名词性从句系统复习-备战2026届高考英语一轮复习语法全解（冀教版）

ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（冀教版） Chapter1名词性从句系统复习 考频分析 名词性从句是高中英语语法的重要模块，考频占语法总量的15%左右，贯穿试卷多个核心题型：单项选 择(1-2题)、完形填空(1-2题)、语法填空(1-2题)、阅读理解（长难句分析关键）、书面表达（提升句 式复杂度与表达准确性)。在语境理解类题目中，名词性从句的连接词选用及语序问题往往是解题关键。 考查内容 高中英语对名词性从句的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·从句类型识别：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句的句法功能与引导词特征； ·引导词选用：连接词that、if/whether,.连接代词what/who/which,连接副词when/where/why/how的辨 析与应用； ·语序与时态：陈述句语序的坚持，主从句时态呼应规则（如主句过去时从句用相应过去时态）。 精讲精练 知识点一：名词性从句的分类及引导词 ·主语从句（在句中作主语） -常见引导词：that(无意义，不作成分)、whether(是否)、连接代词(what/who/which/whose)、连 接副词(when/where/why/how) -例句：口hat he said is true.(what在从句中作宾语，引导主语从句)That she will come here tomorrow is certain.(that无意义，不作成分，引导主语从句) ·宾语从句（在句中作宾语，常位于及物动词、介词或形容词后） -常见引导词：that(可省略)、if/whether(是否)、连接代词(what/who/which)、连接副词 (when/where/why/how） -例句：口She asked if I could help her..(if表“是否”，引导宾语从句，作asked的宾语)口I don't know where he lives.(where在从句中作地点状语，引导宾语从句，作know的宾语) ·表语从句（在句中作表语，位于系动词后） -常见引导词：that(不可省略)、whether、连接代词(what/who/which)、连接副词(when/where/why/how) -例句：The problem is how we can solve it..(how在从句中作方式状语，引导表语从句)口ly idea is that we should start early.(that无意义，不作成分，引导表语从句) ·同位语从句（在句中作同位语，解释说明名词的具体内容，常位于抽象名词后如fact/news/.idea等） -常见引导词：that(不可省略，无意义，不作成分)、whether -例句：We heard the news that our team had won.(that引导同位语从句，解释说明news的内容) 口I have no idea whether he will come.(whether表“是否”，引导同位语从句，解释说明idea的内 容) 语法复习|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（冀教版） 知识点二：名词性从句的重难点及易错点辨析 ·that引导的主语从句与形式主语it的转换 1.转换规则 -当tht引导的主语从句位于句首时，为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，将真正的主语从句 后置，结构为：t+be动词/系动词+形容词/名词+that从句 2.例句对比 -原句：That she missed the train is obvious. -转换句：It is obvious that she missed the train.(it作形式主语，that从句为真正主语) ·whether与if的用法区别 1.用于宾语从句时 -两者均可表示“是否”，但在介词后或与or not直接连用时只能用whether -例句：口'm interested in whether he will come.(介词in后用whether)口She didn't say whether or not she would help us.(与or not连用用whether) 2.用于其他名词性从句时 -主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中只能用whether,不能用if -例句：Whether he can solve the problem remains unknown.(主语从句用whether)OThe question is whether we should accept the offer..(表语从句用whether) ·连接代词/副词在从句中的成分判断 1.连接代词(what/who/which/whose) 一在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语，需根据句意判断具体成分 -例句：What he needs is a good rest.(what在从句中作宾语，意为“.…的东西")口Whose book this is is still a mystery.(hose在从句中作定语，修饰book) 2.连接副词(when/where/why/how) 一在从句中作状语，分别表示时间、地点、原因、方式 -例句：口Idon't know when the meeting will start.(when在从句中作时间状语)口Please tell me how I can get to the station.(how在从句中作方式状语) ·同位语从句与定语从句的区分 1.本质区别 -同位语从句解释说明先行词的具体内容，先行词多为抽象名词（如fact,news,idea);定语从句修 饰先行词，说明先行词的性质或特征 2.引导词that的作用不同 -同位语从句中that无意义，不作成分；定语从句中that作主语或宾语，可省略（作宾语时） -例句对比：口The news that our team won made us excited.(同位语从句，that无意义不作成分， 解释news内容)☐The news that he told me made me excited.(定语从句，that作told的宾语， 修饰news)】 ·名词性从句的语序规则 1.陈述语序要求 一所有名词性从句都必须用陈述语序，即“主语+谓语+其他成分”，不能用疑问语序 2.错误与正确例句对比 -错误句：Do you know where is the nearest hospital? -正确句：Do you know where the nearest hospital is?(where引导的宾语从句用陈述语序) 知识点三：名词性从句的时态与语态 ·时态一致原则 一基础规则：主句为现在时（一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），从句可根据实际情况使用任意时 态 -例句：口I think he will come tomorrow.(主句一般现在时，从句一般将来时)☐She knows that they have finished the work.(主句一般现在时，从句现在完成时) 一特殊规则：主句为过去时（一般过去时、过去进行时），从句通常使用相应过去时态（一股过去时、过 去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时) -例句：口He said he was watching TV at that time.(主句一般过去时，从句过去进行时)口They told us they had visited the museum before.(主句一般过去时，从句过去完成时) ·语态使用规则 一主动语态：从句主语是动作执行者时使用 -例句：口Ve believe what he said is true.(what he said中he是动作执行者，主动语态) 一被动语态：从句主语是动作承受者时使用，结构为“be动词+过去分词”，be动词时态需与主句时态 配合 -例句：口It is reported that the project will be completed next month.(project是complete的承受者， 一般将来时被动语态)口She asked if the letter had been sent.(letter是send的承受者，过去完成 时被动语态) 一特殊注意：连接代词/副词引导的从句变被动时，引导词仍保留在从句句首 -例句：口They discussed where the meeting would be held.(where在被动句中仍位于从句句首) ·特殊情况时态 一客观真理永恒事实：无论主句时态如何，从句一律用一般现在时 -例句：口The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.(客观真理用一般现在时) -虚拟语气：表示建议、命令、要求等意义的名词性从句中，谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可省 略 -例句：口It is suggested that we(should)start early.(suggest后的主语从句用虚拟语气)口He gave orders that the work(should)be finished by Friday.(orders后的同位语从句用虚拟语气) 语法复习|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（冀教版） 老法一：名词性从句导词辨析 ·核心：根据从句类型及语法功能，选择合适的引导词(that/whether/.连接代词/连接副词) ·真题1（语法填空）： It is important-we should learn English well. 一答案：that解析：it作形式主语，真正主语为从句，从句不缺成分且无疑问意义，用that引导主语从 句。 ·真题2（单项选择）： -I don't know he will come tomorrow. A.that B.if C.what D.whose -答案：B解析：宾语从句表示“是否”，且无介词或or not搭配，用if引导。 考法二：名词性从句引导词与语序结合辨析 ·核心：根据从句类型及语法规则选择恰当引导词，并确保从句使用陈述语序 ·真题1（语法填空）： Could you tell me_the nearest post office is?I need to send a letter. -答案：where解析：空格处引导宾语从句，根据句意“最近的邮局在哪里”可知需用连接副词where; 且从句需用陈述语序，where在从句中作地点状语，符合语法要求。 ·真题2（单项选择）： -The teacher asked the students-they had finished their homework. A.if B.that C.what D.where 一答案：A解析：空格处引导宾语从句，根据句意“是否完成作业”可知需用表“是否”的引导词；f可 用于宾语从句表“是否”，符合语境；that无意义不作成分，what和where在从句中需作成分，此处 从句结构完整，故选A。 考法三：名词性从句的综合运用（导词选择、语序及时态语态结合） ·核心：结合语境判断名词性从句类型，正确选择引导词，运用陈述语序，并匹配恰当的时态与语态 ·真题1（单项选择）： -Our teacher asked us_the meeting would be held and how it_next week. A.when;will be organized B.when;would be organized C.where;was organized D.where;is organized -答案：B解析：第一空考查宾语从句引导词及语序，根据“next week”可知询问时间，用when;主 句“asked”为过去时，从句需用过去将来时，且“meeting”与“organize”为被动关系，用“would be organized”,符合“引导词+陈述语序+时态一致+被动语态”要求。 ·真题2（语法填空）： It is suggested that the plan_(discuss)carefully before it_(carry)out next month. -答案：(should)be discussed;is carried解析：第一空为主语从句虚拟语气，“suggested”后的从句 谓语用“should-+动词原形”，should可省略，“plan”与“discuss”为被动关系，填“(should)be discussed”；第二空为时间状语从句，主句为将来时（隐含），从句用一般现在时表将来，“it”指代 plan,与“carry out”为被动关系，填“is carried”。 解题小妙招 ·引导词选择妙招 一主语从句缺成分用连接代词，不缺且无疑问用ht; -表是否用whether或if,介词后或有or not只能用whether; 一宾语从句看句意，表时间用when地点用where原因用why; -不缺成分且无疑问选that,缺主语宾语表语用what。 ·语序判断妙招 一名词性从句用陈述，主谓顺序不能变； -疑问词后接主语，谓语动词跟在后； 一切勿使用疑问序，牢记主前谓后原侧。 ·综合运用妙招 一引导词选看成分和意义，陈述语序是必须； 一主从时态要呼应，主句过去从用过去相关时； 一被动语态看主语，be加done莫忘记； -虚拟语气特殊记，suggest后的从句should加动原。 语法复习|英语|冀教版 ENGL凵ISH-语法复习系列资料（冀教版） 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.he will attend the meeting tomorrow is still unknown. A.If B.Whether C.What D.Where 2.She asked me_I had finished my homework. A.that B.what C.if D.whose 3.The problem is_we can solve the environmental pollution quickly. A.how B.that C.what D.which 4.We heard the news_our team had won the championship A.when B.where C.that D.why 5.It is importantwe should protect wild animals. A.if B.that C.what D.how 6.Do you know _the nearest supermarket is? A.where is B.where was C.where D.where does 7.The teacher told us that the sun_in the east. A.rise B.rises C.rose D.will rise 8.I have no ideathe meeting will start. A.when B.what C.which D.whose 9.He asked_the project_completed by the end of this month. A.if:will be B.whether;would be C.that;was D.how;is 10.The fact_he passed the exam surprised everyone. A.which B.that C.what D.how 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.Idon’t know_(他什么时候回来). 2._(她是否会参加派对)is not sure yet. 3.The question is_(我们应该选择哪条路)】 4.We all agree with the idea_(应该立即采取行动). 5.It is reported_(这场雨将持续三天)， 6.Could you tell me_(如何到达火车站)？ 7.He asked me(我是否看过这部电影)： 8.The news_(他赢得了比赛)made us excited. 9._(他所说的话)is very important for us. 10.I wonder_(他们是否已经完成了工作). 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） Many people wonder 1.-happiness really is.Some think happiness comes from 2.-(have)a lot of money,while others believe it is about spending time with family.A recent study shows 3.happiness depends on how we treat life.It also suggests 4.-we should focus on small joys every day.Scientists have found that 5.-(help)others can make us happier.For example,when we volunteer,our brain releases chemicals 6._make us feel good.This explains 7.-many people enjoy doing charity work. However,there is a question:8._can we balance work and happiness?Experts advise 9._we should set aside time for hobbies and exercise.They also say it is important 10.-(stay)positive even when facing difficulties. 答案 演练一：单项选择 1.B2.C3.A4.C5.B6.C7.B8.A9.B10.B 演练二：填空试题 1.when he will come back 2.Whether she will attend the party 3.which road we should choose 4. that action should be taken immediately 5.that the rain will last for three days 6.how to get to the railway station 7.if/whether I had seen this movie 8.that he won the competition 9.What he said 10.if/whether they have finished the work 演练三：语法填空 1.what 2.having 3.that 4.that 5.helping 6.which/that 7.why 8.how 9.that 10. to stay 语法复习|英语|冀教版