专题02 名词性从句(期末复习讲义)高二英语上学期人教版

2025-12-14
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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 -
年级 高二
章节 -
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 名词性从句
使用场景 同步教学-期末
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 507 KB
发布时间 2025-12-14
更新时间 2025-12-14
作者 李晶晶
品牌系列 上好课·考点大串讲
审核时间 2025-12-14
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/55424508.html
价格 3.00储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

摘要:

该高中英语期末复习讲义通过思维导图和对比表格系统构建名词性从句知识体系,梳理了定义、语序、引导词及主、宾、表、同位语从句四类核心内容,用即时检测和易错点对比(如that与what、whether与if)呈现知识内在联系与重难点分布。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计与方法指导,基础通关题夯实概念,提升题融合各地期末真题,链接高考题直击考点,拓展题通过句子改写强化语用能力,解题步骤示例培养思维品质,助力不同层次学生提升语言理解与表达能力,为教师实施精准复习教学提供系统支持。

内容正文:

专题02 名词性从句(期末复习讲义) 年份 卷别 考点 考情分析 2025 北京卷 what 【考向透视】 分析近年高考真题可知,名词性从句在高考英语中考查覆盖面广、形式多样。听力部分常通过对话情境考查宾语从句和表语从句的理解,尤其是语序和语气判断。阅读与七选五中,名词性从句常构成信息承载的关键节点,准确理解主语从句、同位语从句等有助于把握长难句核心含义。完形填空中,对从句连词的选择往往需要依据上下文逻辑和句法结构综合判断。语法填空则重点考查从属连词、连接代词或副词的正确使用,尤其注意whether与if、that与what等常见考点。写作中,能够恰当运用名词性从句进行表达,是提升句子层次与逻辑性的重要手段,也是高分作文的常见特征。总体来看,名词性从句与其他从句的结合考查、在语篇中的逻辑功能分析,仍是今后命题的重要方向。 【复习目标】 1.掌握四类从句(主、宾、表、同位语)的基本概念与句法功能。 2.熟练辨析和运用that/whether/if及连接代/副词,掌握语序、时态等考点。 3..提升在阅读中快速解析含有名词性从句的长难句、在写作中准确运用名词性从句的能力。 天津卷 what 2024 浙江1月卷 what 2023 天津第二次 what 天津第一次 whether 新课标II卷 why 知识点01 名词性从句的定义 在句子中起名词作用的各种从句,统称为名词性从句。 例1:主语从句(在句中作主语) Whether he will attend the meeting is still uncertain. 他是否会参加会议仍不确定。 (“Whether he will attend the meeting” 作整个句子的主语) 例2:宾语从句(在句中作宾语) She finally admitted that she had made a mistake. 她最终承认自己犯了错。 (“that she had made a mistake” 作动词 “admitted” 的宾语) 例3:表语从句(在句中作表语,位于系动词后) His greatest wish is that his son can become a doctor. 他最大的愿望是儿子能成为一名医生。 (“that his son can become a doctor” 作系动词 “is” 的表语) 例4:同位语从句(在句中作同位语,解释抽象名词内容) We all support the idea that everyone should have equal opportunities. 我们都支持人人应享有平等机会这一观点。 (“that everyone should have equal opportunities” 作 “idea” 的同位语,说明其具体内容) 知识点02名词性从句的语序 名词性从句遵循陈述句语序,即 “主语 + 谓语” 的结构。 例1:What he said is very important. 他说的话很重要。 例2:I don’t know where she lives. 我不知道她住在哪里。 例3:The problem is how we can finish it on time. 问题是我们如何按时完成。 知识点03 名词性从句的引导词 1. 连词(如 that, whether, if)在从句中只起连接作用,不作句子成分。 例句:That he didn’t apologize made her even angrier. 他没有道歉这件事让她更加生气。 (that 引导主语从句,从句本身为陈述句,that 不作成分,仅起连接作用) 2. 连接代词(如 what, who, which)既起连接作用,又在从句中作主语、宾语等成分。 例句:No one knows what will happen next. 没有人知道接下来会发生什么。 (what 引导宾语从句,且在从句中作主语) 3. 连接副词(如 when, where, why)既起连接作用,又在从句中作时间、地点、原因等状语 例句:My question is where we should hold the party. 我的问题是我们应该在哪里举办聚会。 (where 引导表语从句,且在从句中作地点状语) 知识点04 主语从句 1. 主语从句是指在复合句中作主语的从句。 例句:However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. 然而,他最担心的是农民们常常收成不好,有时甚至严重缺粮。 2. 主语从句的引导词 从属连词(不作成分) that, whether (不能用if) 连接代词(作成分) what(ever),who(ever),whom(ever) 作主语、宾语等 which 作主语、定语等 whose 作定语 连接副词(作状语) when, where, how, why 作状语 3. 主语从句的用法: (1)可用It作形式主语,常见句型有: ① It is +名词+主语从句 It is a fact that the earth is round.    地球是圆的,这是一个事实。      It is an honor that many specialists came to our English class. 许多专家来我们的英语课,这真是我们的荣幸。 ② It is +形容词+主语从句 It is natural that he can’t speak excellent Chinese, as he is an Australian.    他中文说得不流利是很自然的,因为他是一名澳大利亚人。      It is strange that she came to school late this morning. 奇怪的是,她今天早上迟到了。 ③ It is +不及物动词+主语从句 It seems that it is going to rain. 看起来要下雨了。 It happened that I met an old friend of mine in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上碰巧遇到了我的一位老朋友。 ④ It +过去分词+从句 ( It is reported/said/proved/believed/known/expected/thought…) It has been proved that you are wrong. 已经证明你是错误的。 It is said that that was how Chinese first raised silkworms. 据说这就是中国人最早开始养蚕的方式。 (2)if 不能引导主语从句(需用 whether) Whether we will go camping depends on the weather. 我们是否去露营取决于天气。 (3)that 一般不能省略 That he passed the exam surprised everyone. 他通过了考试,这让每个人都感到惊讶。 (4)what 引导的从句做主语时,谓语的单复数取决它的表语。 What I want is the book. What I want are some books. 【即时检测】 It surprised Xie Lei________ her host family are so keen to learn abut China. 【答案】that 【解析】考察主语从句。It是形式主语,that引导主语从句,起连结作用,不作成分,不能省略。 知识点05 宾语从句 1. 宾语从句的定义和位置 在复合句中作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句,通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)、介词及某些形容词(afraid)之后。 例1:She did not know what had happened. 她不知道发生了什么事。 例2. Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 我们的成功取决于我们彼此合作的程度 例3. I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. 恐怕我犯了个错误。 2. 宾语从句的引导词 从属连词(在从句中不作成分) that, whether,if 连接代词(在从句中作成分) what(ever),who(ever),whom(ever) 作主语、宾语等 which 作主语、定语等 whose 作定语 连接副词(在从句中作成分) when, where, how, why 作状语 (1)if可以引导动词后的宾语从句,但介词后的宾语从句不能用if引导 It all depends on whether they will join us for a picnic. (不能用if引导) 这全看他们是否会和我们一起去野餐。 (2)that 引导宾语从句的省略情况 引导宾语从句的that常可省略,但是当两个that从句由and或or连接时,第二个从句的that不能省略。   Mr. smith told the workers(that) John had worked very hard and that he wanted him stay. 史密斯先生告诉工人们约翰工作非常努力,并且他想让他留下。 3. 宾语从句用法 (1)宾语从句中的虚拟语气 表示“建议、命令、要求”等意义的动词,如suggest, demand, order, insist等,其后的宾语从句中谓语动词用should + 动词原形,should可省略。 She demanded that he(should)return the books he borrowed from her. 她要求他归还从她那里借的书。 (2)宾语从句的时态 如果主句的谓语是过去时,宾语从句的时态要用过去的相应时态。但若宾语从句表示的是客观真理或自然现象,其谓语仍用一般现在时。如: The teacher told us that the earth moves round the sun. 老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。 (3)it作形式宾语,宾语从句后置 当宾语从句后有宾语补足语时,通常用it作形式宾语,而将宾语从句后置。如: Do you think it possible that the work will be finished by the end of this month? (4)否定前移 当主句主语是第一人称,且谓语为think, believe, suppose, expect等动词时,如果宾语从句表示否定意思,通常否定前移,即否定主句谓语。如: I don’t think (that) I can ever forgive him. 我想我永远无法原谅他。 【即时检测】 She did not know _________ had happened. 【答案】what 【解析】宾语从句中缺少主语,且代指“发生的事情”,需要用what引导的主语从句。 知识点 06 表语从句 1. 表语从句的定义和位置 在复合句中作表语的从句叫做表语从句。位于主句的系动词之后,对主语进行解释、说明,使主语的内容具体化。系动词包括状态类系动词(be动词,seem, appear, keep, remain, stay…)感观类系动词(look, smell, taste, sound, feel…)和变化类系动词(become, get, turn, grow, fall, come, go…)。 例1.The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time. 问题是,我们能否在这么短的时间内做好充分准备。 例2. But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes. 但事实是,我们仍然落后于其他阶级。 2. 表语从句的引导词 连接词 连词(在从句中不作成分) that, whether ,as if, as though, because … 连接代词(在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语) what, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whichever … 连接副词(在从句中作状语) when, where, how, why (1)that引导表语从句 that引导表语从句时, 在句中只起连接作用, 不充当句子成分, 无实际意义, 一般不能省略。 The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦的是我弄丢了他的地址。 (2)whether引导表语从句 whether引导表语从句时,起连接作用,意为“是否,究竟,到底”,在句中不作任何成分。if不能引导表语从句。 The question is whether your uncle will offer help to us. 问题是你的叔叔会给我们提供帮助吗? 3. 表语从句用法 (1)as if, as though可以引导表语从句 It sounds as if / though someone is knocking at the door. 听起来好像有人在敲门。 (2) because, why引导表语从句 That is because ... 指原因或理由;That is why ... 则指由于某种原因所造成的后果。 Bruce did not watch the game last night. That was because he had to help his little sister with her homework.布鲁斯昨晚没有看比赛。那是因为他必须帮助他的小妹妹做作业。 Bob had seen the film before. That was why he did not see it yesterday. 鲍勃以前看过这部电影。这就是他昨天没去看的原因。 (3)需使用虚拟语气的表语从句 在advice, suggestion, order, proposal等表示建议、劝告、命令等含义的名词后的表语从句中,谓语动词需用“should +动词原形”,should可省略。 My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天应该早点开始。 【即时检测】 The problem is __________we have lost touch with him. 【答案】that 【解析】考察表语从句,从句不缺少语法成分,且从句意义完整,故使用that。 知识点 07 解题方法 1.确定从句种类:判断从句在句中作主语、宾语还是表语。 2.分析从句成分和意义:确定从句中缺什么成分(主语、宾语、状语等)。 3.确定引导词:根据成分和意义选择合适的引导词。 例:I wonder ______ the project will be finished. (1)确定从句种类:“I wonder ______ ...”中,wonder(想知道)是及物动词,后面缺宾语 → 这是一个宾语从句。 (2)分析从句成分:从句 “______ the project will be finished” 中,主语是“the project”,谓语是“will be finished”,句子结构已经完整(主谓),不缺少主语或宾语,但缺少一个时间状语来修饰“will be finished”。句意是:“我想知道项目将在何时完成。” (3)确定引导词:需要一个能在从句中充当时间状语的连接词。 that:不作成分,排除。 what:在从句中作主语/宾语,排除。 when:连接副词,可在从句中作时间状语,符合要求。 whether/if:表示“是否”,不符合句意(此处不涉及疑问,而是询问时间)。 结论: 正确答案是 when。 知识点 08 易错点 1. that 与 what 的区别 that 在从句中不作成分,只起连接作用; what 在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 例句: I know that he is honest.(that 不作成分) I know what he wants.(what 作宾语) 2. whether 与 if 的区别 whether 可用于所有名词性从句,if 只能用于宾语从句; whether 后可接 or not,if 一般不可。 例句: Whether he will come is unknown.(主语从句,不可用 if) I don’t know if/whether he will come.(宾语从句,两者皆可) 基础通关(测试时间:10分钟) 1、 单项选择单项选择 ( )1. __________ he said at the meeting encouraged everyone present. A. What B. That C. Which D. Who 【答案】A 【解析】考查主语从句。句意:他在会上说的话鼓舞了在场的每一个人。主语从句缺宾语(said的宾语),且指代“所说的话”,需用what引导主语从句。That仅起连接作用,无成分;which表选择;who指人。 ( )2. The teacher asked me __________ I hadn’t handed in my homework yet. A. why B. how C. when D. what 【答案】A 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:老师问我为什么还没交作业。asked后的宾语从句缺少原因状语(为何未交作业),why表示原因,符合语境。how(方式)、when(时间)、what(事物)均不符合逻辑。 ( )3. It worried her a bit __________ her son often played computer games. A. what B. that C. whether D. if 【答案】B 【解析】考查主语从句。句意:她的儿子经常玩电脑游戏,这让她有点担心。It作形式主语,真正主语是后面的从句“her son often played...”。that引导主语从句时本身无意义,仅起连接作用。此处无需疑问含义,故排除C/D。 ( )4. It is known to us __________ ocean currents affect climate. A. which B. that C. / D. when 【答案】B 【解析】考查主语从句。句意:众所周知,洋流会影响气候。It作形式主语,that引导真正的主语从句。that引导主语从句时不可省略,且不在从句中充当成分。 ( )5. —Do you remember __________ we first met? —Of course. It was on a rainy day in Shanghai. A. where B. when C. how D. why 【答案】B 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:——你还记得我们第一次见面的时候吗?——当然记得。那是在上海的一个雨天。根据答句“on a rainy day”(时间点),可知问句询问的是时间,when引导宾语从句作remember的宾语。 ( )6. She made a promise __________ she would return before sunset. A. that B. if C. whether D. lest 【答案】A 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:她承诺会在日落前返回。 promise后的同位语从句解释承诺内容,由that引导,补充说明promise的具体内容。if/whether表“是否”,lest意为“唯恐”,均不合逻辑。 ( )7. __________ breaks the law should be punished seriously. A. Whoever B. Who C. No matter who D. Anybody 【答案】A 【解析】考查主语从句。句意:任何违反法律的人都应受到严肃惩处。主语从句缺主语(breaks的主语),whoever=anyone who,强调“任何人”,符合“违法必究”的语境。Who需搭配具体范围;no matter who不能引导主语从句;anybody后需接定语从句。 ( )8. We are talking about __________ we’ll spend our summer holiday. A. that B. where C. how D. what 【答案】B 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:我们正在谈论暑假要去哪里度过。about后的宾语从句缺少地点状语(spend holiday在某地),where引导宾语从句并在其中作状语。 ( )9. __________ he won the competition made us excited. A. Which B. That C. When D. Why 【答案】B 【解析】考查主语从句。句意:他赢得比赛让我们感到兴奋。主语从句,只起到连结句子的作用,无意义。that引导主语从句时不可省略,且不在从句中作成分。 ( )10. I wonder __________ you can finish reading this novel tomorrow. A. that B. if C. whether D. both B and C 【答案】D 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:我想知道你明天能不能读完这本小说。wonder后的宾语从句若含疑问含义,可用if或whether引导,两者均可表示“是否”。 二、语法填空 1.__________ is obvious that regular exercise benefits health. 【答案】What 【解析】考查主语从句。句意:显而易见,规律的运动有益健康。主语从句缺主语(is obvious的主语),what引导主语从句,表示“……的事情”。 2. He told me __________ he had seen at the museum yesterday. 【答案】what 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:他告诉我他昨天在博物馆看到的东西。tell后的宾语从句缺宾语(had seen的宾语),what既引导从句又在从句中作宾语。 3. The question is __________ we can get enough support from the public. 【答案】whether/if 【解析】考查表语从句。句意:问题是,我们能否获得公众足够的支持。表语从句说明主语question的内容(是否获得支持),whether/if均可表示“是否”。 4. His suggestion __________ we should hold a party next week sounds great. 【答案】that 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:他建议我们下周举办派对,听起来很棒。suggestion后的同位语从句解释建议内容,由that引导,补充说明suggestion的具体内容。 5.__________ they will come back soon depends on the weather. 【答案】Whether 【解析】考查主语从句。句意:他们是否会很快回来取决于天气。主语从句缺“是否”的含义(depends on the weather取决于天气),whether引导主语从句,表示不确定的情况。 6.Can you tell me __________ the nearest hospital is? 【答案】where 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:你能告诉我最近的医院在哪里吗?tell后的宾语从句缺地点状语(the nearest hospital is的位置),where引导宾语从句并在其中作状语。 7.The reason why he missed the train was _______he got up late. 【答案】that 【解析】考查表语从句。句意:他误了火车的原因是他起晚了。由题意得be动词was后面的从句为表语从句,不做句子成分。 8.__________ he became a doctor surprised all of us. 【答案】That 【解析】考查主语从句。句意:他成为一名医生让我们所有人都感到惊讶。主语从句完整(he became a doctor),由that引导,仅起连接作用,无实际意义。 9.I have no idea __________ she left without saying goodbye. 【答案】why 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:我不知道她为什么没说再见就离开了。idea后的同位语从句解释“不知道的内容”(离开的原因),why引导同位语从句,说明原因。 10.Follow __________ your teacher says, and you’ll make progress. 【答案】what 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:听从老师的教导,你就会取得进步。follow后的宾语从句缺宾语(says的宾语),what既引导从句又在从句中作宾语,表示“老师所说的内容”。 提升题(测试时间:10分钟) 一、选择填空 1.(25-26高二上·天津期末) ________ is unfair is that millions of teenage girls still don’t have the chance to be educated. A.What B.That C.This D.It 【答案】A 【解析】考查主语从句的连接词。句意:不公平的是,仍有数百万少女没有受教育的机会。分析句子结构可知,此处为主语从句,从句“ ________ is unfair”缺少主语,表示物,用what。 2.(2025・北京海淀区高二期末) ______ he will come to our school tomorrow is still uncertain. A. If B. Whether C. That D. What 【答案】B 【解析】考查主语从句的连接词。句意:他明天是否会来我们学校还不确定。从句作主语,需表达 “是否” 含义。if 不能引导主语从句,whether 可引导各类名词性从句表 “是否”,that 无意义,what 表 “事物”,均不符合句意,故选 B。 3.(2024・山东省烟台市高三期末) I wonder ______ they have finished the task on time. A. that B. if C. what D. which 【答案】B 【解析】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意:我想知道他们是否按时完成了任务。动词 wonder 后接宾语从句,结合句意 “我想知道他们是否按时完成了任务”,从句需表 “是否”。that 无意义,what 表 “事物”,which 表选择,均排除,if 可引导宾语从句表 “是否”,故选 B。 4.(2025・江苏省无锡市高二期末) The fact ______ she won the first prize surprised all her classmates. A. that B. which C. what D. how 【答案】A 【解析】考查同位语从句的连接词。句意:她获得一等奖的事实让所有同学都感到惊讶。fact 后接同位语从句,从句是对 fact 的具体解释,结构完整、句意明确,that 引导同位语从句仅起连接作用,不充当成分。which 表选择,what 需充当成分,how 表方式,均排除,故选 A。 5.(2025・浙江省温州市高二期末) It’s important ______ we should learn to communicate with our parents. A. that B. if C. what D. how 【答案】A 【解析】考查主语从句的连接词。句意:学会与父母沟通很重要。It 为形式主语,真正主语是后面的从句。从句结构完整、句意明确,符合固定句型 “It’s important that...”,that 引导主语从句仅起连接作用,无实际意义,故选 A。 6.(2024・湖北省荆州市高三期末) He asked me ______ I had bought the book from the bookstore. A. when B. where C. that D. what 【答案】B 【解析】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意:他问我是不是从书店买了这本书。宾语从句中缺少地点状语,结合句意 “他问我是否从书店买的这本书”,where 表地点,符合语境。when 表时间,that 无意义,what 表事物,均排除,故选 B。 7.(2025・辽宁省大连市高二期末) The reason why he didn’t attend the meeting is ______ he was ill. A. because B. that C. why D. for 【答案】B 【解析】考查表语从句的连接词。句意:他没有参加会议的原因是他生病了。固定句型 “The reason...is that...”,that 引导表语从句仅起连接作用。because 与 reason 连用语义重复,why 常用于 “That’s why...”,for 是介词不能引导从句,均排除,故选 B。 8.(2024・天津市河西区高三复习质量监测) ______ makes me happy is that my parents will take me to travel during the holiday. A. What B. Which C. Who D. Whom 【答案】A 【解析】考查主语从句的连接词。句意:让我开心的是,假期里父母会带我去旅行。主语从句中谓语动词 “makes” 缺少主语,what 可作从句主语,意为 “让我开心的事”。which 表选择,who 指代人,whom 作宾语,均不符合语境,故选 A。 9.(2024・湖南省株洲市高三期末) Could you tell me ______ the nearest post office is? A. what B. how C. where D. when 【答案】C 【解析】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意:你能告诉我最近的邮局在哪里吗?宾语从句中缺少地点状语,结合句意 “你能告诉我最近的邮局在哪里吗”,where 表地点,符合语境。what 表事物,how 表方式,when 表时间,均排除,故选 C。 10.(2024・广东省珠海市高三复习质量监测) This is ______ I want to tell you about the exam result. A. what B. that C. which D. where 【答案】A 【解析】考查表语从句的连接词。句意:这就是我想告诉你的考试结果。表语从句中谓语动词 “tell” 缺少宾语,需用连接代词充当成分。that 不充当成分,which 表选择,where 表地点,均排除,what 可作 tell 的宾语,意为 “我想告诉你的事”,故选 A。 二、语法填空 1.(25-26高二上·全国期末) I realized _________marathon spirit stands for — perseverance, willpower, self-proving and self-breakthrough. 【答案】what 【解析】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意:我明白了马拉松精神所代表的——毅力、意志力、自我证明和自我突破。分析句子结构可知,此处为宾语从句,从句“ _________marathon spirit stands for”缺少宾语,表示物,用what。 2.(25-26高二上·上海期末) ________the company has fundamentally devoted to the process is that it uses discarded textiles, instead of wood, as the source of its cellulose. 【答案】What 【解析】考查主语从句的连接词。句意:该公司从根本上致力于该过程的是,它使用废弃纺织品而非木材作为纤维素的来源。分析句子结构可知,此处为主语从句,从句“ ________the company has fundamentally devoted to the process”缺少宾语,表示物,用What。 3.(2025・北京市朝阳区高二期末) _____ is clear to everyone is that we must work hard to achieve our goals. 【答案】What 【解析】考查主语从句的连接词。句意:显而易见的是,我们必须努力工作以实现我们的目标。前半部分 “______ is clear to everyone” 为主语从句,从句中缺少主语。what 可作从句主语,意为 “每个人都清楚的事”,故填 What。 4.(2024・山东省济宁市高三期末) I don’t know ______ she will accept the invitation or not. 【答案】whether 【解析】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意:我不知道她是否会接受邀请。宾语从句中含 “or not”,固定搭配 “whether...or not” 表 “是否”,if 不能与 “or not” 直接连用,that 无意义,故填 whether。 5.(2025・浙江省绍兴市高二期末) It’s a mystery ______ he disappeared suddenly without telling anyone. 【答案】why 【解析】考查主语从句的连接词。句意:他突然消失且未告诉任何人,这背后的原因成了一桩谜团。It 为形式主语,真正主语是后面的从句。结合句意 “他没告诉任何人就突然消失了,这是个谜”,从句缺少原因状语,why 表原因,符合语境,故填 why。 6.(2024・湖北省黄冈市高三期末) She asked me ______ I had seen her brother at the station. 【答案】if/whether 【解析】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意:她问我是否在车站见过她的哥哥。动词 asked 后接宾语从句,结合句意 “她问我是否在车站见过她哥哥”,从句需表 “是否”,故填 if/whether。 7.(2025・辽宁省鞍山市高二期末) This is ______ I disagree with you. You shouldn’t ignore the rules. 【答案】where 【解析】考查表语从句的连接词。句意:这就是我不同意你的原因。你不应该忽视规则。表语从句中缺少抽象地点状语(“分歧点”),结合句意 “这就是我不同意你的地方”,where 表抽象地点,why 表原因,what 需充当成分,均排除,故填 where。 8.(2024・天津市南开区高三复习质量监测) ______ we need most now is enough time to prepare for the exam. 【答案】What 【解析】考查主语从句的连接词。句意:我们现在最需要的是足够的时间来准备考试。主语从句中谓语动词 “need” 缺少宾语,what 可作从句宾语,意为 “我们现在最需要的东西”,故填 What。 9.(2025・四川省南充市高二期末) __________ is known to us all is that health is more important than wealth. 【答案】What 【解析】考查主语从句的连接词。句意:众所周知,健康比财富更重要。分析句子成分可知,“__________ is known to us all”为主语从句,从句中缺少主语,指事物,用what。 10.(2024・湖南省衡阳市高三期末) The problem is ______ we can get the necessary materials in such a short time. 【答案】whether 【解析】考查表语从句的连接词。句意:问题是我们在如此短的时间内能否获得必要的材料。表语从句需表达 “是否” 含义,结合句意 “问题是我们能否在这么短的时间内获得必要的材料”,if 不能引导表语从句,whether 可引导,故填 whether。 链接高考(测试时间:15分钟) 一、选择填空 1.(2025·天津高考卷) ________he managed to finish the marathon inspired his classmates to push their limits in sports. A.What B.That C.Whether D.When 【答案】B 【解析】考查主语从句的连接词。句意:——他成功完成马拉松,激励了同学们在体育运动中突破极限。分析句子结构可知,此处为主语从句,从句“________he managed to finish the marathon”成分和意义都完整,用不作成分,没有意义的that引导,选B项。 2.(2023·天津高考卷) Recently, scientists have started a debate on _______the computers will “think” like human in half a century. A.where B.whether C.whose D.Which 【答案】B 【解析】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意:最近,科学家们开始就一个问题展开辩论:在半个世纪后,计算机是否会像人类一样“思考”。分析句子结构可知,此处为介词on后的宾语从句,从句“_______the computers will “think” like human in half a century”结构完整,表示“是否”,用whether,选B项。 3. (2023·天津高考卷) People who value their privacy are concerned about _________Google might do with the information it is gathering. A.that B.what C.why D.how 【答案】B 【解析】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意:重视隐私的人担心谷歌可能会如何处理它收集的信息。分析句子结构可知,此处为介词about后的宾语从句,从句“_________Google might do with the information it is gathering”缺少动词do的宾语,表示“谷歌可能做的事”,用what引导, 选B项。 二、语法填空 1.(2023·新课标II卷) This is __________they need an English trainer. 【答案】why 【解析】考查表语从句的连接词。句意:这就是他们需要一位英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知,此处为表语从句,从句“__________they need an English trainer”结构完整,表达“这就是他们需要一位英语培训师的原因”之意,用why引导,填why。 2. (2024·浙江高考) If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ________ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. 【答案】what 【解析】考查表语从句的连接词。句意:如果大多数顾客都愿意购买大包装,商家就会重点推广大包装。但这会让那些只买小份的顾客既花钱又失望。分析句子结构可知,此处为表语从句,从句“________ they’ll promote”缺少宾语,且指事物,用what引导,填what。 3. (2025·北京卷) The truth, though, is _________could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. 【答案】what 【解析】考查表语从句的连接词。句意:不过,真相其实是不难猜的——这里从来没有过其他人。只有我、尼克,还有这片寂静的森林。。分析句子结构可知,此处为表语从句,从句“_________could be guessed”缺少主语,且指事物,用what引导,填what。 拓展题(测试时间:10分钟) 一、按要求完成句子 1.让我担心的是在高考中能否通过英语考试 。 (what 主语从句, whether 表语从句) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】What worries me most is whether I can pass English test in college entrance examination. 2.众所周知,学好英语是很重要的。 (主语从句) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is known to all that it is important to learn English well. 3.在我看来,成功主要取决于一个人是否有决心。 (determination) (whether 宾语从句) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】In my opinion, success depends mainly on whether one can have great determination. 4.我的愿望是被一所重点大学录取。(表语从句) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】My hope is that I can be admitted to a top university. 5.可是事实是我的成绩不是很好。 (主语从句 it is a fact that ...) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】However, it is a fact that I don’t do well in study. 6.但我相信人人都有获得成功的潜力。(宾语从句 the potential to do sth) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】But I believe that everyone has the potential to achieve success. 7. 总之,我们有责任尽我们最大可能去实现我们的梦想! (形式主语 It is our responsibility that …) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】All in all, it is our responsibility that we should spare no effort to realize our dreams. 3 / 3 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 专题02 名词性从句(期末复习讲义) 年份 卷别 考点 考情分析 2025 北京卷 what 【考向透视】 分析近年高考真题可知,名词性从句在高考英语中考查覆盖面广、形式多样。听力部分常通过对话情境考查宾语从句和表语从句的理解,尤其是语序和语气判断。阅读与七选五中,名词性从句常构成信息承载的关键节点,准确理解主语从句、同位语从句等有助于把握长难句核心含义。完形填空中,对从句连词的选择往往需要依据上下文逻辑和句法结构综合判断。语法填空则重点考查从属连词、连接代词或副词的正确使用,尤其注意whether与if、that与what等常见考点。写作中,能够恰当运用名词性从句进行表达,是提升句子层次与逻辑性的重要手段,也是高分作文的常见特征。总体来看,名词性从句与其他从句的结合考查、在语篇中的逻辑功能分析,仍是今后命题的重要方向。 【复习目标】 1.掌握四类从句(主、宾、表、同位语)的基本概念与句法功能。 2.熟练辨析和运用that/whether/if及连接代/副词,掌握语序、时态等考点。 3..提升在阅读中快速解析含有名词性从句的长难句、在写作中准确运用名词性从句的能力。 天津卷 what 2024 浙江1月卷 what 2023 天津第二次 what 天津第一次 whether 新课标II卷 why 知识点01 名词性从句的定义 在句子中起名词作用的各种从句,统称为名词性从句。 例1:主语从句(在句中作主语) Whether he will attend the meeting is still uncertain. 他是否会参加会议仍不确定。 (“Whether he will attend the meeting” 作整个句子的主语) 例2:宾语从句(在句中作宾语) She finally admitted that she had made a mistake. 她最终承认自己犯了错。 (“that she had made a mistake” 作动词 “admitted” 的宾语) 例3:表语从句(在句中作表语,位于系动词后) His greatest wish is that his son can become a doctor. 他最大的愿望是儿子能成为一名医生。 (“that his son can become a doctor” 作系动词 “is” 的表语) 例4:同位语从句(在句中作同位语,解释抽象名词内容) We all support the idea that everyone should have equal opportunities. 我们都支持人人应享有平等机会这一观点。 (“that everyone should have equal opportunities” 作 “idea” 的同位语,说明其具体内容) 知识点02名词性从句的语序 名词性从句遵循陈述句语序,即 “主语 + 谓语” 的结构。 例1:What he said is very important. 他说的话很重要。 例2:I don’t know where she lives. 我不知道她住在哪里。 例3:The problem is how we can finish it on time. 问题是我们如何按时完成。 知识点03 名词性从句的引导词 1. 连词(如 that, whether, if)在从句中只起连接作用,不作句子成分。 例句:That he didn’t apologize made her even angrier. 他没有道歉这件事让她更加生气。 (that 引导主语从句,从句本身为陈述句,that 不作成分,仅起连接作用) 2. 连接代词(如 what, who, which)既起连接作用,又在从句中作主语、宾语等成分。 例句:No one knows what will happen next. 没有人知道接下来会发生什么。 (what 引导宾语从句,且在从句中作主语) 3. 连接副词(如 when, where, why)既起连接作用,又在从句中作时间、地点、原因等状语 例句:My question is where we should hold the party. 我的问题是我们应该在哪里举办聚会。 (where 引导表语从句,且在从句中作地点状语) 知识点04 主语从句 1. 主语从句是指在复合句中作主语的从句。 例句:However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. 然而,他最担心的是农民们常常收成不好,有时甚至严重缺粮。 2. 主语从句的引导词 从属连词(不作成分) that, whether (不能用if) 连接代词(作成分) what(ever),who(ever),whom(ever) 作主语、宾语等 which 作主语、定语等 whose 作定语 连接副词(作状语) when, where, how, why 作状语 3. 主语从句的用法: (1)可用It作形式主语,常见句型有: ① It is +名词+主语从句 It is a fact that the earth is round.    地球是圆的,这是一个事实。      It is an honor that many specialists came to our English class. 许多专家来我们的英语课,这真是我们的荣幸。 ② It is +形容词+主语从句 It is natural that he can’t speak excellent Chinese, as he is an Australian.    他中文说得不流利是很自然的,因为他是一名澳大利亚人。      It is strange that she came to school late this morning. 奇怪的是,她今天早上迟到了。 ③ It is +不及物动词+主语从句 It seems that it is going to rain. 看起来要下雨了。 It happened that I met an old friend of mine in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上碰巧遇到了我的一位老朋友。 ④ It +过去分词+从句 ( It is reported/said/proved/believed/known/expected/thought…) It has been proved that you are wrong. 已经证明你是错误的。 It is said that that was how Chinese first raised silkworms. 据说这就是中国人最早开始养蚕的方式。 (2)if 不能引导主语从句(需用 whether) Whether we will go camping depends on the weather. 我们是否去露营取决于天气。 (3)that 一般不能省略 That he passed the exam surprised everyone. 他通过了考试,这让每个人都感到惊讶。 (4)what 引导的从句做主语时,谓语的单复数取决它的表语。 What I want is the book. What I want are some books. 【即时检测】 It surprised Xie Lei________ her host family are so keen to learn abut China. 知识点05 宾语从句 1. 宾语从句的定义和位置 在复合句中作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句,通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)、介词及某些形容词(afraid)之后。 例1:She did not know what had happened. 她不知道发生了什么事。 例2. Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 我们的成功取决于我们彼此合作的程度 例3. I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. 恐怕我犯了个错误。 2. 宾语从句的引导词 从属连词(在从句中不作成分) that, whether,if 连接代词(在从句中作成分) what(ever),who(ever),whom(ever) 作主语、宾语等 which 作主语、定语等 whose 作定语 连接副词(在从句中作成分) when, where, how, why 作状语 (1)if可以引导动词后的宾语从句,但介词后的宾语从句不能用if引导 It all depends on whether they will join us for a picnic. (不能用if引导) 这全看他们是否会和我们一起去野餐。 (2)that 引导宾语从句的省略情况 引导宾语从句的that常可省略,但是当两个that从句由and或or连接时,第二个从句的that不能省略。   Mr. smith told the workers(that) John had worked very hard and that he wanted him stay. 史密斯先生告诉工人们约翰工作非常努力,并且他想让他留下。 3. 宾语从句用法 (1)宾语从句中的虚拟语气 表示“建议、命令、要求”等意义的动词,如suggest, demand, order, insist等,其后的宾语从句中谓语动词用should + 动词原形,should可省略。 She demanded that he(should)return the books he borrowed from her. 她要求他归还从她那里借的书。 (2)宾语从句的时态 如果主句的谓语是过去时,宾语从句的时态要用过去的相应时态。但若宾语从句表示的是客观真理或自然现象,其谓语仍用一般现在时。如: The teacher told us that the earth moves round the sun. 老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。 (3)it作形式宾语,宾语从句后置 当宾语从句后有宾语补足语时,通常用it作形式宾语,而将宾语从句后置。如: Do you think it possible that the work will be finished by the end of this month? (4)否定前移 当主句主语是第一人称,且谓语为think, believe, suppose, expect等动词时,如果宾语从句表示否定意思,通常否定前移,即否定主句谓语。如: I don’t think (that) I can ever forgive him. 我想我永远无法原谅他。 【即时检测】 She did not know _________ had happened. 知识点 06 表语从句 1. 表语从句的定义和位置 在复合句中作表语的从句叫做表语从句。位于主句的系动词之后,对主语进行解释、说明,使主语的内容具体化。系动词包括状态类系动词(be动词,seem, appear, keep, remain, stay…)感观类系动词(look, smell, taste, sound, feel…)和变化类系动词(become, get, turn, grow, fall, come, go…)。 例1.The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time. 问题是,我们能否在这么短的时间内做好充分准备。 例2. But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes. 但事实是,我们仍然落后于其他阶级。 2. 表语从句的引导词 连接词 连词(在从句中不作成分) that, whether ,as if, as though, because … 连接代词(在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语) what, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whichever … 连接副词(在从句中作状语) when, where, how, why (1)that引导表语从句 that引导表语从句时, 在句中只起连接作用, 不充当句子成分, 无实际意义, 一般不能省略。 The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦的是我弄丢了他的地址。 (2)whether引导表语从句 whether引导表语从句时,起连接作用,意为“是否,究竟,到底”,在句中不作任何成分。if不能引导表语从句。 The question is whether your uncle will offer help to us. 问题是你的叔叔会给我们提供帮助吗? 3. 表语从句用法 (1)as if, as though可以引导表语从句 It sounds as if / though someone is knocking at the door. 听起来好像有人在敲门。 (2) because, why引导表语从句 That is because ... 指原因或理由;That is why ... 则指由于某种原因所造成的后果。 Bruce did not watch the game last night. That was because he had to help his little sister with her homework.布鲁斯昨晚没有看比赛。那是因为他必须帮助他的小妹妹做作业。 Bob had seen the film before. That was why he did not see it yesterday. 鲍勃以前看过这部电影。这就是他昨天没去看的原因。 (3)需使用虚拟语气的表语从句 在advice, suggestion, order, proposal等表示建议、劝告、命令等含义的名词后的表语从句中,谓语动词需用“should +动词原形”,should可省略。 My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天应该早点开始。 【即时检测】 The problem is __________we have lost touch with him. 知识点 07 解题方法 1.确定从句种类:判断从句在句中作主语、宾语还是表语。 2.分析从句成分和意义:确定从句中缺什么成分(主语、宾语、状语等)。 3.确定引导词:根据成分和意义选择合适的引导词。 例:I wonder ______ the project will be finished. (1)确定从句种类:“I wonder ______ ...”中,wonder(想知道)是及物动词,后面缺宾语 → 这是一个宾语从句。 (2)分析从句成分:从句 “______ the project will be finished” 中,主语是“the project”,谓语是“will be finished”,句子结构已经完整(主谓),不缺少主语或宾语,但缺少一个时间状语来修饰“will be finished”。句意是:“我想知道项目将在何时完成。” (3)确定引导词:需要一个能在从句中充当时间状语的连接词。 that:不作成分,排除。 what:在从句中作主语/宾语,排除。 when:连接副词,可在从句中作时间状语,符合要求。 whether/if:表示“是否”,不符合句意(此处不涉及疑问,而是询问时间)。 结论: 正确答案是 when。 知识点 08 易错点 1. that 与 what 的区别 that 在从句中不作成分,只起连接作用; what 在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 例句: I know that he is honest.(that 不作成分) I know what he wants.(what 作宾语) 2. whether 与 if 的区别 whether 可用于所有名词性从句,if 只能用于宾语从句; whether 后可接 or not,if 一般不可。 例句: Whether he will come is unknown.(主语从句,不可用 if) I don’t know if/whether he will come.(宾语从句,两者皆可) 基础通关(测试时间:10分钟) 1、 单项选择单项选择 ( )1. __________ he said at the meeting encouraged everyone present. A. What B. That C. Which D. Who ( )2. The teacher asked me __________ I hadn’t handed in my homework yet. A. why B. how C. when D. what ( )3. It worried her a bit __________ her son often played computer games. A. what B. that C. whether D. if ( )4. It is known to us __________ ocean currents affect climate. A. which B. that C. / D. when ( )5. —Do you remember __________ we first met? —Of course. It was on a rainy day in Shanghai. A. where B. when C. how D. why ( )6. She made a promise __________ she would return before sunset. A. that B. if C. whether D. lest ( )7. __________ breaks the law should be punished seriously. A. Whoever B. Who C. No matter who D. Anybody ( )8. We are talking about __________ we’ll spend our summer holiday. A. that B. where C. how D. what ( )9. __________ he won the competition made us excited. A. Which B. That C. When D. Why ( )10. I wonder __________ you can finish reading this novel tomorrow. A. that B. if C. whether D. both B and C 二、语法填空 1.__________ is obvious that regular exercise benefits health. 2. He told me __________ he had seen at the museum yesterday. 3. The question is __________ we can get enough support from the public. 4. His suggestion __________ we should hold a party next week sounds great. 5.__________ they will come back soon depends on the weather. 6.Can you tell me __________ the nearest hospital is? 7.The reason why he missed the train was _______he got up late. 8.__________ he became a doctor surprised all of us. 9.I have no idea __________ she left without saying goodbye. 10.Follow __________ your teacher says, and you’ll make progress. 提升题(测试时间:10分钟) 一、选择填空 1.(25-26高二上·天津期末) ________ is unfair is that millions of teenage girls still don’t have the chance to be educated. A.What B.That C.This D.It 2.(2025・北京海淀区高二期末) ______ he will come to our school tomorrow is still uncertain. A. If B. Whether C. That D. What 3.(2024・山东省烟台市高三期末) I wonder ______ they have finished the task on time. A. that B. if C. what D. which 4.(2025・江苏省无锡市高二期末) The fact ______ she won the first prize surprised all her classmates. A. that B. which C. what D. how 5.(2025・浙江省温州市高二期末) It’s important ______ we should learn to communicate with our parents. A. that B. if C. what D. how 6.(2024・湖北省荆州市高三期末) He asked me ______ I had bought the book from the bookstore. A. when B. where C. that D. what 7.(2025・辽宁省大连市高二期末) The reason why he didn’t attend the meeting is ______ he was ill. A. because B. that C. why D. for 8.(2024・天津市河西区高三复习质量监测) ______ makes me happy is that my parents will take me to travel during the holiday. A. What B. Which C. Who D. Whom 9.(2024・湖南省株洲市高三期末) Could you tell me ______ the nearest post office is? A. what B. how C. where D. when 10.(2024・广东省珠海市高三复习质量监测) This is ______ I want to tell you about the exam result. A. what B. that C. which D. where 二、语法填空 1.(25-26高二上·全国期末) I realized _________marathon spirit stands for — perseverance, willpower, self-proving and self-breakthrough. 2.(25-26高二上·上海期末) ________the company has fundamentally devoted to the process is that it uses discarded textiles, instead of wood, as the source of its cellulose. 3.(2025・北京市朝阳区高二期末) _____ is clear to everyone is that we must work hard to achieve our goals. 4.(2024・山东省济宁市高三期末) I don’t know ______ she will accept the invitation or not. 5.(2025・浙江省绍兴市高二期末) It’s a mystery ______ he disappeared suddenly without telling anyone. 6.(2024・湖北省黄冈市高三期末) She asked me ______ I had seen her brother at the station. 7.(2025・辽宁省鞍山市高二期末) This is ______ I disagree with you. You shouldn’t ignore the rules. 8.(2024・天津市南开区高三复习质量监测) ______ we need most now is enough time to prepare for the exam. 9.(2025・四川省南充市高二期末) __________ is known to us all is that health is more important than wealth. 10.(2024・湖南省衡阳市高三期末) The problem is ______ we can get the necessary materials in such a short time. 链接高考(测试时间:15分钟) 一、选择填空 1.(2025·天津高考卷) ________he managed to finish the marathon inspired his classmates to push their limits in sports. A.What B.That C.Whether D.When 2.(2023·天津高考卷) Recently, scientists have started a debate on _______the computers will “think” like human in half a century. A.where B.whether C.whose D.Which 3. (2023·天津高考卷) People who value their privacy are concerned about _________Google might do with the information it is gathering. A.that B.what C.why D.how 二、语法填空 1.(2023·新课标II卷) This is __________they need an English trainer. 2. (2024·浙江高考) If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ________ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. 3. (2025·北京卷) The truth, though, is _________could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. 拓展题(测试时间:10分钟) 一、按要求完成句子 1.让我担心的是在高考中能否通过英语考试 。 (what 主语从句, whether 表语从句) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.众所周知,学好英语是很重要的。 (主语从句) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.在我看来,成功主要取决于一个人是否有决心。 (determination) (whether 宾语从句) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.我的愿望是被一所重点大学录取。(表语从句) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.可是事实是我的成绩不是很好。 (主语从句 it is a fact that ...) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.但我相信人人都有获得成功的潜力。(宾语从句 the potential to do sth) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. 总之,我们有责任尽我们最大可能去实现我们的梦想! (形式主语 It is our responsibility that …) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3 / 3 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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专题02 名词性从句(期末复习讲义)高二英语上学期人教版
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专题02 名词性从句(期末复习讲义)高二英语上学期人教版
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专题02 名词性从句(期末复习讲义)高二英语上学期人教版
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