精品解析：江苏省无锡市青山高级中学2025-2026学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题

无锡市青山高级中学 2025年秋学期高二英语期中考试试卷 2025年11月 第一部分 听力（共两小节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is David doing? A. Giving suggestions. B. Asking for information. C. Sharing volunteer experience. 2. Why does the man feel sorry? A. He failed an exam. B. He made a mistake at work. C. He wasn’t able to help Jane. 3. What is the woman worried about? A. Too many participants will attend the conference. B. They can’t afford to rent a conference room. C. No one will clean up the dining room. 4. How much does the man pay for a haircut at the salon? A. $15. B. $20. C. $35. 5. What is the probable relationship between Joe and Mary? A. Friends. B. Brother and sister. C. Husband and wife. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6、7小题。 6. What did the man do? A. He went to the hospital. B. He visited an exhibition. C. He received special training. 7. What is Amy? A. A student. B. A doctor. C. A coach. 听下面一段对话，回答第8、9题。 8. Why does the man talk to Ms. Chen? A. To schedule a meeting. B. To seek business cooperation. C. To promote eco-friendly products. 9. When will the speakers discuss the details further? A. On Tuesday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday. 听下面一段对话，回答第10至13题。 10. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At school. B. In a hospital. C. In a restaurant. 11. Which of the following symptoms does Michael have? A. He coughs a lot. B. His chest hurts. C. He has a runny nose. 12. What will Michael do tomorrow? A. Take some medical tests. B. Have a cooking class. C. Call Mrs. Smith. 13. What does Mrs. Smith remind Michael of? A. The homework he needs to do. B. The fatty food he ate. C. The email he’ll check. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至17题。 14. How does James look to the woman? A. Excited. B. Nervous. C. Tired. 15. Who is Mr. Thompson? A. James’ father. B. James’ colleague. C. James’ teacher. 16. What does the woman often do on Sunday afternoons? A. Play video games. B. Do some sports. C. Watch movies. 17. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. How to manage screen time. B. How to improve-sleep quality C. How to increase learning efficiency. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至20题。 18. What makes Wang Fang’s cakes unique? A. Its taste. B. Its shape. C. Its ingredients 19. When did Wang Fang begin to work in the technology company? A. In 2014. B. In 2018. C. In 2022. 20. What does Wang Fang value most about her present job? A. Good teamwork. B. The high reputation. C. A sense of satisfaction 第二部分 阅读理解50分（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Community Science Learn about community science programs and events in the Golden Gate National Recreation Area & Mt. Tam. About Our Community Science Programs The Parks Conservancy’s community science programs combine landscape-scale science with community engagement. Community members participate in large-scale studies to list and monitor species and ecosystems in the parks, helping to fill gaps in our knowledge about our local environment. These programs are also an opportunity for volunteers to learn new skills and to connect to local public lands through participation in science. Programs include: *Golden Gate Raptor Observatory — a program of the Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy in cooperation with the National Park Service to inspire the preservation of California raptor populations. *Marin Wildlife Watch — a mountain-wide study using motion-activated cameras to monitor mammal populations. *Tamalpais Bee Lab — an inventory of wild bees on public lands throughout Marin County. *California Giant Salamander Inventory — documenting this mysterious species’ population through crowd-sourced data. All the work is done in partnership with our agency partners, academic institutions, and nonprofit conservation organizations. When you participate in one of our programs, you get to learn new skills and contribute to these important bodies of knowledge about the world. How to participate & Contact Us You can learn more about our approach to community science and submit an application on https://www.onetam.org. 1. What is the aim of Community Science? A To protect natural landscape. B. To teach volunteers new skills. C. To observe species and enrich the data. D. To connect with conservation organizations. 2. What program will insect-lovers prefer? A. Tamalpais Bee Lab. B. Marin Wildlife Watch. C. Golden Gate Raptor Observatory. D. California Giant Salamander Inventory. 3. How can volunteers apply for Community Science? A. By mailing application letters. B. By visiting the official website. C. By visiting the Parks Conservancy. D. By attending an interview with agents. Katalin Karikó along with her colleague Drew Weissman won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2023 for the development of messenger RNA (mRNA) technology. Karikó was born in January 1955, in a small village in Hungary. She had an ambition from early on to become a scientist. As a young adult, she became interested in mRNA, which carries DNA instructions to the protein-making engine of cells. She hoped that mRNA could play a key role in the treatment of various diseases. It became her mission to make her dream a reality to help cure patients. However, Karikó faced a shortage of money for her research in her country, and she then faced the choice of stop ping and doing something not connected to her mission or continuing her research at the price of having to leave her country. After searching for posts and scholarships worldwide, Karikó accepted an offer from Temple University in Philadelphia for a postdoctoral fellowship. Karikó and her husband gave up everything they had in their homeland and bought a one-way ticket to the U. S., where they knew no one. She was aware of the risks but didn’t feel discouraged. As she put it in an award acceptance speech, “Follow your dreams and don’t hesitate to learn anything from anyone.” She was initially on track to become a full professor but received repeated fund rejections. Undeterred by the problems and challenges, she chose to continue her research. By focusing on what mattered to her every day, she “accidentally” met her work partner Drew Weissman who was also interested in mRNA. They teamed up to work on mRNA and published papers about their groundbreaking discovery for years. Then the pandemic hit the world. The changed mRNA technology Karikó and Weissman invented was then used in vaccines that prevented the infection effectively. Karikó’s life is a testament to finding one’s passion and then pursuing it every single day. Many of us know what we are fond of, but we are not good self-motivators on a daily basis. 4. What can we learn about Karikó from paragraph 2? A. She had a clear sense of purpose. B. She was poor when she was young. C. She was hesitant to leave her country. D. She longed to be a doctor to cure patients. 5. What does the underlined part “Undeterred by” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Being afraid of. B. Not motivated by. C. Being unaware of. D. Not discouraged by. 6. What is probably the main contribution of Karikó? A. Simplifying the mRNA technology. B. Making the structure of mRNA clear. C. Laying the foundation for mRNA vaccines. D. Developing a vaccine for a serious disease. 7. What can we learn from Karikó’s success? A. Every minute counts. B. Two heads are better than one. C. Where there’s a will, there’s a way. D. Necessity is the mother of invention. The idea that too much screen time and digital dependence might harm our cognitive abilities — often called “digital dementia (痴呆)” — has been debated since psychiatrist Manfred Spitzer coined the term in 2012. Critics argue that outsourcing memory (like relying on smartphones for contact details) and passive media consumption, such as endless scrolling, could weaken mental sharpness. But is this really true, especially for older adults who have witnessed the digital revolution firsthand? A major 2024 study published in Nature Human Behaviour analyzed data from over 411,000 adults aged 50 and above. Surprisingly, it found that regular use of computers, smartphones, and the Internet was associated with a 58% lower risk of cognitive decline — a stronger protective effect than even physical exercise or maintaining healthy blood pressure. This doesn’t mean technology directly prevents dementia, but it suggests that staying digitally engaged may help keep the brain active. Learning new apps, resolving tech issues, and even online socializing could function like mental workouts, strengthening cognitive resilience (恢复力). In fact, technology aids instead of harming because it offers men tal stimulation, enhances social connection, and boosts independence via problem-solving.’ While this study is a relief, not all tech use is equal in its effects. Passive activities, like binge watching TV, may not offer the same benefits as interactive tasks, such as video calls or online learning. Additionally, too much screen time in younger people has been linked to attention problems and poor sleep — which could have long-term effects. As AI and brain-computer interfaces advance, older adults may gain even more tools to support cognition, from memory aids to virtual social companions. However, balance remains key. The best approach? Use technology actively — learn, connect, and problem-solve — rather than just consume. For now, older adults shouldn’t fear “digital dementia.” Instead, thoughtful tech use might be one of the best ways to keep their minds sharp in the digital age. 8. What does the 2024 study reveal about “digital dementia” compared with the popular idea? A. It draws a contrary conclusion. B. It agrees with Manfred Spitzer’ theory. C. It only occurs in older adults. D. It equals the effect of physical workouts. 9. Why can active digital use reduce the risk of cognitive decline? A. It can prolong our life. B. It can activate our brain. C. It can solve tricky issues. D. It can enhance our ability. 10. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. Reliability of the new study. B. Negative effects on the young. C. Downsides of passive tech use. D. Contrast between two tech uses. 11. What does the author suggest the elderly do in the last two paragraphs? A. Relieve their fear quickly. B. Get more tools to sharpen cognition. C. Consume technology simply. D. Make considered use of modern tech. Forget to bring your charger? What if your clothing could generate electricity from the heat your body naturally produces? This futuristic concept is becoming a reality. Scientists at Chalmers University and Linköping University in Sweden have developed a new yarn (纱线) that can generate electricity from body heat, using a polymer coating (聚合物涂层) applied to ordinary silk yarn. The principle is the thermoelectric effect (热电效应), where temperature differences between the human body and its surrounding environment create electrical energy. As the human body produces constant heat, the warmer side of the thermoelectric material transfers electrons to the colder side, generating an electrical current. “The polymers that we use are bendable, lightweight and easy to use in both liquid and solid form. They are also harmless,” says study first author Mariavittoria Craighero. Unlike previous attempts at creating thermoelectric textiles, this breakthrough solves a long-standing problem: the lack of air-stable polymers. “The new type of polymer has outstanding performance stability in contact with air while at the same time having a very good ability to conduct electricity. By using polymers, we don't need any rare earth metals, which are common in electronics,” explains Craighero. The new thermoelectric yarn could power sensors in clothing to monitor vital signs like heart rate and body temperature without needing battery changes or recharging. Beyond healthcare, it could enable lowpower functions in smart clothing, such as environmental sensing and location tracking. As power conversion efficiency improves, more power-demanding features can be supported. While the new polymers mark a major step forward in thermoelectric textiles, it's important to note that the temperature differences in lab tests are much higher than those typically experienced in everyday clothing. As a result, real-world performance may be lower. Moreover, the yarn generates only 0. 67 microwatts at a 70-degree temperature difference, which is far too little to charge devices like smartphones. The manufacturing process is also time-consuming, requiring four days of manual work to create one piece, making it impractical for large-scale commercial production. 12. How does the new approach generate electricity? A. By recycling the flow of air. B. By absorbing the energy of sunlight. C. By heating the surrounding environment. D. By making use of temperature differences. 13. What advantage do the new polymers have over previous materials? A. Lower costs. B. Greater safety. C. Higher stability. D. Less weight. 14. What can we learn about the new yarn from paragraph 5? A. It needs to be charged regularly. B It has broad application prospects. C. It is designed for medical treatment. D. It will be launched into the market soon. 15. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. The limitations of putting the polymers into practical use. B. The standard of producing the new textile. C. The potential of the polymers in powering devices. D. The follow-up test plan of scientists. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We’ve all been there — you’ve sent a message and it’s marked “read”, but you haven’t heard anything back. What’s the deal? While being left on read (已读不回) can be confusing, it’s also pretty common. _____16_____ Here are a few tips. Expect the best. Remind yourself that the person is probably just busy. Ask yourself if you actually know their schedule. There could be some time commitments you aren’t aware of. Here are a few other reasons for a delayed response. _____17_____ They put their phone away to focus on work or school. They accidentally forgot to reply. Maybe they thought about what they wanted to say but didn’t actually text it. Resist the temptation (诱惑) to double-text. _____18_____ If you send a lot of follow-up texts, it’ll be hard for them to keep up and they might get stressed. Leave them with just one text to catch up on — the other person will probably appreciate your patience. Read over your previous messages. See if there are any confusing texts that you need to clarify. It’s okay if you review your message again and notice that it might have been a little unclear — it happens! _____19_____ _____20_____ Keep it out of sight and get some peace of mind. Don’t let it upset or confuse you. If you get your mind off any notifications, you’ll be able to brainstorm new ways to spend your time. A. Put your phone away. B. Pay full attention to the text replies. C. Offer them some time and opportunity to answer.​ D. They want to give you a longer reply but can’t do it right now. E. Ask yourself why being left on “read” frustrates or confuses you. F. You can prevent this situation from troubling you before getting a reply. G. You may feel better if you find a message that could be misunderstood.​ 第三部分 语言知识运用（共四节，满分45分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In Los Angeles, wildfires have destroyed countless homes in just a few days. Ruth, a nearly 90-year-old woman from Altadena, was one of the many ____21____ According to her granddaughter, Caroline Cubero, Ruth lost her home and all her ____22____ including two rental properties that were her main sources of income. ____23____, Ruth and her beloved dog managed to ____24____ just in time. Despite the huge ____25____, Ruth gained a new outlook on life. She planned to ____26____ less on material things and more on people and experiences. Caroline shared Ruth’s story in a video, in which Ruth expressed her determination to ____27____ her home and community. She said she didn’t expect to live much longer as she would turn 90 next month, but she was inspired to live and ____28____ life. Caroline and her family ____29____ to provide financial support for Ruth and her aunt, who also lost everything in the ____30____. The video has received many ____31____ reactions, with people expressing ____32____ for Ruth’s wisdom and resilience (适应力). One person commented, “If I’m ever ____33____ enough to reach my 9th decade, I hope I can be as ____34____ as this woman. Her wisdom is truly admirable and ____35____. 21. A. chosen B. ignored C. impacted D. defended 22. A. dreams B. hobbies C. friends D. belongings 23. A. Sadly B. Fortunately C. Suddenly D. Generally 24. A. escape B. return C. hide D. stay 25. A. gain B. error C. progress D. loss 26. A. reflect B. concentrate C. remark D. operate 27. A. tidy B. sell C. rebuild D. decorate 28. A. waste B. save C. risk D. enjoy 29. A. determined B. hesitated C. pretended D. declined 30. A. floods B. earthquakes C. wildfires D. storms 31. A. mixed B. positive C. strange D. critical 32. A. demand B. seek C. admiration D. curiosity 33. A. fortunate B. courageous C. wealthy D. wise 34. A. weak-willed B. level-headed C. cold-blooded D. narrow-minded 35. A. common B. puzzling C. unrealistic D. encouraging 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Percy Shelley, an English poet, was born on August 4th, 1792. He is ___36___(wide) known as one of the most important ___37___(figure) of the Romantic Movement in English literature. Shelley received early education at home and later and ___38___(admit) to Eton College at the age of 12, which has a long history of more than 500 years, ___39___(date) back to the 15th century. Then he attended Oxford University shortly after he turned 18. As ___40___ romantic poet, some of his poems, like Ode to the West Wind and Ode to A Skylark, are among the most famous poems in English. ___41___, in his own time, Shelley was very unpopular for his political and ___42___(religion) views. Fortunately, he successively(先后地，连续地) met Byron and Keats and befriended with them during his tour around Europe after he married Mary Godwin, his second wife, ___43___ later became famous as Mary Shelley, the author of the novel Frankenstein. About a month before his 30th birthday, Shelley went to Leghorn___44___(welcome) his friend Leigh Hunt. During the stormy return voyage, his small boat sank and he drowned. It was his body____45____wasn’t washed ashore until days later . 第三节 用所给词的适当形式填空（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分） 46. When deeply ________ (absorb) in work, as he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping. （所给词的适当形式填空） 47. The weather forecast turned out to be ________ (accurate), as it failed to predict the sudden rainstorm. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. He is an excellent student, actively ________ (participate) in all kinds of social activities. (所给词的适当形式填空) 49. Faced with the two apparently ________(contradict) statements, I was at a loss what to do next. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. The schools that I visit in Nottingham are full of experienced staff ________ (commit) to giving our children a caring and inspiring learning experience. (所给词的适当形式填空) 51. When asked about the cause of the accident, the man in charge said it ________(investigate). (所给词的适当形式填空) 52. The audience burst into thunderous ________ (applaud) when they watched the wonderful performances. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. She became the first black woman _________(elect) to the Senate. (所给词的适当形式填空) 54. Out of ________ (curious), the fellow followed the celebrity secretly for a while. (所给词的适当形式填空) 55. The self-driving car can ________(automatic) detect and respond to traffic signals and road conditions. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四节 根据要求翻译句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 56. 你越努力，你离你梦想就越近。（the+比较级，the+比较级）(汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 57. 沐浴在阳光下，我们不仅接近了大自然，还体验了劳动的乐趣。（倒装句）(汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 58. 他没有向我们透露他的计划，这使得我们整天都很焦虑。（reveal； anxious）(汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 59. 人们一致认为环境污染已经成为人们面临的最严重的问题之一。(It is recognized that...) （汉译英） 60. 我认为在会议上提出这个建议没有意义。（put forward过去分词短语作后置定语）(汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 第四部分 书面表达（满分25分） 61. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 Honesty is a vital quality of human behavior and always regarded as a virtue.Every time people refer to the topic, I would recall an unforgettable experience which had a deep impact on my growth. I was 16 when one morning, Dad told me I could drive him to Mijas, a town 18 miles away and then take the car in a nearby garage to get it serviced.At that time,I had just passed the driving test, and I hardly had a chance to use the car, so I said yes without hesitation. I drove my father to Mijas,promising to pick him up again at 4 pm, then I went to a nearby garage,and put the car in there. Since I had several hours to spare, I decided to go to a movie theater near the garage to see a movie. However, I was so absorbed in the plot of the movie that l forgot the time. When the last movie finished, I looked at my watch:6 pm.I was two hours late! I thought my father would be very angry if he knew what I was doing. And he would never let me drive again. So I decided to make up an excuse. Then, I drove to the appointed place,my father was sitting in a corner, waiting patiently. I first apologized for being late, then told him that I wanted to get there as soon as possible, but that something was wrong with some of the main parts of the car. I would never forget the way he looked at me. “ I'm very disappointed that you thought you had to lie to me, Jason.” My father looked at me again and said, “When you didn’t show up on time, I called the gas station and asked if there was anything wrong. They told me you never picked up the car. So, you see, I know there's nothing wrong with the car at all.” Paragraph 1 A wave of guilt swept over me. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2 ＂I'm going to walk home now and think where I have gone wrong all these years"father said to me. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 无锡市青山高级中学 2025年秋学期高二英语期中考试试卷 2025年11月 第一部分 听力（共两小节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is David doing? A. Giving suggestions. B. Asking for information. C. Sharing volunteer experience. 2. Why does the man feel sorry? A. He failed an exam. B. He made a mistake at work. C. He wasn’t able to help Jane. 3. What is the woman worried about? A. Too many participants will attend the conference. B. They can’t afford to rent a conference room. C. No one will clean up the dining room. 4. How much does the man pay for a haircut at the salon? A. $15. B. $20. C. $35. 5. What is the probable relationship between Joe and Mary? A. Friends. B. Brother and sister. C. Husband and wife. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6、7小题。 6. What did the man do? A. He went to the hospital. B. He visited an exhibition. C. He received special training. 7. What is Amy? A. A student. B. A doctor. C. A coach. 听下面一段对话，回答第8、9题。 8. Why does the man talk to Ms. Chen? A. To schedule a meeting. B. To seek business cooperation. C. To promote eco-friendly products. 9. When will the speakers discuss the details further? A. On Tuesday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday. 听下面一段对话，回答第10至13题。 10. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At school. B. In a hospital. C. In a restaurant. 11. Which of the following symptoms does Michael have? A. He coughs a lot. B. His chest hurts. C. He has a runny nose. 12. What will Michael do tomorrow? A. Take some medical tests. B. Have a cooking class. C. Call Mrs. Smith. 13 What does Mrs. Smith remind Michael of? A. The homework he needs to do. B. The fatty food he ate. C. The email he’ll check. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至17题。 14. How does James look to the woman? A. Excited. B. Nervous. C. Tired. 15. Who is Mr. Thompson? A. James’ father. B. James’ colleague. C. James’ teacher. 16. What does the woman often do on Sunday afternoons? A. Play video games. B. Do some sports. C. Watch movies. 17. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. How to manage screen time. B. How to improve-sleep quality C. How to increase learning efficiency. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至20题。 18. What makes Wang Fang’s cakes unique? A. Its taste. B. Its shape. C. Its ingredients 19. When did Wang Fang begin to work in the technology company? A. In 2014. B. In 2018. C. In 2022. 20. What does Wang Fang value most about her present job? A. Good teamwork. B. The high reputation. C. A sense of satisfaction 第二部分 阅读理解50分（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Community Science Learn about community science programs and events in the Golden Gate National Recreation Area & Mt. Tam. About Our Community Science Programs The Parks Conservancy’s community science programs combine landscape-scale science with community engagement. Community members participate in large-scale studies to list and monitor species and ecosystems in the parks, helping to fill gaps in our knowledge about our local environment. These programs are also an opportunity for volunteers to learn new skills and to connect to local public lands through participation in science. Programs include: *Golden Gate Raptor Observatory — a program of the Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy in cooperation with the National Park Service to inspire the preservation of California raptor populations. *Marin Wildlife Watch — a mountain-wide study using motion-activated cameras to monitor mammal populations. *Tamalpais Bee Lab — an inventory of wild bees on public lands throughout Marin County. *California Giant Salamander Inventory — documenting this mysterious species’ population through crowd-sourced data. All the work is done in partnership with our agency partners, academic institutions, and nonprofit conservation organizations. When you participate in one of our programs, you get to learn new skills and contribute to these important bodies of knowledge about the world. How to participate & Contact Us You can learn more about our approach to community science and submit an application on https://www.onetam.org. 1. What is the aim of Community Science? A. To protect natural landscape. B. To teach volunteers new skills. C. To observe species and enrich the data. D. To connect with conservation organizations. 2. What program will insect-lovers prefer? A. Tamalpais Bee Lab. B. Marin Wildlife Watch. C. Golden Gate Raptor Observatory. D. California Giant Salamander Inventory. 3. How can volunteers apply for Community Science? A. By mailing application letters. B. By visiting the official website. C. By visiting the Parks Conservancy. D. By attending an interview with agents. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了金门国家娱乐区及塔玛山的社区科学项目，包括项目目标、具体内容（猛禽观测、野生动物监测等）及志愿者参与方式，旨在吸引公众参与生态研究。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据About Our Community Science Programs中“The Parks Conservancy’s community science programs combine landscape-scale science with community engagement. Community members participate in large-scale studies to list and monitor species and ecosystems in the parks, helping to fill gaps in our knowledge about our local environment.( 公园保护协会的社区科学项目将景观科学与社区参与相结合。社区成员参与了大规模的研究，以列出和监测公园内的物种和生态系统，帮助填补我们对当地环境知识的空白。)”可知，社区科学的目的是观察物种和丰富数据。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Tamalpais Bee Lab中“an inventory of wild bees on public lands throughout Marin County.( 马林县公共土地上的野生蜜蜂清单。)”可知，文中“Tamalpais Bee Lab” 明确说明是“对马林县公共土地上的野生蜜蜂进行清点”，蜜蜂属于昆虫，由此可知，昆虫爱好者会偏好Tamalpais Bee Lab这个项目。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据How to participate & Contact Us中“You can learn more about our approach to community science and submit an application on https://www.onetam.org.( 你可以了解更多关于我们社区科学的方法，并在https://www.onetam.org上提交申请。)”可知，志愿者可以通过访问官网申请社区科学项目。故选B项。 Katalin Karikó along with her colleague Drew Weissman won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2023 for the development of messenger RNA (mRNA) technology. Karikó was born in January 1955, in a small village in Hungary. She had an ambition from early on to become a scientist. As a young adult, she became interested in mRNA, which carries DNA instructions to the protein-making engine of cells. She hoped that mRNA could play a key role in the treatment of various diseases. It became her mission to make her dream a reality to help cure patients. However, Karikó faced a shortage of money for her research in her country, and she then faced the choice of stop ping and doing something not connected to her mission or continuing her research at the price of having to leave her country. After searching for posts and scholarships worldwide, Karikó accepted an offer from Temple University in Philadelphia for a postdoctoral fellowship. Karikó and her husband gave up everything they had in their homeland and bought a one-way ticket to the U. S., where they knew no one. She was aware of the risks but didn’t feel discouraged. As she put it in an award acceptance speech, “Follow your dreams and don’t hesitate to learn anything from anyone.” She was initially on track to become a full professor but received repeated fund rejections. Undeterred by the problems and challenges, she chose to continue her research. By focusing on what mattered to her every day, she “accidentally” met her work partner Drew Weissman who was also interested in mRNA. They teamed up to work on mRNA and published papers about their groundbreaking discovery for years. Then the pandemic hit the world. The changed mRNA technology Karikó and Weissman invented was then used in vaccines that prevented the infection effectively. Karikó’s life is a testament to finding one’s passion and then pursuing it every single day. Many of us know what we are fond of, but we are not good self-motivators on a daily basis. 4. What can we learn about Karikó from paragraph 2? A. She had a clear sense of purpose. B. She was poor when she was young. C She was hesitant to leave her country. D. She longed to be a doctor to cure patients. 5. What does the underlined part “Undeterred by” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Being afraid of. B. Not motivated by. C. Being unaware of. D. Not discouraged by. 6. What is probably the main contribution of Karikó? A. Simplifying the mRNA technology. B. Making the structure of mRNA clear. C. Laying the foundation for mRNA vaccines. D. Developing a vaccine for a serious disease. 7. What can we learn from Karikó’s success? A. Every minute counts. B. Two heads are better than one. C. Where there’s a will, there’s a way. D. Necessity is the mother of invention. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了科学家Katalin Kariku的个人经历以及对梦想不懈追求，最终取得成功。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“She had an ambition from early on to become a scientist. As a young adult, she became interested in mRNA, which carries DNA instructions to the protein-making engine of cells. She hoped that mRNA could play a key role in the treatment of various diseases. It became her mission to make her dream a reality to help cure patients. (她从小就立志要成为一名科学家。作为一个年轻的成年人，她开始对mRNA感兴趣，它携带DNA指令到细胞的蛋白质制造引擎。她希望mRNA能够在各种疾病的治疗中发挥关键作用。帮助治愈病人成为了她的使命。)”可知，卡里库有明确的目标感。故选A。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“She was initially on track to become a full professor but received repeated fund rejections. (她最初有望成为一名正教授，但一再遭到基金拒绝。)”以及后文“the problems and challenges, she chose to continue her research”可知，她一再被基金拒绝，但是没有因为问题和挑战而气馁，选择继续她的研究。故划线词意思是“不气馁”。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“They teamed up to work on mRNA and published papers about their groundbreaking discovery for years. Then the pandemic hit the world. The changed mRNA technology Karikó and Weissman invented was then used in vaccines that prevented the infection effectively. (他们合作研究mRNA，并发表了多年关于这一突破性发现的论文。然后，大流行袭击了世界。Kariku和Weissman发明的改变后的mRNA技术随后被用于有效预防感染的疫苗。)”可知，卡里库的主要贡献是为mRNA疫苗奠定基础。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Karikó’s life is a testament to finding one’s passion and then pursuing it every single day. Many of us know what we are fond of, but we are not good self-motivators on a daily basis. (卡里库的一生证明了找到自己的激情，然后每一天都在追求它。我们中的许多人都知道自己喜欢什么，但在日常生活中，我们并不善于自我激励。)”可知，卡里库的成功告诉我们有志者，事竟成。故选C。 The idea that too much screen time and digital dependence might harm our cognitive abilities — often called “digital dementia (痴呆)” — has been debated since psychiatrist Manfred Spitzer coined the term in 2012. Critics argue that outsourcing memory (like relying on smartphones for contact details) and passive media consumption, such as endless scrolling, could weaken mental sharpness. But is this really true, especially for older adults who have witnessed the digital revolution firsthand? A major 2024 study published in Nature Human Behaviour analyzed data from over 411,000 adults aged 50 and above. Surprisingly, it found that regular use of computers, smartphones, and the Internet was associated with a 58% lower risk of cognitive decline — a stronger protective effect than even physical exercise or maintaining healthy blood pressure. This doesn’t mean technology directly prevents dementia, but it suggests that staying digitally engaged may help keep the brain active. Learning new apps, resolving tech issues, and even online socializing could function like mental workouts, strengthening cognitive resilience (恢复力). In fact, technology aids instead of harming because it offers men tal stimulation, enhances social connection, and boosts independence via problem-solving.’ While this study is a relief, not all tech use is equal in its effects. Passive activities, like binge watching TV, may not offer the same benefits as interactive tasks, such as video calls or online learning. Additionally, too much screen time in younger people has been linked to attention problems and poor sleep — which could have long-term effects. As AI and brain-computer interfaces advance, older adults may gain even more tools to support cognition, from memory aids to virtual social companions. However, balance remains key. The best approach? Use technology actively — learn, connect, and problem-solve — rather than just consume. For now, older adults shouldn’t fear “digital dementia.” Instead, thoughtful tech use might be one of the best ways to keep their minds sharp in the digital age. 8. What does the 2024 study reveal about “digital dementia” compared with the popular idea? A. It draws a contrary conclusion. B. It agrees with Manfred Spitzer’ theory. C. It only occurs in older adults. D. It equals the effect of physical workouts. 9. Why can active digital use reduce the risk of cognitive decline? A. It can prolong our life. B. It can activate our brain. C. It can solve tricky issues. D. It can enhance our ability. 10. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. Reliability of the new study. B. Negative effects on the young. C. Downsides of passive tech use. D. Contrast between two tech uses. 11. What does the author suggest the elderly do in the last two paragraphs? A. Relieve their fear quickly. B. Get more tools to sharpen cognition. C. Consume technology simply. D. Make considered use of modern tech. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨“数字痴呆症”说法，研究表明老年人合理使用数字技术有益认知。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The idea that too much screen time and digital dependence might harm our cognitive abilities — often called “digital dementia (痴呆)” — has been debated since psychiatrist Manfred Spitzer coined the term in 2012.(自精神病学家曼弗雷德·斯皮策2012年提出“数字痴呆症”这一术语以来，关于过多的屏幕时间和数字依赖可能损害我们认知能力的观点就一直存在争议。)”以及第二段中的“A major 2024 study published in Nature Human Behaviour analyzed data from over 411,000 adults aged 50 and above. Surprisingly, it found that regular use of computers, smartphones, and the Internet was associated with a 58% lower risk of cognitive decline — a stronger protective effect than even physical exercise or maintaining healthy blood pressure.(2024年发表在《自然·人类行为》上的一项重大研究分析了41.1万多名50岁及以上成年人的数据。令人惊讶的是，研究发现，经常使用电脑、智能手机和互联网与认知能力下降风险降低58%相关——这种保护作用甚至比体育锻炼或保持健康血压更强。)”可知，2024年的研究与普遍认为的“数字痴呆症”观点结论相反。故选A项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This doesn’t mean technology directly prevents dementia, but it suggests that staying digitally engaged may help keep the brain active. Learning new apps, resolving tech issues, and even online socializing could function like mental workouts, strengthening cognitive resilience (恢复力).(这并不意味着技术能直接预防痴呆症，但它表明，保持数字参与可能有助于保持大脑活跃。学习新应用程序、解决技术问题，甚至在线社交都可以像脑力锻炼一样，增强认知恢复力。)”可知，积极使用数字技术能降低认知能力下降风险是因为它能激活我们的大脑。故选B项。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“While this study is a relief, not all tech use is equal in its effects. Passive activities, like binge watching TV, may not offer the same benefits as interactive tasks, such as video calls or online learning.(虽然这项研究让人松了一口气，但并非所有的技术使用都有相同的效果。被动活动，比如疯狂看电视，可能不会提供与互动任务相同的好处，如视频通话或在线学习。)”可知，第四段主要讲的是被动使用技术的缺点。故选C项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“However, balance remains key. The best approach? Use technology actively — learn, connect, and problem-solve — rather than just consume.(然而，平衡仍然是关键。最好的方法是什么？积极使用技术——学习、联系和解决问题——而不仅仅是消费。)”以及最后一段中的“For now, older adults shouldn’t fear “digital dementia.” Instead, thoughtful tech use might be one of the best ways to keep their minds sharp in the digital age.(目前，老年人不应该害怕“数字痴呆症”。相反，在数字时代，深思熟虑地使用技术可能是保持思维敏锐的最佳方式之一。)”可知，作者建议老年人合理使用现代技术。故选D项。 Forget to bring your charger? What if your clothing could generate electricity from the heat your body naturally produces? This futuristic concept is becoming a reality. Scientists at Chalmers University and Linköping University in Sweden have developed a new yarn (纱线) that can generate electricity from body heat, using a polymer coating (聚合物涂层) applied to ordinary silk yarn. The principle is the thermoelectric effect (热电效应), where temperature differences between the human body and its surrounding environment create electrical energy. As the human body produces constant heat, the warmer side of the thermoelectric material transfers electrons to the colder side, generating an electrical current. “The polymers that we use are bendable, lightweight and easy to use in both liquid and solid form. They are also harmless,” says study first author Mariavittoria Craighero. Unlike previous attempts at creating thermoelectric textiles, this breakthrough solves a long-standing problem: the lack of air-stable polymers. “The new type of polymer has outstanding performance stability in contact with air while at the same time having a very good ability to conduct electricity. By using polymers, we don't need any rare earth metals, which are common in electronics,” explains Craighero. The new thermoelectric yarn could power sensors in clothing to monitor vital signs like heart rate and body temperature without needing battery changes or recharging. Beyond healthcare, it could enable lowpower functions in smart clothing, such as environmental sensing and location tracking. As power conversion efficiency improves, more power-demanding features can be supported. While the new polymers mark a major step forward in thermoelectric textiles, it's important to note that the temperature differences in lab tests are much higher than those typically experienced in everyday clothing. As a result, real-world performance may be lower. Moreover, the yarn generates only 0. 67 microwatts at a 70-degree temperature difference, which is far too little to charge devices like smartphones. The manufacturing process is also time-consuming, requiring four days of manual work to create one piece, making it impractical for large-scale commercial production. 12. How does the new approach generate electricity? A. By recycling the flow of air. B. By absorbing the energy of sunlight. C. By heating the surrounding environment. D. By making use of temperature differences. 13. What advantage do the new polymers have over previous materials? A. Lower costs. B. Greater safety. C. Higher stability. D. Less weight. 14. What can we learn about the new yarn from paragraph 5? A. It needs to be charged regularly. B. It has broad application prospects. C. It is designed for medical treatment. D. It will be launched into the market soon. 15. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. The limitations of putting the polymers into practical use. B. The standard of producing the new textile. C. The potential of the polymers in powering devices. D. The follow-up test plan of scientists. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了能够利用温差产生电能的新型聚合物，可用于丝线。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“The principle is the thermoelectric effect (热电效应), where temperature differences between the human body and its surrounding environment create electrical energy. (原理是热电效应，这一原理下人体与其周围环境之间的温差产生电能)”可知，这一新产电方法是利用了温差。故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Unlike previous attempts at creating thermoelectric textiles, this breakthrough solves a long-standing problem: the lack of air-stable polymers. (与之前制造热电纺织品的尝试不同，这一突破解决了一个长期存在的问题：缺乏空气稳定的聚合物)”可知，这一新的尝试解决了一个长期存在的问题，即缺乏空气稳定的聚合物，也就是说这一新的尝试，得出来的聚合物更加稳定，同样，第四段第一句“The new type of polymer has outstanding performance stability in contact with air while at the same time having a very good ability to conduct electricity. (这种新型聚合物在与空气接触时具有出色的性能稳定性，同时具有非常好的导电能力)”也指出这种聚合物的稳定性好，导电能力强。故选C项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“The new thermoelectric yarn could power sensors in clothing to monitor vital signs like heart rate and body temperature without needing battery changes or recharging. Beyond healthcare, it could enable lowpower functions in smart clothing, such as environmental sensing and location tracking. As power conversion efficiency improves, more power-demanding features can be supported. (这种新型热电纱线可以为服装中的传感器供电，以监测心率和体温等生命体征，而无需更换电池或充电。除了医疗保健，它还可以在智能服装中实现低功耗功能，如环境传感和位置跟踪。随着功率转换效率的提高，可以支持更多需要功率的功能)”可知，这种新型热电纱线可以用于服装，医疗等等领域，这体现出的是它的用途广泛，即应用前景广。故选B项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“While the new polymers mark a major step forward in thermoelectric textiles, it's important to note that the temperature differences in lab tests are much higher than those typically experienced in everyday clothing. As a result, real-world performance may be lower. Moreover, the yarn generates only 0. 67 microwatts at a 70-degree temperature difference, which is far too little to charge devices like smartphones. The manufacturing process is also time-consuming, requiring four days of manual work to create one piece, making it impractical for large-scale commercial production.(虽然这种新型聚合物标志着热电纺织品向前迈出了一大步，但值得注意的是，实验室测试中的温差远高于日常服装中的温差。因此，现实世界的性能可能会更低。此外，在70度温差下，纱线仅产生0.67微瓦，这对于智能手机等设备充电来说太小了。制造过程也很耗时，需要四天才能手工制作一件，这使得大规模商业生产不切实际)”可知，实验室测试中的温差在现实世界的性能会更低，产生的功率很低，且费时多，换言之，这一段呈现出来的是这种聚合物要投入实际生产使用所面临的缺陷短板。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We’ve all been there — you’ve sent a message and it’s marked “read”, but you haven’t heard anything back. What’s the deal? While being left on read (已读不回) can be confusing, it’s also pretty common. _____16_____ Here are a few tips. Expect the best. Remind yourself that the person is probably just busy. Ask yourself if you actually know their schedule. There could be some time commitments you aren’t aware of. Here are a few other reasons for a delayed response. _____17_____ They put their phone away to focus on work or school. They accidentally forgot to reply. Maybe they thought about what they wanted to say but didn’t actually text it. Resist the temptation (诱惑) to double-text. _____18_____ If you send a lot of follow-up texts, it’ll be hard for them to keep up and they might get stressed. Leave them with just one text to catch up on — the other person will probably appreciate your patience. Read over your previous messages. See if there are any confusing texts that you need to clarify. It’s okay if you review your message again and notice that it might have been a little unclear — it happens! _____19_____ _____20_____ Keep it out of sight and get some peace of mind. Don’t let it upset or confuse you. If you get your mind off any notifications, you’ll be able to brainstorm new ways to spend your time. A. Put your phone away. B Pay full attention to the text replies. C. Offer them some time and opportunity to answer.​ D. They want to give you a longer reply but can’t do it right now. E. Ask yourself why being left on “read” frustrates or confuses you. F. You can prevent this situation from troubling you before getting a reply. G. You may feel better if you find a message that could be misunderstood.​ 【答案】16. F 17. D 18. C 19. G 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当别人阅读你的信息后，不回复你时，要学会心平气和地面对，不要让社交软件影响到你的生活。 【16题详解】 根据后文“Here are a few tips. (这里有一些建议。)”以及前文“it’s also pretty common. (这种情况很常见。)”可知，空处应该是承上启下说明可以应用这些建议避免被影响，所以F项“在收到回复之前，您可以避免这种情况困扰您。”符合文意。故选F项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Here are a few other reasons for a delayed response. (以下是延迟响应的其他一些原因。)”以及下文“They put their phone away to focus on work or school. They accidentally forgot to reply. Maybe they thought about what they wanted to say but didn’t actually text it. (他们把手机收起来，专注于工作或学习。他们不小心忘了回复。也许他们想到了他们想说什么，但实际上并没有发短信。)”可知，空处是延迟响应的可能原因，与D项“他们想给你更长的回复，但现在不能。”上下文一致，符合文意。故选D项。 【18题详解】 根据前文“Resist the temptation to double- text. (不要信息轰炸对方。)”以及后文“If you send a lot of follow-up texts, it’ll be hard for them to keep up and they might get stressed. Leave them with just one text to catch up on — the other person will probably appreciate your patience. (如果你频繁发送后续消息，对方可能会难以跟上进度，甚至会感到压力重重。最好只给他们发一条消息让他们了解最新情况即可——这样对方可能会感激你的耐心。)”可知，本段讲述不要一直给对方发信息，要给对方一些时间，让他们跟上你的信息，所以C项“给他们一点时间，让他们有机会回答。”符合文意。故选C项。 【19题详解】 根据段首句“Read over your previous messages. (阅读你之前的信息。)”以及上文“See if there are any confusing texts that you need to clarify. It’s okay if you review your message again and notice that it might have been a little unclear — it happens! (看看是否有什么令人困惑的文本需要澄清。如果你再次查看你的信息，并注意到它可能有点不清楚，这是没有关系的——这种情况发生了!)可知，再次查看信息可能会发现一些被误读的东西，与G项“当你发现了一些容易被误读的东西，可能会感觉好多了。”上下文一致，符合文意。故选G项。 【20题详解】 根据下句“Keep it out of sight and get some peace of mind. (把它放在你看不到的地方，让你的内心平静下来。)”以及后文“Don’t let it upset or confuse you. If you get your mind off any notifications, you’ll be able to brainstorm new ways to spend your time. (不要让它困扰或迷惑你。如果你不去想任何通知，你就能头脑风暴出新的打发时间的方法。)”可知，本段主题是把手机放到一边，眼不见，心不烦。与其纠结为什么会被“已读不回”，不如放下手机，做些更有意义的事。所以A项“把手机收起来。”起到概括作用，符合文意。故选A项。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共四节，满分45分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In Los Angeles, wildfires have destroyed countless homes in just a few days. Ruth, a nearly 90-year-old woman from Altadena, was one of the many ____21____ According to her granddaughter, Caroline Cubero, Ruth lost her home and all her ____22____ including two rental properties that were her main sources of income. ____23____, Ruth and her beloved dog managed to ____24____ just in time. Despite the huge ____25____, Ruth gained a new outlook on life. She planned to ____26____ less on material things and more on people and experiences. Caroline shared Ruth’s story in a video, in which Ruth expressed her determination to ____27____ her home and community. She said she didn’t expect to live much longer as she would turn 90 next month, but she was inspired to live and ____28____ life. Caroline and her family ____29____ to provide financial support for Ruth and her aunt, who also lost everything in the ____30____. The video has received many ____31____ reactions, with people expressing ____32____ for Ruth’s wisdom and resilience (适应力). One person commented, “If I’m ever ____33____ enough to reach my 9th decade, I hope I can be as ____34____ as this woman. Her wisdom is truly admirable and ____35____. 21. A. chosen B. ignored C. impacted D. defended 22. A. dreams B. hobbies C. friends D. belongings 23. A. Sadly B. Fortunately C. Suddenly D. Generally 24. A. escape B. return C. hide D. stay 25. A. gain B. error C. progress D. loss 26. A. reflect B. concentrate C. remark D. operate 27. A. tidy B. sell C. rebuild D. decorate 28. A. waste B. save C. risk D. enjoy 29. A. determined B. hesitated C. pretended D. declined 30. A. floods B. earthquakes C. wildfires D. storms 31. A. mixed B. positive C. strange D. critical 32. A. demand B. seek C. admiration D. curiosity 33. A. fortunate B. courageous C. wealthy D. wise 34. A. weak-willed B. level-headed C. cold-blooded D. narrow-minded 35. A. common B. puzzling C. unrealistic D. encouraging 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述洛杉矶山火中近90岁的露丝失去家园却积极面对生活，其故事引发他人赞赏的经历。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：来自阿尔塔迪纳、近90岁的露丝是众多受影响的人之一。A. chosen被选中的；B. ignored被忽视的；C. impacted受影响的；D. defended被保护的。根据前文“wildfires have destroyed countless homes”及后文“Ruth lost her home”可知，山火摧毁无数家园，露丝也失去住所，是受山火影响的人之一。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：据她的孙女卡罗琳·库贝罗说，露丝失去了家园和所有财产，包括两处作为她主要收入来源的出租房产。A. dreams梦想；B. hobbies爱好；C. friends朋友；D. belongings财产。根据后文的“including two rental properties that were her main sources of income.”可知，露丝失去了家以及包括出租房产在内的所有财产。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，露丝和她心爱的狗及时逃了出来。A. Sadly悲伤地；B. Fortunately幸运地；C. Suddenly突然地；D. Generally通常地。根据后文“Ruth and her beloved dog managed to __4__ just in time”可知，露丝和她的狗及时逃了出来，这是幸运的事情。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，露丝和她心爱的狗及时逃了出来。A. escape逃离；B. return返回；C. hide隐藏；D. stay停留。根据前文“wildfires have destroyed countless homes”及后文的“just in time”可知，在山火中露丝和狗及时逃离险境。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管损失惨重，露丝却对生活有了新的看法。A. gain获得；B. error错误；C. progress进步；D. loss损失。根据前文“lost her home and all her belongings”可知，露丝失去了很多，损失惨重。故选D项。 26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她计划少关注物质，多关注人和经历。A. reflect反思；B. concentrate集中（注意力），专心于；C. remark评论；D. operate操作。根据后文“less on material things and more on people and experiences”可知，露丝决定少关注物质，多关注人和经历。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡罗琳在一段视频中分享了Ruth的故事，视频中露丝表达了重建家园和社区的决心。A. tidy整理；B. sell出售；C. rebuild重建；D. decorate装饰。根据前文“Ruth lost her home”可知，露丝失去了家，所以她需要重建家园。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说自己下个月就90岁了，没指望能活多久，但她受到鼓舞，想要活下去并享受生活。A. waste浪费；B. save拯救；C. risk冒险；D. enjoy享受。根据前文“Ruth gained a new outlook on life”可知，露丝对生活有了新的看法，她决定享受生活。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡罗琳和她的家人决定为露丝和她的姨妈提供经济支持，露丝的姨妈也在这场山火中失去了一切。A. determined决定；B. hesitated犹豫；C. pretended假装；D. declined拒绝。根据后文“to provide financial support for Ruth and her aunt”可知，卡罗琳和她的家人决定为露丝和她的姨妈提供经济支持。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：卡罗琳和她的家人决定为露丝和她的姨妈提供经济支持，露丝的姨妈也在这场山火中失去了一切。A. floods洪水；B. earthquakes地震；C. wildfires山火；D. storms暴风雨。根据文章开头“wildfires have destroyed countless homes in just a few days”可知，是野火摧毁了无数家园，所以露丝的姨妈也在野火中失去了一切。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这段视频得到了很多积极的反响，人们对露丝的智慧和适应力表达了赞赏。A. mixed混合的；B. positive积极的；C. strange奇怪的；D. critical批评的。根据后文“with people expressing ____12____ for Ruth’s wisdom and resilience”可知，人们对露丝的智慧和适应力表示钦佩，所以视频收到了许多积极的反应。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这段视频得到了很多积极的反响，人们对露丝的智慧和适应力表达了赞赏。A. demand要求；B. seek寻求；C. admiration赞赏；D. curiosity好奇心。根据后文“Her wisdom is truly admirable”可知，人们赞赏露丝的智慧和适应力，“express admiration for”表示“对……表达赞赏”。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有人评论道：“如果我足够幸运能活到90岁，我希望自己能像这位女士一样冷静。”A. fortunate幸运的；B. courageous勇敢的；C. wealthy富有的；D. wise明智的。结合语境，再根据后文“to reach my 9th decade”可推知，此处指评论者认为能活到90岁是一件幸运的事。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词短语辨析。句意：有人评论道：“如果我足够幸运能活到90岁，我希望自己能像这位女士一样冷静。”A. weak-willed意志薄弱的；B. level-headed冷静的，头脑清醒的；C. cold-blooded冷血的；D. narrow-minded心胸狭窄的。根据前文“for Ruth’s wisdom and resilience (适应力)”可知，露丝在失去家园和所有财物后，依然坚强乐观，决定重建家园并享受生活，这显示出她头脑冷静，能理智地面对困境。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的智慧确实令人钦佩，也令人鼓舞。A. common普通的；B. puzzling令人困惑的；C. unrealistic不切实际的；D. encouraging令人鼓舞的。根据前文“The video has received many_____11_____reactions, with people expressing ____12_____ for Ruth’s wisdom and resilience (适应力).”可知，露丝在困境中所表现的坚强乐观，得到了人们的钦佩，她的智慧是鼓舞人心的。故选D项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Percy Shelley, an English poet, was born on August 4th, 1792. He is ___36___(wide) known as one of the most important ___37___(figure) of the Romantic Movement in English literature. Shelley received early education at home and later and ___38___(admit) to Eton College at the age of 12, which has a long history of more than 500 years, ___39___(date) back to the 15th century. Then he attended Oxford University shortly after he turned 18. As ___40___ romantic poet, some of his poems, like Ode to the West Wind and Ode to A Skylark, are among the most famous poems in English. ___41___, in his own time, Shelley was very unpopular for his political and ___42___(religion) views. Fortunately, he successively(先后地，连续地) met Byron and Keats and befriended with them during his tour around Europe after he married Mary Godwin, his second wife, ___43___ later became famous as Mary Shelley, the author of the novel Frankenstein. About a month before his 30th birthday, Shelley went to Leghorn___44___(welcome) his friend Leigh Hunt. During the stormy return voyage, his small boat sank and he drowned. It was his body____45____wasn’t washed ashore until days later . 【答案】36. widely 37. figures 38. was admitted 39. dating 40. a 41. However 42. religious 43. who 44. to welcome 45. that 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是英国诗人珀西·雪莱的生平。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：他被公认为英国文学浪漫主义运动的重要人物之一。空格处用副词修饰形容词known，wide的副词为widely，意为“广泛地”，故填widely。 【37题详解】 考查名词的复数。句意：他被公认为英国文学浪漫主义运动的重要人物之一。one of后跟名词的复数，即figures，故填figures。 【38题详解】 考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：雪莱在家中接受了早期教育，12岁时考入伊顿公学。伊顿公学已有500多年的历史，可以追溯到15世纪。Eton College是伊顿公学，是大学，“被大学录取”为固定短语be admitted to，主语Shelley是单数，由at the age of 12可知，时态用一般过去时，因此空格处为一般过去时的被动语态was admitted。故填was admitted。 【39题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：雪莱在家中接受了早期教育，12岁时考入伊顿公学。伊顿公学已有500多年的历史，可以追溯到15世纪。句中谓语为received early education at home and later and ___3___(admit) to Eton College at the age of 12，空格处用非谓语形式，date的逻辑主语Eton College与date之间为主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，作后置定语， 故填dating。 【40题详解】 考查不定冠词。句意：作为一个浪漫主义诗人，他的一些诗，如《西风颂》和《云雀颂》，是最著名的英文诗。poet是可数名词，此处表泛指，前面需加不定冠词，romantic为辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。 【41题详解】 考查连词。句意：然而，在他自己的时代，雪莱的政治和宗教观点非常不受欢迎。根据前面的the most famous poems和was very unpopular可知，前后两句为转折关系，因此空格处用表示转折的连词however，位于句首，首字母大写，故填However。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：然而，在他自己的时代，雪莱的政治和宗教观点非常不受欢迎。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词views，religion的形容词为religious， 意为“宗教的”， 故填religious。 【43题详解】 考查定语从句的引导词。句意：幸运的是，他在与第二任妻子玛丽·戈德温(后来以小说《弗兰肯斯坦》的作者玛丽·雪莱而闻名)周游欧洲后，接连遇到了拜伦和济慈，并与他们成为朋友。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词Mary Godwin, his second wife指人，因此空格处用关系代词who，故填who。 【44题详解】 考查不定式。句意：大约在他30岁生日的前一个月，雪莱去里窝那欢迎他的朋友利·亨特。由Shelley went to Leghorn___9___(welcome) his friend Leigh Hunt可知，空格处用不定式表目的，故填to welcome。 【45题详解】 考查强调句。句意：他的尸体几天后才被冲上岸。根据It was和句意可知，句子为强调句，其结构为it is/was+被强调的部分+who/that+其他部分，句中被强调的部分his body，是物，因此空格处用that，故填that。 第三节 用所给词的适当形式填空（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分） 46. When deeply ________ (absorb) in work, as he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】absorbed 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：当他全神贯注地工作时，就像他经常做的那样，他会忘记吃饭和睡觉。当时间状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，且有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语及be动词，本句完整句子为When he was deeply absorbed in work, as he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.省略he was，保留absorbed。故填absorbed。 47. The weather forecast turned out to be ________ (accurate), as it failed to predict the sudden rainstorm. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】inaccurate 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：天气预报结果不准确，因为它未能预测到突然而至的暴雨。根据句意，天气预报没有预测到暴雨，所以它的预测结果是不准确的，accurate是形容词，意思是“准确的”，将它变成反义词inaccurate，符合题意。故答案是inaccurate。 48. He is an excellent student, actively ________ (participate) in all kinds of social activities. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】participating 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他是一名优秀学生，积极参加各种社会活动。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，participate in“参加，参与”和He逻辑上是主动关系，因此用participate的现在分词形式，作状语。故填participating。 49. Faced with the two apparently ________(contradict) statements, I was at a loss what to do next. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】contradictory 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：面对这两种明显矛盾的说法，我不知下一步该怎么办。此处用形容词contradictory作定语，修饰名词statements。故填contradictory。 50. The schools that I visit in Nottingham are full of experienced staff ________ (commit) to giving our children a caring and inspiring learning experience. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】committed 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我在诺丁汉参观的学校都有经验丰富的工作人员，他们致力于给我们的孩子一个关心和鼓舞人心的学习经历。此处是固定搭配：be committed to意为“致力于”，本句已有谓语are full of，所以用非谓语形式，用过去分词committed作后置定语。故填committed。 51. When asked about the cause of the accident, the man in charge said it ________(investigate). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being investigated 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：当被问及事故原因时，负责人说事故正在调查中。said后宾语从句缺乏谓语，由said可知，事情发生在过去且正在调查中，从句主语it和从句谓语investigate是被动关系，用过去进行时的被动语态（was/were being done），主语it是单数，谓语单数形式。故填was being investigated。 52. The audience burst into thunderous ________ (applaud) when they watched the wonderful performances. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】applause 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：观众在观看精彩表演时爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。applaud是个动词，意思是“为……鼓掌”，根据burst into判断，横线处应该填入名词作宾语，也就是applause，从而构成短语burst into applause，意思是“爆发出掌声”，符合题意。故答案是applause。 53. She became the first black woman _________(elect) to the Senate. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to be elected 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她成为了第一位当选参议员的黑人女性。分析句式结构可知，提示词elect在句中应该用非谓语动词形式，作后置定语，又因为woman前有序数词the first修饰，应用动词不定式作后置定语，且elect与woman之间是被动关系，应用动词不定式的被动语态。故填to be elected。 54. Out of ________ (curious), the fellow followed the celebrity secretly for a while. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】curiosity 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：出于好奇，这个家伙偷偷地跟了那位名人一会儿。curious是个形容词，意思是“好奇的”，根据out of，这里应该将其变成名词curiosity，名词作宾语，从而构成短语out of curiosity，意思是“出于好奇”，符合题意。故答案是curiosity。 55. The self-driving car can ________(automatic) detect and respond to traffic signals and road conditions. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】automatically 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：自动驾驶汽车可以自动检测和响应交通信号和道路状况。automatic是个形容词，意思是“自动的”，根据句子结构，需要将它变成副词，从而充当状语去修饰谓语can detect，它的副词形式是automatically，故答案是automatically。 第四节 根据要求翻译句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 56. 你越努力，你离你的梦想就越近。（the+比较级，the+比较级）(汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The harder you work, the closer you get to your dream. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配和时态。句子描述的是普遍规律，用一般现在时；“越……，越……”用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，“努力”的比较级是harder，“近”的比较级是closer；“你”作主语，用人称代词的主格you；“努力工作”作谓语，用动词短语work hard；“离……近”作谓语，用动词短语get close to；“你的梦想”作宾语，用名词短语your dream。故翻译为The harder you work, the closer you get to your dream. 57. 沐浴在阳光下，我们不仅接近了大自然，还体验了劳动的乐趣。（倒装句）(汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Bathing in the sunshine, not only did we get close to nature, but we also experienced the joy of labor. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型和倒装句。表示“沐浴在阳光下”可用短语bath in the sunshine，与主语we构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语；表示“不仅……而且……”句型为not only…but also…，not only位于句首，其后面的分句需用部分倒装，此处发生在过去用一般过去时，助动词用did；表示“接近了大自然”为get close to nature；表示“体验了劳动的乐趣”为experience the joy of labor。故翻译为Bathing in the sunshine, not only did we get close to nature, but we also experienced the joy of labor. 58. 他没有向我们透露他的计划，这使得我们整天都很焦虑。（reveal； anxious）(汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】He didn’ t reveal his plan to us, which made us very anxious all day long. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配、谓语动词时态和非限制性定语从句。句子描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时；“他”在句中作主语，用人称代词的主格He；“透露”作谓语，用动词reveal，否定形式借助didn’t；“他的计划”作宾语，用名词短语his plan；“向我们”用介词to加宾语us；“这使得我们整天都很焦虑”用非限制性定语从句，先行词为整个主句，用关系代词which引导从句，在从句中作主语，“使得我们很焦虑”用“make + 宾语 + 宾补”结构，“我们”作宾语，用人称代词宾格us，“很焦虑”作宾补，用形容词短语very anxious，因时态为一般过去时，所以用made us very anxious，“整天”作时间状语，用短语all day long。故翻译为He didn’ t reveal his plan to us, which made us very anxious all day long. 59. 人们一致认为环境污染已经成为人们面临的最严重的问题之一。(It is recognized that...) （汉译英） 【答案】It is recognized that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。“认为”使用动词recognize，“人们一致认为……”表示一个事实，用一般现在时，使用固定句型It is recognized that...，其中It是形式主语，that引导主语从句，作真正的主语，“环境污染”译为environmental pollution，“成为”使用动词become，“最……之一”使用固定短语“one of+形容词最高级+名词复数”，“严重的”使用形容词serious，主语从句用现在完成时，故译为environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems，“面临”使用动词face，“人们面临的”译为一个定语从句，修饰名词problems，关系词在从句中作face的宾语，用关系代词that引导，从句用一般现在时。综上，故翻译为：It is recognized that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face.。 60. 我认为在会议上提出的这个建议没有意义。（put forward过去分词短语作后置定语）(汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I think the suggestion put forward at the meeting makes no sense. 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词、固定搭配和时态。句子陈述个人观点，用一般现在时；“我”在句中作主语，用人称代词的主格I；“认为”作谓语，用动词think，因主语是第一人称，且时态为一般现在时，用动词原型think；“在会议上提出的这个建议没有意义”作宾语，用宾语从句表达，引导词that不充当成分，没有具体含义，可以省略，从句中，“这个建议”作主语，用名词短语the suggestion，“会议上提出的”在从句中作后置定语修饰suggestion，因suggestion与put forward是被动关系，用过去分词短语put forward at the meeting作后置定语，“没有意义”作从句中谓语成分，用动词短语make no sense，从句主语suggestion是单数名词，谓语动词应用单数第三人称形式makes。故翻译为I think the suggestion put forward at the meeting makes no sense. 第四部分 书面表达（满分25分） 61. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 Honesty is a vital quality of human behavior and always regarded as a virtue.Every time people refer to the topic, I would recall an unforgettable experience which had a deep impact on my growth. I was 16 when one morning, Dad told me I could drive him to Mijas, a town 18 miles away and then take the car in a nearby garage to get it serviced.At that time,I had just passed the driving test, and I hardly had a chance to use the car, so I said yes without hesitation. I drove my father to Mijas,promising to pick him up again at 4 pm, then I went to a nearby garage,and put the car in there. Since I had several hours to spare, I decided to go to a movie theater near the garage to see a movie. However, I was so absorbed in the plot of the movie that l forgot the time. When the last movie finished, I looked at my watch:6 pm.I was two hours late! I thought my father would be very angry if he knew what I was doing. And he would never let me drive again. So I decided to make up an excuse. Then, I drove to the appointed place,my father was sitting in a corner, waiting patiently. I first apologized for being late, then told him that I wanted to get there as soon as possible, but that something was wrong with some of the main parts of the car. I would never forget the way he looked at me. “ I'm very disappointed that you thought you had to lie to me, Jason.” My father looked at me again and said, “When you didn’t show up on time, I called the gas station and asked if there was anything wrong. They told me you never picked up the car. So, you see, I know there's nothing wrong with the car at all.” Paragraph 1 A wave of guilt swept over me. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2 ＂I'm going to walk home now and think where I have gone wrong all these years,"father said to me. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: A wave of guilt swept over me. I had to admit the fact that I had gone to the movies and that was the real reason why I was late. Dad listened carefully as a sadness passed through him，“I'm angry, not with you but with myself. You see. I realize that I have failed as a father if after all these years you feel that you have to lie to me. I have failed because I have brought up a son who cannot even tell the truth to his own father. Paragraph 2: “I’m going to walk home now and think where I have gone wrong all these years”, father said to me. “But father, it's exactly eighteen miles home from here, and it's dark. You can't walk back. ”I begged. My protests, my apologies and the rest of my words were useless. I had let my father down and I was about to learn one of the most painful lessons of my life. Dad began walking along the dusty roads. I quickly jumped in the car and followed behind. I apologized all the way, telling him how sorry I was, but he simply ignored me. For 18 miles he kept walking. Seeing my father in so much pain was the most awful experience that I have ever faced. However it was also the most successful lesson. 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，作者驾车去接他的父亲，但是他因为去看电影而耽误了时间后，他谎称去修车了，最后谎言被拆穿了，这使得父亲非常生气。 【详解】续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：一股负疚感席卷了我，我不得不承认我去看电影了，这才是我迟到的真正原因……，所以应该写父亲对此的反应是什么以及父亲的情感此时影视什么样的。第二段开头是：父亲对我说：“我现在要走回家，想想这些年来我哪里做错了。”本段应该写父亲对我这么做的反应是什么以及我的心里活动是什么以及我从这件事情当中得到了什么经验教训。 续写时要求所续写短文的词数应为150左右；按要求完成写作任务。 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：I had to admit the fact that I had gone to the movies and that was the real reason why I was late.这句话运用了why引导的定语从句；文章也使用了一些固定词组，如pass through; brought up ; let…down等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $