名词性从句系统复习-备战2026届高考英语一轮复习语法全解（北师大版）

ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（北师大版） Chapter1名词性从句系统复习 考频分析 名词性从句是高中英语语法的重要模块，考频占语法总量的15%左右，主要分布在以下核心题型：单项 选择(1-2题)、完形填空(1-2题)、语法填空(1-2题)、阅读理解（辅助理解长难句）、书面表达（提升 句式多样性与复杂度)。在语法填空中，连接词的选择和从句语序的判断是常见考点，直接影响句子结构 的正确性。 老查内容 高中英语对名词性从句的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖句法功能与连接词应用： ·从句类型识别：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句的基本结构与句法功能判断； ·连接词选用：that、if/whether、wh-类连接词(what、who、which、when、where、why、how)的辨析 与语境适配； ·语序与时态：陈述句语序在从句中的应用，主从句时态呼应规则（如主句为过去时，从句用相应过去时 态)。 精讲精练 知识点一：名词性从句的分类及引导词 ·主语从句（在句中作主语，位于句首或用t作形式主语） -常见引导词：that(无意义，不充当成分)、whether(是否)、连接代词(what/who/which/whose)、连 接副词(when/where/why/how) -例句：口hat he said is true.(what SI导主语从句，在从句中作宾语)口It is important that we should study hard.(it作形式主语，that引导真正主语从句) ·宾语从句（在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语） -常见引导词：that(可省略)、whether/if(是否)、连接代词(what/who/which)、连接副词 (when/where/why/how) -例句：口ldon't know if he will come tomorrow.(if引导宾语从句，表“是否")口She is interested in what he is doing.(what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语) ·表语从句（在句中作系动词的表语，位于系动词之后） -常见引导词：that(无意义)、whether(是否)、连接代词(what/who/which)、连接副词 (when/where/why/how/because -例句：口The problem is how we can solve it..(how引导表语从句，表方式)口That's why he was late.(why引导表语从句，表原因) ·同位语从句（在名词后作同位语，解释说明名词的具体内容） -常见引导词：that(无意义，不充当成分)、whether、连接副词(when/where/why/how)(常修饰抽 象名词：fact/idea/news/promise/truth等) -例句：口We heard the news that our team won the game.(that引导同位语从句，解释news的内 容)口I have no idea when he will return.(when引导同位语从句，修饰idea) 【即学即练】 1.【从句类型识别】"It is true that he passed the exam.”中，that引导的是什么从句？ A.主语从句 B.宾语从句 C.表语从句 D.同位语从句 2.【引导词选择】I have no idea_he will come back.(填when/that/what,,根据句意选) 3.【从句功能判断】"The question is whether we can finish it on time.”中，whether引导的从句作什么成 分？ A.主语 B.宾语 C.表语 D.同位语 4.【形式主语】It is necessary_we keep quiet in the library.(填引导词) 5.【同位语从句修饰词】同位语从句常修饰抽象名词，以下哪个不属于此类名词？ A.fact B.book C.idea D.news 语法复习」英语|北师大版 ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（北师大版） 知识点二：名词性从句的连接词选择与易错点 ·连接词分类及功能对比 1.连接词that vs..what -tht:无意义，不充当从句成分（用于所有名词性从句，宾语从句中可省略） -what:有意义(“什么所…的”)，必须充当从句成分（主语宾语/表语） -例句对比：That he will come is certain.(that引导主语从句，不充当成分)What he said surprised us.(what引导主语从句，在从句中作宾语) 2.if vs.whether 一共同点：表“是否”，引导宾语从句时可互换 -差异点： *whether可用于所有名词性从句（主语/宾语/表语同位语），if仅用于宾语从句 *whether可与or not直接连用(whether or not),if不可 *whether可置于句首引导主语从句，if不可 -例句对比：Idon't know if/whether she will come.(宾语从句，可互换)Whether she will come is uncertain.(主语从句，不可用if)I have no idea whether or not he will agree.(同位语从句，不可 用f) ·易错点及解题技巧 1.同位语从句与定语从句的区分（引导词that的功能差异） -同位语从句：that不充当成分，去掉后从句仍完整（解释名词内容） -定语从句：that充当成分（主语/宾语），去掉后从句不完整（修饰名词） -例句对比：The news that he won the game made us happy.(同位语从句，that不充当成分)The news that he told me made us happy.(定语从句，that在从句中作宾语) 2.宾语从句的时态呼应 一主句为过去时（一般过去时过去进行时），从句用相应过去时态（一般过去时过去完成时过去将 来时过去进行时)；主句为现在时/将来时，从句用任意时态 -例句：He said he would visit us next week.(主句过去时，从句用过去将来时)I think she has finished her homework.(主句现在时，从句用现在完成时) ·高考高频考点专项训练（单选） 1.-we will go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A.If B.Whether C.That D.What 2.答案：B 3.The teacher asked the students_they had finished their homework. A.that B.what C.if D.whose 4.答案：C 5.We all know the fact _the earth moves around the sun. A.which B.that C.what D.when 6.答案：B 7.He has no idea to do next. A.how B.when C.what D.that 8.答案：C 9.My parents always tell me_is important is to be honest. A.that B.which C.what D.it 10.答案：C 知识点三：名词性从句的语序与特殊用法 ·陈述语序规侧及易错点 一所有名词性从句必须使用陈述语序（主语+谓语），不可用疑问语序 -错误示例：Can you tell me where does he live?(疑问语序，x) -正确示例：Can you tell me where he lives?(陈述语序，V) -特殊疑问词引导时的语序对比：How did he solve the problem?(特殊疑问句，疑问语序)Idon't know how he solved the problem.(宾语从句，陈述语序) ·虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用 1.表示建议I命令/要求/坚持的动词(suggest/.advise/order/require/insist等)后的宾语从句用”should+ 动词原形”，should可省略 2.例句：The teacher suggested that we(should)finish the task on time 3.tis+adj.ln.+that从句(adj.表示”重要/必要/奇怪”等：important/necessary/strange等；n.表示”建 议I命令”等：suggestion/order等)，从句用”should+-动词原形”，should可省略 4.例句：It is necessary that we(should)keep quiet in the library. 5.wⅵsh后的宾语从句用虚拟语气（与现在事实相反用过去时，与过去事实相反用过去完成时，与将来事 实相反用would/,could+动词原形) 6.例句：I wish I knew the answer now.(与现在事实相反) ·高考真题改编专项训练（单选） 1.Could you please tell me_the nearest post office is? A.what B.how C.where D.when 2.答案：C 3.It is suggested that the meeting_put off till next week. A.should B.would C.must D.can 4.答案：A 5.I don't think_possible to master a foreign language without much practice. A.this B.that C.it D.what 6.答案：C 7.The suggestion-students should learn some practical skills is worth considering. A.if B.which C.that D.what 8.答案：C 9.She asked meI had finished reading the book. A.what B.if C.that D.which 10.答案：B 语法复习|英语|北师大版 ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（北师大版） 考法一：连接词that与what的辨析 ·核心：根据从句是否缺成分及语义需求，区分使用that(无意义，不充当成分)和wht(表“所…的”， 充当成分) ·真题1（语法填空）： --he succeeded in the exam made his parents very happy. 一答案：That解析：从句he succeeded in the exam”结构完整，不缺成分，且为主语从句，故用that 引导，that无意义不充当成分。 ·真题2（完形填空）： Can you tell me_you bought yesterday? A.that B.what C.if D.whether -答案：B解析：从句“you bought yesterday”缺少宾语，需用有意义且充当成分的连接词，hat表 示“所…的东西”，在从句中作宾语，符合语境。 考法二：连接词选择与语序综合判断 ·核心：结合连接词的语法功能（是否充当成分、是否表”是否”等）和名词性从句的陈述语序规则，判断 正确选项 ·真题1（语法填空）： No one knows exactly-the ancient city disappeared suddenly. -答案：why解析：从句"the ancient city disappeared suddenly"为主谓结构完整（主语the ancient city,. 谓语disappeared),需用连接副词；结合语境”古城突然消失”应表原因，故填why。 ·真题2（完形填空）： -Could you explain__you made the mistake in the experiment? A.how B.what C.which D.where did -答案：A解析：从句需用陈述语序，排除D(疑问语序)；从句”you made the mistake”主谓宾完整， 无需连接代词(what/which需充当成分)，how表方式符合语境，故选A。 考法三：名词性从句的综合运用与连接词辨析 ·核心：结合名词性从句的类型判断、连接词功能及语序规则，解决复杂语境中的语法问题 ·真题1（单项选择）： -_the meeting will be held next week is not decided yet,but we all agree_it should be held in the new conference room. A.If;that B.Whether;that C.That;if D.What;which -答案：B解析：第一空引导主语从句，表“是否”且位于句首，只能用whether;第二空引导宾语从 句，从句成分完整且无疑问意义，用tht(可省略但此处为保持结构清晰未省略)。 ·真题2（语法填空）： The manager hasn't made a decision on-we should start the project.Some workers suggest _(hold)a discussion first to collect more ideas. -答案：when holding解析：第一空引导宾语从句，根据句意“何时开始项目”，用连接副词when;第 二空suggest后接宾语从句时需用虚拟语气(should+动词原形)，但此处suggest表“建议”且后接 动名词作宾语，故填holding。 语法复习|英语|北师大版 ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（北师大版） 解题小妙招 名词性从句三要点，连接词、成分、语序先； that无义不成分，what含义且充单； 成分完整用副词，是否含义whether选； 陈述语序要牢记，疑问语序需转换； 主从位于句首时，whether不能换成if; suggest后接动名词，虚拟语气也常见。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.he will attend the meeting tomorrow is still unknown to us. A.That B.What C.Whether D.If 2.She hasn't decided_to choose the red dress or the blue one for the party. A.that B.if C.whether D.what 3.The teacher always tells us_honesty is the best policy in our daily life A.that B.what C.how D.why 4.We all agreethe plan should be carried out immediately without any delay. A.if B.that C.whether D.when 5.Could you please explain_you improved your English so quickly in the past year? A.what B.how C.that D.which 6.-the scientists have discovered a new energy source is exciting news for the world. A.What B.That C.If D.Whether 7.I have no idea_the concert will start this weekend.Let's check the ticket information online. A.when B.that C.what D.how 8.The problem-we should ask for help from the experts hasn't been discussed yet. A.which B.what C.if D.whether 9.-surprised everyone most was that the little girl could speak five foreign languages fluently. A.That B.Which C.What D.Who 10.He asked me_I had finished reading the novel he lent me last month. A.that B.if C.what D.which 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.The fact _the earth revolves around the sun is known to everyone. 2.Do you know_the nearest subway station is located?