2026年上海市初中英语考纲词汇用法手册 part M

该初中英语中考复习知识清单系统梳理了考纲M部分85个核心词汇，涵盖基础用法（音标、词性、释义、例句）、拓展延伸（词形变化、反义、谚语）及重点用法（常用词组、名师点拨）三大知识范畴，构建从词汇认知到语境应用的完整学习链条。 清单采用星级标注区分重难点（如***make、***must），名师点拨解析高频考点（如make的使役动词用法、mind后接动名词），结合词形拓展、反义对比及谚语记忆，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。特色设计“句型转换示例”（如more与if句型互换）和“易混词对比”（如may be与maybe），助力学生高效掌握要点，既方便学生自主复习，也为教师教学提供精准指导。

上海市初中英语考纲词汇用法手册 part M M 942.machine /mə'Ji:n/n. 机器 The silk clothes can't be washed in the washing machine . 丝绸衣服不可以用洗衣机洗。 943.mad /mæd/adj. 发疯的；生气的 The noise will drive me mad .这噪音会使我发疯的。 944.*magazine /mægə'zi:n/n. 杂志 Look!There is a magazine on the teacher's desk.Is it yours? 瞧!老师的办公桌上有一本杂志。是你的吗? 945.magic /'mædʒik/n. 魔术；魔法 The magician is going to perform magic at the party. 这位魔术师将在晚会上表演魔术。 词形拓展 magician n. 魔术师 946.mail /meɪl/n. (美)邮件；邮递v. 邮寄 A postman's job's to deliver mail . 邮递员的工作就是送邮件。 They asked her to mail him a letter. 他们要她给他寄封信。 947.*main /mein/adj. 主要的 The main idea of the paragraph usually appears in the first sentence of the paragraph. 段落的主要意思通常出现在该段的第一句上。 词形拓展 mainly adv. 主要地 名师点拨main是常考单词，常出现在保持句意基本不变的句型转换练习中，所以学生一定要知道：main与the most important意思相同，在句中可以互换。 例如：The main report at the meeting is our headmaster's speech. =The most important report at the meeting is our headmaster's speech. 会上最重要的报告是我们校长的讲话。 948.*mainly /'menli/adv. 主要地 The old man's money mainly comes from family business. 这位老人的财产主要来自家族企业。 949.major /'meidʒə/adj. 主要的 n. (大学中的)主修科目 The two major dancers are level with each other. 两个主要舞蹈演员水平相当。 Mathematics is my major .我的专业是数学。 950.*make /merk/ (made /merd/, made) v. 制造；做；使得 Most passengers were talking happily with each other when the bus made a sudden stop.当大部分乘客正高兴地交谈时，汽车突然停了下来。 It has little effect on the study if you make the students write all the time. 如果你让学生一直写，这对学习几乎是没有效果的。 The Internet enables us to make more friends through the world. 因特网使我们能在全世界广交朋友。 常用词组 be made of 由……制成(看得见原材料) be made from 由……制成(看不见原材料) be made up of 由……组成 make a living 谋生 make sure尽力做到；务请；确保；查明；确信 名师点拨 m ake 是常考单词，所以学生一定要掌握使役动词make 的习惯用法。 1)make sth.done 使某物被做 例如：make my hair cut 让我的头发被剪掉(剪头发) 2)make sb./sth.+adj.;make sb.do sth.=sb.be made to do sth.使某人做某事 例如：They tried to make her happy,but in vain. 他们设法使她高兴，但那是徒劳的。 The heavy snowstorm made the mountain climbers stop halfway. =The mountain climbers were made to stop halfway by the heavy snowstorm. 暴风雪使登山者半途而废。 951.male /meil/adj. 男(性)的；雄的 n. 男性 A school master is a male teacher.校长是位男老师。 I am a male! 我是个男人! 拓展 female adj. 女的；女性的；雌性的 952.*man /mæn/ ( 复men /men/)n. 成年男人；人；人类 Look at the photo!The fifth man from the right is my class teacher. 看照片!从右边起第五个男人是我的班主任。 谚语 There is a saying that no man is born wise or learned. 有句谚语：人非生而知之。 953.manage /'mænidʒ/v. 管理；经营；处理；设法对付 I manage a team of six engineers. 我管理一个由6个工程师组成的小组。 词形拓展 manager n. 经理 名师点拔manage是常考单词，常出现在保持句意基本不变的句型转换练习中，所以 学生一定要知道：manage to do与succeed in doing意思相同，在句中可以互换。 例如：We have managed to drag the fallen tree clear of the road. =We have succeeded in dragging the fallen tree clear of the road. 我们已经成功地把那棵倒下的树拖离道路。 954.***manager /'mænid3ə/n. 经理 If you don't like the products,feel free to make a complaint to the manager . 如果你不喜欢这产品，请随时向经理投诉。 955.manner(s )/'mænə(z)/n. 方式；态度；举止 People need to work things out in their own manner and in their own time. 人们需要以自己的方式和时间来处理问题。 956.*many /'meni/ (比较级 more /mɔ:/, 最高级most /maust/)adj. 许多的pron. 许多人(或物) I won't believe the five-year-old boy can read so many words until I have tested him myself.直到我亲自对他进行了测试，我才相信这个5岁的孩子会读这么多的单词。 Many fell in this hole.很多人掉到了这个洞里。 反义 few 谚语 There is a saying that many hands make light work. 有句谚语：人多好办事。 957.*map /mæp/n. 地图 Emma stopped the car and looked at the map . 艾玛停下车，看了一下地图。 958.March /ma:tʃ/n. 三月 A large number of trees are planted on March 12 every year. 每年的3月12日要种植大量的树木。 959.*mark /ma:k/n. 标记，记号；符号；(考试等)分数 v. 标明；作记号于；给……打分数 You will be able to get good marks if you do some revision every day. 如果你每天都复习一下，你可以获得好成绩。 Please mark where you have some questions.在有问题的地方作个记号。 960.*market /'ma:kit/n.市场；集市 Where is the nearest market ? 最近的集市在哪儿? 961.marry /'mæri/v. (使)成婚；结婚 Marry me. 嫁给我吧。 词形拓展 married adj.已婚的 marriage n. 婚姻 962.*match /mætʃ/ ( 复matches) n. 比赛，竞赛；火柴v.与……匹配 —Our class failed in the school's football match last week. —What a pity! ——上周学校的足球比赛我们班输了。 ——多可惜! No one can match him in singing.论唱歌谁也比不过他。 963.*material /mə'tiəriol/n. 材料，原料 The fuel might be wood,charcoal or any other burnable material . 燃料可以是木头、木炭或者其他任何可燃的物质。 964.maths /mæθs/(= mathematics/mæθa'mætiks/, ( 美)math /mæθ/)n. (通常作单数 用)数学 The teacher asked me if I had finished my maths homework. 老师问我数学作业是否已经完成了。 965.*matter /'mætə/n. 要紧事；麻烦事；事情；问题；物质 v. 要紧，有关系 No matter what they tell us.No matter what they do.No matter what they teach us.What we believe is true.无论他们告诉我们什么,无论他们做什么,无论他们教 给我们什么,我们坚信的是真理。 It doesn't matter much whether we go together or separately. 我们一起去还是分头去都可以。 966.May /mer/n. 五月 We will leave Beijing on the twenty-fifth of May .我们将在5月25日离开北京。 967.*may /mei/ (might /mart/)aux.v. 可以；也许，可能 You may lose your way if you walk alone in the mountains at night. 如果晚上你独自一人在山里走，你可能会迷路。 — May I park my car here for a while? —No,you mustn't.Do you see the sign “NO PARKING”? ——我可以把车停在这里一会儿吗? ——不，你不能。你看到“禁止停车”的标志吗? 名师点拨 ma y 是常考单词，所以学生一定要掌握以下用法区别： 1)may be v.可能是 must be v. 一定是 can't be v. 不可能是(否定猜测用can't be;肯定猜测用may be 和 must be;可 能性大用must be,可能性小用may be 。) maybe(=perhaps)adv. 可能 2)May 一般疑问句的否定回答要用 mustn't,表示“不允许”,“不准”,“不行”等意思。 例如：一May I take this dictionary out of the library? —No,you mustn't. ——我可以把这本字典拿出图书馆吗? ——不，不行。 968.*maybe /'merbi:/adv. 可能，大概；也许 It's clouding up.Maybe it'llrain this afternoon.天阴起来了，今天下午也许有雨。 969.meal /mi:l/n. 一餐(饭) Linda often helps her parents with the housework after meals . 琳达饭后经常帮助父母做家务。 970. *mean /mi:n/ (meant /ment/, meant) v. 意思是；意味着 adj. 刻薄的 What do you mean ? 你什么意思? The little girls had locked themselves in upstairs because Mack had been mean to them. 小姑娘们把自己锁在楼上，因为麦克对她们很刻薄。 词形拓展 meaning n. 意思 971.meaning /'minm/n. 意思，意义；含义 These words are empty of meaning .这些话毫无意义。 972.meat /mi:t/n. 肉 "Mr.Zhu,you'd better not eat too much meat.You are already over weight,"said the doctor. 医生说：“朱先生，您最好不要吃太多的肉。您已经超重了。” 973.medical /'medikəl/adj. 医学的；医疗的 He has been in the van of medica l progress for years. 在医学的发展道路上，他多年来一直居于领先地位。 词形拓展 medicine n. 药 974.*medicine /'medisin/n. 药 How often should you take the medicine? 这药你应该多长时间服一次? 谚语 There is a saying that a good medicine tastes bitter. 有句谚语：良药苦口。 975.medium /'mi:drəm/adj. 中间的；中等的 A medium coffee please. 请给我一杯中杯咖啡。 976.*meet /mi:t/ (met /met/, met) v. 遇见，见到；会见；迎接；满足 n. 会；集会 Guess who I met in Nanjing Road?你猜我在南京路遇见了谁? To meet the needs of people from different countries,that book was published in different languages.为了满足来自不同国家读者的需求，这本书用不同语种出版。 词形拓展 meeting n. 会；集会；会见 977.*meeting /'mi:tn/n. 会；集会；会见 I remember meeting him at a party once. 我记得曾经在一次晚会上见过他。 The 8th School Sports Meeting was put off because of the heavy rain. 因下大雨，第八届校运动会推迟了。 978.*member /'membə/n. 成员；会员 One member of the surgical team administers the checklist. 外科小组的一名成员负责管理清单。 979.*memory /'meməri/ ( 复memories) n. 回忆；记忆 In the Guinness Book of Records,there are some amazing stories about memory . 在《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》里，有一些关于记忆的惊人故事。 All the beautiful memories came into my mind when I saw these pictures. 当我看到这些图片时，所有美好的回忆都涌入我的脑海。 词形拓展 memorize v.记忆 980.mention /'menʃən/v. 提到，说起 She did not mention her mother's absence. 她并没有说起她母亲不在场的事。 981.menu /'menju:/n. 菜单 Could you give us another menu ? 你可以再给我们一份菜单吗? 982.mess /mes/n. 混乱；杂乱 v. 使不整洁；弄脏；弄乱 The room was in a mess.这个房间杂乱不堪。 If you cancel now,you'll mess up all my arrangements. 如果你现在取消，就会打乱我所有的安排。 983.*message /'mesidʒ/n. 消息；音信 I telephoned Jane just now,but she wasn’t in.I had to leave her a message . 刚才我打电话给简，但她不在，我不得不给她留下口信。 词形拓展 messenger n. 送信人；通讯员；信使 常用词组 take a message for sb.给某人捎个口信 984.metal /'metəl/n. 金属 The frame is made of metal .这框子是金属做的。 985.*method /'meθəd/n.方法，办法 He introduced us to a new method of work. 他向我们介绍了一种新的工作方法。 986.metre /'mi:tə/ ( 美meter) n. 米，公尺 The newly-built bridge is about fifteen metres wide.新建的桥大约有15米宽。 987.*middle /'midl/n. 中间，当中，中部 The design is the most suitable for middle aged women. 这款式最适合中年妇女。 常用词组 in the middle of 在……中间 988.*mile/mail/n. 英 里 He walked for miles yesterday.他昨天走了好几英里路。 989.*milk/milk/n. 牛奶 Peter doesn't have bread or milk for breakfast. 彼得早餐没有吃面包或牛奶。 990.***mind/maind/n. 思想；想法 v. 介意；关心 Is she still of the same mind? 她仍持原来的意见吗? —Would you mind my sitting here,sir? —I’m afraid you can't.It's for my wife. ——先生，你介意我坐在这儿吗? ——恐怕不行。这是留给我妻子的。 常用词组 make up one's mind to do sth.下决心做某事 名师点拔 mind 是常考单词，所以学生一定要掌握其用法：mind 后面跟动名词。 991.minus /'manəs/prep. 减(去) adj. 负的；减去的 Three minus two is one. 三减二等于一。 I’m giving him a B minus. 我准备给他一个B-。 反 义 plus 992.*minute/'mnit/n. 分钟；一会儿；瞬间 It's five minutes'walk from my home to school.How happy I am! 从我家走到学校只要5分钟。太高兴了! 常用词组 in a minute 一会儿 993.mirror/'mirə/n. 镜 子 The Evil Queen has a magic mirror. 邪恶的皇后有一面魔镜。 994.*miss/mis/v. 失去，错过；缺；惦记 You've got to start early tomorrow,or you'll miss the flight. 你明天一早就出发，否则你会错过航班。 995.*Miss/mis/n. 小姐，女士(称呼未婚妇女) Therefore,Miss Jiang is calling Ms.Brown. 于是，姜小姐给布朗女士打电话了解情况。 996.***mistake/mi'steik/n. 错 误 (mistook /mi'stuk/,mistaken/mr'sterkon/)v.弄错，误解 The mistakes in the report willbe corrected by the group leaders after class. 小组领导下课后将纠正本报告中的错误。 It was impossible to mistake it. 那是不可能弄错的。 常用词组 make a mistake出差错；犯错误 近义 error 997.*mix /miks/v. 混合，搅拌 Mix the butter and flour together. 将黄油和面粉搅拌在一起。 词形拓展 mixture n. 混合物 998.*mixture /'mikstʃə/n. 混合物 The ball is filled with gaseous mixture .那个球充满了气体混合物。 999.*model /'mpdal/n. 模型；范例；模范；模特 My father wants to buy a car of this mode l,but my mother thinks it's too expensive. 我爸想买一辆这个型号的车，但我妈认为它太贵了。 1000.modern /'mpdən/adj. 现代的 Our lives have been changed by modern science and technology in many ways. 现代科学技术使我们的生活在很多方面发生了改变。 1001.*moment /'məumənt/n. 片刻，瞬间 This is an important moment .这是一个重要的时刻。 1002.Monday /'mʌndi/n. 星期一 We have seven classes on Monday .星期一我们有7节课。 1003.***money /'mʌni/n. 钱；货币 Peter doesn't need any money from his parents because he has found a good job and can earn money by himself. 彼得不必向他的父母要钱，因为他已经找到一份 好工作，可以自己挣钱。 常用词组 make money 挣钱，赚钱 1004.monitor /'monitə/n. 班长；监视器 How surprised we were to hear of our monitor 's failure in the P.E.test! 听说我们的班长体育测试不及格，我们是多么惊讶! 1005.*monkey /'mʌŋki/n. 猴子 The monkey was swinging in the tree.猴子在树上荡来荡去。 1006.*month /mʌnθ/n. 月，月份 Mary missed her parents after she had spent a few months abroad. 在国外生活了几个月后，玛丽非常想念她的父母。 1007.mood /mu:d/n. 心情，语气，气氛 He is clearly in a good mood today.明摆着，他今天心情不错。 1008.moon /mu:n/n. 月球；月亮 What shape is the moon ,Mike? 迈克，月亮是什么形状的? 1009.**more /mo:/ (much /mAtʃ/ 或 many /'meni/的比较级)adj. 较多的；更大的；更多的 adv. 再：更n. 更多的量 We have a lot more work to do.我们还有很多工作要做。 David has been in Garden City for more than three months. 大卫住在花园城市已有3个多月了。 The pipeline of deals promises more .交易的数量将更多。 反义 less 谚语 There is a saying that more haste,less speed. 有句谚语：欲速则不达。 名师点拔more是常考单词，常出现在保持句意基本不变的句型转换练习中，所以学 生一定要知道：The more…,the+比较级.…=If句型，在句子中可以互换。 例 如 ：The more you practise,the sooner you willpass the driving test. =If you practise more,you will pass the driving test soon. 你练习的越多，你就会越快通过驾驶考试。 1010.*morning /'mɔ:nn/n. 早晨，上午 You'd better have a big breakfast in the morning so as not to be hungry before lunch. 你最好上午吃一顿丰盛的早餐，这样午餐前就不会觉得饿了。 The article was written by the reporter on the morning of April 10th. 本文是记者在4月10日的早晨写的。 The frightening accident happened on a cold morning . 那起可怕的事故发生在一个寒冷的早晨。 1011.**most /məust/ (many /'meni/ 或 much /mʌtʃ/ 的最高级) adj. 最大的；最多的；大多数的；大部分的 adv. 最n. 大部分；大多数 Peter made the most mistakes of all the class.全班同学中，彼得犯的错最多。 It was the most exciting holiday I've ever had. 那是我经历过的最令人兴奋的假日。 Most of what they learned was said out loud and memorized. 他们学到最多的，是大声复述以达到熟记。 反义 least 1012.*mother /'mʌðə/n. 母亲 My mother is nearly 80 and she's starting to get a bit forgetful. 我的母亲近80岁，她开始有点健忘。 谚语 There is a saying that diligence is the mother of success. 有句谚语：勤奋是成功之母。 1013.motorcycle /'məutəsarkl/n. 摩托车 Gilbert went there by motorcycle. 吉尔伯特骑摩托车去的那儿。 1014.mountain /'mauntin/n. 山；山脉 On the Double Ninth Festival,people usually climb mountains . 在重阳节，人们通常去爬山。 1015.*mouse /maus/ ( 复mice /mais/)n. 老鼠；(计算机)鼠标 The baby likes to watch Mickey Mouse cartoons best. 宝宝最喜欢看米老鼠卡通片了。 1016.mouth /mauθ/n. 嘴，口 Don't speak with your mouth full.嘴里塞满东西时不要讲话。 1017.**move /mu:v/v. 移动，搬动；搬家；感动 Before moving into the new house,Mr.Andy is thinking of buying pieces of furniture. 在搬进新房子之前，安迪先生想买几件家具。 1018.movie /'mu:vi/n. 电 影 Many historical movies will be shown on National Day.许多历史影片将在国庆节上映。 1019.Mr ( 美Mr.) /'mistə/n. 先生 He owes a lot of money to Mr Smith.他欠史密斯先生许多钱。 1020.Mrs ( 美Mrs.)/'misiz/n. 夫人，太太 Mrs Jones gave music lessons at a school.琼斯太太在一所学校教音乐。 1021.***much /mʌtʃ/ (比较级more /mɔ:/, 最高级most /məust/) adj.(修饰不可数名词)许多的，大量的adv. 非常；更加n. (表示不可数名词)许多；大量 I know how much trouble you have suffered. 我知道你遭受过多大的痛苦。 My deskmate Tom's handwriting is much better than mine. 我的同桌汤姆的字写得比我的好。 She doesn't say much .她话不多。 反义 little 1022.mum /mʌm/n. (口语)妈妈 You saw her, Mum? 你看见她了吗，妈妈? 1023.museum /mju:'ziom/n. 博物馆 This warning sign must be put outside the gate of the museum . 这样的警示标志必须放在博物馆的门口。 1024.mushroom /'mʌʃrum/n. 蘑菇 Do you like mushroom soup?你喜欢蘑菇汤吗? 1025.*music /'mju:zik/n. 音乐；乐曲 The music he was playing was so beautiful.We all lost ourselves in it. 他演奏的音乐是如此优美。我们都陶醉了。 1026.**must /mʌst/aux.v. 必须；需要；应当；必定是；一定 — Must I get everything ready for the discussion before the weekend? —No,you needn't.You may finish that next week. ——为这次讨论，我必须在周末前准备好一切吗? ——不，不需要。你可以在下周完成。 13719 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $