广东省南海区2025-2026学年高二上学期学业水平测试英语考试试题

南海区2027届高二上学期学业水平测试 英语试卷 本试卷共10页，笔试部分满分130分，考试时间120分钟。 第一部分 听说考试 (独立安排，满分20分) 第二部分 阅读 (共三节，满分35分) 第一节 阅读理解 (共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Born in London in April 1934, Jane Goodall’s interest in animals began in early childhood. At just eight, she announced she’d go to Africa “to live with wild animals and write books about them” — a dream she never let go. With little more than determination, a notebook, and her stuffed toy chimpanzee Jubilee, Jane set off to Gombe Stream National Park in 1960. At the time, it was almost unheard of for a young woman, especially one without a degree, to lead a research project in the field. Without formal scientific background, she rose before sunrise, hiked into the hills alone, and observed from a distance for months, hoping that the chimpanzees might one day accept her. Slowly, painstakingly, she was rewarded. One day, a chimpanzee she called David Greybeard approached her. That moment marked the beginning of a relationship built on trust and respect. It also laid the foundation for one of the most important studies of animal behaviour in history. She once observed a chimp carefully pulling off the leaves from a grass stem (茎) and using it to fish insects from an ant hill. Until that moment, tool-making was thought to be a uniquely human trait. Jane also documented chimpanzees showing emotions once believed to belong only to humans: joy, play, friendship and even war. Jane’s work extended far beyond the forests of Gombe. In 1977, she founded the Jane Goodall Institute, combining research with a powerful new vision: that protecting animals must include supporting the people who live alongside them. In 1991, inspired by a conversation with a group of students who felt hopeless about the planet’s future, Jane established Roots & Shoots, giving young people the tools, platform and inspiration to lead projects that help people, animals, and the environment. Even into her 90s, Jane continued to travel, speak and inspire millions worldwide, delivering a simple yet powerful message: What you do makes a difference, and you have to decide what kind of difference you want to make. Every school workshop supported, tree planted, and young mind inspired builds toward the future Jane imagined, Dr. Jane Goodall’s vision lives on — not through admiring from afar, but through actions taken close to home. 1. What can we learn about Jane’s journey to Gombe Stream National Park? A. Her lack of a degree made her hesitant. B. Her patience contributed to the research. C. She was not allowed to lead the research at first. D. She was accompanied by professional researchers. 2. What did Jane Goodall find out about chimpanzees? A. They have similar intelligence to humans. B. They behave more like humans than expected. C. They are good at learning through observation. D. They mainly live on insects and small animals. 3. What is the main idea of paragraph 5? A. Jane’s achievements in animal research. B. Jane’s efforts to seek organizational support. C. Jane’s experiences of enlarging membership. D. Jane’s devotion to inspiring widespread action. B For decades, a popular misunderstanding has claimed that exercise “uses up” heartbeats. However, a groundbreaking study from Australia is challenging this long-held belief, showing that fitness might actually help save heartbeats and improve health outcomes. Published in the journal JACC: Advances, the study compared heart rates between two groups: physically fit individuals and inactive adults. Athletes recorded an average heart rate of 68 beats per minute (bpm), while inactive participants averaged 76 bpm. Over a 24-hour period, that equals about 97,920 heartbeats for athletes and 109,440 for non-athletes, a difference of about 10 percent fewer beats per day among the fitter participants. Notably, the fittest participants even had resting heart rates as low as 40 bpm, compared to the average range of 70-80 bpm for most people. Professor La Gerche, head of the HEART Laboratory, explained the key reason behind this pattern. “Even though athletes’ hearts work harder during exercise, their lower resting rates more than make up for it,” he said. “The fitter you are, the more metabolically (新陈代谢) efficient (高效的) your body becomes. Even if you train hard for one hour a day, your heart beats far slower for the other 23 hours, resulting in fewer total beats overall.” He further noted that a lower resting heart rate is not just a sign of good fitness, but also a predictor of better health. While extreme endurance events like marathons can raise daily heartbeat counts, he stressed that regular, moderate (适度的) exercise brings far more benefits than risks. “The biggest health gain comes from moving from unfit to moderately fit.” Professor La Gerche added. “Just a few hours of purposeful exercise each week can significantly promote your heart’s efficiency, and help make every heartbeat count. It may even extend your life by years.” 4. Why does the study compare two groups of people? A. To prove athletes are healthier. B. To find a way to lower heart rate. C. To show fitness affects heartbeat. D. To explain how metabolism works. 5. Why do athletes have fewer total heartbeats? A. They have lower resting heart rate. B. They need less overall oxygen supply. C. Their bodies are slimmer than others. D. Their hearts deliver less blood per beat. 6. What would Professor La Gerche probably agree with? A. Regular exercise has no risks. B. Moderate exercise is preferred. C. The fewer heartbeats the better. D. Resting heart rate doesn’t matter. C When French writer Léo reached the top of a remote Icelandic mountain where only a few bits of ice remained his first thought was that it was breathtakingly beautiful— until one of the guides gently told him that everything around him used to be glacier (冰川). “And then it hit me,” Léo said. “That’s when I realized how serious the situation was.” Léo’s realization isn’t unique. In recent years, a growing number of tourists have started seeking similar experiences as they journey to see landmarks, landscapes and even entire destinations that may soon disappear forever because of climate change. Known as last-chance tourism, this “see-it-before-it’s-gone” practice is contentious. Research indicates that the amount of fuel it takes to travel to these destinations could speed up their very decline. On the other hand, advocates say that, done responsibly, it can also inspire travelers to protect the very places they came to see. Retired scientist Nadine Marshall has studied how the connection travelers and tourists establish with the Great Barrier Reef (大堡礁) has turned into “reef grief (悲痛)”. She found that people reported a particularly high level of reef grief after bleaching (白化) incidents due to climate change. Unlike locals, who had seen the reef change over time, first-time visitors were grieving something they had never seen — the reef’s previous unbleached state — indicating that people can quickly form a strong emotional attachment to a place, which can increase the likelihood of climate-friendly behaviour. “It’s good to feel grief because it’s motivating and especially when the grief is due to our mismanagement of the planet,” Marshall said. “It makes us want to be better and to change or to be solution-oriented.” For Léo, the key is to grieve collectively and then channel that emotion into action. After returning from Iceland, Léo helped organize a festival in Lyon discussing the challenges of and possible solutions to climate change. 7. What is the main reason behind the growth of last-chance tourism? A. A scientific interest in climate change. B. A sense of responsibility to protect nature. C. The growing desire for adventure tourism. D. The fear of missing out on disappearing sites. 8. What does the underlined word “contentious” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Leading to disagreement. B. Highly profitable. C Helping the environment. D. Strictly prohibited. 9. What did Marshall find about first-time visitors to the Great Barrier Reef? A. They decided to learn how to protect the reef. B. They hardly believed the reef was once healthier. C. They felt a strong loss for a reef they never saw. D. They understood reef problems better than locals. 10. What is the most suitable title for the passage? A. The Popularity of Last-Chance Tourism B. The Challenges of Saving Dying Landscapes C. Can Last-Chance Travel Inspire Protection? D. Should We Stop Climate-Damaging Tourism? 第二节 语句排序 (共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 11. 将下列语句 (A、B、C、D和E) 按题号排序，构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。 A. At that meeting, they gave each other some artworks. B. He also asked Zhang to teach him how to draw bamboo. C. In 1956, Zhang Daqian visited Picasso at his home in Nice, France. D. Picasso gave Zhang 600 works in total, all of which were his imitations of Chinese paintings. E. Following this meeting, the two artists became friends and exchanged letters after Zhang’s return to China. ________ → ________ → ________ → ________ → ________ 第三节 (共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 In life, failure is often viewed as something to avoid at all costs. It can feel very discouraging. ____12____ As a motivational speaker, I want to share why failure should not be feared, because it truly is the first step to success. Firstly, failure is not the opposite of success; it’s part of it. Too often, we think failure drags us away from success, when in reality, it brings us closer to success. Think about the most successful people in the world — athletes, artists, and scientists. ____13____ They’ve all faced challenges, rejections, and failures. Instead of giving up, they learned from their experiences, adapted, and kept moving forward. And that’s the second point I would like to make. ____14____ When we fail, we get the chance to reflect and improve. Think about Thomas Edison, who failed over a thousand times before successfully inventing the light bulb. ____15____ They helped him adjust his approach and, ultimately, led to success. It’s worth noting that one of the hardest things to do is to accept failure with an open heart. It does take courage to accept that we are not perfect and that we will face moments of doubt. But the key to success is not in avoiding failure but in daring to fail. It is this courage to fail that finally sets those who keep pushing forward apart. Each failure builds your inner strength and toughness, which is key to long-term success. Remember, no one succeeds without failing. ____16____ Instead, use it as fuel to move forward, learn, and grow. After all, overcoming failure is not the end. It’s the first step toward achieving something truly great. A. Every failure carries a lesson. B. His failures weren’t just mistakes. C. What do they all have in common? D. So, don’t let fear of failure hold you back. E. He tirelessly turned to academic literature for help. F Don’t be too hard on yourself and every step counts. G. But what if it’s actually where your success begins? 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分25分) 第一节 完形填空 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 “What’s wrong?” Ma asked. Busying herself in the kitchen, Ma ____17____ that instead of spending the afternoon outside like I usually did, I was wandering around the house looking ____18____. I had just passed the fifth grade, and summer vacation had just begun. I had talked my brother into starting an investigation (侦查) ____19____ with me. We called ourselves “The Two Investigators”, but the only ____20____ was, we had no cases to solve. I explained this to my mother and then asked, “Would you like to hire us for a case?” “Hum, let me think about it,” she said. I knew what adults really meant by “I’ll think about it”—it’s just a polite “no”. A little ____21____, I left. A few minutes later I heard my name being called so I headed back to the ____22____. “I almost forgot,” she began. “This morning when I got back from town, I looked in my purse and all my change was ____23____. Then I remembered that after I parked the car, I had ____24____ when I was walking from the garage to the house and dropped my purse. I looked but couldn’t find where.” “A good investigator could ____25____ my footsteps and possibly find what I lost,” she said. I _____26_____ went to the stairs and called up to my brother, “Brian, we have a job!” and out the door we went. This was no easy _____27_____. Back then, even though we did our lawn (草坪), the grass in the countryside grew _____28_____ and wild. It took us most of the afternoon, but we _____29_____ a whole handful of change. Our payment was 10% of what we found. It was a perfect first case for our company. What I never _____30_____ until years later was that when I left the kitchen the first time, Ma had taken a handful of coins out of her purse, walked to the door, and dropped them into the yard _____31_____. 17. A. noticed B. expected C. demanded D. recalled 18. A. curious B. bored C. pleased D. ambitious 19. A. competition B. discussion C. business D. lesson 20. A. difference B. hope C. chance D. problem 21. A. upset B. nervous C. ashamed D. interested 22. A. target B. scene C. neighborhood D. kitchen 23. A. messy B. stolen C. gone D. safe 24. A. stopped B. tripped C. checked D. moved 25. A. remove B. follow C. collect D. compare 26. A. immediately B. carefully C. suddenly D. secretly 27. A. test B. answer C. task D. trick 28. A. soft B. fresh C. thick D. dry 29. A. gave away B. came up with C. set aside D. took charge of 30. A. realized B. admitted C. believed D. explained 31. A. by chance B. at will C. in person D. on purpose 第二节 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Yuanyang Hani Terraces (梯田) in Yunnan province were recently added to the 2025 World Heritage Irrigation Structures list. This mountain farming irrigation (灌溉) system has been used for over 1,300 years. It ____32____ (clear) shows the Chinese wisdom of “harmonious coexistence between humans and nature”. The terraces ____33____ (build) as early as the Tang Dynasty. Locals carved the terraces along the mountain, passing down their agricultural practices through generations. Today,305 waterways run across the area. Thanks to these waterways, the terraces integrate with the surrounding forests, water systems and villages, ____34____ (create) a harmonious ecosystem. Locals highly value the mountain forests, where ____35____ (tree) are prohibited from being cut down for no reason. Ma Youde, a villager, explains the community’s deep respect ____36____ nature: “If anyone needs wood, it must be approved by the village, and a tree must be replaced immediately once cut.” In recent years, the ecological and ____37____ (culture) value of the Hani Terraces ____38____ (gain) global recognition. Young people ____39____ grew up near the terraces have returned to their hometowns and found new ways ____40____ (protect) it. “I share the landscapes and our villagers’daily lives through social media with the world,” said Gao Hua, ____41____ Generation-Z tour guide. 第四部分 知识基础 (共四节，满分40分) 第一节 词汇中英匹配 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 把下面5个中文词语与英文单词匹配，有两个多余选项。 ____42____ 行为，举止 ____43____ 较量，竞争 ____44____ 乐队，乐团 ____45____ 平衡 ____46____ 树枝 A. battle B. band C. battery D. balance E. button F. behavior G. branch 把下面5个中文词语与英文单词匹配，有两个多余选项。 ____47____自制力 ____48____保护，保卫 ____49____距离，间距 ____50____设置；装置 ____51____装饰物 A. device B. defend C. deadline D. discipline E. distance F. decoration G. dormitory 把下面5个中文词语与英文单词匹配，有两个多余选项。 ____52____ 政策，方针 ____53____ 原则，基本的观念 ____54____ 抗议，反对 ____55____ 潜力，可能性 ____56____ 保护，防护 A. potential B. policy C. principle D. protection E. privacy F. power G. protest 把下面5个中文词语与英文单词匹配，有两个多余选项。 ____57____ 目标，指标 ____58____ 紧张，焦虑 ____59____ 特征，品质 ____60____ 技巧，手法 ____61____ 交通运输系统 A. technique B. trait C. track D target E. tension F. throughout G. transport 第二节 语义匹配 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 根据句子内容，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出与句中划线部分意义最接近的选项。 62. In some countries, the elderly account for more than 25% of the total population. A. explain B. make up C. promote D. come from 63. In the 19th century, many young Europeans left their homeland for the New World to seek their fortune. A. escape from reality B. gain wealth and success C. search for freedom D. experience different cultures 64. The film was full of unexpected and engaging elements, keeping the viewers on the edge of their seats until the very last minute. A. confused B. defensive C. scared D. attentive 65. With only five seconds left in the game and our team down by six points, we have a slim chance to win. A. a clear plan B. a firm belief C. a small possibility D. a weak desire 66. It’s highly important to bridge the digital divide and make sure that everyone can have access to the Internet. A. use the Internet B. know the risks of the Internet C. own Internet devices D. understand how the Internet works 67. Sarah’s daily practice in playing the piano paid off when she got a chance to perform at the school concert. A. took up too much time B. brought good results C. required great patience D. was forgotten by others 68. Small daily acts of kindness can make a significant difference. A. have a slight effect B. go unnoticed by others C. cost a lot of effort D. bring about notable change 69. Although your inner voice can be useful, it can also get in the way of learning. A. improve the learning quality B. waste daily learning time C. hold back the learning process D. increase the learning possibilities 70. Her curiosity was the driver behind her success as a scientist. A. the key to her achievement B. the side effect of her progress C. the reason for her hard work D. the limitation of her study 71. Nowadays, the idea of “white bikes” has pedaled its way around the world and there has been a global increase in bike-sharing. A. spread B. disappeared C. failed D. changed 第三节 (共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分) 看音标写单词 72. /’dɪfrənt/____________ 73. /’tʃælandʒɪŋ/____________ 74. /’mʌni/____________ 75. /’meʒa(r) ____________ 76. /rɪ’mɑːkəbl/____________ 77. /æm’bɪʃn/____________ 78. /skri:m/____________ 79. /’præktɪkəl/____________ 80. /kən’vɪns/____________ 81. /pə’fɔ:məns/____________ 第四节 单句语法填空 (共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分) 根据下列各句句意，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 82. Van Gogh painted ________ he saw from his window — the night sky with clouds, stars and a moon. (用适当的词填空) 83. What I want is to live ________ (simple) and be helpful to others. (所给词的适当形式填空) 84. They were playing The Bears, a team _______ record was perfect. （用适当的单词填空） 85. Active learners always try their best ________ (find) the truth at the heart of each idea. (所给词的适当形式填空) 86. Coming to Guizhou Province to teach has been quite _________ experience for him. (用适当的词填空) 87. A huge wave covered our boat and my younger brother ________ (fall) into the sea. (所给词的适当形式填空) 88. All at once, the sky ________ (cover) with dark clouds and in less than a minute we were in a terrible storm. (所给词的适当形式填空) 89. Captain Scott left a record, for honesty, for sincerity, for ______(brave), for everything that makes a man. (所给词的适当形式填空) 90. Amundsen and his team arrived safely back to their starting base, ten days ahead of their ________ (plan) schedule. (所给词的适当形式填空) 91. Communicating through a screen makes ________ more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others. (用适当的词填空) 第五部分 写作 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 句子翻译 (共3小题;第96、97题每小题3分，第98题4分，满分10分) 把下面句子翻译成英文。 92. 让他感到满意的是他的学生在学习上变得更自信了。（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 93. 我的成就感来自于帮助他人并找到生活真正的意义。(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 94. 如果你的梦想是成为最棒的并站在胜利者的奖台，你最好全身心投入运动项目中。(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 书面表达 (满分20分) 95. 假定你是李华，计划下周日前往市科技馆参观“中国航天成就展 (China Aerospace Achievement Exhibition)”，请你给外国交换生Peter写一封邮件，邀请他一同前往。 注意： 1. 词数80字左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 南海区2027届高二上学期学业水平测试 英语试卷 本试卷共10页，笔试部分满分130分，考试时间120分钟。 第一部分 听说考试 (独立安排，满分20分) 第二部分 阅读 (共三节，满分35分) 第一节 阅读理解 (共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 【1~3题答案】 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D B 【4~6题答案】 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B C 【7~10题答案】 【答案】7. D 8. A 9. C 10. C 第二节 语句排序 (共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 【11题答案】 【答案】 ①. C ②. A ③. D ④. B ⑤. E 第三节 (共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 【12~16题答案】 【答案】12. G 13. C 14. A 15. B 16. D 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分25分) 第一节 完形填空 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 【17~31题答案】 【答案】17. A 18. B 19. C 20. D 21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 第二节 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 【32~41题答案】 【答案】32. clearly 33. were built 34. creating 35. trees 36. for 37. cultural 38. has gained 39. who##that 40. to protect 41. a 第四部分 知识基础 (共四节，满分40分) 第一节 词汇中英匹配 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 【42~46题答案】 【答案】42. F 43. A 44. B 45. D 46. G 【47~51题答案】 【答案】47. D 48. B 49. E 50. A 51. F 【52~56题答案】 【答案】52. B 53. C 54. G 55. A 56. D 【57~61题答案】 【答案】57. D 58. E 59. B 60. A 61. G 第二节 语义匹配 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 根据句子内容，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出与句中划线部分意义最接近的选项。 【62题答案】 【答案】B 【63题答案】 【答案】B 【64题答案】 【答案】D 【65题答案】 【答案】C 【66题答案】 【答案】A 【67题答案】 【答案】B 【68题答案】 【答案】D 【69题答案】 【答案】C 【70题答案】 【答案】A 【71题答案】 【答案】A 第三节 (共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分) 【72~81题答案】 【答案】72. different 73 challenging 74. money 75. measure 76. remarkable 77. ambition 78. scream 79. practical 80. convince 81. performance 第四节 单句语法填空 (共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分) 根据下列各句句意，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 【82题答案】 【答案】what 【83题答案】 【答案】simply 【84题答案】 【答案】whose 【85题答案】 【答案】to find 【86题答案】 【答案】an 【87题答案】 【答案】fell 【88题答案】 【答案】was covered 【89题答案】 【答案】bravery 【90题答案】 【答案】planned 【91题答案】 【答案】it 第五部分 写作 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 句子翻译 (共3小题;第96、97题每小题3分，第98题4分，满分10分) 把下面句子翻译成英文。 【92题答案】 【答案】What pleased him was that his students had become more confident in their studies. 【93题答案】 【答案】My sense of achievement comes from helping others and finding true meaning in life. 【94题答案】 【答案】If your dream is to be the best and reach the winner’s platform, you had better devote yourself to sports. 第二节 书面表达 (满分20分) 【95题答案】 【答案】Dear Peter, I’m writing to invite you to visit the China Aerospace Achievement Exhibition at the City Science and Technology Museum next Sunday. As a space enthusiast, I believe you’ll be amazed by China’s great progress in aerospace, like the Shenzhou missions and lunar exploration. We can leave at 9 am and take the subway together for convenience. It’s a perfect chance to learn about Chinese aerospace culture. Would you like to join me? Looking forward to your reply! Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $