名词性从句系统复习-备战2026届高考英语一轮复习语法全解（译林版）

ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（译林版） Chapter1名词性从句系统复习 考频分析 名词性从句是高中英语语法的重要模块，考频占语法总量的15%左右，常见于试卷多种题型：单项选择 (1-2题)、完形填空(1-2题)、语法填空(1-2题)、书面表达（辅助提升句式多样性与复杂性）。在语境分 析类题目中，名词性从句的连接词选择、语序及逻辑关系往往是解题关键。 考查内容 高中英语对名词性从句的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础构成与语境应用： ·从句类型识别：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句的引导词(that、whether、if、连接代词、 连接副词)选择与功能区分； ·语序与时态：陈述语序的严格遵循，主从句时态呼应规则（如主句为过去时，从句常用相应过去时态）； ·特殊用法：t作形式主语形式宾语的替代结构，同位语从句与定语从句的辨析，宾语从句否定转移现象。 精讲精练 知识点一：名词性从句的分类及引导词 ·主语从句（在句中作主语，位于句首或用t作形式主语） -常见引导词：that(无意义，不充当成分)、whether(是否)、连接代词(what/who/which/whose)、连 接副词(when/where/why/how) -例句：口hat he said is true.(what在从句中作宾语，引导主语从句)It is important that we study hard.(it作形式主语，that引导真正主语从句) ·宾语从句（在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语） -常见引导词：that(可省略)、if/whether(是否)、连接代词(what/who/which)、连接副词 (when/where/why/how) -例句：口ldon't know if he will come tomorrow.(if引导宾语从句，表“是否")口She asked me where I bought the book.(where在从句中作地点状语，引导宾语从句) ·表语从句（在句中作系动词后的表语） -常见引导词：that(不可省略)、whether、连接代词(what/who/which)、连接副词(when/where/why/how)、 asif/as though(好像) -例句：口The problem is how we can solve it.(how在从句中作方式状语，引导表语从句)口My hope is that|can pass the exam.(that引导表语从句，无意义不充当成分) ·同位语从句（解释说明名词的内容，常位于抽象名词后） -常见引导词：that(无意义，不充当成分)、whether、.连接代词(what/who/which)、连接副词 (when/where/why/how) -例句：口The news that our team won the game made us happy.(that引导同位语从句，解释说明 news的内容)I have no idea when he will leave.(when在从句中作时间状语，引导同位语从句) 【即学即练】 1.【从句类型识别】"It is a fact that he has finished the work.”中，that引导的是什么从句？ A.主语从句 B.宾语从句 C.表语从句 D.同位语从句 2.【I导词选择】请在空白处填入合适的引导词：_he will go abroad depends on his English level.. 3.【宾语从句引导词】介词后表“是否”只能用哪个词？ A.if B.whether C.that D.what 4.【表语从句用法】"The question is_we can get there on time.”空白处不能填入的是？ A.how B.if C.whether D.why 5.【同位语从句】同位语从句通常修饰什么类型的名词？ A.具体名词（如book,pen) B.抽象名词（如news,idea) C.专有名词（如Tom,Beijing) D.物质名词（如water,rice) 语法复习|英语」译林版 ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（译林版） 知识点二：名词性从句的连接词选择与语序规则 ·连接词选择三大原则 1.成分判断法（缺成分用连接代词，不缺成分用连接副词/that/whether) -例句：口_he will come depends on the weather.(不缺成分表“是否”，用Whether)口Idon't know_broke the window.(缺主语指人，用who) 2.介词宾语专用规则（介词后表“是否”只能用whether,不能用if) -例句：☐Ve are talking about_we should accept the invitation.(介词后用whether)口Heis interested in_happened yesterday..(缺主语用what) 3.疑问词引导表“方式原因”时的固定搭配(the way后可用that/in which省略；reason后用why) -例句：☐Idon't like the way_he speaks to his mother..(可填that/in which/不t填)The reason _he was late is that he missed the bus.(表原因用why) ·语序规侧（陈述语序：主语+谓语，禁止疑问句语序） -基础陈述句序（引导词+主语+谓语动词） *例句：Can you tell me_the meeting will start?(正确：when the meeting will start;错误：when will the meeting start)☐I wonder_she is waiting for..(正t确：who/whom she is waiting for;错误： who/whom is she waiting for) 一特殊疑问句转化技巧（疑问词+主语+情态动词助动词+动词原形） *例句：口They asked_the accident occurred.(正确：how the accident occurred;错误：how did the accident occur)☐Do you know__won the first prize?(正t确：who won the first prize;错误： who did win the first prize) ·高频易错点对比 -that vs what(that无成分，what必作成分) *例句：☐The fact_he passed the exam is true.(不缺成分用that)O_he said surprised everyone. (缺宾语用What) -if vs whether(宾语从句可互换，主语/表语/介词宾语不定式前只能用whether) *例句：☐l'm not sure_to take the job.(不定式前用whether)☐_Lit will rain tomorrow is still unknown.(主语从句用hether) 知识点三：名词性从句的时态呼应与虚拟语气 ·时态呼应规则（主句与从句时态一致原则） -基础时态匹配（主现从任，主过从过） *例句：口He says that he lives(ive)in Beijing.(主句一般现在时，从句用一般现在时)口She told me she had finished((finish)the work.(主句一般过去时，从句用过去完成时) 一特殊情况：客观真理永一现 *例句：口The teacher said the earth goes(go)around the sun.(客观真理用一般现在时) ·虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用 -建议I命令/要求类动词后的宾语从句(should+动词原形，should可省略) *常见动词：suggest,.advise,demand,require,order,,insist *例句：The doctor suggested that he(should)take(take)more exercise.☐I insist that she (should)come(come)to the meeting. -Itis+adj.n.+that从句(should.+动词原形，表必要/重要性) adj./n.:important,necessary,strange,a pity,a shame *例句：It is important that we(should)protect(protect)the environment.☐It is a pity that you (should)miss(miss)the chance. ·高频易错时态对比 一一般过去时Vs过去完成时（从句动作先于主句用过去完成时） *例句：口He said he saw(see)the film yesterday..(同时发生用一般过去时)口She told me she had read(read)the book before.(先于主句用过去完成时) -现在完成时Vs一般现在时（表客观事实用一般现在时） *例句：The report shows that the number of students has increased(increase)byIO%.(动态 变化用现在完成时)Our teacher always tells us that practice makes(make)perfect.(客观真理 用一般现在时) 语法复习|英语|译林版 ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（译林版） 老法一：连接词选择之that与what辨析 ·核心：根据从句是否缺成分及语义需求，区分使用that(无成分)和what(必作成分) ·真题1（语法填空）： The idea-we should hold a party for the graduates is popular among students. -答案：that解析：从句“we should hold a party for the graduates'”结构完整不缺成分，且用于解释 说明idea的内容，故用that引导同位语从句。 ·真题2（单项选择）： --surprised us most was his sudden decision to quit the job. A.that B.what C.which D.who -答案：B解析：主语从句中缺少主语成分，且表示“所…的事情”，应用what引导；that在名词性 从句中不充当成分，故排除A。 考法二：连接词选择与语序综合应用 ·核心：结合从句成分判断连接词类型，同时确保从句使用陈述语序 ·真题1（语法填空）： -Could you tell me_the nearest post office_(be)?I need to send a letter. -答案：where is解析：第一空从句缺地点状语用连接副词where;第二空从句用陈述语序”主语(the nearest post office)+谓语(is)” ·真题2（单项选择）： The teacher asked the students _they had finished their homework. A.what B.if C.that D.how -答案：B解析：从句不缺成分且表”是否”含义，排除A(缺成分)和D(表方式)；主句为sk(询问) 时用if/whether表疑问，that无意义不符合语境，故选B。 考法三：名词性从句综合运用（连接词选择、语序及时态虚拟） ·核心：结合成分判断选择连接词，遵循陈述语序规则，匹配时态呼应及虚拟语气特殊要求 ·真题1（单项选择）： -Our teacher asked us_the meeting would be held because we needed to prepare in advance A.when will B.when C.that when D.when would 一答案：B解析：宾语从句需用陈述语序（连接词+主语+谓语），排除A、D;从句不缺主要成分且表 时间概念，用连接副词when,that与when重复，故选B。 ·真题2（语法填空）： It is important that we_(keep)calm when facing difficulties.The problem is_we can manage our emotions properly. -答案：(should)keep;how解析：第一空考查虚拟语气，It is important that..结构中从句用”should+ 动词原形”，should可省略；第二空表语从句缺方式状语，用连接副词how引导。 语法复习」英语」译林版 ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（译林版） 解题小妙招 名词性从句妙招 连接词选看成分，缺主宾表用what,不缺成分that行； 陈述语序要牢记，连接词后主谓齐； 时态呼应看主句，虚拟语气特殊记； 同位语从句tht引，解释说明其内容； 疑问动词后接f,表“是否”不用疑。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1._he will attend the conference depends on his schedule. A.That B.Whether C.What D.How 2.The manager didn't mention_would take charge of the project. A.who B.whom C.which D.what 3.We are discussing__we should accept the terms of the contract. A.if B.whether C.that D.how 4.The question is_we can finish the task within a week. A.that B.if C.whether D.what 5.I have no idea_the meeting will be postponed. A.that B.which C.when D.what 6.-surprised everyone was his excellent performance in the competition. A.That B.What C.Which D.Who 7.Could you tell me_the train leaves? A.what B.when C.that D.where 8.The teacher asked us_we had any questions about the lesson. A.if B.that C.what D.which 9.It is necessary that we_hard for the upcoming exam. A.study B.studied C.will study D.have studied 10.The news_our team won the championship spread quickly. A.which B.that C.what D.when 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.I don't know __she will come to the party tomorrow. 2.he failed the exam made his parents very disappointed. 3.The problem is-we can solve the issue effectively. 4.She is interested in_happened at the meeting yesterday. 5.We are talking about__we should take the job offer. 6.The fact he lied to us surprised everyone. 7.Can you tell me-the nearest hospital is? 8.broke the window remains unknown. 9.I have no idea_he will return from abroad 10.It is important_we should keep calm in emergency situations. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） Many students wonder 1-they can improve their English quickly.Some believe 2the key is to memorize as many words as possible.However,the truth 3language learning requires practice and patience is often ignored.Teachers often suggest 4students should read English articles every day.They also ask 5_we have formed good learning habits. A recent study shows 6_students who read regularly have better language skills.The question 7_we can find enough time for reading is a common concern.Actually,the way 8we manage our time is crucial.Remember 9_consistency is more important than speed.No one knows 10_they will master a language,but with dedication,progress is certain. 答案 演练一：单项选择 1.B2.A3.B4.C5.C6.B7.B8.A9.A10.B 演练二：填空试题 1.if/whether 2.That 3.how 4.what 5.whether 6.that 7.where 8.Who 9.when 10.that 演练三：语法填空 1.how 2.that 3.that 4.that 5.if/whether 6.that 7.how 8.that/in which/9.that 10.when 语法复习|英语|译林版