冀教版高中英语动词短语系统复习-备战2026届高考英语一轮复习语法全解（冀教版）

ENGLISH-高中系列资料（冀教版） Chapter1动词短语系统复习 考频分析 动词短语是高中英语词法的重要模块，考频占词法总量的5%左右，贯穿试卷多个核心题型：单项选择 (23题)入、完形填空(45题)、阅读理解（词义推测题涉及）、书面表达（核心考察，直接影响表达丰富性 与地道性)。在语境理解类题目中，动词短语的固定搭配、语义辨析及语境应用往往是解题关键。 考查内容 高中对动词短语的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖固定搭配与语境应用： ·动词短语分类辨析：动词+介词（如look for)、动词+副词（如give up)、动词+名词+介词（如take care of)的结构特点与语义差异； ·动词短语语境应用：结合时间状语（如already,yet)、地点状语（如at home,in the park)及上下文场 景（如购物、旅行）选择恰当动词短语； ·动词短语固定搭配：高频动词短语（如make up,put off,goon)在单选、完形填空及书面表达中的正确 运用，侧重同义短语替换（如arrive at/in与get to)及近义短语辨析（如put on与wear)。 精讲精练 知识点一：动词短语的构成及分类 ·动词+副词（副词常表动作结果或方式） -常见类型：put up(张贴/搭建)、take off(脱下起飞)、give up(放弃)、look out(小心) -例句：口Please put up the map on the wall.(put up-+名词宾语，宾语可放中间)口She took off her coat because it was warm.(take off+名词宾语，宾语可放中间)口He gave up smoking last year. (give up+动名词作宾语) ·动词+介词（介词后必须接宾语，构成完整语义） -常见类型：look at(看)、listen to(听)、wait for(等待)、depend on(依靠) -例句：口They are looking at the blackboard carefully.(look at+-宾语，不可分开)☐We should listen to the teacher in class.((listen to+宾语，固定搭配)☐She is waiting for her friend at the bus stop. (wait for+-宾语，不可分开) ·动词+副词+介词（三词固定搭配，后接宾语） -常见类型：look forward to(期待)、catch up with(赶上)、get along with(与…相处)、come up with(提出) -例句：口I am looking forward to seeing you soon.(look forward to-+动名词宾语)☐He worked hard to catch up with his classmates.(catch up with+名词宾语)She always comes up with good ideas. (come up with+名词宾语) ·动词+名词+介词（名词多为核心动作对象，介词引出关联内容） -常见类型：take care of(照顾)、make use of(利用)、pay attention to(注意)、lose sight of(看不见) -例句：口Please take care of your little sister.(take care of+-宾语，固定短语)口We should make full use of our time.(make use of+-宾语，可加形容词修饰名词use)口Students must pay attention to the teacher's instructions.(pay attention to+-宾语，不可分开) 高中|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-高中系列资料（冀教版） 知识点二：非谓语动词的用法及辨析 ·动词不定式(to+动词原形，表目的、将来、结果) 1.基本功能 -作主语：To learn English well is important..(学好英语很重要) -作宾语：She wants to go shopping this weekend.(她这周未想去购物) -作宾补：My mother asks me to finish homework first.(妈妈让我先完成作业) -作目的状语：He got up early to catch the first bus.(他早起是为了赶首班车) 2.省略to的情况 -使役动词let/make/have+宾语+do:Let me help you.(让我帮你) -感官动词see/hear/watch/notice-+宾语+do(强调全过程)：I saw her enter the room.(我看见她 进了房间) ·动名词（动词ig,表抽象动作、习惯或主语） 1.基本功能 -作主语：Swimming is good for health.(游泳有益健康) -作宾语：He enjoys playing basketball..(他喜欢打篮球) -作介词宾语：She is afraid of speaking in public.(她害怕当众讲话) 2.常见搭配动词 -enjoy(喜欢)、mind(介意)、finish(完成)、practice(练习)、avoid(避免)、suggest(建议) -例句：Vould you mind opening the window?(你介意开窗吗？) ·现在分词（动词+ing,表主动、进行） 1.基本功能 -作定语（前置/后置）：a running boy(一个正在跑步的男孩)；the girl singing in the park(在公园 唱歌的女孩) -作状语（表伴随/结果）：He sat there reading a newspaper.(他坐在那儿看报纸)；The heavy rain lasted all day,.causing floods.(大雨下了一整天，l发了洪水) -作宾补（强调动作进行）：I heard her singing in the next room.(我听见她正在隔壁唱歌) ·过去分词（动词+ed,表被动、完成） 1.基本功能 -作定语（前置/后置）：a broken cup(一个破碎的杯子)；the novel written by Lu Xun(鲁迅写的小 说) -作状语（表被动状态）：Seen from the top,the city looks beautiful..(从顶部看，这座城市很美)； Tired from work,he went straight to bed.(工作累了，他直接上床睡觉了) -作表语（表状态）：The door is closed.(门是关着的)；She felt excited about the news.(她对这 个消息感到兴奋) ·非谓语动词辨析（不定式s动名词；现在分词vs过去分词） 1.不定式Vs动名词作主语 -不定式表具体动作：To solve this problem is difficult.(解决这个问题很难) -动名词表抽象概念：Solving problems is part of learning.(解决问题是学习的一部分) 2.现在分词Vs过去分词作定语 -现在分词（主动/进行）：a developing country(发展中国家) -过去分词（被动/完成）：a developed country(发达国家) 3.现在分词Vs过去分词作表语 -现在分词（主语主动发出）：The story is interesting.(这个故事很有趣) -过去分词（主语被动承受）：I am interested in the story.(我对这个故事感兴趣) 知识点三：动词时态与语态的综合运用 ·一般现在时与一般过去时的辨析（高频考点） 一基础用法对比： *口一般现在时（表经常性、习惯性动作或客观真理）→例句：She usually gets up at6:30a.m.(她 通常早上6：30起床) *口一般过去时（表过去某时发生的动作或状态）→例句：He visited the Great Wall last summer. (他去年夏天参观了长城) 一时间标志词区分： *一般现在时：often,usually,always,every day,sometimes *-般过去时：yesterday,last week,in2020,two days ago ·现在完成时的核心用法（高中重点） -基本结构：have/has+过去分词 *口表过去动作对现在的影响→例句：I have finished my homework,so I can watch TV now.(我已 经完成作业了，所以现在可以看电视) *口表动作从过去持续到现在→例句：We have lived here for ten years.(我们已经在这里住了十年) *口与never,,ever,just,already,yet连用→例句：Have you ever been to Beijing?(你去过北京吗) ·被动语态的构成与应用（易错点） -基本结构：be+过去分词 *口一般现在时被动：am/is/are+done→例句：English is spoken all over the world.(英语在全世 界被使用) *口一般过去时被动：was/were+done→例句：The bridge was built in2010.(这座桥建于2010 年) *口情态动词被动：情态动词+be+done→例句：This work must be finished today.(这项工作今 天必须完成) ·时态与语态的混合辨析（高考难点） -口现在完成时的被动→例句：The book has been translated into many languages.(这本书已被翻 译成多种语言) -口一般将来时的被动→例句：A new hospital will be built in our city next year.(明年我市将建一座新 医院) -口过去进行时的被动→例句：The room was being cleaned when I arrived.(我到达时房间正在被打 扫) 高中英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-高中系列资料（冀教版） 考法一：非谓语动词作宾语辨析 ·核心：根据动词搭配习惯，判断接不定式还是动名词作宾语 ·真题1（语法填空）： -She enjoys_(listen)to music while doing homework. -答案：listening解析：enjoy后接动名词作宾语，listen的动名词形式为listening。 ·真题2（完形填空）： -My teacher advised us_more books in our free time. A.read B.reading C.to read D.reads -答案：C解析：ad小vise后接不定式作宾补，构成“advise sb.to do sth.”结构，故选to read。. 考法二：动词短语与非谓语动词结合 ·核心：根据动词短语的固定搭配形式，判断其后接不定式、动名词还是原形，结合非谓语动词的语法功 能完成题目 ·真题1（语法填空）： She looks forward to_(meet)her pen pal from America 一答案：meeting解析：由知识点一可知“look forward to”属于动词+副词+介词结构，介词to后需 接宾语；结合知识点二，介词宾语需用动名词形式，meet的动名词为meeting。 ·真题2（单项选择）： The teacher asked us to pay attention to the blackboard carefully. A.look at B.looking at C.see D.seeing -答案：B解析：由知识点一可知“pay attention to”是动词+名词+介词结构，介词to后必须接宾语； 根据知识点二，介词宾语用动名词形式，排除A、C;“看黑板”强调动作过程，用look at,.see强调 结果，故选B。 考法三：动词短语、非谓语动词与被动语态的综合运用 ·核心：结合动词短语的固定搭配，判断非谓语动词在被动语境中的正确形式，掌握"be+过去分词+介 词/副词”结构及非谓语动词作补语的用法 ·真题1（单顶选择）： -The lost child was noticed _in the park and then_by the police. A.cry taken away B.to cry taken away C.crying taking away D.cried was taken away 一答案：B解析：感官动词notice用于被动语态时，其后作宾补的不定式需补to,排除A、D;第二空 与主语child构成被动关系，用过去分词短语taken away(动词+副词结构)作结果状语，take away 表”带走”符合语境。 ·真题2（语法填空）： -Visitors are required_(keep)quiet in the museum and _(not touch)the exhibits,which _(pay) attention to by everyone. -答案：to keep not to touch should be paid解析：第一、二空考查require sb.to do sth.的被动结构"he required to do”,否定形式为not to do;第三空which指代前文规则，与pay attention to构成被动关 系，结合语境用”should be paid”表”应该被注意”，符合动词短语pay attention to的被动用法。 高中|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-高中系列资料（冀教版） 解题小妙招 非谓语动词解题妙招 动词搭配看习惯，不定式或动名词； enjoy后接动名词，advise sb to do记心间； 动词短语要注意，介词to后接动名词； look forward to meeting,pay attention to looking; 被动语态中非谓，感官动词to要补； notice sb to do被动时，过去分词表被动； require sb to do被动式，be required to do莫忘记。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.He suggested_a picnic this weekend. A.have B.having C.to have D.has 2.My parents always tell me_too much time playing video games. A.not to spend B.not spending C.don't spend D.not spend 3.The old man was seen_in the garden when it rained. A.walk B.walked C.walking D.to walking 4.We should pay attention to_the teacher carefully in class A.listen to B.listening to C.hear D.hearing 5.This song is worth-again and again. A.to listen to B.listening to C.listen D.listened 6.The project needs_by the end of this month. A.finish B.to finish C.finishing D.finished 7.She was made_the piano for two hours every day. A.practice B.to practice C.practicing D.practiced 8.I look forward to_from you soon. A.hear B.hearing C.listen D.listening 9.The book_into many languages since it was published. A.has translated B.translated C.has been translated D.was translated 10.They decided_a new school in the village next year. A.build B.building C.to build D.built 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.She enjoys_(swim)in the river in summer. 2.The teacher asked us_(hand)in our homework on time. 3.My brother is good at_(play)basketball 4.We need _(buy)some milk for breakfast tomorrow. 5.He was seen_(run)quickly towards the station. 6.It's important_(learn)English well. 7.She is interested in_(read)science fiction books. 8.The children are looking forward to_(visit)the zoo. 9.The old man was told(take)the medicine three times a day. 10.I can't help_(laugh)when I see his funny face. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） School life is an important part of our growth.Every morning,we are expected_(arrive)at school on time.In class,we should focus on_(listen)to the teacher and take notes carefully.After class,some students enjoy_(play)sports,while others prefer_(read)in the library. Last week,our class organized a volunteer activity.We decided_(help)clean the park near our school. Everyone was busy_(pick)up litter and planting trees.A reporter from the local newspaper came (interview)us.We felt proud when our story_(publish)in the newspaper. Teachers often encourage us_(develop)good habits.For example,we are advised_(make)full use of our time and avoid_(waste)it on useless things.By working hard together,we believe our school life will become more meaningful. 答案 演练一：单项选择 1.B2.A3.C4.B5.B6.C7.B8.B9.C10.C 演练二：填空试题 1.swimming 2.to hand 3.playing 4.to buy 5.running 6.to learn 7.reading 8.visiting 9.to take 10.laughing 演练三：语法填空 1.to arrive 2.listening 3.playing 4.reading 5.to help 6.picking 7.to interview 8.was published 9.to develop 10.to make;wasting 高中|英语|冀教版