专题01 语法串讲1（一般将来时、过去进行时、形容词的级）（期末复习讲义）八年级英语上学期新教材仁爱科普版

该初中英语期末复习讲义通过表格归纳与分点解析系统构建语法知识体系，涵盖一般将来时、过去进行时、形容词的级三大核心语法点，用表格对比常考题型与命题趋势，分知识点详解一般将来时的谓语构成及will与be going to的区别，过去进行时的时间状语和when/while用法，形容词级的构成规则与比较等级句型，清晰呈现重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层递进的练习设计与核心素养导向，基础通关的单项选择（如“After this exam, you ________ a wonderful holiday next month.”）巩固基础，重难突破的语篇填空（结合“City bu city?”话题）提升语言运用能力，易混易错填空题强化思维辨析，链接中考的春节非遗语篇渗透文化意识。不同层次练习满足差异化需求，助力教师精准教学，支持学生自主复习提升。

专题01 语法串讲1（一般将来时、过去进行时、形容词的级） （期末复习讲义） 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 一般将来时、过去进行时、形容词的级 单项选择 语法选择 语法填空等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 一般将来时 知识点01谓语构成： 是由“be(am/is/are) going to+动词原形”或“will/shall+动词原形”构成。 知识点02各种句式变化： 否定形式是在be, will, shall后直接加not，shall not的缩写shan’t，will not的缩写won’t。一般疑问句是把be, will, shall放到句首。如： I’m going to buy a computer this year. I’m not going to buy a computer this year. ---- Are you buy a computer this year? ---- Yes, I am. (No, I am not.) We shall go to the zoo. We shan’t go to the zoo. ---- Shall we go to the zoo? ---- Yes, we shall. (No, we shan’t.) I will play basketball with you. // I won’t play basketball with you. ---- Will you play basketball with us? ---- Yes, I will. (No, we won’t.) 知识点03一般将来时的用法 1 表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，谓语动词用“will＋动词原形”，常用的时间状语有：tomorrow, tomorrow morning(afternoon, evening), the day after tomorrow, next day(week, month, year), soon, some day, in the future,“in+一段时间”等。 ②“be going to+动词原形”表示计划、打算做某事，表示已经决定的、很可能发生的事，或有某种迹象表明要发生的事。如：I’m going to buy a computer this year. 我打算今年买台电脑。 1.They Beijing next week. 他们下周要去北京。 2.Mr. Wu us English this term. 这学期吴老师将教我们英语。 3.Look at the black clouds! It . 看看这乌云！快下雨了。 【注意】当be going to后接go或come时，通常直接用现在进行时来表示。如： Where is he going? 他去那里？ // She’s coming right away. 她马上就来。 知识点04以下几种情况只能用shall (will) 表示将来，而不能用be going to结构来表达。 will可用于所有人称；但shall作为will的一种替代形式，表示单纯将来时，一般用于主语为第一人称I和we时。以You and I, some of us, both of us, neither of us作主语时通常用will。Will和shall都可以缩写成-’ll。 ① 表示单纯的将来，与人的主观愿望和判断无关时。 ② 用于征求对方的意见或表示客气的邀请。 ③ 用来预言将来发生的事。如说出我们设想会发生的事，或者请对方预言将要发生什么事。 ④ 表示意愿。如：We will help her if she asks me. 我们将帮助她如果她叫我们。 1. we go to the zoo? 我们去动物园好吗？ 2. you play basketball with us? 你会和我们一起去打篮球吗？ 3.It stormy tomorrow. 明天将有暴风雨。 4.The sun at 6:00 tomorrow morning. 明天早上太阳将在六点升起。 知识点05 will 与be going to的区别 1）表示客观上某些事将来必然发生，与主观意愿无关，常用will。 2）“be going to+动词原形”结构，表示说话者明确的打算、安排、决定或确信会发生的事，多用于口语。 I eighteen next week. 下周我将十八岁。 There an English film this evening. 今晚将会有一场英语电影。 知识点06一般将来时的特殊表达形式 ① be + 动词不定式。表示有职责，义务，可能，约定，意图等。 ② be about + 动词不定式，表示马上，很快，即将发生的动作。如：They are about to leave. ③ 一些位移动词come, go, start, move, leave等词常用进行时态表示按计划将要发生的事情。 ④ 在由when, before, after, as soon as, until/till引导的时间状语从句和由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来。 There is to be a meeting this afternoon. We are to meet the guests at the station. Chen Hui is coming tonight. They are leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. We’ll start if it rain tomorrow. 如果天不下雨我们将开始。 I’ll give the book to him as soon as he back. 他一回来我就给那本书给他。 过去进行时 知识点01谓语构成： 由“助动词be的过去形式（was/were）+v-ing”。 知识点02各种句式变化： 否定形式是在be(was/were)后加not。一般疑问句是把be(was/were)放到句首。如： He was not waiting for me at that time. // ---- Was he waiting for me at that time? ---- Yes, he was.(No he wasn’t) 知识点03过去进行时的用法 ① 表示过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作。 ② 表示过去某一段时间内一直在做或持续进行的动作。 ③ 在复合句中，若主要动作和背景动作是同时发生的，那么主从句都可用过去进行时。如： ④ 表示从过去某一时间看来将要发生的动作，尤其是come, go, leave, start, begin, move等表示位置移动和起止的动词。 ⑤ 与现在进行时相似，过去进行时也通常与 always, forever, continually等副词连用，表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩。 1.They TV at ten o’clock last night. 昨晚十点他们在看电视。 2.I dinner when my husband got home yesterday afternoon. 我丈夫昨天下午到家时，我正在做晚饭。 3.What yesterday evening? 昨天晚上你一直在干些什么？ 4.He his homework between 8:00 and 9:00 on Sunday morning. 星期日八点到九点他一直在做作业。 5.Mary some reading while her younger brother was writing. 玛丽在看书，此时，她弟弟在写字。 6.She told me she Beijing next week. 她告诉我她下周动身去北京。 7.We two always . 我们俩老是吵架。 8.The boy was continually questions. 这孩子总是问东问西的。 知识点04过去进行时常见的时间状语 ① 过去进行时常与过去某一特定时间状语连用。常见的时间状语有：last night, at that time, at noon ② 也有时在没有时间状语的情况下，需要通过上下文的暗示或者在同一个句子中的推理来判定用过去进行时。如： yesterday, last Sunday等。 1.I was reading a book . 在那时我在看书。 2.I was watching TV . 昨晚八点钟的时候我在看电视。 3. , we all knew what we were studying for. 那时，我们都知道为什么而学习。 知识点05when和while的区别： ① 引导时间状语从句时，while 连接的是时间段，后常接延续性动词；而when连接的既可以是延续性动词也可以是非延续性动词。 ② while可以连接两个并列的句子，而when不可以。 ③ when可作特殊疑问词，对时间进行提问；while 不能。 1. were you born? 你是什么时候出生的？ 2.What was your father doing your mother was cooking？你妈妈做饭的时候，你爸爸在干什么呢？ 3.What was your mother doing you came back? 当你回来时，你妈妈在干什么呢？ 4.I was trying my best to finish my work my sister was watching TV. 我当时正在尽力完成作业，而我的妹妹正在看电视。 知识点06过去进行时和一般过去时的用法比较 ① 过去进行时往往表示动作的未完成性，而一般过去时则往往表示动作已完成。 ②过去进行时侧重说明动作持续时间的长度，而一般过去时则侧重说明事实。 1.He his homework in the afternoon. (没有言明作业是否完成) 2.He his homework in the afternoon. (作业已做完) 3. It all night. (只说明下雨事实) 形容词的级 形容词的比较级和最高级构成规律 知识点01 规则变化 1. 一般在词尾直接加 。如：tall-taller-tallest; long-longer-longest; soon-sooner-soonest; hard-harder-hardest等。 2. 以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加 。如：nice-nicer-nicest, late-later-latest等。 3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的词， 。如：heavy-heavier-heaviest; early-earlier-earliest等。 4. 重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母， 。如：big-bigger-biggest等。 【注意】大，红，湿，热，悲，瘦，胖；双写末辅再变级。（big/red/wet/hot/sad/thin/fat） 5. 部分双音节词和多音节词，分别是在原级前加more构成比较级和在原级前加most构成最高级。如： often-more often-most often; beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful等。 【注意】表示否定意义的比较级和最高级可以在其前加less /least。如：important-less important-least important等。 English is more interesting than Chinese =Chinese is less interesting than English. 6. 由“形容词+ly”构成的副词，分别是在原级前加more构成比较级和在原级前加most构成最高级。如： slowly-more slowly-most slowly；quickly-more quickly- most quickly等。但early(形容词)-earlier-earliest例外。 知识点02不规则变化（好坏多少老远） 原 级 比较级 最高级 good好的 更好的 最好的 well好；(身体)好的 bad,badly糟糕的，糟糕地 更糟糕的，更糟糕地；(身体)更不舒服的 最糟糕的，最糟糕地；(身体)最不舒服的 ill(身体)不舒服的 many许多的(可数) 更多的；更 much许多的(不可数)；非常 little少的 更少的 最少的 old旧的，老的，年长的 较旧的，较老的 最旧的，最老的 较年长的 最年长的 far远的；远地 (指距离)更远的；更远地 (指距离)最远的/地 (指程度)进一步的/地 (指程度)最深刻的/地 下列单、双音节词只能加more和most。如：like, real, right, glad, tired, pleased, often, exact等。 【注意】有些形容词如：dead, empty, sure, round, woolen等无比较级和最高级。 形容词比较等级的用法 知识点01 原级的用法 ⒈ 讲述某人/物自身的情况时，用原级。只能修饰原级的词有：very, quite, so, too, rather。基本句型为： “主语(sb./sth)+谓语动词+(very/too/so/quite/rather…)+形容词/副词原级 +其它.” He is very old now. They ran quite fast. The weather looks rather bad. I am so happy! ⒉ 原级常用的句型结构 ⑴ 表示两者之间没有差别时，即A= B，使用句型：“A +谓语动词+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B+其它.” Tom is as old as Kate. He is as excited as his younger sister. Lily rode her bike as slowly as an old lady. ⑵ 表示A比不上B时，即A＜B，使用句型：“A+谓语动词(否定式)+as/so+形容词/副词原级+as+B+其它.”（so只能用于否定句中，as既可以用于肯定句也可以用于否定句中） This room is not as/so big as that one. He doesn’t walk as slowly as you. 【注意】在as ... as结构中，若形容词作定语修饰单数可数名词，不定冠词a (an)应置于形容词和名词之间，不可放在形容词之前。as…as结构前可用just, almost, nearly, quite等表示程度的词修饰。 She is your father. 她和你的父亲一样是个好老师。 “as (so)+名词+as+名词”进行名词比较，这时一般情况下有一个表示原级的比较词，但如果第一名词前出现了形容词修饰该词或出现副词修饰谓语，应当用so而不用as。not so much…as (或not…so much as)的意思是“不如……那样多”或“与其说是……不如说是……”。 Henry is a reporter. 与其说亨利是一个作家不如说是一个记者。 They weren’t sandbars. 与其说那是些岛屿，还不如说都是些沙洲。 ⒊ 表示“相当于……的一半/两倍/三倍……”等时，用“half/twice/three/four/…times as+形容词原级+as”句型。 This book is half as thick as that one. This garden is ten times as large as that one. ⒋“the same＋名词＋as”表示同等比较。 I’m the same tall as you. 知识点02 比较级的用法 1. 比较级常用句型结构： ⑴ 表示两者比较，A超过B时，用比较级。基本句型为：“A+谓语动词(系动词)+形容词/副词比较级+than+B+ 其它”。连词than后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、-ing结构和-ed结构，有时也可省去than。 He works harder than I. This book didn’t cost me more than that one. ⑵ 表示两者比较，A不及B时，用比较级。句型是：“A+谓语动词+less+(多音节形/副)比较级+than+B+其它”。 I think English is less difficult than maths. Do you think it less important to learn a foreign language? ⑶ “the+比较级+of the two”表示“两者中较……的一个”。 Wang Gang is the taller of the two boys. Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two. ⑷ “ ”表示“越来越……”，注意多音节形容词或副词用“more and more+多音节形容词或副词原级”。 The weather is getting warmer and warmer. The days are getting longer and longer. He becomes fatter and fatter. English is becoming more and more important. ⑸ “The + 比较级……，the + 比较级……”表示“ ” The more trees we plant, the better it will be. The harder you try, the greater your progress is. ⑹ “特殊疑问词+be+形容词/副词的比较级+甲or乙？”用于两者之间的比较。 Which do you like better, the blue coat or the white coat? 易｜错｜点｜拨 需注意的比较级的用法： ⑴ 比较级前还可以用a little, much, far, a lot, still, even等来修饰。以上词（除by far）外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。 Tom looks even younger than before. Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two. ⑵ than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致。 My pencil is longer than yours (your pencil). ⑶ 用比较级表示最高级含义的常用句型有： 1 比较级+than+any other+单数名词。 Xiaoming is taller than any other boy in his class.=Xiaoming is taller than(any of)the other boys in his class.=Xiaoming is the tallest boy in his class. 2 比较级+than+the other+复数名词。 Tom is taller than the other boys in our class. 3 比较级+than+anyone else。 Tom is taller than anyone else in our class. 4 比较级+than+all other+复数名词。 This building is higher than all other buildings in Beijing. 5 Nobody else+比较级+than …。 Nobody else is taller than Tom in our class. ⑥ 有关的否定词+比较级。如： No other books has had a greater influence on my work and study. I never read a more interesting book. 知识点03 最高级的用法 1. 最高级常用句型结构： ⑴ 表示三者或三者以上进行比较用最高级。基本句型为：主语+谓语动+形容词/副词最高级+in/of/among+表示比较范围的名词、短语或从句。（of/among+人或物的复数形式，表示“在……之中的；在……中”；“in+地点、范围”表示“在……之中”。 He runs fastest in our class. This is the biggest apple I have ever met. He is the best among the students. ⑵“one of +the +形容词最高级+ 名词”表示“最……之一”。 He is one of the cleverest students in our class. Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in the world. ⑶“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比较。 Which season do you like (the) best, spring, summer or autumn? 2. 需注意的最高级的用法： ⑴ 副词的最高级前the 可省掉。如：Of all the boys he came (the) earliest. ⑵ 形容词最高级前一般要加定冠词the，但如果形容词最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格修饰时，其前不加the；若两个最高级并列使用，后一个最高级前也可以不加the。 ⑶ most 同形容词连用而不用 the，表示“极，很，非常，十分”。 ⑷ 最高级可被序数词及much, by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not quite, not really, nothing like等词语所修饰。 He is our best friend. Liu Fang is the youngest and shortest girl in our class. It’s most dangerous to be here. I cannot do it, it’s most difficult. It’s today’s most important news. This hat is by far/much/nearly/almost/not nearly/by no means/not quite/nothing like the biggest. How much did the second most expensive hat coat? The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 1．After this exam, you ________ a wonderful holiday next month. Take it easy. A．have B．had C．will have 2．According to the weather report, there _________ a heavy rain in the next 24 hours. A．will have B．is going to be C．is 3．________ a report about history next Monday afternoon. A．There is B．There are C．There will be 4．We ________ a class meeting tomorrow. A．have B．will have C．are having 5．—Sam, do you want to go to the library with me next Monday? —Sorry. I ________ to visit my uncle with my parents that day. A．Go B．will go C．went 6．—When I heard of Yang Zhenning’s death that day, I ________ class at school. —Me, too. We all couldn’t believe it. A．had B．was having C．am having 7．—Why didn’t you answer my call at 9 last night? —Sorry, I ________ my phone at home. I ________ basketball in the park with my friends. A．forget; played B．left; played C．left; was playing 8．—Why didn’t you answer my telephone yesterday? —Sorry. I _________ a shower. A．took B．am taking C．was taking 9．—Mike, did you go to the movies at 8 last night? —No. I ________ my grandparents at that time. A．visit B．will visit C．was visiting 10．I ______ TV when my father came back yesterday. A．watch B．watched C．was watching 11．—I went to your home yesterday morning, but you weren’t in. —Well, I ________ along the river at that time. A．walked B．was walking C．am walking 12．The earthquake ________ while we ________ a meeting. A．struck; were having B．strikes; are having C．struck; had 13．This computer is ________ than that one, but it works much ________. A．much expensive; more slowly B．more expensive; more slower C．more expensive; more slowly 14．Remember this, Jack. ________ careful you are, ________ mistakes you will make. A．The more ; the more B．The more ; the less C．The more ; the fewer 15．—I’m proud of Ezhou, our homeland. —So am I. It is becoming ________. A． more and more beautifully B． more beautiful and beautiful C．more and more beautiful 16．I think Jay Chou’s “Mojito” is ________ than his last song. A．more better B．the best C．much better 17．Doing eye exercises ________ one of the ________ ways to protect (保护) our eyes. A．is, most useful B．are, more useful C．are, most useful 18．—Do you like English? —Yes. I think it’s _________ subject of all. A．more interesting B．the most interesting C．the most difficult 19．—Super Brain is a hit TV show recently. Which competitor do you like best? —I think Zhao Jinhao is one of ________ competitors among them. A．smart B．the smartest C．smartest 20．—How ________ Li Ming writes! —Yes, he is the ________ in our class. A．carefully; most careful B．careful; most careful C．carefully; more careful 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） （24-25八年级上·福建福州·期末）阅读下面短文，根据语境和所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰 当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Drinking a cup of milk tea with friends? That’s “city”. Visiting the Great Wall of China? Not “city”. Riding a bike down Shanghai’s Anfu Road? Quite “city”. If you don’t get it, let me explain it to you. “City bu city?” is one of the 1 (hot) topics on Chinese social media. You can use it to talk about 2 someone, or something is urban (都市的) and modern or not. Paul Mike Ashton, a Shanghai-based American blogger, used “City bu city?” for the 3 (one) time. His name on the Internet is “BaoBao Xiong”. He has great fun 4 (share) travel experiences in China on Douyin and Xiaohongshu. Ashton 5 (become) popular after he shared a video of him asking his sister “City bu city?” on the Great Wall. 6 word “city” has now taken on a new meaning as an adjective (形容词). Ashton says that it not only means something that happens in the city, but also “something that gives you a great love for 7 (you) life”. In recent years, a great number of foreign 8 (visit) like Ashton share their experiences of visiting China online. Topics about traveling in China 9 (be) becoming more and more popular. Now people around the world can learn more 10 different parts of modern Chinese society and Chinese way of life. And all of these are shown in a more emotional (感性的), friendly and natural way. 易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 1．Among the three of them, who spent (little) time on schoolwork? 2．Maths is my (good) subject. 3．He is one of the best (coach) I have ever met. I believe he can teach me a lot. 4．Which is the plant in the world, bamboo, peony or ginko? (use) 5．One of (move) pieces of music that I have ever heard is Liangzhu. 6．She sings very well. She is one of the best (singer) in our school. 7．She is one of the (hard-working) persons I know. 8．The (big) land animal in the world is the African elephant. 9．The (tiny) bird in the world, the bee hummingbird (蜂鸟), weighs less than a penny. 10．This is the (beautiful) park I have ever seen. I love it very much. 链接中考（测试时间：15分钟） （24-25九年级上·江苏泰州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式（每空不限填一词）。 The Spring Festival is the oldest festival in China. It dates back more than 4,000 years. It’s also the country’s most important traditional festival. Now this Chinese cultural symbol has been 1 (success) added to UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) List (非遗名录). The decision 2 (make) at a meeting on December 4th, 2024. Rao Quan is a vice minister (副部长) of culture and tourism. He expressed thanks at the meeting. The Spring Festival, he said, stands for the Chinese people’s hopes for 3 better life. Over many generations (代), 4 has provided lasting spiritual strength for the Chinese people, he added. The festival falls on the first day of the Chinese calendar. It marks the 5 (begin) of the new year. Preparations for it begin weeks before Chinese New Year’s Day. Celebrations last 6 the Lantern Festival. The activities 7 (include) prayers (祈祷) for health and good luck. Many other old traditions also stand. People hang up red lanterns and set off fireworks, for example. These practices are used 8 (keep) harmful spirits away. They also write the Chinese character Fu and put up Spring Festival couplets (春联) on their doors for good luck. Paper-cutting, dragon dances and Lantern Festival events are important parts of the celebration as well. Together they form some of the 9 (happy) days of the year for Chinese people. The Spring Festival is a public holiday in almost 20 countries. About 20% of the 10 (human) celebrate it in the world. Now China has 44 items on the UNESCO ICH List, more than any other country. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 语法串讲1（一般将来时、过去进行时、形容词的级） （期末复习讲义） 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 一般将来时、过去进行时、形容词的级 单项选择 语法选择 语法填空等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 一般将来时 知识点01谓语构成： 是由“be(am/is/are) going to+动词原形”或“will/shall+动词原形”构成。 知识点02各种句式变化： 否定形式是在be, will, shall后直接加not，shall not的缩写shan’t，will not的缩写won’t。一般疑问句是把be, will, shall放到句首。如： I’m going to buy a computer this year. I’m not going to buy a computer this year. ---- Are you buy a computer this year? ---- Yes, I am. (No, I am not.) We shall go to the zoo. We shan’t go to the zoo. ---- Shall we go to the zoo? ---- Yes, we shall. (No, we shan’t.) I will play basketball with you. // I won’t play basketball with you. ---- Will you play basketball with us? ---- Yes, I will. (No, we won’t.) 知识点03一般将来时的用法 1 表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，谓语动词用“will＋动词原形”，常用的时间状语有：tomorrow, tomorrow morning(afternoon, evening), the day after tomorrow, next day(week, month, year), soon, some day, in the future,“in+一段时间”等。 ②“be going to+动词原形”表示计划、打算做某事，表示已经决定的、很可能发生的事，或有某种迹象表明要发生的事。如：I’m going to buy a computer this year. 我打算今年买台电脑。 1.They will leave for Beijing next week. 他们下周要去北京。 2.Mr. Wu will teach us English this term. 这学期吴老师将教我们英语。 3.Look at the black clouds! It’s going to rain. 看看这乌云！快下雨了。 【注意】当be going to后接go或come时，通常直接用现在进行时来表示。如： Where is he going? 他去那里？ // She’s coming right away. 她马上就来。 知识点04以下几种情况只能用shall (will) 表示将来，而不能用be going to结构来表达。 will可用于所有人称；但shall作为will的一种替代形式，表示单纯将来时，一般用于主语为第一人称I和we时。以You and I, some of us, both of us, neither of us作主语时通常用will。Will和shall都可以缩写成-’ll。 ① 表示单纯的将来，与人的主观愿望和判断无关时。 ② 用于征求对方的意见或表示客气的邀请。 ③ 用来预言将来发生的事。如说出我们设想会发生的事，或者请对方预言将要发生什么事。 ④ 表示意愿。如：We will help her if she asks me. 我们将帮助她如果她叫我们。 1.Shall we go to the zoo? 我们去动物园好吗？ 2.Will you play basketball with us? 你会和我们一起去打篮球吗？ 3.It will be stormy tomorrow. 明天将有暴风雨。 4.The sun will rise at 6:00 tomorrow morning. 明天早上太阳将在六点升起。 知识点05 will 与be going to的区别 1）表示客观上某些事将来必然发生，与主观意愿无关，常用will。 2）“be going to+动词原形”结构，表示说话者明确的打算、安排、决定或确信会发生的事，多用于口语。 I’ll be eighteen next week. 下周我将十八岁。 There is going to be an English film this evening. 今晚将会有一场英语电影。 知识点06一般将来时的特殊表达形式 ① be + 动词不定式。表示有职责，义务，可能，约定，意图等。 ② be about + 动词不定式，表示马上，很快，即将发生的动作。如：They are about to leave. ③ 一些位移动词come, go, start, move, leave等词常用进行时态表示按计划将要发生的事情。 ④ 在由when, before, after, as soon as, until/till引导的时间状语从句和由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来。 There is to be a meeting this afternoon. We are to meet the guests at the station. Chen Hui is coming tonight. They are leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. We’ll start if it doesn’t rain tomorrow. 如果天不下雨我们将开始。 I’ll give the book to him as soon as he comes back. 他一回来我就给那本书给他。 过去进行时 知识点01谓语构成： 由“助动词be的过去形式（was/were）+v-ing”。 知识点02各种句式变化： 否定形式是在be(was/were)后加not。一般疑问句是把be(was/were)放到句首。如： He was not waiting for me at that time. // ---- Was he waiting for me at that time? ---- Yes, he was.(No he wasn’t) 知识点03过去进行时的用法 ① 表示过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作。 ② 表示过去某一段时间内一直在做或持续进行的动作。 ③ 在复合句中，若主要动作和背景动作是同时发生的，那么主从句都可用过去进行时。如： ④ 表示从过去某一时间看来将要发生的动作，尤其是come, go, leave, start, begin, move等表示位置移动和起止的动词。 ⑤ 与现在进行时相似，过去进行时也通常与 always, forever, continually等副词连用，表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩。 1.They were watching TV at ten o’clock last night. 昨晚十点他们在看电视。 2.I was cooking dinner when my husband got home yesterday afternoon. 我丈夫昨天下午到家时，我正在做晚饭。 3.What were you doing yesterday evening? 昨天晚上你一直在干些什么？ 4.He was doing his homework between 8:00 and 9:00 on Sunday morning. 星期日八点到九点他一直在做作业。 5.Mary was doing some reading while her younger brother was writing. 玛丽在看书，此时，她弟弟在写字。 6.She told me she was leaving for Beijing next week. 她告诉我她下周动身去北京。 7.We two were always quarrelling. 我们俩老是吵架。 8.The boy was continually asking questions. 这孩子总是问东问西的。 知识点04过去进行时常见的时间状语 ① 过去进行时常与过去某一特定时间状语连用。常见的时间状语有：last night, at that time, at noon ② 也有时在没有时间状语的情况下，需要通过上下文的暗示或者在同一个句子中的推理来判定用过去进行时。如： yesterday, last Sunday等。 1.I was reading a book at that time. 在那时我在看书。 2.I was watching TV at 8 o’clock yesterday evening. 昨晚八点钟的时候我在看电视。 3.At that time, we all knew what we were studying for. 那时，我们都知道为什么而学习。 知识点05when和while的区别： ① 引导时间状语从句时，while 连接的是时间段，后常接延续性动词；而when连接的既可以是延续性动词也可以是非延续性动词。 ② while可以连接两个并列的句子，而when不可以。 ③ when可作特殊疑问词，对时间进行提问；while 不能。 1.When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的？ 2.What was your father doing while your mother was cooking？你妈妈做饭的时候，你爸爸在干什么呢？ 3.What was your mother doing when you came back? 当你回来时，你妈妈在干什么呢？ 4.I was trying my best to finish my work while my sister was watching TV. 我当时正在尽力完成作业，而我的妹妹正在看电视。 知识点06过去进行时和一般过去时的用法比较 ① 过去进行时往往表示动作的未完成性，而一般过去时则往往表示动作已完成。 ②过去进行时侧重说明动作持续时间的长度，而一般过去时则侧重说明事实。 1.He was doing his homework in the afternoon. (没有言明作业是否完成) 2.He did his homework in the afternoon. (作业已做完) 3. It rained all night. (只说明下雨事实) 形容词的级 形容词的比较级和最高级构成规律 知识点01 规则变化 1. 一般在词尾直接加er或est。如：tall-taller-tallest; long-longer-longest; soon-sooner-soonest; hard-harder-hardest等。 2. 以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st。如：nice-nicer-nicest, late-later-latest等。 3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的词，把y变为i，再加er或est。如：heavy-heavier-heaviest; early-earlier-earliest等。 4. 重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加er或est。如：big-bigger-biggest等。 【注意】大，红，湿，热，悲，瘦，胖；双写末辅再变级。（big/red/wet/hot/sad/thin/fat） 5. 部分双音节词和多音节词，分别是在原级前加more构成比较级和在原级前加most构成最高级。如： often-more often-most often; beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful等。 【注意】表示否定意义的比较级和最高级可以在其前加less /least。如：important-less important-least important等。 English is more interesting than Chinese =Chinese is less interesting than English. 6. 由“形容词+ly”构成的副词，分别是在原级前加more构成比较级和在原级前加most构成最高级。如： slowly-more slowly-most slowly；quickly-more quickly- most quickly等。但early(形容词)-earlier-earliest例外。 知识点02不规则变化（好坏多少老远） 原 级 比较级 最高级 good好的 better更好的 best最好的 well好；(身体)好的 bad,badly糟糕的，糟糕地 worse更糟糕的，更糟糕地；(身体)更不舒服的 worst最糟糕的，最糟糕地；(身体)最不舒服的 ill(身体)不舒服的 many许多的(可数) more更多的；更 most最多的；最 much许多的(不可数)；非常 little少的 less更少的 least最少的 old旧的，老的，年长的 older较旧的，较老的 oldest最旧的，最老的 elder较年长的 eldest最年长的 far远的；远地 farther(指距离)更远的；更远地 farthest(指距离)最远的/地 further(指程度)进一步的/地 furthest(指程度)最深刻的/地 下列单、双音节词只能加more和most。如：like, real, right, glad, tired, pleased, often, exact等。 【注意】有些形容词如：dead, empty, sure, round, woolen等无比较级和最高级。 形容词比较等级的用法 知识点01 原级的用法 ⒈ 讲述某人/物自身的情况时，用原级。只能修饰原级的词有：very, quite, so, too, rather。基本句型为： “主语(sb./sth)+谓语动词+(very/too/so/quite/rather…)+形容词/副词原级 +其它.” He is very old now. They ran quite fast. The weather looks rather bad. I am so happy! ⒉ 原级常用的句型结构 ⑴ 表示两者之间没有差别时，即A= B，使用句型：“A +谓语动词+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B+其它.” Tom is as old as Kate. He is as excited as his younger sister. Lily rode her bike as slowly as an old lady. ⑵ 表示A比不上B时，即A＜B，使用句型：“A+谓语动词(否定式)+as/so+形容词/副词原级+as+B+其它.”（so只能用于否定句中，as既可以用于肯定句也可以用于否定句中） This room is not as/so big as that one. He doesn’t walk as slowly as you. 【注意】在as ... as结构中，若形容词作定语修饰单数可数名词，不定冠词a (an)应置于形容词和名词之间，不可放在形容词之前。as…as结构前可用just, almost, nearly, quite等表示程度的词修饰。 She is as good a teacher as your father. 她和你的父亲一样是个好老师。 “as (so)+名词+as+名词”进行名词比较，这时一般情况下有一个表示原级的比较词，但如果第一名词前出现了形容词修饰该词或出现副词修饰谓语，应当用so而不用as。not so much…as (或not…so much as)的意思是“不如……那样多”或“与其说是……不如说是……”。 Henry is not so much a writer as a reporter. 与其说亨利是一个作家不如说是一个记者。 They weren’t so much islands as sandbars. 与其说那是些岛屿，还不如说都是些沙洲。 ⒊ 表示“相当于……的一半/两倍/三倍……”等时，用“half/twice/three/four/…times as+形容词原级+as”句型。 This book is half as thick as that one. This garden is ten times as large as that one. ⒋“the same＋名词＋as”表示同等比较。 I’m the same tall as you. 知识点02 比较级的用法 1. 比较级常用句型结构： ⑴ 表示两者比较，A超过B时，用比较级。基本句型为：“A+谓语动词(系动词)+形容词/副词比较级+than+B+ 其它”。连词than后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、-ing结构和-ed结构，有时也可省去than。 He works harder than I. This book didn’t cost me more than that one. ⑵ 表示两者比较，A不及B时，用比较级。句型是：“A+谓语动词+less+(多音节形/副)比较级+than+B+其它”。 I think English is less difficult than maths. Do you think it less important to learn a foreign language? ⑶ “the+比较级+of the two”表示“两者中较……的一个”。 Wang Gang is the taller of the two boys. Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two. ⑷ “比较级+ and+比较级”表示“越来越……”，注意多音节形容词或副词用“more and more+多音节形容词或副词原级”。 The weather is getting warmer and warmer. The days are getting longer and longer. He becomes fatter and fatter. English is becoming more and more important. ⑸ “The + 比较级……，the + 比较级……”表示“越……越……”、“越……就越……” The more trees we plant, the better it will be. The harder you try, the greater your progress is. ⑹ “特殊疑问词+be+形容词/副词的比较级+甲or乙？”用于两者之间的比较。 Which do you like better, the blue coat or the white coat? 易｜错｜点｜拨 需注意的比较级的用法： ⑴ 比较级前还可以用a little, much, far, a lot, still, even等来修饰。以上词（除by far）外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。 Tom looks even younger than before. Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two. ⑵ than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致。 My pencil is longer than yours (your pencil). ⑶ 用比较级表示最高级含义的常用句型有： 1 比较级+than+any other+单数名词。 Xiaoming is taller than any other boy in his class.=Xiaoming is taller than(any of)the other boys in his class.=Xiaoming is the tallest boy in his class. 2 比较级+than+the other+复数名词。 Tom is taller than the other boys in our class. 3 比较级+than+anyone else。 Tom is taller than anyone else in our class. 4 比较级+than+all other+复数名词。 This building is higher than all other buildings in Beijing. 5 Nobody else+比较级+than …。 Nobody else is taller than Tom in our class. ⑥ 有关的否定词+比较级。如： No other books has had a greater influence on my work and study. I never read a more interesting book. 知识点03 最高级的用法 1. 最高级常用句型结构： ⑴ 表示三者或三者以上进行比较用最高级。基本句型为：主语+谓语动+形容词/副词最高级+in/of/among+表示比较范围的名词、短语或从句。（of/among+人或物的复数形式，表示“在……之中的；在……中”；“in+地点、范围”表示“在……之中”。 He runs fastest in our class. This is the biggest apple I have ever met. He is the best among the students. ⑵“one of +the +形容词最高级+复数名词”表示“最……之一”。 He is one of the cleverest students in our class. Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in the world. ⑶“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比较。 Which season do you like (the) best, spring, summer or autumn? 2. 需注意的最高级的用法： ⑴ 副词的最高级前the 可省掉。如：Of all the boys he came (the) earliest. ⑵ 形容词最高级前一般要加定冠词the，但如果形容词最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格修饰时，其前不加the；若两个最高级并列使用，后一个最高级前也可以不加the。 ⑶ most 同形容词连用而不用 the，表示“极，很，非常，十分”。 ⑷ 最高级可被序数词及much, by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not quite, not really, nothing like等词语所修饰。 He is our best friend. Liu Fang is the youngest and shortest girl in our class. It’s most dangerous to be here. I cannot do it, it’s most difficult. It’s today’s most important news. This hat is by far/much/nearly/almost/not nearly/by no means/not quite/nothing like the biggest. How much did the second most expensive hat coat? The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 1．After this exam, you ________ a wonderful holiday next month. Take it easy. A．have B．had C．will have 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这次考试后，你下个月将会有一个美好的假期。放轻松。    考查一般将来时。根据“next month”可知，动作发生在将来，需用一般将来时。故选C。 2．According to the weather report, there _________ a heavy rain in the next 24 hours. A．will have B．is going to be C．is 【答案】B 【详解】句意：根据天气预报，未来24小时内将有一场大雨。 考查there be结构的将来时表达。根据“According to the weather report, there...a heavy rain in the next 24 hours.”可知，句子时态是一般将来时态，there be结构的将来时常用“there will be”或“there is going to be”表示预测或计划。故选B。 3．________ a report about history next Monday afternoon. A．There is B．There are C．There will be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下周一下午将有一个关于历史的报告。 考查there be句型的一般将来时。There is是一般现在时，且主语是单数；There are是一般现在时，且主语是复数；There will be是一般将来时。根据时间状语“next Monday afternoon”，可知此处句子是一般将来时。故选C。 4．We ________ a class meeting tomorrow. A．have B．will have C．are having 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们明天要开一个班会。 考查一般将来时。根据“tomorrow”可知，句子应用一般将来时，即will+动词原形。故选B。 5．—Sam, do you want to go to the library with me next Monday? —Sorry. I ________ to visit my uncle with my parents that day. A．Go B．will go C．went 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Sam，下周一你想和我一起去图书馆吗？——抱歉。那天我要和我的父母去看望我的叔叔。 考查一般将来时。根据时间状语“that day”(指下周一) 可知，动作尚未发生，时态应用一般将来时，其结构为：will+动词原形。故选B。 6．—When I heard of Yang Zhenning’s death that day, I ________ class at school. —Me, too. We all couldn’t believe it. A．had B．was having C．am having 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——当我那天听说杨振宁去世的消息时，我正在学校上课。——我也是。我们都不敢相信。 考查时态辨析。had有，一般过去时；was having正在上课，过去进行时；am having正在上课，现在进行时。根据“When I heard of Yang Zhenning’s death that day”可知，此处表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时。故选B。 7．—Why didn’t you answer my call at 9 last night? —Sorry, I ________ my phone at home. I ________ basketball in the park with my friends. A．forget; played B．left; played C．left; was playing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——为什么昨晚九点你没接我的电话？——对不起，我把手机忘在家里了。我和朋友们在公园打篮球。 考查动词辨析和时态。第一个空，forget忘记，侧重忘记某事；leave落下，侧重把某物落在某地。此处表示手机落在家里，故用“left”。第二个空，根据“at 9 last night”可知，表示过去某一具体时间点正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时“was playing”。故选C。 8．—Why didn’t you answer my telephone yesterday? —Sorry. I _________ a shower. A．took B．am taking C．was taking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你昨天为什么不接我的电话？——抱歉。我当时正在洗澡。 考查过去进行时。根据“Why didn’t you answer my telephone yesterday”和“a shower”可知，此处强调过去某个特定时间点，正在进行的动作，即昨天电话响时，正在洗澡，应用过去进行时，结构为was/were doing。故选C。 9．—Mike, did you go to the movies at 8 last night? —No. I ________ my grandparents at that time. A．visit B．will visit C．was visiting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Mike，你昨晚8点去看电影了吗？——没有。我那时正在拜访我的祖父母。 考查动词时态。根据“at 8 last night”和“at that time”可知，表示过去某个具体时间点正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，结构是was/were + doing。故选C。 10．I ______ TV when my father came back yesterday. A．watch B．watched C．was watching 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天当我的爸爸回来时，我正在看电视。 考查过去进行时。根据“when my father came back yesterday”可知此处时态为过去进行时，其谓语结构为“was/were+doing”，故选C。 11．—I went to your home yesterday morning, but you weren’t in. —Well, I ________ along the river at that time. A．walked B．was walking C．am walking 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我昨天早上去了你家，但你不在。——嗯，那时我正沿着河边散步。 考查时态。根据“I went to your home yesterday morning”及“at that time”可知，时态为过去进行时，结构为was/were doing。故选B。 12．The earthquake ________ while we ________ a meeting. A．struck; were having B．strikes; are having C．struck; had 【答案】A 【详解】句意：地震发生时，我们正在开会。 考查一般过去时和过去进行时。句子应用过去时，while引导的时间状语从句一般采用进行时态，即在此句中应采用过去进行时，其谓语结构为：was/were+现在分词。故选A。 13．This computer is ________ than that one, but it works much ________. A．much expensive; more slowly B．more expensive; more slower C．more expensive; more slowly 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这台电脑比那台贵，但它运行得更慢。 考查形容词和副词的比较级用法。much expensive表达错误，much修饰比较级；more slowly更慢地，为副词比较级；more expensive更贵的；more slower表达错误，slower已经是比较级，不能加more。第一个空中“than”表示比较，expensive为多音节形容词，比较级需用more expensive；第二个空中“works”是动词，需用副词修饰，且“much”修饰比较级，slowly为多音节副词，比较级为more slowly。故选C。 14．Remember this, Jack. ________ careful you are, ________ mistakes you will make. A．The more ; the more B．The more ; the less C．The more ; the fewer 【答案】C 【详解】句意：记住这一点，杰克。你越仔细，犯的错误就越少。 考查“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构和形容词比较级辨析。“The+比较级…, the+比较级…”表示“越……就越……”；mistakes“错误”，为可数名词复数。结合句意可知，表示“更少的错误”，需用fewer (修饰可数名词复数)；more“更多的”，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，less“更少的”，修饰不可数名词。故选C。 15．—I’m proud of Ezhou, our homeland. —So am I. It is becoming ________. A． more and more beautifully B． more beautiful and beautiful C．more and more beautiful 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我为我的家乡鄂州而自豪。——我也是。它变得越来越漂亮。 考查形容词比较级。more and more beautifully为副词短语，不能作表语；more beautiful and beautiful结构错误，不符合固定表达；more and more beautiful越来越漂亮。becoming是系动词，后接形容词作表语；表示“越来越”用“比较级+and+比较级”结构，beautiful为多音节形容词，应用more and more beautiful。故选C。 16．I think Jay Chou’s “Mojito” is ________ than his last song. A．more better B．the best C．much better 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我认为周杰伦的《莫吉托》比他上一首歌好得多。    考查形容词比较级的用法。more better错误表达；the best最高级，用于三者及以上的比较；much better好得多，表示程度。根据句中“than”可知，此处需用比较级，且“much+比较级”符合语法规则。故选C。 17．Doing eye exercises ________ one of the ________ ways to protect (保护) our eyes. A．is, most useful B．are, more useful C．are, most useful 【答案】A 【详解】句意：做眼保健操是保护我们眼睛的最有用的方法之一。 考查主谓一致和形容词最高级用法。主语Doing eye exercises为动名词短语，表示单数概念，谓语动词应用单数形式is。one of the后需接形容词最高级，表示“最……的之一”。more useful“更有用”，为比较级；most useful“最有用的”，是最高级。故选A。 18．—Do you like English? —Yes. I think it’s _________ subject of all. A．more interesting B．the most interesting C．the most difficult 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你喜欢英语吗？——是的。我认为它是所有科目中最有趣的。 考查形容词最高级。more interesting更有趣的（形容词比较级）；the most interesting最有趣的（形容词最高级）；the most interesting最难的（形容词最高级）。空格后“of all”表示“在所有科目中”，需用最高级形式；问句询问是否喜欢英语，答语表示肯定，即喜欢英语，觉得英语最有趣，要用the most imteresting。故选B。 19．—Super Brain is a hit TV show recently. Which competitor do you like best? —I think Zhao Jinhao is one of ________ competitors among them. A．smart B．the smartest C．smartest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——《最强大脑》是最近很受欢迎的电视节目。你最喜欢哪个参赛者？——我认为赵金浩是他们当中最聪明的参赛者之一。 考查形容词最高级。smart聪明的，形容词原级；the smartest最聪明的，形容词最高级；smartest最聪明的，形容词最高级，但缺少定冠词the。根据“I think Zhao Jinhao is one of...competitors among them.”可知，此处是one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数“最……之一”，所以空处需用形容词最高级the smartest。故选B。 20．—How ________ Li Ming writes! —Yes, he is the ________ in our class. A．carefully; most careful B．careful; most careful C．carefully; more careful 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——李明写得多认真啊！——是的，他在我们班是最认真的。 考查副词修饰动词和形容词最高级的用法。careful仔细的；carefully仔细地。第一空修饰动词“writes”，需用副词“carefully”；第二空表示在班级中的比较，需用最高级“most careful”。故选A。 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） （24-25八年级上·福建福州·期末）阅读下面短文，根据语境和所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰 当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Drinking a cup of milk tea with friends? That’s “city”. Visiting the Great Wall of China? Not “city”. Riding a bike down Shanghai’s Anfu Road? Quite “city”. If you don’t get it, let me explain it to you. “City bu city?” is one of the 1 (hot) topics on Chinese social media. You can use it to talk about 2 someone, or something is urban (都市的) and modern or not. Paul Mike Ashton, a Shanghai-based American blogger, used “City bu city?” for the 3 (one) time. His name on the Internet is “BaoBao Xiong”. He has great fun 4 (share) travel experiences in China on Douyin and Xiaohongshu. Ashton 5 (become) popular after he shared a video of him asking his sister “City bu city?” on the Great Wall. 6 word “city” has now taken on a new meaning as an adjective (形容词). Ashton says that it not only means something that happens in the city, but also “something that gives you a great love for 7 (you) life”. In recent years, a great number of foreign 8 (visit) like Ashton share their experiences of visiting China online. Topics about traveling in China 9 (be) becoming more and more popular. Now people around the world can learn more 10 different parts of modern Chinese society and Chinese way of life. And all of these are shown in a more emotional (感性的), friendly and natural way. 【答案】1．hottest 2．whether 3．first 4．sharing 5．became 6．The 7．your 8．visitors 9．are 10．about 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“City bu city”这一网络热词的来源和含义。 1．句意：“City bu city”是中国社交媒体上最热门的话题之一。根据“one of the...topics”可知本题考查固定搭配“one of +最高级+名词复数”，意为“最……之一”，故本题空格处应填hot的最高级，故填hottest。 2．句意：你可以用它来讨论某人或某物是不是很现代或者潮流。根据“You can use it to talk about...someone, or something is urban (都市的) and modern or not.”可知，且空格后是about的宾语从句，且根据“or not”可知，此处应填whether表示“是否”，故填whether。 3．句意：保罗·迈克·阿什顿是一位住在上海的美国博主，他第一次使用了“City bu city”这个词。根据“for the...time.”可知，空格处应用序数词first表示“第一次”，故填first。 4．句意：他很喜欢在抖音和小红书上分享自己在中国的旅游经历。根据“has great fun...”可知本题考查固定搭配have great fun doing sth.，意为“做某事很高兴”，故空格处应填动名词形式，故填sharing。 5．句意：阿什顿在网上分享了一段视频后走红，视频中他在长城上问妹妹“City bu city”。根据“Ashton...popular after he shared a video of...”可知空格处为本句谓语动词，且本句时态为一般现在时，故填became。 6．句意：“city”这个词现在作为形容词有了新的含义。分析句子结构可知，本句结构完整，word为可数名词，不能单独使用，根据句意可知空格处应填定冠词表示特指，且位于句首首字母应大写，故填The。 7．句意：阿什顿说它的意思不仅是发生在城市的某样东西，还是一个能给你的生命带来热爱的东西。根据“something that gives you a great love for...life”可知，空格处应填形容词性物主代词，修饰名词life，故填your。 8．句意：最近几年，由许多像阿什顿一样的外国游客在网上分享自己在中国的旅游经历。根据“a great number of foreign...like Ashton share their experiences of visiting China online”可知，空格处为本句主语，应填名词形式，且此处表示“游客”，故填visitor，且固定搭配a great number of后接可数名词复数，表示“许多”，故填visitors。 9．句意：关于在中国旅行的话题越来越流行。根据“Topics about traveling in China...becoming more and more popular.”可知，本句主语为Topics，空格处为本句谓语动词，应用复数形式。且总览全文可知，本句时态为一般现在时。故填are。 10．句意：现在世界各地的人们可以更多地了解现代中国社会的不同部分和中国的生活方式。根据“Now people around the world can learn more...different parts of modern Chinese society and Chinese way of life.”可知本题考查固定搭配learn about，意为“了解”，故填about。 易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 1．Among the three of them, who spent (little) time on schoolwork? 【答案】the least 【详解】句意：在他们三个人当中，谁在功课上花的时间最少？根据“Among the three of them”可知，此处是三者之间的比较，要用形容词的最高级形式；little的最高级为least，且形容词最高级前通常加定冠词the，故填the least。 2．Maths is my (good) subject. 【答案】best 【详解】句意：数学是我最好的学科。根据语境可知，此处是在所有学科中进行比较，要用形容词的最高级形式。good的最高级是best，表示“最好的”。故填best。 3．He is one of the best (coach) I have ever met. I believe he can teach me a lot. 【答案】coaches 【详解】句意：他是我见过的最好的教练之一。我相信他能教会我很多。one of后接可数名词复数形式，表示“……之一”，结合括号内提示词可知，此处应填其复数形式。故填coaches。 4．Which is the plant in the world, bamboo, peony or ginko? (use) 【答案】most useful 【详解】句意：竹子、牡丹和银杏，哪一种是世界上最有用的植物？根据“in the world”以及“bamboo, peony or ginko”可知，此处是在三者及以上进行比较，应使用形容词的最高级形式。use“使用”，动词，其形容词形式为useful“有用的”，其最高级形式为most useful。故填most useful。 5．One of (move) pieces of music that I have ever heard is Liangzhu. 【答案】the most moving 【详解】句意：我听过的最感人的乐曲之一是《梁祝》。move“感动”，动词。此处是“one of the+形容词最高级 + 名词复数”结构，表示“最……之一”，空处应填move的形容词形式moving“感人的”，其最高级是the most moving。故填the most moving。 6．She sings very well. She is one of the best (singer) in our school. 【答案】singers 【详解】句意：她唱得很好。她是我们学校最好的歌手之一。根据“She is one of the best…in our school.”及提示词可知，“one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”意为“……中最……之一”，singer“歌手”，可数名词，复数为singers。故填singers。 7．She is one of the (hard-working) persons I know. 【答案】most hard-working 【详解】句意：她是我认识的最勤奋的人之一。one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数“最……之一”，hard-working“勤奋的”，是多音节形容词，其最高级为the most hard-working。故填most hard-working。 8．The (big) land animal in the world is the African elephant. 【答案】biggest 【详解】句意：世界上最大的陆地动物是非洲象。根据“in the world”可知此处指世界范围内最大的，用形容词最高级，biggest表示“最大的”。故填biggest。 9．The (tiny) bird in the world, the bee hummingbird (蜂鸟), weighs less than a penny. 【答案】tiniest 【详解】句意：世界上最小的鸟，蜂鸟，还不到一便士重。根据范围“in the world”可知此处应用最高级，tiny的最高级是tiniest。故填tiniest。 10．This is the (beautiful) park I have ever seen. I love it very much. 【答案】most beautiful 【详解】句意：这是我见过的最美的公园。我非常喜欢它。根据“I have ever seen”可知，此处表示这是我见过的最美的公园，该空要填一个最高级，beautiful的最高级形式为most beautiful，意为“最美的”。故填most beautiful。 链接中考（测试时间：15分钟） （24-25九年级上·江苏泰州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式（每空不限填一词）。 The Spring Festival is the oldest festival in China. It dates back more than 4,000 years. It’s also the country’s most important traditional festival. Now this Chinese cultural symbol has been 1 (success) added to UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) List (非遗名录). The decision 2 (make) at a meeting on December 4th, 2024. Rao Quan is a vice minister (副部长) of culture and tourism. He expressed thanks at the meeting. The Spring Festival, he said, stands for the Chinese people’s hopes for 3 better life. Over many generations (代), 4 has provided lasting spiritual strength for the Chinese people, he added. The festival falls on the first day of the Chinese calendar. It marks the 5 (begin) of the new year. Preparations for it begin weeks before Chinese New Year’s Day. Celebrations last 6 the Lantern Festival. The activities 7 (include) prayers (祈祷) for health and good luck. Many other old traditions also stand. People hang up red lanterns and set off fireworks, for example. These practices are used 8 (keep) harmful spirits away. They also write the Chinese character Fu and put up Spring Festival couplets (春联) on their doors for good luck. Paper-cutting, dragon dances and Lantern Festival events are important parts of the celebration as well. Together they form some of the 9 (happy) days of the year for Chinese people. The Spring Festival is a public holiday in almost 20 countries. About 20% of the 10 (human) celebrate it in the world. Now China has 44 items on the UNESCO ICH List, more than any other country. 【答案】1．successfully 2．was made 3．a 4．it 5．beginning 6．till/until 7．include 8．to keep 9．happiest 10．humans 【导语】本文主要介绍了春节的庆祝活动。 1．句意：如今，这一中国文化符号已成功被列入联合国教科文组织的非物质文化遗产名录。此处修饰动词added用副词successfully“成功地”。故填successfully。 2．句意：这一决定于2024年12月4日的一次会议上作出。主语The decision和make之间是被动关系，根据“on December 4th, 2024.”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是名词单数，be动词用was。故填was made。 3．句意：春节代表了中国人民对更美好生活的期望。此处泛指“一个更好的生活”，better以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 4．句意：长期以来，它一直为中国人民提供着持久的精神力量。此处指代“春节”，作主语用代词it。故填it。 5．句意：它标志着新年的开始。the beginning of“……的开始”。故填beginning。 6．句意：庆祝活动一直持续到元宵节。根据“last...the Lantern Festival”可知庆祝活动持续到元宵节，till/until“直到”。故填till/until。 7．句意：这些活动包括为健康和好运祈祷。句子用一般现在时，主语是名词复数，谓语动词用原形include“包括”。故填include。 8．句意：这些习俗被用来驱赶有害的鬼魂。根据“These practices are used...harmful spirits away”可知是这些习俗被用来驱赶有害的鬼魂，用结构be used to do“被用来做某事”。故填to keep。 9．句意：它们共同构成了中国人一年中最快乐的日子。根据“the...days of the year”可知是一年中最快乐的日子，用最高级happiest“最快乐的”。故填happiest。 10．句意：世界上大约有20%的人类会庆祝这个节日。根据“About 20% of the”可知此处用名词复数humans“人类”。故填humans。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $