好几封信，寄给不同未来时间点的自己)”中的“also”承接上文“写给任意时间的自己”，进一步拓展了写信方式，从“单一时间点”延伸到“多个时间点”。故选G项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Express your hopes (表达你的期许)”以及下文“You could talk about a project you’ve started that you hope to finish. When you read the letter in the future, your words might make you feel proud because you’ve achieved what was important to you. (你可以聊聊已经开始、希望完成的项目。未来读信时，若你实现了这些重要目标，这些文字会让你感到自豪)”可知，空处应说明希望未来的自己取得什么成就，F选项“Talk about what you hope your future self has achieved (聊聊你希望未来的自己已经实现了什么)”直接呼应“Express your hopes”的主题，“what you hope your future self has achieved”与下文“hope to finish”“achieved what was important to you”相契合，明确了“表达期许”的具体内容。故选F项。 【19题详解】 根据下文“Consider including questions for your future self in your letter. Ask whether you got closer to a new friend, or if something you were looking forward to happened. (考虑在信中给未来的自己设置一些问题。比如问问自己是否和新朋友关系更近了，或者期待的事情是否发生了)”可知，该段落核心是“给未来自己提问题”，A选项“Answer questions surprisingly (以以出人意料的方式回应问题)”呼应下文“include questions”，指出在信中设置问题，未来读信时以惊喜的方式回应这些问题，可作为小标题使用。故选A项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Finally, remember to include words of kindness and support for your future self. Your reader, whoever and wherever they are, may need to hear them. You never know where you’ll be when you finally read the letter, and hearing that you’re cared for and loved can help you stay positive. (最后，请记住要为未来的自己写下充满善意和支持的话语。无论你的读者是谁、身在何处，他们或许都需要听到这些话。你永远不知道当你最终读到这封信时自己会处于何种境遇，而听到有人在乎你、爱你，能帮助你保持积极的心态)”以及下文“These hurtful words can prevent self-improvement. (这些伤人的话会阻碍自我提升)”可知，空处应说明不要在信中加入批评自己的话，E选项“Try not to include criticism about yourself in the letter (尽量不要在信中加入对自己的批评)”承接上文“善意和支持”，通过“Try not to include criticism”与下文“hurtful words”形成对比，解释了“伤人的话”即“自我批评”，逻辑连贯。故选E项。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)(原创) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My mission at twelve was clear: to become the first girl to master the huge skateboard ramp (斜坡) in our town park. It was a towering concrete bowl, a region ____21____ by confident teenage boys. To them, I was ____22____ — just a little girl with pink elbow pads (护肘垫). My older brother would offer ____23____, “Just drop in, Alex! It’s all in your head.” But “dropping in” was ____24____. It meant committing my weight to the abyss (深渊). Every time I stood at the edge, fear ____25____ me. The boys’ occasional laughing would make me step back, ____26____. Weeks passed in a cycle of failure. My knuckles (指关节) were white from gripping the ramp’s edge; my legs were ____27____ bruises (淤青). I cried in frustration, hidden away. It would have been easy to ____28____. But the challenge ____29____ to me. I changed my _____30_____. Instead of just failing repeatedly, I started to study the boys’ movements — the angle of their feet, the bend in their knees. I _____31_____ it wasn’t just courage; it was a physics problem. I practiced on smaller slopes and _____32_____ success in my mind. The day finally came. With a strange calm, I didn’t hesitate. I just _____33_____ and dropped in the bowl. The world became a blur. Then, my wheels held, and I flew across the ramp. I had done it. As I stopped, one boy I’d been _____34_____ of skated over. He gave a nod and said, “Nice one.” That was all the _____35_____ I needed. I learned that failure isn’t the opposite of success; it’s part of its foundation. The lesson was carved into the core of who I am. 21. A. destroyed B. ruled C. built D. forgotten 22. A. invisible B. determined C. independent D. passionate 23. A. analyses B. tips C. warnings D. arguments 24. A. exciting B. committing C. terrifying D. disappointing 25. A. freed B. excited C. froze D. protected 26. A. upset B. concentrated C. convinced D. devoted 27. A. faced with B. compared with C. satisfied with D. filled with 28. A. quit B. continue C. complain D. celebrate 29. A. shouted B. listened C. appealed D. apologized 30. A. direction B. strategy C. clothes D. board 31. A. hoped B. imagined C. realized D. doubted 32. A. pictured B. ignored C. forgot D. illustrated 33. A. thought B. spoke C. fell D. leaned 34. A. proud B. afraid C. tired D. aware 35. A. approval B. money C. punishment D. advice 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了12岁的作者立志征服镇上公园的大型滑板斜坡，虽因男孩轻视和内心恐惧屡遭失败，却并未放弃，通过调整策略、观察学习，最终成功挑战并获认可的故事，并从中领悟到了“失败是成功基石”的道理。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是一个高耸的混凝土碗状斜坡，是自信的十几岁男孩们掌控的领域。A. destroyed摧毁；B. ruled统治、掌控；C. built建造；D. forgotten遗忘。根据下文“by confident teenage boys”及“To them, I was ____2____ — just a little girl with pink elbow pads (护肘垫).”可知，这个滑板斜坡长期由男孩们“掌控”，是他们的专属区域。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对他们来说，我仿佛不存在 —— 只是个戴着粉色护肘的小女孩。A. invisible看不见的、被忽视的、不存在的；B. determined坚定的；C. independent独立的；D. passionate热情的。根据下文“just a little girl with pink elbow pads”及“the boys’ occasional laughing would make me step back”可知，作者在他们眼中无足轻重，几乎“被忽视、不存在”。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我哥哥会给我建议：“Alex，直接滑下去！一切都在于你的心态。”A. analyses分析；B. tips建议、提示；C. warnings警告；D. arguments争论。根据下文“Just drop in, Alex! It’s all in your head.”可知，哥哥在给作者滑滑板的“建议”。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但“直接滑下去”太可怕了。A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. committing承担义务的；C. terrifying可怕的；D. disappointing令人失望的。根据下文“It meant committing my weight to the abyss.”及“Every time I stood at the edge, fear ____5____ me”可知，“直接滑下去”的动作让作者感到“可怕”。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次站在斜坡边缘，恐惧都让我僵住。A. freed释放；B. excited使兴奋；C. froze冻结、使僵住；D. protected保护。根据上文“fear”及下文“the boys’ occasional laughing would make me step back”可知，此处指恐惧让作者无法行动，“僵住”在原地。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：男孩们偶尔的嘲笑会让我沮丧地后退。A. upset沮丧的；B. concentrated专注的；C. convinced确信的；D. devoted忠诚的。根据上文“the boys’ occasional laughing would make me step back”可知，作者因嘲笑感到“沮丧”。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的指关节因为紧握斜坡边缘而发白；我的腿上满是淤青。A. faced with面对；B. compared with与……相比；C. satisfied with对……满意；D. filled with充满、满是。根据上文“weeks passed in a cycle of failure”可知，作者练习时反复失败，经常受伤，腿上“满是”淤青。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：放弃是很容易的事。A. quit放弃；B. continue继续；C. complain抱怨；D. celebrate庆祝。根据上文“I cried in frustration, hidden away.”及下文转折词“But”可知，作者虽受挫，但并未“放弃”。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这个挑战吸引着我。A. shouted大喊；B. listened倾听；C. appealed吸引；D. apologized道歉。根据下文“I changed my ____10____ . Instead of just failing repeatedly, I started to study the boys’ movements — the angle of their feet, the bend in their knees.”可知，作者调整策略继续练习，因为这个挑战 “吸引”着她。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我改变了策略。A. direction方向；B. strategy策略；C. clothes衣服；D. board板、滑板。根据下文“Instead of just failing repeatedly, I started to study the boys’ movements”可知，作者开始研究男孩们的动作，改变了练习的“策略”。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到这不仅需要勇气，更是一个物理问题。A. hoped希望；B. imagined想象；C. realized意识到；D. doubted怀疑。根据下文“it wasn’t just courage; it was a physics problem”可知，这是作者通过观察“意识到”的问题所在。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在小斜坡上练习，并在脑海中想象成功的场景。A. pictured想象、描绘；B. ignored忽视；C. forgot忘记；D. illustrated说明。根据上文“I practiced on smaller slopes”及下文“success in my mind”可知，此处指作者在脑海中“想象”成功的画面。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只是身体前倾，滑进了碗状斜坡。A. thought思考；B. spoke说话；C. fell摔倒；D. leaned倾斜。根据下文“dropped in the bowl”和常识可知，滑进斜坡需要身体向前“倾斜”发力。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我停下来时，一个我曾经害怕的男孩滑了过来。A. proud骄傲的；B. afraid害怕的；C. tired疲惫的；D. aware意识到的。根据上文“To them, I was ____2____ — just a little girl with pink elbow pads (护肘垫).”及“The boys’ occasional laughing would make me step back, ____6____ .”可知，作者曾“害怕”这些男孩。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这正是我需要的认可。A. approval认可、赞同；B. money钱；C. punishment惩罚；D. advice建议。根据上文“He gave a nod and said, “Nice one.””可知，男孩的点头和称赞是对作者的“认可”。故选A项。 第Ⅱ卷 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)(原创) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 India faces a severe air pollution crisis, ____36____ (rank) among the world’s top 10 most polluted countries. India is losing sunlight. A new study ____37____ (conduct) by six Indian scientists finds that, over the past three decades, sunshine hours ____38____ (decline) steadily across most of India, driven by clouds, aerosols (气溶胶) and local weather. All of nine India’s ____39____ (geographic) diverse regions showed an overall annual decline in sunshine hours, though the rate of decrease varied across India. Rapid urbanization, industrial ____40____ (grow) and land-use changes drove up fossil fuel use, biomass burning and vehicle emissions, sending aerosols into the atmosphere and dimming the Sun’s rays. In winter, high air pollution from smog, temperature inversions (逆温) and crop burning across the Indo-Gangetic plains produces light-scattering aerosols, ____41____ reduce sunshine hours. These aerosols — tiny solid or liquid particles from dust, vehicle exhaust, crop burning, ____42____ other sources — persist in the air long enough to affect sunlight, climate and health. Aerosols have reduced the amount of sunlight reaching the ground in India by about 13% between 1993 and 2022, according to Sachchida Nand Tripathi, ____43____ atmospheric scientist at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur. Some Indian scientists show concern ____44____ agriculture, daily life and India’s solar energy ambitions. Solar _____45_____ (make) up 47% of India’s renewable energy capacity at present. But declining sunlight could cast a shadow on the country’s solar ambitions. 【答案】36. ranking 37. conducted 38. have declined 39. geographically 40. growth 41. which 42. and 43. an 44. about##for##over 45. makes 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了印度面临的严重空气污染危机，以及由此导致的日照时间减少问题，分析了气溶胶等导致该现象的原因，同时阐述了这一问题对农业、日常生活和太阳能发展等方面的影响。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：印度面临严重的空气污染危机，跻身全球污染最严重的10个国家之列。句中已有谓语动词“faces”且无其他连词，所以此处应用rank的非谓语动词形式，因其与逻辑主语“India”之间为主动关系，即“印度跻身……行列”，所以应用其现在分词形式作状语。故填ranking。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：由六位印度科学家开展的一项新研究发现，过去三十年来，在云层、气溶胶和当地天气的影响下，印度大部分地区的日照时长稳步下降。句中已有谓语动词“finds”，所以此处应用conduct的非谓语动词形式，因其与被修饰的名词“A new study”之间为被动关系，即研究被开展，所以应用其过去分词形式作后置定语。故填conducted。 【38题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：同上。根据时间状语“over the past three decades”和语境可知，此处强调从过去持续到现在的下降趋势及对现在造成的影响和结果，应用现在完成时；主语“sunshine hours”为复数，助动词用have。故填have declined。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：印度9个地理差异显著的地区，全年日照时长均出现整体下降，尽管各地下降幅度不同。修饰形容词“diverse”，应用geographic的副词形式geographically作状语，意为“在地理上”。故填geographically。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：快速的城市化、工业发展和土地利用变化导致化石燃料使用量增加、生物质燃烧和汽车排放增多，使气溶胶进入大气，削弱了太阳光线。分析句子结构并根据空格前的“industrial”可知，此处应用grow的名词形式growth，与Rapid urbanization和land-use changes并列作主语，意为“发展”，为不可数名词。故填growth。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：冬季，印度河—恒河平原地区因雾霾、逆温和农作物燃烧导致的严重空气污染，会产生散射光线的气溶胶，从而减少日照时长。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“(light-scattering) aerosols”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which来引导。故填which。 【42题详解】 考查连词。句意：这些气溶胶 —— 来自灰尘、汽车尾气、农作物燃烧及其他来源的微小固体或液体颗粒 —— 在空气中停留的时间足以影响阳光、气候和健康。空格前后“dust, vehicle exhaust, crop burning”与“other sources”为并列关系，应用连词and来连接，表示“和”。故填and。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：坎普尔印度理工学院的大气科学家Sachchida Nand Tripathi表示，1993年至2022年间，气溶胶使印度到达地面的阳光量减少了约13%。“atmospheric scientist”为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一位大气科学家”，且“atmospheric”以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an来修饰。故填an。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：一些印度科学家对农业、日常生活和印度的太阳能发展目标表示担忧。“show concern about/for/over”为固定短语，意为“对……表示担忧”，符合语境。故填about/for/over。 【45题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：目前，太阳能占印度可再生能源装机容量的47%。根据时间状语“at present”可知，此处描述的是现在的客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语Solar 为第三人称单数，谓语动词make用第三人称单数形式。故填makes。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分)(原创) 46. 假设你是李华，上周你答应帮你外国朋友Peter补习中文，但因临时参加学校紧急组织的“中华魂”汉语演讲比赛（The “Soul of China” Mandarin Speech Competition）集训，未能按时赴约，也未及时告知他。请你给Peter写一封道歉信，内容包括： 1. 表达诚挚的歉意； 2. 说明失约的原因； 3. 提出弥补的办法。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯； 3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Peter, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, I’m writing to apologize sincerely. I promised to help you with Chinese last week but failed to show up, nor did I tell you in time. I feel really guilty. The reason is our school held an urgent training camp for the “Soul of China” Mandarin Speech Competition. I was selected to join and had to rush to the training, which made me forget to inform you. To make up, could we meet this weekend? I’ll prepare extra materials to help you catch up. Please let me know your schedule. Again, sorry for the trouble I caused. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给外国朋友Peter写一封道歉信，对未能按时帮助他补习中文表达歉意、说明原因并提出弥补办法。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 露面：show up → turn up 内疚的：guilty → remorseful 紧急的：urgent → pressing 弥补：make up → compensate for 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’ll prepare extra materials to help you catch up. 拓展句：I’ll prepare extra materials which can help you catch up. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I promised to help you with Chinese last week but failed to show up, nor did I tell you in time.(运用了“nor”引导的部分倒装结构) 【高分句型2】The reason is our school held an urgent training camp for the “Soul of China” Mandarin Speech Competition.(运用了省略引导词that的表语从句) 【高分句型3】I was selected to join and had to rush to the training, which made me forget to inform you.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子) 第二节(满分25分)(原创) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was only two weeks before the school drama festival, but our Drama Club was in crisis. Our play The Lost World had a sudden accident — Lily, who played the lead role, hurt her ankle during practice and couldn’t perform. Without her, we had to either cancel the performance or find a replacement quickly. The whole team felt hopeless, because no one else knew her lines well enough. As the club’s scriptwriter (编剧), I called an emergency meeting after school to discuss whether there was anyone willing to take over Lily’s role. The whole room fell silent, with no one making a sound. Lily’s lines were long and emotional, and learning them in two weeks seemed impossible. I looked around — some members stared at their shoes silently; others whispered anxiously. Suddenly, Emma, a quiet girl who usually worked backstage, raised her hand. “I can try,” she said softly. “I’ve watched every practice and memorized most of the lines. I know I’m not as confident as Lily, but I don’t want our hard work to be wasted” Everyone was shocked. Emma had never acted before, but her eyes showed determination. We decided to give Emma a chance. However, during the first practice with her, she froze up several times and forgot her lines. Some teammates sighed in disappointment, and I could see Emma’s eyes filling with tears. Seeing her sitting alone silently at the back after practising, I walked over and put my hand on her shoulder: “No one becomes perfect overnight. We’ll practice with you every day. ” For the next weeks, we stayed after school, repeating scenes until Emma’s performance became more natural. Every member helped— some prepared backdrops and props; others practised acting and lines with her again and again. To much Emma’s relief, Lily even offered her some practical advice through video calls. Slowly, she became more and more confident and her performance became better and better. On the night of the festival, the auditorium was packed with teachers and students. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 As Emma walked onto the stage, I could see her hands shaking a little. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the performance, the audience’s reaction surprised everyone. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 As Emma walked onto the stage, I could see her hands shaking a little. She took a deep breath, glanced at our team and started. Her first line was steady. Though she paused once, she quickly relaxed, pouring emotion into her words. When acting out the danger scene, her voice trembled with the role’s fear, not nervousness. I held my breath, watching her move naturally, just like we’d practiced countless times. Soon, no one remembered she was a replacement. After the performance, the audience’s reaction surprised everyone. Silence hung briefly before the auditorium erupted in cheers. Students stood waving, teachers nodded in praise. Lily, in a wheelchair by the door, cried and clapped hard. Emma froze for a moment, then bowed deeply with tears in her eyes. We rushed to hug her. “You did it!” I said. She laughed through tears, “We did it.” That night, we learned teamwork turns crisis into wonder. Our play’s success was more than a show; it was an unforgettable lesson. 【解析】 【导语】本文以戏剧节演出为线索，讲述了戏剧社在女主角受伤后面临危机，原本负责幕后工作的Emma勇敢站出来接替角色，经过团队共同努力，最终演出成功的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句“当Emma走上舞台时，我能看到她的手在微微颤抖。”可知，第一段可描写Emma走上舞台后的表演情况，如，她虽然一开始有些紧张，但很快进入状态，表演自然流畅，将角色情感展现得淋漓尽致。 ②由第二段首句“表演结束后，观众的反应让每个人都感到惊讶。”可知，第二段可描写观众对Emma表演的反应及作者的感悟，如，他们爆发出热烈的掌声和欢呼声，Emma和团队成员们激动不已，这次经历让作者深刻体会到团队合作的力量。 2. 续写线索： Emma登台紧张——渐入佳境投入表演——演出成功——观众欢呼——社员相拥——感悟团队力量 3.词汇激活 行为类： ①扫了一眼：glance at/cast a look at ②爆发：erupt/break out ③冲向：rush to/hurry to ④拥抱：hug/embrace 情感类： ①恐惧：fear/terror ②紧张：nervousness/tension ③赞扬：praise/commend 【点睛】【高分句型 1】Though she paused once, she quickly relaxed, pouring emotion into her words.（运用了though引导的让步状语从句及现在分词短语pouring emotion into her words作状语） 【高分句型 2】That night, we learned teamwork turns crisis into wonder.（运用了省略连接词that的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $