2026年上海市中考英语考纲词汇用法手册 part O

该初中英语中考复习资料聚焦考纲词汇O部分，覆盖obey, offer, on等中考核心词汇，按“词性-释义-例句-拓展”架构系统梳理，含常用词组、词形转换及名师点拨（如one与another用法区别、or的句型转换）。通过考点梳理（重点词汇用法）、方法指导（同义反义辨析）、真题例句训练（如交通规则、日常情境句），帮助学生突破词汇应用难点，体现复习的系统性和针对性。 亮点在于“考点微突破”策略，如通过“one of+最高级+复数名词”（如JD.com例句）和“祈使句+or+陈述句”转换为条件句（如Hurry up例句），培养学生语言能力和思维品质。每个词汇配中考语境例句，结合“常用词组+谚语”强化记忆，设词形拓展（operate→operation）夯实基础。教师可利用名师点拨精准把握考点，学生通过例句仿写和句型转换训练提升应考能力，实现高效复习。

上海市初中英语考纲词汇用法手册 part O O 1072.obey /əv'bei/v.服从，顺从；听从 All of us should obey traffic rules in order to keep ourselves safe. 为了大家的自身安全，我们都应该遵守交通规则。 1073.observe /əb'z₃:v/v. 观察，观测 It would be equally important for Sister Badgery to observe . 察言观色对巴杰莉修女来说也同等重要。 1074.occupation /pkju'perʃən/n. 职业 He wanted to look for an occupation suited to his abilities. 他想找个适合自己才能的职业。 1075.ocean /'əuʃan/n. 海洋 The world really has one big ocean .世界上其实只有一个海洋。 1076.o'clock /ə'klok/n. … … 点钟 I woke up at four o'clock this morning.今天早上我4点钟就醒了。 1077.October /pk'təubə/n. 十月 Would you tell me what you did on the evening of 8 October ? 能否告诉我10月8日晚上你在干嘛? 1078.*of /pv/prep. (表示所属、数量、其中等)……的 They had two children of their own.他们有两个自己的孩子。 常用词组 of course 当然 1079.*off/pf/adv. 离开，走开；断掉(水、电等);完，光 prep. 脱离，(走)开；从……离开 We said good-bye,then he turned and walked off without another word. 我们说了声“再见”,他便转身离去，没再说一句话。 I’m sorry we were cut off.抱歉!刚刚电话断了。 He finished off two bowls of chicken noodles soup in no time. 他很快吃完了两碗鸡汤面。 His hair began to come off.他开始掉头发。 Please keep off the grass. 请别踩踏草地。 1080.*offer/'pfə/n.&v. 提 供 Today's special offer gives you a choice of three destinations. 今天推出的特价线路有3个目的地可供选择。 The pizza they offered us tasted good,and we all wanted to have some more. 他们给我们的比萨味道不错，我们都还想要一些。 1081.*office /'pfis/n. 办公室 Jack is such a forgetful fellow,for he always leaves this or that at the office . 杰克是一个健忘的人，因为他总把这个或那个东西遗忘在办公室。 词形拓展 officer n.官员；办事员 official adj.官方的，政府的；官员的 1082.officer/'pfisə/n. 官员；办事员 An officer is receiving her. 一位官员正在接待她。 1083.*official /ə'fiʃəl/n. (公司、团体或政府的)官员 adj. 官方的，政府的；官员的 A senior UN official hopes to visit China this month. 一位联合国高级官员希望于本月访问中国。 It is official policy line. 这是官方的政策路线。 1084.**often /'pfən/adv. 经常，常常 Kitty is such an honest student that she is often praised by her teachers. 基蒂是这样一个诚实的学生，她经常受到老师的表扬。 反 义 seldom 1085.*oil/ɔil/n. 油；石油 Oil is liquid.石油是液体。 1086.*old /əuld/adj.年老的；古老的；旧的 It's natural for us to become more forgetful when we get old. 当我们老了，我们变得更健忘，这是自然的。 反义 young 1087.Olympic /ə'limprk/adj.奥林匹克的 n. 奥林匹克(运动会) He is an Olympic champion. 他是一位奥运会冠军。 She won the individual gold medal at the Winter Olympics . 她在冬奥会上获得了个人金牌。 1088.*on /on/prep. 在……之上；在……时刻；关于 adv. (穿、放……)上；(水、电等)接通；进行下去 adj. 在上映 What great fun it is to chat with our friends on the Internet! 在互联网上与我们的朋友聊天多么有趣啊! He arrived at the airport on time.他准时到达机场。 The lecture is on language-teaching. 这次讲座是关于语言教学的。 Tom puts on his shoes. 汤姆穿上他的鞋子。 The film will be on in 10 minutes.电影还有10分钟开始。 1089.*once /wʌns/adv. 一次；一度；从前 n. 一 次 conj. 一旦……(就) …… Mary once dreamed of Snow White.玛丽有一次梦到了白雪公主。 He was once unlucky in his work.他一度工作不顺利。 Once we lived in London.我们曾经在伦敦住过。 Once is enough. 一次就够了。 Once you get into a bad habit,you'll find it hard to get out of it. 一旦染上坏习惯，想改掉就难了。 常用词组 at once 立刻，马上 once more=once again 再次 谚 语 There is a saying that once bitten, twice shy. 有句谚语：一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。 1090.*one /wʌn/pron. 一 He is one who never troubles about his personal interests. 他是一个从不计较个人利益的人。 Besides,you need to make up a story.Can you write your own one ? 此外，你需要编一个故事。你可以写写你自己的故事吗? 词形拓展 first num. 第一 常用词组 one after another一个接一个，连续地 名师点拔 one 是常考单词，所以学生一定要掌握其习惯用法：one of 后面接最高级， 名词复数。 例如：JD.com is one of the largest shopping websites in China. 京东网是中国最大的购物网站之一。 1091.online /'on'lan/adj. 在线的adv. 在线地 Online libraries are widely used for learning in the information age. 网络图书馆在信息时代被广泛应用于学习中。 Mike's parents were worried that he spent too much time chatting online . 迈克的父母担心他花太多时间在网上聊天。 1092.*only /'əunli/adv. 只；只是；仅仅adj. 唯一的；仅有的 There is only a little milk. 只有一点牛奶了。 Our only resort is to inform the police.我们唯一的办法是向警方报案。 名 师点拔 only 是常考单词，常出现在保持句意基本不变的句型转换练习中，所以学 生一定要知道：only 与 can't ...better...than that 意思相同，在句中可以互换。 例如：I can only give you that advice.=I can't give you better advice than that. 我只能给你那条建议。 1093.onto /'pntu/prep. 到……上面 His spoon dropped onto the ground.他的汤勺掉到了地上。 1094.*open /'əupən/v. 打开；张开；开办；开设 adj. 开着的，开口的；敞开的；营业中的 "Please open your mouth wide,so that I can examine your teeth easily,"said the dentist. 牙医说：“请张开嘴，让我检查一下你的牙齿”。 Keep the window open while you are in. 在房里时请把窗打开。 The reading room in our neighbourhood is open from 9 a.m.to 9 p.m.on weekdays. 我们小区的阅读室平日开放时间是从上午9时至下午9时。 反义 closed;shut 1095.*operate /'ppərert/v. 动手术，开刀；操作；运转 Doctor Lin left in a hurry to operate on a wounded young man just now. 林医生刚才匆匆赶去为一个受伤的年轻男子动手术。 T 词形拓展 operation n.手术 1096.*operation/ppa'rerʃən/n. 手术 Nancy's grandma was seriously ill and she had an operation last month. 南希奶奶的病很重，她上个月做了一次手术。 1097.*opinion /ə'pinjən/n. 看法，观点 In my opinion ,Tim doesn't write English as clearly as his sister. 在我看来，蒂姆的英文没有他妹妹写得清楚。 常用词组 in one's opinion根据某人的看法 1098.opposite /'ppəzit/adj. 在……对面的；相对的；对立的 prep. 在……的对面 I should have written the notes in the opposite order. 我本应按相反的顺序记笔记的。 Jennie had sat opposite her at breakfast.珍妮吃早餐时坐在她对面。 1099.**or /ɔ:/conj. 或者；还是；否则 Take the exam carefully,or you won't get full marks. 要认真参加考试，否则你就得不到满分。 名师点拔or是常考单词，常出现在保持句意基本不变的句型转换练习中，所以学生 一定要掌握其习惯用法： 1)祈使句，or….=If you don't...,you'll/Unless you.…,you'll… 例如：Hurry up,or you'll miss the bus. =Unless you hurry up,you'll miss the bus. =If you don't hurry up,you'll miss the bus. 快点，否则你会赶不上公共汽车。 Take the underground,or you will be late for the lecture. =You will be late for the lecture unless you take the underground. =You won't be late for the lecture if you take the underground. 乘地铁去，否则你听讲座就会迟到了。 2)否定句中替换and。 例如：He can't read or write.他不会读也不会写。 1100.*orange /'prindʒ/n. 橘子，橙；橙色 adj.橙色的 An orange a day will give you all the vitamin C you need. 每天吃一个橙子能充分摄取所需的维生素C。 Orange juice contains things which help keep you healthy. 橘子汁里含有益于健康的东西。 1101.order /'ɔ:də/n. 命令，指示；顺序v. 命令；定购；点(菜、饮料等) He gave his order to the waiter.他把他点的东西告诉服务员了。 I have ordered an egg for you.我已经帮你点了个蛋。 百 常用词组 in order to 为了 1102.ordinary /'ɔ:dinari/adj. 普通的，平常的 I just want an ordinary car. 我只是想要一辆普通的车。 1103.*organization /ogənar'zeʃən/n. 组织；团体；机构 The United Nations Organization consists of over 160 nations. 联合国组织由160多个国家组成。 词形拓展 organize v. 组织 1104.*organize (= organise) /'ɔ:gənarz/v. 组织 Our school will organize a sightseeing to Hong Kong Ocean Park. 我们学校将组织一次到香港海洋公园的游览。 1105.*other/'hðə/adj. 其他的；另外的 pron. 别人；别的东西 You cannot do everything as well as certain other people do. 你不可能把每一件事都做得和其他一些人一样好。 He has three foreign friends.One is from London and the other two are from New York. 他有3个外国朋友。一位来自伦敦，另外两位来自纽约。 New Zealand has two islands.One is North Island and the other is South Island. 新西兰有两个岛。一个是北岛，另一个是南岛。 名师点拨 ot her 是常考单词，所以学生一定要掌握其习惯用法，及比较与 another 的 用法区别： 1)the other指两者中的另一个，常与one 连用，构成one...and the other结构； another则指三个以上的另一个。 例如：There are two new students in our class.One is from Japan and the other is from Australia.我们班有两个新同学。一个来自日本，另一个来自澳大利亚。 I don't like this shirt.Could you show me another one? 我不喜欢这件衬衫。能给我看看另一件吗? 2)the others=the other+复数名词，是特指一定范围内的剩下的那一些人或事 物；而others=other+ 复数名词，是泛指，没有一定的范围。 例如：There are ten students in our group.Four are girls,and the others are boys. 我们组有10个学生。4个女孩，其他是男孩。 Some people like ball games,but others don’t. 有些人喜欢球类运动，另一些人不喜欢。 1106.*ought /ɔ:t/(to)aux.v. 应该，应当 He ought to keep his promise.他应该遵守诺言。 1107.*out/aut/adv. 向外；在外；离开 Let's go out for a walk. 我们出去散散步吧。 常用词组 out of 从……里出来；缺乏 out of date 过时 反 义 in 1108.outdoor/'autdɔ:/adj.室外的 I like outdoor sports. 我喜欢室外运动。 反义 indoor 1109.outing /'autɪn/n. 远足；郊游；(集体)外出游玩(或学习等) We were just thinking of an outing,but the odds were against us and it began to rain. 我们正想去郊游，不料天公不作美，下起雨来了。 1110.*outside /iaut'sard/prep. 在……外 adv. 在外面 For example,you might want to speak about your interests and hobbies outside school. 比如说，你可能想说说你在校外的兴趣和爱好。 It's raining outside .I'd rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema. 外面在下雨。我宁愿在家看电视而不愿去看电影。 反义 inside 1111.oven /'Avən/n. 炉子；烤箱 She took the pie out of the oven .她将馅饼从烤箱中拿出来。 1112.*over /'suvə/prep. 在……上方；越过；遍及；超过 adv. 结束；越过；翻转 We live over a small bookstore.我们住在一家小书店的楼上。 The war was over about three months ago,but the American soldiers in Iraq are still having a lot of trouble to deal with.大约3个月前战争结束了，但在伊拉克的 美国士兵仍有很多问题要处理。 常用词组 over and over 再三；一次次 反义 under 1113.*own /əun/adj. 自己的 v. 拥有 We all know that success in study mainly depends on one's own effort. 我们都知道学习的成功主要取决于自己的努力。 He owns three cars.他有3辆汽车。 词形拓展 owner n. 拥有者；物主 1114.*owner /'əunə/n. 拥有者；物主 Who is the owner of that motorcycle? 谁是那辆摩托车的主人? 15112 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $