Unit 1 词汇和新题型专练 2025-2026学年沪教版（五四学制）英语八年级上册

上海英语新教材词汇专练-八年级(上)Unit 1 分类 词汇 五级词汇 factory,salty,rest,rare,presentation,boring,treatment,include,research, agree,indirect,touching,corner,set off,step,bathe,shine,pour,shut,drop, fully,precious,shoulder,snake,thirsty,limited,spread,awareness 四级词汇 litre,billion,chemical,dishwasher,kilo,hamburger,cotton,desert,soap, pot,hole,mud,forward,nor,wastewater,beyond,energy-saving 练习一 词 汇 匹 配 1.litre(AmE:liter) A . 千 米 B . 升 C . 克 D . 毫 升 2.factory A . 医 院 B . 工 厂 C . 商 店 D . 市 场 3.billion A . 百 万 B . 万 C . 十 亿 D . 千 4.salty A . 甜 的 B . 酸 的 C . 咸 的 D . 苦 的 5.rest A . 剩余部分;休息时间B . 热身C . 锻炼D . 工作 6.rare A . 常见的B . 稀少的;珍贵的C . 普通的D . 频繁的 7.presentation A.报纸 B.作文 C.展示会;介绍会 D.实验 8.boring A.有趣的 B.没趣的 C.令人激动的 D.紧张的 9.chemical A.化学品 B . 食 物 C . 药 品 D . 噪 音 10.wastewater A . 饮 用 水 B . 冰 水 C . 废 水 D . 雨 水 11.treatment A . 医生 B . 处理;加工C . 疾病D . 成绩 12.include A . 排除 B . 包括;包含C . 忽视D . 分开 13.research A . 旅行 B . 讨论C . 研究;调查D . 聊天 14.agree A . 不满B . 争吵C . 同意;赞成D . 怀疑 15.beyond A . 在 … … 里面 B . 除 … … 之外 C . 向下 D.关于 …… 16.energy-saving A.节能的 B.费电的 C . 充电的D . 累人的 17.dishwasher A . 冰箱 B . 洗碗碟机 C . 烤箱 D . 微波炉 18.indirect A . 直接的 B . 明确的 C . 间接的 D . 公共的 19.kilo A . 千 克 B . 公 里 C . 升 D . 克 20.hamburger A . 热狗 B . 汉堡包 C . 三明治 D . 披萨 21.cotton A . 棉布;棉织物 B . 羊毛 C . 丝绸 D . 麻布 22.touching A.无聊的 B.吓人的 C.激动的 D.感人的;令人同情的 23.desert A . 森 林 B . 沙 漠 C . 草 地 D . 山 谷 24.soap A . 水 B . 洗 衣 粉 C . 肥 皂 D . 漂 白 剂 25.corner A . 墙 B . 角 C . 地 板 D . 门 26.pot A . 书 B . 杯 子 C . 容 器 D . 水 瓶 27.set off A . 取消 B . 出发;启程 C . 等待D . 停留 28.hole A . 坑 ; 洞 B . 山 C . 路 D . 桥 29.step A . 躺下 B . 迈步;踩 C . 扔 D . 跳 30.mud A . 水泥 B . 沙子 C . 雪 D . 泥;淤泥 31.bathe A . 敲打 B . 用水清洗(身体部位) C . 化妆 D . 换衣服 32.shine A . 照 耀 B . 闪 电 C . 睡 觉 D . 掉 落 33.forward A . 向 下 B . 向 前 C . 向 左 D . 向 后 34.pour A . 倒出;流出 B . 喝 C . 吃 D . 舀起 35.shut A . 打开B . 敲 C . 合上;关闭 D . 拖拉 36.drop A . 块 B . 滴;水珠 C . 声音 D . 光 37.fully A.勉强 B.缓慢地 C.完全地;充分地 D.仓促地 38.precious A.便宜的 B.普通的 C.宝贵的;珍贵的 D.多余的 39.shoulder A . 胳 膊 B . 背 部 C . 肩 膀 D . 手 指 40.snake A . 老 虎 B . 蛇 C . 蜥 蜴 D . 鱼 41.thirsty A . 困倦的 B . 睡着的 C . 想哭的 D .口渴的 42.nor A.也不 B . 所 以 C . 如 果 D . 然 而 43.limited A . 无限的 B . 有限的 C . 开放的 D . 空的 44.spread A . 聚集 B . 传播 C . 整 理 D . 安 放 45.awareness A.意识 B . 活 力 C . 能 量 D . 成 绩 练习二 词汇应用: ( )1.I usually drink about one litre of water every day. A. 瓶 B. 杯 C.升 D. 勺 ( )2.My uncle works in a car factory outside the city. A.商店 B. 工厂 C. 学校 D. 医院 ( )3.China has a population of over one billion. A.一百万 B.十亿 C. 十万 D. 一千 ( )4.This soup is too salty. I need some water. A.甜的 B.酸的 C. 辣的 D.咸的 ( )5.I finished my homework during the rest of the evening. A. 开始 B. 剩余部分 C. 结束 D.早晨 ( )6.Pandas are rare animals and need protection. A.常见的 B. 快的 C. 稀少的 D. 凶猛的 ( )7.I'm preparing a presentation about water pollution for class. A.比赛 B. 报告 C. 展示会 D. 座位 ( )8.The movie was really boring. I almost fell asleep. A.有趣的 B. 紧张的 C.感人的 D. 没趣的 ( )9.Some chemicals in the water can be harmful to fish. A.颜色 B. 化学品 C.水泡 D. 味道 ( )10.The wastewater must be cleaned before going into rivers. A.雨水 B.饮用水 C. 废水 D. 井水 ( )11.Water treatment is important before people can drink it. A. 储存 B. 使用 C. 净化处理 D. 冲洗 ( )12.The price does not include drinks. A. 限制 B. 包括 C.排除 D. 加热 ( )13.Scientists research new ways to save energy. A. 反对 B. 研究 C.运输 D. 支持 ( )14.I agree that protecting nature is important. A. 建议 B. 争论 C. 同意 D. 忘记 ( )15.Water is needed for life,and this goes beyond just drinking. A.除……之外 B.在……下面 C. 在……后面 D. 接近 …… ( )16.We should all use energy-saving products. A.高能的 B. 节能的 C. 新 的 D. 昂贵的 ( )17.The dishwasher saves both time and water. A. 微波炉 B.烤箱 C. 吸尘器 D. 洗碗碟机 ( )18.There are indirect ways to help the environment,like saving paper. A. 直接的 B. 间接的 C.实际的 D. 快速的 ( )19.A watermelon weighs about two kilos. A. 克 B. 千克 C. 吨 D. 升 ( )20.I ate a hamburger for lunch. A. 热狗 B. 饼干 C. 汉堡包 D. 披萨 ( )21.This shirt is made of cotton. A. 羊毛 B. 棉布 C. 丝绸 D. 牛仔布 ( )22.The movie's ending was very touching. A. 幽默的 B. 无聊的 C.感人的 D. 恐怖的 ( )23.The camel lives in the desert . A. 森林 B. 沙漠 C. 海洋 D. 冰川 ( )24.Don't forget to take some soap to wash your hands. A. 毛巾 B. 牙 膏 C. 肥皂 D. 香水 ( )25.There's a small shop on the street corner. A. 顶部 B. 中 心 C. 角落 D. 边缘 ( )26.She boiled some water in a pot. A. 盘子 B. 容器 C.瓶子 D. 勺子 ( )27.We will set off early tomorrow morning. A. 出发 B. 结束 C. 到达 D. 搭车 ( )28.Be careful—there's a big hole in the road. A. 石头 B. 土堆 C. 洞 D. 水坑 ( )29.Don't step on the flowers! A. 躺 B. 坐 C. 踩 D. 听 ( )30.His shoes were full of mud after the rain. A. 沙子 B.灰尘 C.雨 D. 泥 ( )31.Some people bathe in hot springs. A. 行走 B.用水洗 C. 读书 D. 烧水 ( )32.The sun will shine tomorrow morning. A.落下 B. 照耀 C. 移动 D. 发出声音 ( )33.Keep moving forward until you see the park. A. 向前 B. 向上 C. 向右 D. 向左 ( )34.He poured juice into a glass. A. 打开 B. 倒出 C. 吃 D. 摇动 ( )35.Please shut the door behind you. A. 关上 B. 打开 C. 擦干 D. 修理 ( )36.A drop of rain fell on my face. A. 滴 B.声音 C.闪光 D. 风 ( )37.She was fully ready for the test. A. 暂时地 B. 完全地 C.慢慢地 D. 粗心地 ( )38.Clean water is precious in many parts of the world. A. 常见的 B. 有害的 C. 灰色的 D. 宝贵的 ( )39.He carried the box on his shoulder. A. 胳膊 B.肩膀 C. 腰 D. 手指 ( )40.The river snakes through the forest. A. 躲避 B. 飞越 C. 蜿蜒前行 D.爬行 ( )41.I’m very thirsty after running. A. 冷的 B. 热的 C. 累的 D. 渴的 ( )42.She doesn't like coffee, nor does she drink tea. A. 或 B.也不 C.因此 D. 如果 ( )43.Clean water is limited in the desert. A. 多的 B. 有限的 C. 干净的 D. 灰尘的 ( )44.The virus can spread easily through the air. A. 扔出 B. 传播 C. 控制 D. 煮沸 ( )45.The campaign helped raise public awareness of water safety. A. 报告 B.能力 C. 意识 D. 表情 练习三 词性拓展: 请写出黑体单词在句子中的汉语意思和词性 1. The chemical smells terrible, but it's used in many chemical reactions. 2. The researchers are busy doing research on water treatment. 3. I totally agree with you,and I think our agreement is important. 4. The company made a presentation yesterday to present its new water-saving products. 5. The soup tastes too salty ,and the salt in it is not good for health. 6. We must include all students in the activity. Everyone's inclusion matters. 7. This kind of treatment is used to treat wastewater in the factory. 8. This work is very boring, and I feel so bored already. 9. The rest of the food is in the fridge,and we can rest after dinner. 10. The touching story made everyone cry. I was really touched. 11. The drop of water hit the leaf and then started to drop slowly. 12. The shine of the sun made the window glass shine brightly. 13. I love this energy-saving bulb. It can really help us save a lot of energy. 14. The villagers work together to spread the news quickly, and the spread of information is amazing. 15. She gave a forward look and then moved forward quickly. 16. Snakes can move in a snaking way through the grass. 17. They made a big hole in the wall and used it to hole the cables through. 18. Don't step on the wet floor,or you'll leave muddy steps behind. 19. I felt very precious to him, and he gave me a precious ring. 20. I learned a lot from his awareness talk. He's really an aware person. 练习四 词性转换默写: 1. bore v. 使厌烦 adj. (修饰人)感到厌烦的 adj. (修饰物)令人厌烦的 2. comfort n. 舒适 adj. 舒适的 adv. 舒适地 adj. 不舒服的 3. fight v.战斗 n. 战士 4. forget v.忘记 adj. 健忘的;容易忘的 5. peace n.和平 adj. 和平的 6. regular adj. 规律的 adv. 有规律地 7. surprise v. 使惊讶 adj. 令人吃惊的 adj. (修饰人) 吃惊的 8. research v. 研究 n. 研究 9. agree v. 同意 n. 同意 _ adj.同意的;赞成的 10. presentation n. 展示;介绍 _ v. 展示;介绍 11. chemical n. 化学品 adj. 化学的 12. include v. 包括 adj. 包括在内的;作为一部分的 13. precious adj. 珍贵的 n. 珍贵(性); 宝贵 14. aware adj. 意识到的 n. 意识 15. limited adj.有限的 v. 限制 16. energy n. 能量 adj. 节能的 17. touch v. 感动;触碰 adj. 感人的;令人同情的 18. indirect adj. 间接的 adv. 间接地 19. pour v. 倾倒 n. 倾倒;倾泻 20. shine v. 照耀 adj. 闪亮的 练习五 词性转换填空: 1. I felt so (bore) that I almost fell asleep. 2. This sofa is really (comfort). I love sitting here. 3. He is a great (fight) who never gives up. 4. I can't (forget) the kindness you showed me. 5. Everyone hopes for a more (peace) world. 6. She spoke very (regular) during the meetings. 7. That was a truly (surprise) result! 8. The factory is trying to reduce its (waste water) production. 9. They are testing a new method of water (treat). 10. The talk was very (inform), and I learned a lot. 11. They are doing some (research) on the new medicine. 12. He gave a good (present) on the environment. 13. Please be more (care) when handling these chemicals. 14. I think it's important to be (include) of everyone. 15. The (touch) story made the whole class cry. 16. The lights began to (shine) brightly in the sky. 17. We must use (energy) products to protect the environment. 18. The service is only available to a (limit) number of users. 19. I love the natural feel of (cotton) clothes in summer. 20. He works hard to raise public (aware) of climate change. 练习六 句子翻译: 1. 他一天喝了一升水,但还觉得口渴。 He drank a of but still felt . 2. 这家工厂生产各种棉制品。 The produces various products made of . 3. 这汤太咸了,没法喝。 The soup is too to . 4. 看完展示会后,我们被所看到的情景深深打动。 After the ,we were deeply by what we saw. 5. 这种废水处理系统可以大大减少污染。 This type of helps reduce pollution. 6. 他们的研究包括了实验和调查两部分。 Their research both experiments and . 7. 他同意我们的观点,并提出了自己的建议。 He with us and his own ideas. 8. 除了她以外,所有人都参加了会议。 Everyone attended the meeting. her. 9. 这种节能洗碗机既方便又环保。 This is both convenient and eco-friendly. 10. 太阳此刻正明亮地照耀着沙漠。 The sun is brightly on the right now. 11. 他把一整壶水倒进了锅里。 He a whole of water into the pot. 12. 她把包扛在肩上,继续前进。 She her bag on her and moved forward. 13. 小蛇在草地里蜿蜒前行。 The little snake through the . 14. 我不小心踩进了泥里,鞋子脏了。 I accidentally into the and got my shoes dirty. 15. 她从顶部不小心掉下了一滴水。 She accidentally dropped a of water from the . 16. 雨下得很大,水从屋顶倾泻而下。 It rained heavily and water down from the . 17. 他完全关上了门,外面的声音都听不见了。 He the door and couldn't hear anything outside. 18. 我们要提高人们对节水的意识。 We need to raise public of water . 19. 有些珍贵资源一旦用尽就无法恢复。 Some can't be restored once used up. 20. 阳光照耀在雪地上,一切都闪闪发光。 The sunlight on the snow and everything began to 练习七 阅读理解: Water is a precious resource that is essential for all forms of life on Earth. It covers about 71%of the planet's surface, yet only a small fraction of it is available for human use. Freshwater, which is vital for drinking, agriculture,and industry, is becoming increasingly scarce due to population growth and climate change. Therefore, water conservation is more important than ever. In many parts of the world, people face water shortages daily. Some regions experience severe droughts, while others struggle with polluted water sources. To address these challenges, communities and governments are implementing various strategies to conserve water. These include fixing leaky pipes, promoting water-saving technologies, and encouraging public awareness campaigns. One effective way to conserve water is through simple everyday actions. For example, taking shorter showers, fixing dripping taps, and using water-efficient appliances can significantly reduce water usage. Additionally, collecting rainwater for gardening and other non-potable uses can help preserve freshwater supplies. Water conservation not only helps ensure that there is enough water for current needs but also protects the environment and supports sustainable development. By working together and adopting water-saving habits, we can make a positive impact on the planet and secure a better future for generations to come. ( ) 1.What percentage of Earth's surface is covered by water? A. About 51%of the planet's surface. B. About 61%of the planet's surface. C. About 71%of the planet's surface. D. About 81%of the planet's surface. ( ) 2.Why is freshwater becoming increasingly scarce? A. Due to decreased rainfall worldwide. B. Because of population growth and climate change. C. As a result of too many water conservation efforts. D. From excessive use in space exploration. ( )3.What is one effective way to conserve water mentioned in the text? A. Building more water parks. B. Taking shorter showers. C. Increasing bottled water sales. D. Creating artificial lakes. ( )4.Which everyday action helps conserve water? A. Taking longer hot showers daily. B. Leaving taps running while brushing teeth. C. Using water-efficient appliances. D. Watering lawns during midday. ( )5.How does water conservation help the future? A. By making bottled water more expensive. B. Through protecting the environment. C. By reducing the number of rivers. D. Through increasing water pollution. 读后续写: Water is not just a resource; it's a magical element that shapes our world. From the vast oceans to the tiniest droplets, water plays a crucial role in the cycle of life. It nourishes plants, supports ecosystems, and sustains all living beings. Without water, the Earth would be a barren wasteland, devoid of the vibrant life we see today. In ancient times, water was revered as a sacred gift. People built their civilizations around rivers and lakes, recognizing the life-giving power of water. The Nile River, for example, was the lifeblood of ancient Egypt, providing water for irrigation and enabling the growth of crops. Similarly, the Indus River supported the development of the Indus Valley Civilization, one of the earliest urban societies. Today, water continues to be a vital resource, but it faces new challenges. Pollution, overuse, and climate change are threatening the availability and quality of water. Rivers are drying up; lakes are shrinking, and groundwater supplies are being depleted. It's more important than ever to protect our water sources and use them wisely. One way to do this is through water conservation. For example, . Simple actions like turning off the tap while brushing your teeth, fixing leaky pipes, and using water-efficient appliances can make a big difference. In addition, communities can work together to clean up polluted waterways and restore damaged ecosystems. By taking these steps,we can ensure that water remains a life-giving force for generations to come. Task 1: Answer the questions. 1. What role does water play in the cycle of life? 2. How did ancient civilizations use water? 3. What modern challenges are water resources facing? 4. What simple actions can individuals take to conserve water? 5. Why is it important to protect water sources? Task 2: 6. Write an example in about 25 words to complete the tip. 练习八 语法选择: Water is the foundation of all life, and its conservation requires our immediate attention. 1 you brush your teeth or do the dishes, pause to think about how much water you're using. Many people leave the tap running 2 they're lathering(涂泡沫) their hands, unaware that every drop counts. In some villages,children must carry heavy water buckets 3 they reach a distant well. They can't afford to waste a single drop 4 clean water is scarce there. We're 5 to have tap water at home, but this luxury may disappear unless we take steps to protect it. When I participated in a water-saving project last year, I realized how easy it is to save 50 liters a day by 6 leaks. Now I always turn off the tap 7 I soap my hands and only run the washing machine when it's full. Experts say small habits like these can make a big difference 8 they're adopted by millions. Farmers often water crops at night when the sun is 9 intense, reducing evaporation. Cities are also upgrading pipes before old systems cause major leaks. Remember: every time you save water, you're preserving a resource that millions fight 10 daily. ( )1. A.Until B.When C.Unless ( )2. A.as B.after C.until ( )3. A.before B.when C.until ( )4. A.because B.so C.why ( )5. A.fortunately B.fortunate C.unfortunate ( )6. A.fix B.fixed C.fixing ( )7. A.unless B.before C.until ( )8. A.after B.when C.since ( )9. A.less B.many C.more ( )10. A.of B.for C.in 单词选择: A. awareness B.limited C.precious D.research E.dishwasher F.treatment Water is the essence of life,yet it remains one of our most 1 and limited resources. Across the globe,millions of people in arid deserts spend hours each day walking to fetch clean water, carrying heavy containers on their shoulders. This reality highlights the urgent need for better water management and 2 technologies. In urban areas, factories and households often generate large amounts of wastewater, which must undergo strict treatment before being recycled. Scientists are also conducting extensive 3 to develop energy-saving methods for purifying saltwater, as over 97%of Earth's water is salty and unusable for drinking. At home, small habits can lead to significant savings. For instance, a leaking tap that drips once per second wastes over 3,000 liters of water annually—a volume enough to fill an entire swimming pool! Using a 4 wisely, only when fully loaded, can save up to 50%more water than hand washing. Educating others about water scarcity is equally crucial. In schools, teachers often organize presentations to raise 5 about how every drop matters. Through these efforts, students learn that even simple actions like turning off the tap while brushing teeth can contribute to preserving this vital resource for future generations. 练习九 话题词汇: 子话题 词汇/短语 词性 释义 水的种类 freshwater saltwater wastewater drinking water tap water 获取水资源 collect rainwater water supply well stream river lake ocean 水的使用 take a shower wash hands do the laundry bathe pour drip 节水环保 save water water-saving energy-saving reuse reduce awareness water pollution chemical waste 水的价值 precious limited clean dirty essential 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 上海英语新教材词汇专练---八年级（上）Unit 1 分类 词汇 五级词汇 factory,salty,rest,rare,presentation,boring,treatment,include,research, agree,indirect,touching,corner,set off,step,bathe,shine,pour,shut,drop, fully,precious,shoulder,snake,thirsty,limited,spread,awareness 四级词汇 litre,billion,chemical,dishwasher,kilo,hamburger,cotton,desert,soap, pot,hole,mud,forward,nor,wastewater,beyond,energy-saving 练习一 词 汇 匹 配 1.litre(AmE:liter) A . 千 米 B . 升 C . 克 D . 毫 升 2.factory A . 医 院 B . 工 厂 C . 商 店 D . 市 场 3.billion A . 百 万 B . 万 C . 十 亿 D . 千 4.salty A . 甜 的 B . 酸 的 C . 咸 的 D . 苦 的 5.rest A . 剩余部分；休息时间B . 热身C . 锻炼D . 工作 6.rare A . 常见的B . 稀少的；珍贵的C . 普通的D . 频繁的 7.presentation A.报纸 B.作文 C.展示会；介绍会 D.实验 8.boring A.有趣的 B.没趣的 C.令人激动的 D.紧张的 9.chemical A.化学品 B . 食 物 C . 药 品 D . 噪 音 10.wastewater A . 饮 用 水 B . 冰 水 C . 废 水 D . 雨 水 11.treatment A . 医生 B . 处理；加工C . 疾病D . 成绩 12.include A . 排除 B . 包括；包含C . 忽视D . 分开 13.research A . 旅行 B . 讨论C . 研究；调查D . 聊天 14.agree A . 不满B . 争吵C . 同意；赞成D . 怀疑 15.beyond A . 在 … … 里面 B . 除 … … 之外 C . 向下 D.关于 …… 16.energy-saving A.节能的 B.费电的 C . 充电的D . 累人的 17.dishwasher A . 冰箱 B . 洗碗碟机 C . 烤箱 D . 微波炉 18.indirect A . 直接的 B . 明确的 C . 间接的 D . 公共的 19.kilo A . 千 克 B . 公 里 C . 升 D . 克 20.hamburger A . 热狗 B . 汉堡包 C . 三明治 D . 披萨 21.cotton A . 棉布；棉织物 B . 羊毛 C . 丝绸 D . 麻布 22.touching A.无聊的 B.吓人的 C.激动的 D.感人的；令人同情的 23.desert A . 森 林 B . 沙 漠 C . 草 地 D . 山 谷 24.soap A . 水 B . 洗 衣 粉 C . 肥 皂 D . 漂 白 剂 25.corner A . 墙 B . 角 C . 地 板 D . 门 26.pot A . 书 B . 杯 子 C . 容 器 D . 水 瓶 27.set off A . 取消 B . 出发；启程 C . 等待D . 停留 28.hole A . 坑 ； 洞 B . 山 C . 路 D . 桥 29.step A . 躺下 B . 迈步；踩 C . 扔 D . 跳 30.mud A . 水泥 B . 沙子 C . 雪 D . 泥；淤泥 31.bathe A . 敲打 B . 用水清洗(身体部位) C . 化妆 D . 换衣服 32.shine A . 照 耀 B . 闪 电 C . 睡 觉 D . 掉 落 33.forward A . 向 下 B . 向 前 C . 向 左 D . 向 后 34.pour A . 倒出；流出 B . 喝 C . 吃 D . 舀起 35.shut A . 打开B . 敲 C . 合上；关闭 D . 拖拉 36.drop A . 块 B . 滴；水珠 C . 声音 D . 光 37.fully A.勉强 B.缓慢地 C.完全地；充分地 D.仓促地 38.precious A.便宜的 B.普通的 C.宝贵的；珍贵的 D.多余的 39.shoulder A . 胳 膊 B . 背 部 C . 肩 膀 D . 手 指 40.snake A . 老 虎 B . 蛇 C . 蜥 蜴 D . 鱼 41.thirsty A . 困倦的 B . 睡着的 C . 想哭的 D .口渴的 42.nor A.也不 B . 所 以 C . 如 果 D . 然 而 43.limited A . 无限的 B . 有限的 C . 开放的 D . 空的 44.spread A . 聚集 B . 传播 C . 整 理 D . 安 放 45.awareness A.意识 B . 活 力 C . 能 量 D . 成 绩 Keys: 1.B 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.B 9.A 10.C 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.C 15.B 16.A 17.B 18.C 19.A 20.B 21.A 22.D 23.B 24.C 25.B 26.C 27.B 28.A 29.B 30.D 31.B 32.A 33.B 34.A 35.C 36.B 37.C 38.C 39.C 40.B 41.D 42.A 43.B 44.B 45.A 练习二 词汇应用： ( )1.I usually drink about one litre of water every day. A. 瓶 B. 杯 C.升 D. 勺 ( )2.My uncle works in a car factory outside the city. A.商店 B. 工厂 C. 学校 D. 医院 ( )3.China has a population of over one billion. A.一百万 B.十亿 C. 十万 D. 一千 ( )4.This soup is too salty. I need some water. A.甜的 B.酸的 C. 辣的 D.咸的 ( )5.I finished my homework during the rest of the evening. A. 开始 B. 剩余部分 C. 结束 D.早晨 ( )6.Pandas are rare animals and need protection. A.常见的 B. 快的 C. 稀少的 D. 凶猛的 ( )7.I'm preparing a presentation about water pollution for class. A.比赛 B. 报告 C. 展示会 D. 座位 ( )8.The movie was really boring. I almost fell asleep. A.有趣的 B. 紧张的 C.感人的 D. 没趣的 ( )9.Some chemicals in the water can be harmful to fish. A.颜色 B. 化学品 C.水泡 D. 味道 ( )10.The wastewater must be cleaned before going into rivers. A.雨水 B.饮用水 C. 废水 D. 井水 ( )11.Water treatment is important before people can drink it. A. 储存 B. 使用 C. 净化处理 D. 冲洗 ( )12.The price does not include drinks. A. 限制 B. 包括 C.排除 D. 加热 ( )13.Scientists research new ways to save energy. A. 反对 B. 研究 C.运输 D. 支持 ( )14.I agree that protecting nature is important. A. 建议 B. 争论 C. 同意 D. 忘记 ( )15.Water is needed for life,and this goes beyond just drinking. A.除……之外 B.在……下面 C. 在……后面 D. 接近 …… ( )16.We should all use energy-saving products. A.高能的 B. 节能的 C. 新 的 D. 昂贵的 ( )17.The dishwasher saves both time and water. A. 微波炉 B.烤箱 C. 吸尘器 D. 洗碗碟机 ( )18.There are indirect ways to help the environment,like saving paper. A. 直接的 B. 间接的 C.实际的 D. 快速的 ( )19.A watermelon weighs about two kilos. A. 克 B. 千克 C. 吨 D. 升 ( )20.I ate a hamburger for lunch. A. 热狗 B. 饼干 C. 汉堡包 D. 披萨 ( )21.This shirt is made of cotton. A. 羊毛 B. 棉布 C. 丝绸 D. 牛仔布 ( )22.The movie's ending was very touching. A. 幽默的 B. 无聊的 C.感人的 D. 恐怖的 ( )23.The camel lives in the desert . A. 森林 B. 沙漠 C. 海洋 D. 冰川 ( )24.Don't forget to take some soap to wash your hands. A. 毛巾 B. 牙 膏 C. 肥皂 D. 香水 ( )25.There's a small shop on the street corner. A. 顶部 B. 中 心 C. 角落 D. 边缘 ( )26.She boiled some water in a pot. A. 盘子 B. 容器 C.瓶子 D. 勺子 ( )27.We will set off early tomorrow morning. A. 出发 B. 结束 C. 到达 D. 搭车 ( )28.Be careful—there's a big hole in the road. A. 石头 B. 土堆 C. 洞 D. 水坑 ( )29.Don't step on the flowers! A. 躺 B. 坐 C. 踩 D. 听 ( )30.His shoes were full of mud after the rain. A. 沙子 B.灰尘 C.雨 D. 泥 ( )31.Some people bathe in hot springs. A. 行走 B.用水洗 C. 读书 D. 烧水 ( )32.The sun will shine tomorrow morning. A.落下 B. 照耀 C. 移动 D. 发出声音 ( )33.Keep moving forward until you see the park. A. 向前 B. 向上 C. 向右 D. 向左 ( )34.He poured juice into a glass. A. 打开 B. 倒出 C. 吃 D. 摇动 ( )35.Please shut the door behind you. A. 关上 B. 打开 C. 擦干 D. 修理 ( )36.A drop of rain fell on my face. A. 滴 B.声音 C.闪光 D. 风 ( )37.She was fully ready for the test. A. 暂时地 B. 完全地 C.慢慢地 D. 粗心地 ( )38.Clean water is precious in many parts of the world. A. 常见的 B. 有害的 C. 灰色的 D. 宝贵的 ( )39.He carried the box on his shoulder. A. 胳膊 B.肩膀 C. 腰 D. 手指 ( )40.The river snakes through the forest. A. 躲避 B. 飞越 C. 蜿蜒前行 D.爬行 ( )41.I’m very thirsty after running. A. 冷的 B. 热的 C. 累的 D. 渴的 ( )42.She doesn't like coffee, nor does she drink tea. A. 或 B.也不 C.因此 D. 如果 ( )43.Clean water is limited in the desert. A. 多的 B. 有限的 C. 干净的 D. 灰尘的 ( )44.The virus can spread easily through the air. A. 扔出 B. 传播 C. 控制 D. 煮沸 ( )45.The campaign helped raise public awareness of water safety. A. 报告 B.能力 C. 意识 D. 表情 Keys: 1.C 2.B 3.B 4.D 5.B 6.C 7.C 8.D 9.B 10.C 11.C 12.B 13.B 14.C 15.A 16.B 17.D 18.B 19.B 20.C 21.B 22.C 23.B 24.C 25.C 26.B 27.A 28.C 29.C 30.D 31.B 32.B 33.A 34.B 35.A 36.A 37.B 38.D 39.B 40.C 41.D 42.B 43.B 44.B 45.C 练习三 词性拓展： 请写出黑体单词在句子中的汉语意思和词性 1. The chemical smells terrible, but it's used in many chemical reactions. 2. The researchers are busy doing research on water treatment. 3. I totally agree with you,and I think our agreement is important. 4. The company made a presentation yesterday to present its new water-saving products. 5. The soup tastes too salty ,and the salt in it is not good for health. 6. We must include all students in the activity. Everyone's inclusion matters. 7. This kind of treatment is used to treat wastewater in the factory. 8. This work is very boring, and I feel so bored already. 9. The rest of the food is in the fridge,and we can rest after dinner. 10. The touching story made everyone cry. I was really touched. 11. The drop of water hit the leaf and then started to drop slowly. 12. The shine of the sun made the window glass shine brightly. 13. I love this energy-saving bulb. It can really help us save a lot of energy. 14. The villagers work together to spread the news quickly, and the spread of information is amazing. 15. She gave a forward look and then moved forward quickly. 16. Snakes can move in a snaking way through the grass. 17. They made a big hole in the wall and used it to hole the cables through. 18. Don't step on the wet floor,or you'll leave muddy steps behind. 19. I felt very precious to him, and he gave me a precious ring. 20. I learned a lot from his awareness talk. He's really an aware person. Keys: 1.chemical (n.)化学品 chemical (adj.)化学的 2.researchers(n.) 研究者 research (n.)研究 3.agree(v.) 同意 agreement(n.) 协议；一致 4.presentation(n.) 展示 present(v.) 展示 5.salty(adj.) 咸的 salt(n.) 盐 6.include(v.) 包括 inclusion (n.)包括；包含 7.treatment (n.)处理 treat(v.) 处理 8.boring(adj.) 无聊的 bored(adj.)感到无聊的 9.rest(n.) 剩余部分 rest(v.)休息 10.touching(adj.)感人的 touched(adj.) 受感动的 11.drop(n.) 滴 drop(v.) 掉落，滴下 12.shine (n.)光亮 shine(v.) 照耀 13.energy-saving(adj.)节能的 save(v.)节省 14.spread(v.) 传播 spread(n.) 传播 15.forward(adj.) 向前的 forward(adv.)向前地 16.snake (n.)蛇 snaking(adj.) 蜿蜒的 17.hole(n.) 洞 hole(v.) 打孔，穿洞 18.step(v.) 迈步 step(n.) 脚印 19.precious(adj.) 珍贵的(两处) 20.awareness (n.)意识 aware(adj.) 有意识的 练习四 词性转换默写： 1. bore v. 使厌烦 → adj. (修饰人)感到厌烦的 → adj. (修饰物)令人厌烦的 2. comfort n. 舒适 → adj. 舒适的 → adv. 舒适地 → adj. 不舒服的 3. fight v.战斗 → n. 战士 4. forget v.忘记 → adj. 健忘的；容易忘的 5. peace n.和平 → adj. 和平的 6. regular adj. 规律的 → adv. 有规律地 7. surprise v. 使惊讶 → adj. 令人吃惊的 → adj. (修饰人) 吃惊的 8. research v. 研究 → n. 研究 9. agree v. 同意 → n. 同意 →_ adj.同意的；赞成的 10. presentation n. 展示；介绍→_ v. 展示；介绍 11. chemical n. 化学品 → adj. 化学的 12. include v. 包括 → adj. 包括在内的；作为一部分的 13. precious adj. 珍贵的 → n. 珍贵(性); 宝贵 14. aware adj. 意识到的 → n. 意识 15. limited adj.有限的 → v. 限制 16. energy n. 能量 → adj. 节能的 17. touch v. 感动；触碰→ adj. 感人的；令人同情的 18. indirect adj. 间接的 → adv. 间接地 19. pour v. 倾倒 → n. 倾倒；倾泻 20. shine v. 照耀 → adj. 闪亮的 Keys: 1.bored,boring 2.comfortable,comfortably, uncomfortable 3.fighter 4.forgetful 5.peaceful 6.regularly 7.surprising,surprised 8.research 9.agreement,agreeable 10.present 11.chemical 12.inclusive 13.preciousness 14.awareness 15.limit 16.energy-saving 17.touching 18.indirectly 19.pouring 20.shiny 练习五 词性转换填空： 1. I felt so (bore) that I almost fell asleep. 2. This sofa is really (comfort). I love sitting here. 3. He is a great (fight) who never gives up. 4. I can't (forget) the kindness you showed me. 5. Everyone hopes for a more (peace) world. 6. She spoke very (regular) during the meetings. 7. That was a truly (surprise) result! 8. The factory is trying to reduce its (waste water) production. 9. They are testing a new method of water (treat). 10. The talk was very (inform), and I learned a lot. 11. They are doing some (research) on the new medicine. 12. He gave a good (present) on the environment. 13. Please be more (care) when handling these chemicals. 14. I think it's important to be (include) of everyone. 15. The (touch) story made the whole class cry. 16. The lights began to (shine) brightly in the sky. 17. We must use (energy) products to protect the environment. 18. The service is only available to a (limit) number of users. 19. I love the natural feel of (cotton) clothes in summer. 20. He works hard to raise public (aware) of climate change. Keys: 1.bored 2.comfortable 3.fighter 4.forget 5.peaceful 6.regularly 7.surprising 8.wastewater 9.treatment 10.informative 11.research 12.presentation 13.careful 14.inclusive 15.touching 16.shine 17.energy-saving 18.limited 19.cotton 20.awareness 练习六 句子翻译： 1. 他一天喝了一升水，但还觉得口渴。 He drank a of but still felt . 2. 这家工厂生产各种棉制品。 The produces various products made of . 3. 这汤太咸了，没法喝。 The soup is too to . 4. 看完展示会后，我们被所看到的情景深深打动。 After the ,we were deeply by what we saw. 5. 这种废水处理系统可以大大减少污染。 This type of helps reduce pollution. 6. 他们的研究包括了实验和调查两部分。 Their research both experiments and . 7. 他同意我们的观点，并提出了自己的建议。 He with us and his own ideas. 8. 除了她以外，所有人都参加了会议。 Everyone attended the meeting. her. 9. 这种节能洗碗机既方便又环保。 This is both convenient and eco-friendly. 10. 太阳此刻正明亮地照耀着沙漠。 The sun is brightly on the right now. 11. 他把一整壶水倒进了锅里。 He a whole of water into the pot. 12. 她把包扛在肩上，继续前进。 She her bag on her and moved forward. 13. 小蛇在草地里蜿蜒前行。 The little snake through the . 14. 我不小心踩进了泥里，鞋子脏了。 I accidentally into the and got my shoes dirty. 15. 她从顶部不小心掉下了一滴水。 She accidentally dropped a of water from the . 16. 雨下得很大，水从屋顶倾泻而下。 It rained heavily and water down from the . 17. 他完全关上了门，外面的声音都听不见了。 He the door and couldn't hear anything outside. 18. 我们要提高人们对节水的意识。 We need to raise public of water . 19. 有些珍贵资源一旦用尽就无法恢复。 Some can't be restored once used up. 20. 阳光照耀在雪地上，一切都闪闪发光。 The sunlight on the snow and everything began to Keys: 1.litre /water/thirsty 2.factory /cotton 3.salty/eat 4.presentation /touched 5.wastewater /treatment/system 6.includes /surveys 7.agreed /offered 8.except 9.energy-saving /dishwasher 10.shining /desert 11.poured /pot 12.shouldered/shoulder 13.snaked /grass 14.stepped/mud 15.drop/top 16.poured /roof 17.shut/fully 18.awareness/saving 19.precious /resources 20.shone/sparkle 练习七 阅读理解： Water is a precious resource that is essential for all forms of life on Earth. It covers about 71%of the planet's surface, yet only a small fraction of it is available for human use. Freshwater, which is vital for drinking, agriculture,and industry, is becoming increasingly scarce due to population growth and climate change. Therefore, water conservation is more important than ever. In many parts of the world, people face water shortages daily. Some regions experience severe droughts, while others struggle with polluted water sources. To address these challenges, communities and governments are implementing various strategies to conserve water. These include fixing leaky pipes, promoting water-saving technologies, and encouraging public awareness campaigns. One effective way to conserve water is through simple everyday actions. For example, taking shorter showers, fixing dripping taps, and using water-efficient appliances can significantly reduce water usage. Additionally, collecting rainwater for gardening and other non-potable uses can help preserve freshwater supplies. Water conservation not only helps ensure that there is enough water for current needs but also protects the environment and supports sustainable development. By working together and adopting water-saving habits, we can make a positive impact on the planet and secure a better future for generations to come. ( ) 1.What percentage of Earth's surface is covered by water? A. About 51%of the planet's surface. B. About 61%of the planet's surface. C. About 71%of the planet's surface. D. About 81%of the planet's surface. ( ) 2.Why is freshwater becoming increasingly scarce? A. Due to decreased rainfall worldwide. B. Because of population growth and climate change. C. As a result of too many water conservation efforts. D. From excessive use in space exploration. ( )3.What is one effective way to conserve water mentioned in the text? A. Building more water parks. B. Taking shorter showers. C. Increasing bottled water sales. D. Creating artificial lakes. ( )4.Which everyday action helps conserve water? A. Taking longer hot showers daily. B. Leaving taps running while brushing teeth. C. Using water-efficient appliances. D. Watering lawns during midday. ( )5.How does water conservation help the future? A. By making bottled water more expensive. B. Through protecting the environment. C. By reducing the number of rivers. D. Through increasing water pollution. Keys: 1.C 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.B 读后续写： Water is not just a resource; it's a magical element that shapes our world. From the vast oceans to the tiniest droplets, water plays a crucial role in the cycle of life. It nourishes plants, supports ecosystems, and sustains all living beings. Without water, the Earth would be a barren wasteland, devoid of the vibrant life we see today. In ancient times, water was revered as a sacred gift. People built their civilizations around rivers and lakes, recognizing the life-giving power of water. The Nile River, for example, was the lifeblood of ancient Egypt, providing water for irrigation and enabling the growth of crops. Similarly, the Indus River supported the development of the Indus Valley Civilization, one of the earliest urban societies. Today, water continues to be a vital resource, but it faces new challenges. Pollution, overuse, and climate change are threatening the availability and quality of water. Rivers are drying up; lakes are shrinking, and groundwater supplies are being depleted. It's more important than ever to protect our water sources and use them wisely. One way to do this is through water conservation. For example, . Simple actions like turning off the tap while brushing your teeth, fixing leaky pipes, and using water-efficient appliances can make a big difference. In addition, communities can work together to clean up polluted waterways and restore damaged ecosystems. By taking these steps,we can ensure that water remains a life-giving force for generations to come. Task 1: Answer the questions. 1. What role does water play in the cycle of life? 2. How did ancient civilizations use water? 3. What modern challenges are water resources facing? 4. What simple actions can individuals take to conserve water? 5. Why is it important to protect water sources? Task 2: 6. Write an example in about 25 words to complete the tip. Keys: 1.Water nourishes plants,supports ecosystems, and sustains all living beings. 2.Ancient civilizations built their societies around rivers and lakes,using water for irrigation and crop growth. 3.Pollution,overuse,and climate change are threatening the availability and quality of water. 4.Turning off the tap while brushing teeth, fixing leaky pipes,and using water-efficient appliances. 5.Protecting water sources ensures that water remains a life-giving force for future generations. 6.you can collect rainwater in a barrel and use it to water your garden,reducing the need for tap water 练习八 语法选择： Water is the foundation of all life, and its conservation requires our immediate attention. 1 you brush your teeth or do the dishes, pause to think about how much water you're using. Many people leave the tap running 2 they're lathering(涂泡沫) their hands, unaware that every drop counts. In some villages,children must carry heavy water buckets 3 they reach a distant well. They can't afford to waste a single drop 4 clean water is scarce there. We're 5 to have tap water at home, but this luxury may disappear unless we take steps to protect it. When I participated in a water-saving project last year, I realized how easy it is to save 50 liters a day by 6 leaks. Now I always turn off the tap 7 I soap my hands and only run the washing machine when it's full. Experts say small habits like these can make a big difference 8 they're adopted by millions. Farmers often water crops at night when the sun is 9 intense, reducing evaporation. Cities are also upgrading pipes before old systems cause major leaks. Remember: every time you save water, you're preserving a resource that millions fight 10 daily. ( )1. A.Until B.When C.Unless ( )2. A.as B.after C.until ( )3. A.before B.when C.until ( )4. A.because B.so C.why ( )5. A.fortunately B.fortunate C.unfortunate ( )6. A.fix B.fixed C.fixing ( )7. A.unless B.before C.until ( )8. A.after B.when C.since ( )9. A.less B.many C.more ( )10. A.of B.for C.in Keys: 1.B 2.A 3.A 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.A 10.B 单词选择： A. awareness B.limited C.precious D.research E.dishwasher F.treatment Water is the essence of life,yet it remains one of our most 1 and limited resources. Across the globe,millions of people in arid deserts spend hours each day walking to fetch clean water, carrying heavy containers on their shoulders. This reality highlights the urgent need for better water management and 2 technologies. In urban areas, factories and households often generate large amounts of wastewater, which must undergo strict treatment before being recycled. Scientists are also conducting extensive 3 to develop energy-saving methods for purifying saltwater, as over 97%of Earth's water is salty and unusable for drinking. At home, small habits can lead to significant savings. For instance, a leaking tap that drips once per second wastes over 3,000 liters of water annually—a volume enough to fill an entire swimming pool! Using a 4 wisely, only when fully loaded, can save up to 50%more water than hand washing. Educating others about water scarcity is equally crucial. In schools, teachers often organize presentations to raise 5 about how every drop matters. Through these efforts, students learn that even simple actions like turning off the tap while brushing teeth can contribute to preserving this vital resource for future generations. Keys: 1.C 2.F 3.D 4.E 5.A 练习九 话题词汇： 子话题 词汇/短语 词性 释义 水的种类 freshwater saltwater wastewater drinking water tap water 获取水资源 collect rainwater water supply well stream river lake ocean 水的使用 take a shower wash hands do the laundry bathe pour drip 节水环保 save water water-saving energy-saving reuse reduce awareness water pollution chemical waste 水的价值 precious limited clean dirty essential Keys: 子话题 词汇/短语 词性 释义 水的种类 freshwater n./adj. 淡水；淡水的 saltwaterr n./adj. 咸水；盐水的 wastewater n. 废水 drinking water n.phr. 饮用水 tap water n.phr. 自来水 获取水资源 collect rainwater v.phr. 收集雨水 water supply n.phr. 供水；水源 well n. 水井 stream n. 小溪；水流 river n. 河流 lake n. 湖泊 ocean n. 海洋 水的使用 take a shower v.phr. 洗澡 wash hands v.phr. 洗手 do the laundry v.phr. 洗衣服 bathe v. 洗澡；用水清洗 pour v. 倒(水);倾倒 drip v./n. 滴下；水滴 节水环保 save water v.phr. 节约用水 water-saving adj. 节水的 energy-saving adj. 节能的 reuse v. 再利用 reduce v. 减少 awareness n. 意识 water pollution n.phr. 水污染 chemical waste n.phr. 化学废物 水的价值 precious adj. 珍贵的 limited adj. 有限的 clean adj. 干净的；清洁的 dirty adj. 脏的 essential adj. 必不可少的；基本的 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $