Unit 3 The environment（重难词汇精练）英语沪教牛津版九年级下册

Unit 3 The environment 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 concern n. 担心；忧虑 nature n. 自然界；大自然 atmosphere n. 大气层 surface n. 表面；表层 temperature n. 温度；气温 soil n. 土壤 consumer * n. 消费者 flood n. 洪水；水灾 guess v. 猜测 habit n. 习惯 green v. 环境保护的；赞成环境保护的 proper adj. 正确的；恰当的 lifeless adj. 无生命的；无生物生长的 friendly adj. 无害的 fuel n. 燃料 recycle v. 回收利用 coal n. 煤 purpose /ˈpɜːpəs/ n. 目的；用途 result n. 结果 solution n. 解决办法；处理手段 increase v. （使）增长；增多 government n. 政府 sea level n. 海平面 role model n. 楷模；行为榜样 destroy v. 摧毁；毁灭 短语 greenhouse effect 温室效应 mountains of 许多；大量 in danger 在危险中 take action 采取行动 as a result of  由于 make a difference  有作用；有影响 result in  造成；导致 act as 充当 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.concern n.担心; v.与…有关→ concerned adj.担忧的；关心的 2.destroy v. 摧毁；毁灭→ destroyer n. 毁灭者→ destruction n. 毁坏；损坏 3. nature n. 自然；大自然→ natural adj. 自然的；本性的→ naturally adv. 自然地；本性地 4. proper adj. 正确的；恰当的→ properly adv. 正确地；适当地→ improper adj. 不正确的；不合适的 5. solve v. 解决→ solution n. 解决办法；处理手段 6. life n. 生命→lifeless adj. 无生命的 →living adj. 活着，用前作定语，可以修饰人或物 living thing 生物→ alive adj. 活着，主要用来作表语或后置定语 词汇语境练-句子 一、单词拼写 1．He shows c____________ that tigers will disappear some day. 【答案】(c)oncern 【解析】句意：他担忧老虎终有一天会灭绝。短语show concern that... 意为 “对…… 表示担忧。故填(c)oncern。 2．The t________ of the water is just right for swimming. 【答案】temperature 【解析】句意：水温正好适合游泳。游泳是需要合适水温的，the temperature of the water水的温度，故填temperature。 3．Can you stand on the s of the planet Mars without wearing special boots? 【答案】(s)urface 【解析】句意：不穿特殊的鞋子，你可以站在火星表面吗？根据“Can you stand on the…special boots?”以及首字母可知，此处指的是火星表面，surface“表面”，符合语境，故填(s)urface。 4．Having good eating h can help you to build up your strength and make your body strong. 【答案】(h)abits 【解析】句意：养成良好的饮食习惯可以帮助你增强体力，使身体变得强壮。根据“Having good eating h...”可知，这里指的是饮食习惯，应用名词habit，需用复数形式表示泛指。故填(h)abits。 5．David is f to anyone around him. 【答案】(f)riendly 【解析】句意：大卫对周围的任何人都很友好。根据“David is…to anyone around him.”及首字母可知，friendly表示“友好的”符合语境。此处be friendly to sb表示“对某人友好”。故填(f)riendly。 6．They set bags full of sand along the roads to keep the water away, sent food to us and rescued people who were in d . 【答案】(d)anger 【解析】句意：他们在路边装上装满沙子的袋子，防止水进入，给我们送去食物，拯救处于危险中的人们。根据“rescued people who were in d...”可知，此处指的是拯救处于危险中的人们，in danger“处于危险中”，介词短语。故填(d)anger。 7．The p of the visit is to call on us to care more about the lonely old people. 【答案】(p)urpose 【解析】句意：这次拜访的目的是号召我们关心孤独老人。根据首字母提示及“The...of the visit is to call on us to care more about the lonely old people.”可知，此处表示这次拜访的目的是号召我们关心孤独老人。purpose“目的”，符合语境。故填(p)urpose。 8．People also celebrate the festival by g the lantern riddles (谜). 【答案】(g)uessing 【解析】句意：人们也通过猜灯谜来庆祝这个节日。根据“People also celebrate the festival by...the lantern riddles (谜).”及首字母提示可知。应该是“猜灯谜”，guess“猜”。介词by后用动名词guessing。故填(g)uessing。 9．I was caught in the rain on my way home. As a r , I got a bad cold. 【答案】(r)esult 【解析】句意：我在回家的路上淋雨了。结果，我得了重感冒。根据句意并结合首字母提示可知，此处表示结果，as a result“结果”，固定词组。故填(r)esult。 10．The g has set many rules to protect the environment so far. 【答案】(g)overnment 【解析】句意：到目前为止，政府已经制定了许多保护环境的规定。根据“has set many rules”和所给首字母可知，制定规定的应该是政府，“政府”government，根据“the”可知，此处用单数。故填(g)overnment。 11．People in some poor areas burn c to keep warm in winter. 【答案】(c)oal 【解析】句意：冬天贫穷地区的人们燃烧煤来取暖。根据“burn...to keep warm in winter”可知，空处意为“煤”，燃烧煤来取暖，英文表达为coal，是不可数名词。故填(c)oal。 12．Mountains of gold and silver are not as good as clear waters and g mountains. 【答案】(g)reen 【解析】句意：金山银山不如碧水青山。根据“clear waters and g… mountains”可知，此处是green“绿色的”，形容词作定语修饰名词mountains。故填(g)reen。 13．It’s hard to choose the p words to describe this beautiful picture. 【答案】(p)roper 【解析】句意：很难选择恰当的词语来描述这幅美丽的画。根据语境“to describe this beautiful picture”可知，这里表示选择“合适的词”来描述它，结合首字母可知，proper“正确的，合适的”符合题意。故填(p)roper。 14．Don’t throw away the paper. We can r it and use it in other ways. 【答案】(r)ecycle 【解析】句意：不要把纸扔掉。我们可以回收利用它，把它用在其他方面。情态动词can后加动词原形。根据“use it in other ways”可知把它用在其他方面，也就是回收利用它，首字母为r，动词应用recycle。故填(r)ecycle。 15．Reading widely can help you to i your vocabulary. 【答案】(i)ncrease 【解析】句意：广泛阅读可以帮助你增加词汇量。根据“Reading widely can help you to i...your vocabulary.”可知阅读多了，词汇就会自然增加了，increase“增加”，是动词， 空前有不定式符号，动词用原形，故填(i)ncrease。 16．The top of this mountain is 4000 meters above the sea (水平). 【答案】level 【解析】句意：这座山的山顶高于海平面4000米。根据句意及所给汉语提示可知，需填名词level，sea level为固定短语，表示“海平面”。故填level。 17. We grew up in the countryside, which is full of the beauties of n________. 【答案】(n)ature 【解析】句意：我们在处处是自然美景的乡下长大。be full of “充满”，the beauties of nature“自然美景”，此处表示“乡下到处是自然美景”，故填(n)ature。 18. Plants and animals on the earth can't live without the air and the ____________. (大气层) 【答案】atmosphere 【解析】 句意：地球上的动植物离开空气和大气层就无法生存。根据句意及所给汉语提示可知，需填名词 atmosphere，该词为不可数名词，此处表示 “大气层” 这一整体概念，无复数变化。故填atmosphere。 二、用所给词的正确形式填空。 1. The (solve) to the problem of protecting wild animals is not easy. 【答案】solution 【详解】句意：解决保护野生动物的问题并不容易。分析句子结构可知，此处用名词，solve解决，动词；名词为solution。根据“The...to the problem...is not easy”可知，句子主语是单数，故填单数形式。故填solution。 2．Almost all the students are (concern) about their final exam. 【答案】concerned 【详解】句意：几乎所有的学生都关心他们的期末考试。be concerned about“关心”，故填concerned。 3．Because of the (affect) of the flood, many people were left homeless. 【答案】effect 【详解】句意：由于洪水的影响，许多人无家可归。根据“the...of the flood”可知，设空处应填所给词的名词形式effect“影响”，为不可数名词。故填effect。 4．The flood the village and everyone set off for another safe place. (destroy) 【答案】destroyed 【详解】句意：洪水冲毁了村庄，大家都逃到另一个安全的地方去了。destroy“破坏，毁灭”，描述过去的动作，用一般过去时，动词填过去式。故填destroyed。 5. Our neighbours are very (friend) to each other. 【答案】friendly 【详解】句意：我们的邻居彼此都很友好。friend“朋友”，名词；空处位于are后，应用形容词作表语，其形容词为friendly“友好的”，故填friendly。 6. Speak Putonghua ________ (proper) and write Hanzi correctly. 【答案】properly 【详解】句意：正确地说普通话，正确地写汉字。根据句意“正确地说”可知，此处需要一个副词来修饰动词“Speak”，“proper”是形容词，其副词形式是“properly”，符合语法要求。故填properly。 7. We must protect the Earth because it is in (dangerous). 【答案】danger 【详解】句意：我们必须保护地球，因为它处于危险之中。be in danger“处于危险之中”，固定短语，故填danger。 8．There is a lot of air (pollute). 【答案】pollution 【详解】句意：空气污染很严重。此处在句中作主语，用名词pollution，air pollution“空气污染”，故填pollution。 9．Mountains of rubbish (throw) away every day. 【答案】is thrown 【详解】句意：每天都要扔掉堆积如山的垃圾。主语“rubbish与动词throw之间是动宾关系，结合“every day”可知用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是不可数名词，be动词用is，throw的过去分词形式thrown。故填is thrown。 10. Without it, the Earth would be the same as the Moon—cold and (life). 【答案】lifeless 【详解】句意：没有它，地球就会和月球一样——寒冷而没有生命。根据“Without it, the Earth would be the same as the Moon—cold and...”和常识可知，月球是没有生命的，用lifeless“无生命的”作表语，故填lifeless。 三、单项选择 1.High temperatures result in much evaporation (蒸发) from the plants. A．turn to B．come to C．lead to 【答案】C 【解析】句意：高温导致植物的蒸发。 考查动词短语。turn to求助于；come to苏醒；lead to导致。划线部分result in意为“导致”，与C选项意思相近。故选C。 2．They expressed their concern about me. In fact, now I live a good life myself in America. A．happiness B．carefulness C．worry 【答案】C 【解析】句意：他们表达了对我的担心。事实上，现在我自己在美国过着美好的生活。 考查名词辨析。happiness幸福；carefulness细心；worry担心。此处指他们担心“我”在美国的生活，划线部分意为“担心”，与worry同义。故选C。 3．I have mountains of work to do every day, so I’m very busy. A．lots of B．a large number of C．a few of 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我每天有堆积如山的工作要做，所以我很忙。 考查短语辨析。lots of很多的，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词；a large number of大量的，修饰可数名词复数；a few of一些，修饰可数名词复数。根据“so I’m very busy”可知，很忙，说明有很多工作。划线部分mountains of意为“大量的”，修饰不可数名词work，应用lots of。故选A。 4．I really don’t know the answer. I’m just guessing. A．trying to look smart B．trying to get up C．trying to get an answer 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我真的不知道答案。我只是猜测。 考查词义辨析。trying to look smart尝试看起来很聪明；trying to get up尝试起床；trying to get an answer尝试得到答案。根据“I really don’t know the answer.”可知，此处指通过guess得到答案，故划线部分意为“猜测”，即尝试得到答案。故选C。 5．He was late as a result of the heavy snow. A．because of B．so that C．except for 【答案】A 【解析】句意：由于下大雪，他迟到了。 考查短语辨析。because of由于，因为；so that以便；except for除了。根据句中的“He was late”和“the heavy snow”可知，划线部分的短语意为“由于”，because of也意为“由于”，为同义短语。故选A。 6．The building was completely destroyed by fire. A．entered B．damaged C．pushed 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这座建筑被大火完全烧毁了。 考查动词辨析。entered进入；damaged毁坏；pushed推。根据“by fire”可知，大火会毁坏建筑物，划线单词意为“毁坏”，与damaged同义。故选B。 7．Your age shouldn’t make any difference to whether you get the job or not. A．keep in touch with B．have any effect on C．take responsibility for 【答案】B 【解析】句意：你的年龄对你是否得到这份工作没有任何影响。 考查动词短语。keep in touch with与……保持联系；have any effect on对……有任何影响；take responsibility for承担责任。划线部分make any difference to意为“对……有所影响”，与B选项意思相近。故选B。 8．There is no simple solution to this problem. A．way of forgetting B．way of making C．way of solving 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这个问题没有简单的解决办法。 考查动名词辨析。way of forgetting遗忘的方法；way of making制作的方法；way of solving解决方法，根据“solution”，意为“解决方法”，故选C。 9. A _________ place means there isn’t anything or anybody to live or grow at all. A．lively B．worthless C．lifeless 【答案】C 【解析】句意：一个没有生命的地方意味着没有任何东西或任何人可以生存或生长。 考查形容词辨析。lively活泼的；worthless无价值的；lifeless无生命的，无生物生长的。根据“there isn’t anything or anybody to live or grow at all.(根本没有任何东西或任何人可以生存或成长。)”可知是没有生命的。故选C。 10. We should use things which are ________ to environment. A．brave B．friendly C．ready 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们应该使用对环境友好的东西。 考查形容词辨析。brave勇敢的；friendly友好的；ready准备好的。 我们应该使用对环境友好的东西，be friendly to“对……友好”。故选B。 11.Children’s lives are ________ every time they cross this road in the busy traffic. A．in danger B．out of danger C．hopeful 【答案】A 【解析】句意：孩子们每次在繁忙的交通中穿过这条马路都有生命危险。 考查介词短语。in danger处于危险之中；out of danger脱离危险；hopeful有希望的。根据“every time they cross this road in the busy traffic.”可知在繁忙的交通中穿过马路是危险的。故选A。 12．We should have a ________ discussion before making the final decision. A．possible B．valuable C．proper 【答案】C 【解析】句意：在做出最后决定之前，我们应该充分讨论一下。 考查形容词辨析。possible可能的；valuable有价值的；proper适当的，正确的。根据“before making the final decision.”可知做决定之前要好好谈论一下。proper符合语境。故选C。 13．The population has _________ from 1.2 million to 1.8 million. A．dropped B．increased C．checked 【答案】B 【解析】句意：人口已经从120万增加至180万了。 考查动词辨析。dropped下降；increased增加；checked检查。根据“...from 1.2 million to 1.8 million.” 可知，人口增加了。故选B。 14．A _________ consumer means someone who is concerned about protecting the environment. A．green B．correct C．careful 【答案】A 【解析】句意：绿色消费者是指关心保护环境的人。 考查形容词辨析。green绿色的；correct正确的；careful仔细的，根据“protecting the environment.”，可知这类消费者跟“环保”有关，“绿色的”一词可以理解为“环保的”，故选A。 15. In order to protect the environment, we should keep people _______ cutting down trees. A．of B．from C．to D．at 【答案】B 【解析】句意：为了保护环境，我们应该阻止人们砍伐树木。 考查固定搭配。of属于……的；from从、来自；to到；at在。keep sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”是固定搭配。故选B。 16. —We need more time to see how things develop before we ________. —I agree with you. A．take after B．take action C．take turn D．take away 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——在采取行动之前，我们需要更多的时间看看事态的发展。——我同意你的看法。 考查动词短语辨析。take after与……相像；take action采取行动；take turn轮流；take away拿走。根据“We need more time to see how things develop before we...”可知，应是在行动前看看事态的发展，故选B。 17. To have a better environment, people start to ________ paper, rubber and glass. A．waste B．develop C．recycle D．produce 【答案】C 【解析】句意：为了有一个更好的环境，人们开始回收纸张、橡胶和玻璃。 考查动词。waste浪费；develop发展；recycle回收利用；produce生产。根据上文“To have a better environment”可知，为了保护环境，应该是回收利用纸张、橡胶和玻璃。故选C。 18. It is said that the number of forest Parks in Guangdong _______ to more than 1,000 so far. A．increase B．increased C．has increased D．will increase 【答案】C 【解析】句意：据说到目前为止广东森林公园的数量已经增加到1000个以上。 考查现在完成时。根据“so far”可知，此句的时态是现在完成时，而主语“the number of forest Parks”是第三人称单数，因此“has increased”符合句意。故选C。 19. —What do you think is the main ________ of the accident? —The man was watching videos on Douyin while he was riding the electric bike. A．effect B．solution C．result D．cause 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你认为事故的主要原因是什么？——该男子一边骑电动自行车一边在抖音上看视频。 考查名词辨析。effect影响；solution解决办法；result结果；cause原因。根据答语“The man was watching videos on Douyin while he was riding the electric bike.”可知，是询问事故的原因，故选D。 20. Don’t waste _______ time. It’s _______ important for us to study. A．too much; much too B．too much; too much C．much too; too much D．much too; much too 【答案】A 【解析】句意：不要浪费太多时间。学习对我们来说太重要了。 考查短语辨析。too much太多，修饰不可数名词；much too太，修饰形容词。第一空空后是不可数名词，用too much修饰；第二空空后是形容词，用much too修饰。故选A。 四、完成句子 1. 由于温室效应，地球的温度在不断上升。 the greenhouse effect, the Earth’s temperature is increasing. 【答案】 As a result of 【详解】as a result of“由于”，介词短语，句首首字母要大写。故填As；a；result；of。 2．“阅读求生” 对孩子们产生重要的影响。 To children, “Reading to Survive” can . 【答案】 make an important difference/influence 【详解】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“产生重要的影响”，make an important difference/influence“产生重要的影响”，根据空前的“can”可知，情态动词后用动词原形。故填make；an；important；difference/influence。 3．目前许多动物都处于危险中。 At present, many animals are . 【答案】 in danger 【详解】根据中英文提示可知，空格处缺少“处于危险之中”的表达，介词短语in danger意为“处于危险之中”，符合语境，故填in；danger。 4. Lucy学习多刻苦呀！我们要行动起来向他学习。 Lucy studied! We should to learn from him. 【答案】 How hard take action 【详解】根据“...Lucy studied!”和汉语提示可知，第一句是how引导的感叹句，结构为：how+副词+主谓，应用副词hard“刻苦地”修饰动词studied；take action“采取行动”，动词短语，情态动词should后用动词原形。故填How；hard；take；action。 5. 在日常生活中，我们很多人都在充当堆积如山的垃圾制造者。 Many of us the producers who produce rubbish in the daily life. 【答案】 act as mountains of 【详解】由句意可知前两空需要表达的是“充当”，用短语“act as”，结合语境可知本句用一般现在时，主语“Many of us”是复数，所以act用原形。后两空需要表达的是“堆积如山的”，用短语“mountains of”。故填act；as；mountains；of。 词汇语境练-语篇 A(语篇填词) 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。 The earth is already in danger. Human beings are d 1 the Earth in many ways. The land, the air and the water have been polluted seriously. More and more wildlife is losing their homes. As for us, there is nowhere to live and we can't live in harmony (和谐地) with n 2 . The rapid development of high technology brings many opportunities and destruction. This is a double-edged sword. If we don’t keep its balance, the consequences (后果) would be terrible. There is growing concern about the worse and worse environmental problems all over the world. Facing the situations, we can’t wait and do n 3 . Try to be a low-carbon citizen and a role model in order to help save resources. It is very important to make it an everyday habit instead of failing to stick with it. Take part in some International Public Welfare Organizations so that we are able to do our parts and help f 4 against the increasingly serious environmental problems. To be h 5 , unity is the only way out. 【答案】1．(d)estroying 2．(n)ature 3．(n)othing 4．(f)ight 5．(h)onest 【导语】本文讨论了地球面临的危险，人类对地球的破坏，以及我们应如何采取行动来应对日益严重的环境问题。 1．句意：人类正在以多种方式破坏地球。根据“The earth is already in danger.”以及“The land, the air and the water have been polluted seriously.”可知，地球正处于危险之中，土地、空气和水都被严重污染了，这说明人类正在破坏地球。结合首字母提示，此处应填destroy的现在分词形式destroying，与are构成现在进行时，表示“正在破坏”。故填(d)estroying。 2．句意：至于我们，我们无处可住，无法与自然和谐相处。根据“More and more wildlife is losing their homes.”以及“we can't live in harmony”可知，越来越多的野生动物正在失去家园，我们无法与自然和谐相处。结合首字母提示，此处应填nature，表示“自然”。故填(n)ature。 3．句意：面对这些情况，我们不能坐视不管，无所作为。根据“There is growing concern about the worse and worse environmental problems all over the world.”以及“we can’t wait”可知，全世界对日益恶化的环境问题越来越关注，我们不能坐视不管。结合首字母提示，此处应填nothing，表示“无所作为”。故填(n)othing。 4．句意：参加一些国际公益组织，这样我们就能尽自己的一份力，帮助对抗日益严重的环境问题。根据“Take part in some International Public Welfare Organizations”以及“the increasingly serious environmental problems”可知，参加国际公益组织是为了帮助对抗日益严重的环境问题。结合首字母提示，此处应填fight，与against构成短语fight against，表示“对抗”。help do sth.为固定用法，意为“帮助做某事”，所以此处用动词原形。故填(f)ight。 5．句意：老实说，团结是唯一的出路。根据“unity is the only way out”以及首字母提示可知，此处应填honest，构成短语to be honest，表示“老实说”。故填(h)onest。 B(选词填空) 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 that  improvement  increase  besides  however  I  well  with  be  importance  recycle  week I work as a supervisor (督导员) at my school and have truly enjoyed this role over the past six months. Since I’m crazy about environmental protection, every day in this position brings 1 joy. As a supervisor, my responsibility is to make sure 2 our school takes action to protect the environment. There are six of us in the team. We meet every two 3 to bring different ideas. During these meetings, we talk about ways to encourage students to 4 daily behaviors and become more environmentally friendly. Last month, we noticed the serious littering problem around the school. We made some eye-catching signs 5 short, fun messages like “Trash in Bin, All Wins!” and put them up all over the school. 6 , we gave a report about the problem in a school meeting. The results 7 great. Now, the floors are perfectly clean. We also work on 8 . We knew some students might not understand how 9 it is to sort (分类) waste. So, we placed different bins for glass, paper and plastic in every classroom. We made the bins look nice and even had a small game to see which class could do the 10 in a week. Now students are doing a great job, and our school is becoming a cleaner and healthier place to study and grow. 【答案】 1．me 2．that 3．weeks 4．improve 5．with 6．Besides 7．were 8．recycling 9．important 10．best 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者作为学校的一名督导员，主要描述了其在学校负责环保工作期间，通过团队合作，采取多种措施解决校园垃圾问题以及推进垃圾分类工作，从而使学校环境变得更加清洁和健康。 1．句意：由于我对环境保护充满热情，每天在这个岗位上都给我带来快乐。根据“Since I’m crazy about environmental protection, every day in this position brings...joy.”可知，此处是指这个岗位给“我”带来快乐，动词后接人称代词宾格me。故填me。 2．句意：作为一名督导员，我的责任是确保我们学校采取行动保护环境。根据“my responsibility is to make sure...our school takes action to protect the environment.”可知，此处是make sure后接宾语从句，从句不缺成分，用that引导。故填that。 3．句意：我们每两周见面一次，带来不同的想法。根据“We meet every two...to bring different ideas.”可知，此处是指每两周见面一次，week“周”，two后接复数形式。故填weeks。 4．句意：在这些会议上，我们讨论如何鼓励学生改善日常行为，变得更加环保。根据“During these meetings, we talk about ways to encourage students to...daily behaviors and become more environmentally friendly.”可知，此处是指改善日常行为，improve“改善”，encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”。故填improve。 5．句意：我们制作了一些引人注目的标语，上面写着简短有趣的标语，比如“垃圾入箱，人人有责！”，并把它们张贴在学校各处。根据“We made some eye-catching signs...short, fun messages”可知，此处是指标语上写着标语，用介词with表示“带有”。故填with。 6．句意：此外，我们在学校会议上就这个问题作了报告。根据“we gave a report about the problem in a school meeting.”可知，此处是进一步说明采取的措施，besides“此外”，句首字母大写。故填Besides。 7．句意：结果很好。根据“The results...great.”可知，此处是主系表结构，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were。 8．句意：我们还致力于回收利用。根据“So, we placed different bins for glass, paper and plastic in every classroom.”可知，此处是指致力于回收利用，recycle“回收利用”，on是介词，后接动名词。故填recycling。 9．句意：我们知道一些学生可能不明白垃圾分类有多重要。根据“we knew some students might not understand how...it is to sort (分类) waste.”可知，此处是指不明白垃圾分类有多重要，important“重要的”，how后接形容词。故填important。 10．句意：我们把垃圾桶做得很好看，甚至还玩了一个小游戏，看看哪个班在一周内做得最好。根据“We made the bins look nice and even had a small game to see which class could do the...in a week.”可知，此处是指看看哪个班在一周内做得最好，do the best“做得最好”。故填best。 $Unit 3 The environment 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 n. 担心；忧虑 n. 自然界；大自然 n. 大气层 n. 表面；表层 n. 温度；气温 n. 土壤 * n. 消费者 n. 洪水；水灾 v. 猜测 n. 习惯 v. 环境保护的；赞成环境保护的 adj. 正确的；恰当的 adj. 无生命的；无生物生长的 adj. 无害的 n. 燃料 v. 回收利用 n. 煤 n. 目的；用途 n. 结果 n. 解决办法；处理手段 v. （使）增长；增多 n. 政府 n. 海平面 n. 楷模；行为榜样 v. 摧毁；毁灭 短语 温室效应 许多；大量 在危险中 采取行动 由于 有作用；有影响 造成；导致 充当 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.concern n.担心; v.与…有关→ _______ adj.担忧的；关心的 2.destroy v. 摧毁；毁灭→_______ n. 毁灭者→ _______n. 毁坏；损坏 3. nature n. 自然；大自然→ _______ adj. 自然的；本性的→ _______ adv. 自然地；本性地 4. proper adj. 正确的；恰当的→_______ adv. 正确地；适当地→_______adj. 不正确的；不合适的 5. solve v. 解决→_______ n. 解决办法；处理手段 6. life n. 生命→_______ adj. 无生命的 →_______adj. 活着，用前作定语，可以修饰人或物 living thing 生物→ _______ adj. 活着，主要用来作表语或后置定语 词汇语境练-句子 一、单词拼写 1．He shows c____________ that tigers will disappear some day. 2．The t________ of the water is just right for swimming. 3．Can you stand on the s of the planet Mars without wearing special boots? 4．Having good eating h can help you to build up your strength and make your body strong. 5．David is f to anyone around him. 6．They set bags full of sand along the roads to keep the water away, sent food to us and rescued people who were in d . 7．The p of the visit is to call on us to care more about the lonely old people. 8．People also celebrate the festival by g the lantern riddles (谜). 9．I was caught in the rain on my way home. As a r , I got a bad cold. 10．The g has set many rules to protect the environment so far. 11．People in some poor areas burn c to keep warm in winter. 12．Mountains of gold and silver are not as good as clear waters and g mountains. 13．It’s hard to choose the p words to describe this beautiful picture. 14．Don’t throw away the paper. We can r it and use it in other ways. 15．Reading widely can help you to i your vocabulary. 16．The top of this mountain is 4000 meters above the sea (水平). 17. We grew up in the countryside, which is full of the beauties of n________. 18. Plants and animals on the earth can't live without the air and the ____________. (大气层) 二、用所给词的正确形式填空。 1. The (solve) to the problem of protecting wild animals is not easy. 2．Almost all the students are (concern) about their final exam. 3．Because of the (affect) of the flood, many people were left homeless. 4．The flood the village and everyone set off for another safe place. (destroy) 5. Our neighbours are very (friend) to each other. 6. Speak Putonghua ________ (proper) and write Hanzi correctly. 7. We must protect the Earth because it is in (dangerous). 8．There is a lot of air (pollute). 9．Mountains of rubbish (throw) away every day. 10. Without it, the Earth would be the same as the Moon—cold and (life). 三、单项选择 1.High temperatures result in much evaporation (蒸发) from the plants. A．turn to B．come to C．lead to 2．They expressed their concern about me. In fact, now I live a good life myself in America. A．happiness B．carefulness C．worry 3．I have mountains of work to do every day, so I’m very busy. A．lots of B．a large number of C．a few of 4．I really don’t know the answer. I’m just guessing. A．trying to look smart B．trying to get up C．trying to get an answer 5．He was late as a result of the heavy snow. A．because of B．so that C．except for 6．The building was completely destroyed by fire. A．entered B．damaged C．pushed 7．Your age shouldn’t make any difference to whether you get the job or not. A．keep in touch with B．have any effect on C．take responsibility for 8．There is no simple solution to this problem. A．way of forgetting B．way of making C．way of solving 9. A _________ place means there isn’t anything or anybody to live or grow at all. A．lively B．worthless C．lifeless 10. We should use things which are ________ to environment. A．brave B．friendly C．ready 11.Children’s lives are ________ every time they cross this road in the busy traffic. A．in danger B．out of danger C．hopeful 12．We should have a ________ discussion before making the final decision. A．possible B．valuable C．proper 13．The population has _________ from 1.2 million to 1.8 million. A．dropped B．increased C．checked 14．A _________ consumer means someone who is concerned about protecting the environment. A．green B．correct C．careful 15. In order to protect the environment, we should keep people _______ cutting down trees. A．of B．from C．to D．at 16. —We need more time to see how things develop before we ________. —I agree with you. A．take after B．take action C．take turn D．take away 17. To have a better environment, people start to ________ paper, rubber and glass. A．waste B．develop C．recycle D．produce 18. It is said that the number of forest Parks in Guangdong _______ to more than 1,000 so far. A．increase B．increased C．has increased D．will increase 19. —What do you think is the main ________ of the accident? —The man was watching videos on Douyin while he was riding the electric bike. A．effect B．solution C．result D．cause 20. Don’t waste _______ time. It’s _______ important for us to study. A．too much; much too B．too much; too much C．much too; too much D．much too; much too 四、完成句子 1. 由于温室效应，地球的温度在不断上升。 the greenhouse effect, the Earth’s temperature is increasing. 2．“阅读求生” 对孩子们产生重要的影响。 To children, “Reading to Survive” can . 3．目前许多动物都处于危险中。 At present, many animals are . 4. Lucy学习多刻苦呀！我们要行动起来向他学习。 Lucy studied! We should to learn from him. 5. 在日常生活中，我们很多人都在充当堆积如山的垃圾制造者。 Many of us the producers who produce rubbish in the daily life. 词汇语境练-语篇 A(语篇填词) 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。 The earth is already in danger. Human beings are d 1 the Earth in many ways. The land, the air and the water have been polluted seriously. More and more wildlife is losing their homes. As for us, there is nowhere to live and we can't live in harmony (和谐地) with n 2 . The rapid development of high technology brings many opportunities and destruction. This is a double-edged sword. If we don’t keep its balance, the consequences (后果) would be terrible. There is growing concern about the worse and worse environmental problems all over the world. Facing the situations, we can’t wait and do n 3 . Try to be a low-carbon citizen and a role model in order to help save resources. It is very important to make it an everyday habit instead of failing to stick with it. Take part in some International Public Welfare Organizations so that we are able to do our parts and help f 4 against the increasingly serious environmental problems. To be h 5 , unity is the only way out. B(选词填空) 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 that  improvement  increase  besides  however  I  well  with  be  importance  recycle  week I work as a supervisor (督导员) at my school and have truly enjoyed this role over the past six months. Since I’m crazy about environmental protection, every day in this position brings 1 joy. As a supervisor, my responsibility is to make sure 2 our school takes action to protect the environment. There are six of us in the team. We meet every two 3 to bring different ideas. During these meetings, we talk about ways to encourage students to 4 daily behaviors and become more environmentally friendly. Last month, we noticed the serious littering problem around the school. We made some eye-catching signs 5 short, fun messages like “Trash in Bin, All Wins!” and put them up all over the school. 6 , we gave a report about the problem in a school meeting. The results 7 great. Now, the floors are perfectly clean. We also work on 8 . We knew some students might not understand how 9 it is to sort (分类) waste. So, we placed different bins for glass, paper and plastic in every classroom. We made the bins look nice and even had a small game to see which class could do the 10 in a week. Now students are doing a great job, and our school is becoming a cleaner and healthier place to study and grow. $