特殊句式系统复习倒装句强调句等-备战2026届高考英语一轮复习语法全解（北师大版）

ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（北师大版） Chapter1特殊句式系统复习（倒装句、强调句等） 考频分析 特殊句式系统复习是高中英语语法的重要模块，考频占语法总量的0%左右，主要分布在试卷部分核心 题型：单项选择1-2题、语法填空1题、短文改错1-2题。在语境理解和句式分析类题目中，倒装句的结 构、强调句的引导词及用法区别往往是解题关键。 老查内容 高中英语对特殊句式的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖结构特征与语境应用： ·倒装句：完全倒装(here/there引导、表语提前等)与部分倒装（否定词前置、only+状语等）的结构规 则及辨析； ·强调句：It is/was..that/who..基本结构，被强调成分（主语、宾语、状语）的识别与句式转换； ·其他特殊句式：祈使句、感叹句的构成与语气表达，反意疑问句的陈述部分与疑问部分搭配规则。 精讲精练 知识点一：倒装句的分类及用法 ·1.完全倒装（谓语全部置于主语前） -适用情况：表示地点、时间、方位的副词(here/there/now/then/out/.in/up/down)或介词短语置于句 首，且主语为名词 -例句：Here comes the bus..(地点副词here置于句首，主语the bus为名词)口In front of the house stands a tall tree.(介词短语置于句首，主语a tall tree为名词) ·2.部分倒装（助动词情态动词置于主语前，谓语动词原形保留原位） -适用情况1：否定副词(never/seldom/rarely/hardly/scarcely/neither/nor)或半否定词((little/few)置 于句首 -例句：口Never have I seen such a beautiful place.(否定副词never置于句首，助动词have提前) 口Little did he know about the accident.(半否定词little置于句首，助动词did提前) -适用情况2：”oly+状语”（副词介词短语/状语从句）置于句首 -例句：☐Only then did I realize my mistake.(only+时间副词then置于句首)☐Only in this way can we solve the problem.(only+介词短语置于句首) -适用情况3：so/neither/nor表示”也/也不”时，置于句首替代前文内容 -例句：口She likes English,so do I..(so替代前文肯定内容，助动词do提前)口He didn't finish homework,nor did I.(nor替代前文否定内容，助动词did提前) ·3.特殊倒装(as引导让步状语从句时的倒装) -结构特点：将表语/状语/动词原形置于句首，s置于中间，主谓不倒装 -例句：☐Young as he is,he knows a lot.(表语young置于句首)Hard as he worked,he failed the exam.(状语hard置于句首)口Try as he might,,he couldn't open the door.(动词原形try置于句首) 【即学即练】 1.【完全倒装判断】以下句子中属于完全倒装的是？ A.I have never seen such a film. B.Here comes the train. C.Only in this way can you succeed. D.He hardly eats meat. 2.【部分倒装填空】Never before_(have)I visited this city, 3.【倒装类型辨析】Only when he finished his work_(can)he go home.该句使用的是哪种倒装类型？ A.完全倒装 B.部分倒装 C.特殊倒装 D.无需倒装 4.【asl导倒装】 as she is,she speaks English fluently.(Young/Youngly) 5.【倒装规则应用】s0表示”也”置于句首时，句子需进行_倒装，no表示”也不”置于句首时，句子需进 行倒装。 语法复习|英语|北师大版 ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（北师大版） 知识点二：强调句和省略句 ·1.强调句（强调谓语以外的成分） -口基本结构 -It is/was+被强调部分（主语/宾语状语）+that/who+其他部分（强调人时可用who,其他情况用 that) -例句： *口Tom bought a book yesterday.(原句)→It was Tom who bought a book yesterday..(强调主语 Tom) *She met her friend in the park.(原句)→It was in the park that she met her friend.(强调地点 状语in the park) *They will finish the project next month.()It will be next month that they finish the project. (强调时间状语next m onth) 一口特殊考点 -强调句的疑问形式：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分？ -例句：Was it yesterday that you saw the accident'?(强调时间状语yesterday的一般疑问句) ·2.省略句（常见于对话和状语从句） -口对话中的省略（省略主语和助动词） -例句： *口一Do you like swimming?-Yes,Ido.(完整回答：Yes,I like swimming.省略动词like swimming) *口一Have you finished homework?一Not yet.(完整回答：I have not finished homework yet..省略 主语I和谓语部分have finished homework) -口状语从句中的省略（主从句主语一致且含be动词时，省略从句主语和be动词） -适用情况：when/while/if/as if/though引导的状语从句 一例句： *口When(she was)walking in the street,.she met an old friend.(省略从句主语she和be动词was) *口lf(itis)necessary,,we will help you.(省略从句主语it和be动词is) 一口不定式符号to的省略（感官动词和使役动词后作宾补的不定式） -常见动词：see,hear,watch,make,let,have -例句： *口I saw him enter the room.(完整形式：I saw him to enter the room.省略to) *☐The teacher made us finish homework on time.(完整形式：The teacher made us to finish home- work on time.省略to) 知识点三：虚拟语气 ·1.与现在事实相反的虚拟 一基本结构： -主句：would/could/might/should+动词原形 -从句(if引导)：动词过去式(be动词统一用were) -例句： *口If I were you,I would take the job.(如果我是你，我会接受这份工作。) *口She would study harder if she had more time.(如果她有更多时间，她会更努力学习。) ·2.与过去事实相反的虚拟 一基本结构： -主句：would/could/might/should+have+过去分词 -从句(if引导)：had+过去分词 -例句： *If he had come earlier,he would have caught the bus.(如果他早来一点，就能赶上公交车了。) *口We might have won the game if we had practiced more.(如果我们多练习，可能就赢了比赛。) ·3.与将来事实相反的虚拟 一基本结构： -主句：would/could/might/should+动词原形 -从句(if引导)：口动词过去式口should+动词原形口were to+动词原形 一例句： *口If it rained tom orrow,we would stay at home.(如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。) *口If he should come,tell him to wait for me.(万一他来，告诉他等我。)】 *口If I were to go abroad,I would learn a new language.(如果我要出国，我会学一门新语言。) ·4.特殊句式中的虚拟 -口wish后的宾语从句（与事实相反的愿望） *与现在相反：动词过去式(be用were)→I wish I were a bird..(我希望我是一只鸟。) *与过去相反：had+过去分词→She wishes she had met you yesterday.(她希望昨天见过你。) *与将来相反：would/could+动词原形→Ve wish the rain would stop soon.(我们希望雨快点停。) -口suggest/insist/demand等词后的宾语从句（表建议/要求/命令） *结构：should+动词原形(should可省略) *例句： ·☐The teacher suggests we(should)finish the task by Friday.(老师建议我们周五前完成任务。) ·口He insists she(should)apologize to him.(他坚持要她向他道歉。) -口as if/as though引导的状语从句（表“好像”，与事实不符时） *与现在事实相反：动词过去式→He talks as if he knew everything.(他说话好像什么都知道。) *与过去事实相反：had+过去分词，She looks as if she had cried.(她看起来好像哭过。) 语法复习|英语」北师大版 ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（北师大版） 考法一：完全倒装与部分倒装的辨析 ·核心：根据句首词的类型（地点副词介词短语、否定词/半否定词、oly+状语等）及主语词性，判断是 否使用倒装及倒装类型 ·真题1（语法填空）： In front of the classroom_(stand)a big tree.Many students rest under it after class. -答案：stands解析：句首为介词短语"In front of the classroom”,主语”a big tree”为名词，符合完全 倒装条件；主语为三单，谓语动词用stands。 ·真题2（单项选择）： --I realized the importance of learning English. A.Only then did B.Only then I C.Then only did D.Then only I -答案：A解析：”only+时间副词then”置于句首时，句子需部分倒装，将助动词did提前，主语I后接 动词原形realize,故选A。 考法二：倒装句与强调句虚拟语气融合辨析 ·1.倒装句与强调句融合辨析 一核心：区分完全倒装、部分倒装与强调句结构，根据语境判断是否使用倒装或强调句式 -真题1（语法填空）： Only when he returned home _he realize his mother had been ill. *答案：did解析：“only+时间状语从句”置于句首，主句需部分倒装；由returned可知时态为过去 时，助动词用did提前，谓语动词realize用原形。 -真题2（单项选择）： It was in the lab_was built last year_they finished the experiment. A.which that B.that which C.where that D.that where *答案：A解析：第一空为定语从句，先行词ab指物，关系代词which在从句中作主语；第二空为 强调句结构“twas+被强调部分（地点状语）+that+其他部分”，强调句连接词用that。 ·2.倒装句与虚拟语气融合辨析 一核心：结合虚拟语气的时态特征，判断是否需要使用倒装结构（如f省略时的部分倒装） -真题1（语法填空）： *_I known the truth,I would have told you immediately *答案：Had解析：与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，if从句用“had+过去分词”；省略if时需部分倒装， 将had置于句首。 -真题2（单项选择）： *it rain tomorrow,we would have to cancel the sports meeting A.Should B.Were C.Did D.Will *答案：A解析：与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，if从句可用“should-+动词原形”；省略if时需部分倒 装，将should置于句首。 ·3.强调句与虚拟语气融合辨析 -核心：识别强调句结构中的虚拟语气，根据时间语境判断虚拟语气的时态形式 -真题1（语法填空）： It was the advice he_(give)that saved her life *答案：had given解析：强调句结构强调主语“the advice”,后接定语从句；“建议”发生在“挽救 生命”之前，即过去的过去，用过去完成时had given。 -真题2（单项选择）： It is suggested that the meeting_put off until next week. A.should be B.was C.is D.will be *答案：A解析：suggest后的宾语从句需用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”，should可省略；此处为 强调句结构强调主语“it is suggested”,从句仍需保持虚拟语气形式。 老法三：倒装、强调与虚拟语气的综合运用 ·核心：结合倒装句的结构特点、强调句的基本框架及虚拟语气的时态搭配，在复杂语境中准确判断语法 形式 ·真题1（单项选择）： -Not until he failed the exam_he_hard enough.If he_more attention to his study,he would have passed. A.did;realize;paid B.realized;did;had paid C.did:realize:had paid D.realized;did;paid -答案：C解析：第一空考查部分倒装，"Not until+-时间状语”置于句首时主句需用部分倒装，结合failed 可知用一般过去时，助动词did提前，realize用原形；第二空考查虚拟语气，由主句would have passed” 可知与过去事实相反，从句用"had+过去分词”，pay的过去分词为paid。 ·真题2（语法填空）： It was only after she_(try)three times that she succeeded.Never before_she-(face)such a difficult challenge,but she acted as if she_(be)an expert. -答案：had tried;had;faced;were解析：第一空考查强调句中的时态，被强调部分”after she had tried three times”表示过去的过去，用过去完成时；第二空考查部分倒装，否定副词"Never before”置于句 首，结合上下文用过去完成时，助动词had提前；第三空考查asif引导的虚拟语气，与现在事实相反 (她并非专家)，be动词用were。 语法复习」英语」北师大版 ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（北师大版） 解题小妙招 倒装句解题妙招 完全倒装看句首，地点介词名词主； 部分倒装需注意，否定only加状语； 虚拟倒装也常见，if省had/should/were置前。 强调句解题妙招 强调结构"tbe”开头，被强调部分紧跟后； 连接词用that/who,指人that/who均可有； 去掉结构意不变，此乃强调标志显。 虚拟语气解题妙招 虚拟语气看时间，与现过将事实反； if句时态有规律，主句would加动词原； if省部分要倒装，had/should/were提前放。 综合运用解题妙招 倒装强调虚拟融，先辨类型再行动； 倒装看首找标志，强调结构先锁定； 虚拟时态要配对，综合语境细分析。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1._the students realized they had left their textbooks in the classroom. A.Only then did B.Only then C.Then only did D.Then only 2.It was in the small village-he spent his childhood-he learned to play the piano. A.where that B.that where C.which that D.that which 3._I known the truth earlier,I would have warned you. A.Had B.Have C.If D.Were 4.She suggests that we_the meeting until next Monday. A.should put off B.put off C.will put off D.would put off 5.-it rain tomorrow,we would have to reschedule the picnic. A.Should B.Were C.Did D.Will 6.Not only_speak English fluently,but also she can write beautiful essays. A.can she B.she can C.does she D.she does 7.It was the first time that he_such a difficult math problem A.had solved B.solved C.has solved D.solves 8.Young_she is,she has already published three novels. A.as B.although C.though D.while 9.by the teacher.he decided to study harder.