状语从句系统复习-备战2026届高考英语一轮复习语法全解（北师大版）

ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（北师大版） Chapter1状语从句系统复习 考频分析 状语从句是高中英语语法的重要模块，考频占语法总量的5%左右，贯穿试卷多个核心题型：单项选择 3-4题、完形填空2-3题、语法填空1-2题、阅读理解（辅助理解长难句逻辑关系）。在语境理解类题目中， 状语从句的连接词辨析、主从句时态呼应及逻辑关系判断往往是解题关键。 老查内容 高中英语对状语从句的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·从句类型识别：时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、让步状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状 语从句、方式状语从句、地点状语从句的引导词辨析与功能； ·引导词选用：when while as since until if unless because although so that in order that等引导词的语境 匹配与特殊用法； ·主从句逻辑关系：时态呼应（主将从现等）、省略结构、倒装用法及上下文逻辑衔接。 精讲精练 知识点一：状语从句的分类及引导词 ·时间状语从句（表示动作发生的时间） -常见引导词：when(当…时)、while(当…时，主句从句动作同时进行)、as(随着/当…时)、 before(在…之前)、入after(在…之后)、until/till(直到…)、since(自从…) -例句：I was reading a book when the phone rang.(when引导，主句过去进行时，从句一般过去 时)口hile she was cooking,I was cleaning the room.(while引导，主从句均为过去进行时) ·条件状语从句（表示主句动作发生的条件） -常见引导词：if(如果)、unless(除非，如果不)、as long as(只要) -例句：口If it rains tomorrow,we will stay at home.(if引导，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句一般将来 时，从句一般现在时)口You will fail unless you work hard.(unless=:-if not,主句一股将来时，从句 般现在时) ·原因状语从句（表示主句动作发生的原因） 一常见引导词：because(因为，语气最强，回答why提问)、since(既然，表已知原因)、as(由于， 语气较弱)、now that(既然) -例句：口He didn't go to school because he was ill..(because引导，直接说明原因)口Since everyone is here,let's start the meeting.(since Sl5导，表双方己知的原因) ·让步状语从句（表示与主句相反的让步或条件） -常见I导词：though/although(虽然，不能与but连用)、even if/though(即使)、whatever(无论什 么)、whenever(无论何时)、however(无论怎样) -例句：Though he is young,he knows a lot.(though导，主句不用but)☐Even if it snows heavily, we will go to school on time.(even if|导，表假设的让步) ·目的状语从句（表示主句动作的目的） -常见引导词：so that(为了，以便，从句常含can/could/may/might等情态动词)、in order that(为了， 语气比so that强，可置于句首) -例句：口He studies hard so that he can pass the exam.(so that引导，表目的，从句含情态动词can) In order that we could arrive on time,we left early.(in order that导，从句含情态动词could) ·结果状语从句（表示主句动作产生的结果） 一常见引导词：so...that.…(如此…以至于…，so后接形容词/副词)、such.that..(如此…以至 于…，such后接名词短语) -例句：口He is so tall that he can reach the top shelf.(so+形容词tall+that从句)口She is such a kind girl that everyone likes her.(such+a+形容词kind+名词girl+that从句) ·地点状语从句（表示主句动作发生的地点） -常见引导词：where(哪里)、wherever(无论哪里) -例句：口You can sit where you like.(where S导，表具体地点)口Wherever he goes,he takes his books with him.(wherever Sl导，表任何地点) ·方式状语从句（表示主句动作的方式） -常见引导词：as(像一样)、as if/as though(好像，仿佛) -例句：口Do as I told you.(as引导，“按照…方式”)☐He talks as if he knew everything.(asif引 导，从句常用虚拟语气，此处knew表与现在事实相反) ·比较状语从句（表示主句与从句的比较关系） -常见引导词：than(比…，用于比较级)、as…as.(和…一样…，用于原级比较) -例句：She is taller than her brother.(than引导，形容词比较级taller)口This book is as interesting as that one.(as.as..引导，形容词原级interesting) 语法复习|英语|北师大版 ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（北师大版） 知识点二：非谓语动词的用法及辨析 ·动词不定式(todo)(表目的、将来、未完成) 1.功能及用法 -作主语（常用it作形式主语，不定式置于句末）、宾语（接在hope/want/.decide等动词后）、表语 (说明主语的具体内容)、定语（修饰名词，表将来动作）、状语（表目的、结果、原因） 2.例句 -口It is important to learn English well..(作主语，it为形式主语，真正主语为to learn English well) -口He wants to be a doctor in the future.(作宾语，接在want后) -口Her dream is to travel around the world.(作表语，说明dream的内容) -口I have a lot of homework to do tonight..(作定语，修饰homework,表将来动作) -口She went to the library to borrow books.(作目的状语，表“为了借书”) ·动名词(doing)(表主动、进行、抽象慨念) 1.功能及用法 -作主语（表经常性、习惯性动作）、宾语（接在enjoy/mind/practice等动词后，或介词后）、表语 (说明主语的性质或内容)、定语（修饰名词，表用途或性质） 2.例句 -口Swimming is good for health.(作主语，表习惯性动作) -☐He enjoys playing basketball with friends.(作宾语，接在enjoy后) -口Her hobby is singing.(作表语，说明hobby的内容) -口There is a swimming pool in our school..(作定语，修饰pool,表用途“用于游泳的") ·现在分词(doing)(表主动、进行) 1.功能及用法 一作定语（修饰名词，与被修饰词是主动关系，表正在进行的动作）、状语（表时间、原因、伴随、结 果，与句子主语是主动关系)、补足语（用于keep/see/hear等动词后，补充说明宾语的动作） 2.例句 -口The running boy is my brother.(作定语，boy与run是主动关系，表“正在跑的男孩") -口Walking in the park,I met an old friend.(作时间状语，I与walk是主动关系，“在公园散步时") -口I heard her singing in the next room.(作宾语补足语，her与sing是主动关系，“听到她正在唱 歌”) ·过去分词(done)(表被动、完成) 1.功能及用法 一作定语（修饰名词，与被修饰词是被动关系，表已完成的动作）、状语（表时间、原因、条件、伴 随，与句子主语是被动关系)、补足语（用于keep/make./see等动词后，补充说明宾语的动作） 2.例句 -口The broken window was repaired yesterday..(作定语，window与break是被动关系，表“被打 破的窗户”) -☐Seen from the top of the mountain,the city looks beautiful..(作条件状语，city与see是被动关 系，“从山顶被看时”) -口Ne found the door locked when we got home.(作宾语补足语，door与lock是被动关系，“发 现门被锁了”) ·非谓语动词的常见考点辨析 1.todo与doing作宾语的区别 -remember to do sth.(记得去做某事，未做)vs remember doing sth.(记得做过某事，已做) -forget to do sth.(忘记去做某事，未做)vs forget doing sth.(忘记做过某事，已做) -stop to do sth.(停下来去做另一件事)vs stop doing sth.(停止正在做的事) 2.例句 -Remember to turn off the lights before leaving.(记得去关灯，未做) -口I remember meeting you somewhere before.(记得见过你，已做) -口He stopped to talk to me when he saw me.(看见我时，停下来跟我说话) -口You should stop smoking.t's bad for your health.(停止吸烟，正在做的事) 知识点三：状语从句与非谓语动词的转换 ·时间状语从句与非谓语动词转换（高中重点） -主从句主语一致，从句用"when/while+主语+谓语”，可转换为”when/while+doing/done”(主动用 doing,被动用done) -例句：☐When she heard the news,she cried.→Hearing the news,.she cried.(主动关系， hear-hearing) -例句：口/hile the city is seen from the hill,it looks beautiful..→Seen from the hill,the city looks beautiful..(被动关系，see→seen) ·原因状语从句与非谓语动词转换（高频考点）》 一主从句主语一致，从句用"because/since+主语+谓语”，可转换为”doing/.done”作原因状语（主动用 doing,被动用done) -例句：Because he was late for class,he was punished.→Being late for class,he was punished. (主动关系，be late→being late) -例句：☐Since the homework was finished,.he went out to play.→Finished the homework,he went out to play.(被动关系，finish→finished) ·条件状语从句与非谓语动词转换（易错点） -主从句主语一致，从句用"if/unless+主语+谓语”，可转换为”doing/done”作条件状语（主动用doing, 被动用done) -例句：If you work hard,you will succeed.→Norking hard,you will succeed.(主动关系， work→working) -例句：口Unless it is invited,.he won't come.→Unless invited,he won't come.(被动关系，in- vite-invited ·目的状语从句与非谓语动词转换（语法填空常考） -”so that/,in order that+从句”可转换为"todo/in order to do”作目的状语（否定形式用in order not to do) -例句：☐He got up early so that he could catch the bus.→He got up early to catch the bus.(so that-to do) -例句：☐In order that we might not miss the train,we hurried.→In order not to miss the train,we hurried.(in order that-in order not to do) ·让步状语从句与非谓语动词转换（写作提分） -主从句主语一致，从句用"though/,although+主语+谓语”，可转换为"though/although+doing/done” (保留连词，主动用doing,被动用done) -例句：口Though he studied hard,he failed the exam.→Though studying hard,he failed the exam. (主动关系，study-→studying) -例句：☐Although it was built in1990,the bridge is still in good condition.→Although built in199o, the bridge is still in good condition.(被动关系，build→built) 语法复习」英语」北师大版 ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（北师大版） 考法一：状语从句呢引导词辨析 ·核心：根据主从句逻辑关系（时间、条件、原因等）及语法规则（如是否与but连用、是否需情态动词 等)，选择正确引导词 ·真题1（语法填空）： --he is very busy,he always finds time to exercise every day -答案：Although/Though解析：主从句逻辑为“虽然忙碌但仍锻炼”，表让步关系；though/although可 引导让步状语从句，且不能与but连用，符合语境。 ·真题2（完形填空）： -We started early_we could arrive before dark. A.so that B.because C.if D.though -答案：A解析：主句“早点出发”的目的是“天黑前到达”，表目的关系；so that可引导目的状语从 句且从句含情态动词coud,符合语法规则，故选A。 考法二：状语从句与非谓语动词转换 ·核心：主从句主语一致时，根据从句与主句的逻辑关系（主动被动），将状语从句转换为相应的非谓语 动词形式(doing/done/to do) ·真题1（语法填空）： -When she-(walk)along the street,she met her old teacher. -答案：walking解析：主从句主语一致(she),walk与she为主动关系，根据时间状语从句转换规则， "when+主语+谓语”可转换为"when+doing”,故填walking。 ·真题2（语法填空）： --(finish)his homework,he went to bed. -答案：Having finished解析：主从句主语一致(he),finish与he为主动关系且动作先于主句动作完 成，根据原因状语从句转换规则，主动关系用doing,此处强调动作先后顺序，故用Having finished。. ·真题3（单项选择）： He studies hardhe can pass the exam A.so that B.in order to C.so as to D.such that -答案：A解析：空格后为完整句子(he can pass the exam),需用目的状语从句引导词so that;B、C 选项后接动词原形，D选项结构为such+名词+that,均不符合，故选A。 ·真题4（单项选择）： -_from the top of the tower,the city looks beautiful. A.Seeing B.Seen C.To see D.See -答案：B解析：句子主语the city与see为被动关系，根据时间/条件状语从句转换规则，被动关系用 done,故填Seeno 考法三：状语从句与非谓语动词转换及非谓语动词形式辨析 ·核心：判断状语从句能否转换为非谓语动词结构，并根据逻辑关系选择正确的非谓语动词形式(o- ing/done/to do) ·真题1（单项选择）： --the homework,he went out to play with his friends A.Finishing B.Finished C.To finish D.Having finished -答案：D解析：原句可还原为原因状语从句"Because he had finished the homework,he went out.”。 主从句主语一致，从句动作"nish”先于主句动作"went out'”完成，需用现在分词完成式表主动且完成 的动作，故选D。 ·真题2（语法填空）： --(work)hard all day,we felt very tired.We decided to take a rest so that we _(can)continue tomorrow. -答案：Having worked;could解析：第一空，原句为时间/原因状语从句”After we had worked hard all day.”,主从句主语一致，从句动作先于主句完成，用现在分词完成式Having worked;第二空，so that引导目的状语从句，根据主句过去时”decided”,从句情态动词用could。 语法复习」英语」北师大版 ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（北师大版） 解题小妙招 状语从句解题妙招 引导词辨析看逻辑，时间条件与因果；让步关系though/although,不可与but手牵手；目的状语so that 用，从句常带情态词。 非谓转换看主语，主从一致是前提；主动关系用doing,被动关系用done;动作先后要注意，完成主动 having done;目的状语从句与非谓，句子原形辨清晰。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.We will have a picnic tomorrow _it rains. A.if B.unless C.since D.though 2._she is young,she has traveled to over 20 countries. A.Because B.If C.Though D.So that 3.He spoke loudly_everyone in the room could hear him clearly. A.such that B.so that C.even if D.as if 4.-you study harder,you won't pass the final exam. A.Unless B.Since C.When D.Where 5.The movie wasboring_I fell asleep halfway. A.so;that B.such;that C.too;to D.enough;to 6.Remember_the door before leaving the house. A.locking B.to lock C.lock D.locked 7._in the street,I met an old classmate yesterday. A.Walk B.Walking C.Walked D.To walk 8.by the beautiful scenery,we decided to stay for another day. A.Attracting B.Attracted C.To attract D.Attract 9.He stopped_a rest because he felt very tired after running for an hour. A.having B.have C.to have D.had 10.from the hill,the village looks like a picture. A.Seeing B.Seen C.To see D.See 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.I will call you_I arrive at the airport.(时间状语从句引导词) 2.She studies hard _she can get into a good university.(目的状语从句引导词) 3._it is cold outside,he still wears a T-shirt.(让步状语从句引导词) 4.He was late for school_he missed the bus.(原因状语从句引导词) 5.You can sit一you like in the classroom.(地点状语从句导词) 6._((finish)his homework,he started watching TV.(非谓语动词) 7.The teacher told us_(not be)late for class again.(非谓语动词) 8._（work)hard all year,,she finally passed the exam.(非谓语动词) 9.The book_(write))by Lu Xun is very popular..(非谓语动词) 10.She ran as fast as she could_(catch)the last bus..(非谓语动词) 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） Last Saturday,I decided to visit my grandparents.I got up early_(catch)the first bus._(walk)to the bus stop,I met my neighbor Tom.He was going to the same direction,so we decided to go together. On the bus,we talked about our weekend plans.Tom said he wanted_(learn)to play the guitar,so he planned to take lessons.I told him I-(visit)my grandparents because they-(miss)me a lot recently. When we arrived at the village,my grandparents were waiting for me at the gate.They were so happy -see me that they prepared my favorite food.After lunch,my grandpa took me to the field-he grows vegetables.He told me he_(work)there every day since he retired. In the evening,we sat outside and watched the stars.My grandma told stories about her childhood, -made me laugh a lot.Before leaving,I promised_(come)back soon.It was a warm day,and I felt very happy_(spend)time with my family. 答案 演练一：单项选择 1.B2.C3.B4.A5.A6.B7.B8.B9.C10.B 演练二：填空试题 1.when/as/after 2.so that/in order that 3.Though/Although 4.because 5.where 6.Having finished 7.not to be 8.Having worked 9.written 10.to catch 演练三：语法填空 1.to catch 2.Walking 3.to learn 4.was visiting 5.had missed 6.to 7.where 8.had worked/has worked 9.which 10.to spend 语法复习|英语|北师大版