必修2 非限制性定语从句（介词+关系代词）-备战2025-2026学年高中英语上学期期末语法全解（沪教版）

ENGLISH-高中系列资料（沪教版） 必修2U2非限制性定语从句（含介词+关系代词结构） 考频分析 非限制性定语从句是高中英语语法的重要模块，考频占语法总量的5%左右，贯穿试卷多个核心题型：单 项选择1-2题、完形填空1-2题、语法填空1-2题、阅读理解（辅助理解长难句）、书面表达（提升句式多 样性与复杂度)。在语境理解类题目中，非限制性定语从句的逻辑关系及介词加关系代词的正确搭配往往 是解题关键。 考查内容 高中英语对非限制性定语从句的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·基本结构与功能：先行词为名词/代词时which/who/whom/whose的选用，先行词为整个主句时which/as 的辨析，与限制性定语从句的区别（逗号隔开、不可省略）： ·介词+关系代词结构：根据从句动词/形容词搭配确定介词（如be interested in,.pay attention to),常见 介词+which/whom的固定搭配（如in which=where,for whom); ·特殊用法：as引导非限制性定语从句时“正如”含义的语境应用（如as we all know),which指代主句 内容时的逻辑关系（结果、解释）。 精讲精练 知识点一：非限制性定语从句及”介词+关系代词”结构 ·非限制性定语从句（补充说明，逗号隔开，不能用that) -关系代词：which(指物)、who/whom(指人)、whose(表所属) -例句：口Shanghai,.which is a modern city,attracts millions of visitors.(which指代先行词Shanghai,, 逗号隔开)口ly brother,,who is a teacher,loves reading.(who指代先行词brother,.补充说明身份) ·”介词+关系代词”结构（介词提前，指物用which,.指人用whom) -常见介词搭配：in/on/.at/with/.by/for等+which/whom -例句：This is the house in which I lived last year.(=where.,in which搭配先行词house)☐The girl with whom he talked yesterday is my classmate..(with whom搭配先行词girl,表”和交谈") 【即学即练】 1.【非限制性定语从句引导词】选择正确的引导词填空：My sister,,_is a nurse,works in a local hospital. A.that B.who C.which D.whose 2.【介词+关系代词】将句子改写为”介词+关系代词”结构：This is the park where I met my old friend. -This is the park_I met my old friend. 3.【引导词辨析】下列句子中，非限制性定语从句的引导词使用正确的是？ A.Beijing,that is the capital of China,is a big city. B.Beijing,which is the capital of China,is a big city. C.Beijing,who is the capital of China,is a big city. D.Beijing,whom is the capital of China,is a big city. 4.【介词选择】填空：The man_.I talked just now is my uncle.(用”介词+关系代词”结构) 5.【核心区别】非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的核心区别之一是一（填”有无”）逗号分隔，且不能 用。 高中|英语|沪教版 ENGLISH-高中系列资料（沪教版） 知识点二：非限制性定语从句的特殊用法及常见错误 ·指代整个主句的非限制性定语从句(which引导，表结果/补充说明) 1.语法功能 -which指代前面整个主句内容，从句用逗号与主句隔开，常译为“这/这件事”。 2.例句 -☐He passed the exam,which made his parents very happy.(which指代“他通过考试”这件事， 表结果)》 -口She always helps others,which is why everyone likes her..(which指代“她总是帮助别人”的 行为，补充说明原因) ·”介词+关系代词”结构的介词选择（根据动词搭配先行词意义） 1.动词固定搭配中的介词 一当定语从句中动词与介词为固定搭配时，介词需提前至关系代词前。 -例句： *口This is the book about which we talked yesterday.(talk about为固定搭配，about提前至which 前) *口The girl to whom he wrote a letter is my sister.(write to为固定搭配，to提前至whom前) 2.先行词表时间/地点原因时的介词 -先行词为时间、地点、原因时，介词需根据先行词意义选择（可替换为关系副词when/where/why)。 -例句： *☐'‖never forget the day on which I met you.(on which=when,先行词day搭配介词on) *口This is the reason for which he left school.(for which=why,先行词reason搭配介词for) ·非限制性定语从句的常见错误（易混淆点） 1.误用that引导 -错误：Shanghai,that is a big city,is in China.(非限制性定语从句不能用that) -正t确：Shanghai,,hich is a big city,is in China. 2.遗漏逗号分隔 -错误：My mother who is a doctor works in a hospital..(非限制性定语从句需用逗号隔开) -正t确：My mother,who is a doctor,works in a hospital 3.介词后误用who/that -错误：The man with who I traveled is my uncle.(介词后指人需用whom) -正确：The man with whom I traveled is my uncle. 知识点三：非限制性定语从句与”介词+关系代词”的句式转换及写作应用 ·关系副词与”介词+关系代词”的转换（高考核心） -when与”介词+which”的转换 *→例句：I still remember the year when I entered college.(转换为：I still remember the year in which I entered college. -where与”介词+which”的转换 *→例句：This is the factory where my father works.(转换为：This is the factory in which my father works.) -why与”介词+which”的转换 *→例句：That's the reason why she refused the offer..(转换为：That's the reason for which she refused the offer. ·”介词+关系代词”结构的写作应用（高考书面表达） 一描述地点场景 *→例句：Our school has a big library,in which there are over100,000 books.(非限制性定语从句 补充说明图书馆特点) 一说明人物关系 *→例句：Mr.Smith,with whom I studied abroad,will visit our school next week.(介词+whom结 构引出人物关联) 一解释事件原因 *→例句：The team won the championship,for which all members had trained hard for months.(for which补充说明胜利原因) ·常见错误对比与修正（高考语法填空） -错误类型1：误用that引导非限制性定语从句 *→错误：y hometown,that has a long history,attracts many tourists. *→正i确：My hometown,which has a long history,attracts many tourists. 一错误类型2：介词后误用主格关系代词 *→错误：The girl about who we talked is our monitor.. *→正确：The girl about whom we talked is our monitor.. 一错误类型3：遗漏必要介词 *→错误：This is the pen which I wrote the letter.. *→正a确：This is the pen with which I wrote the letter.. 高中|英语|沪教版 ENGLISH-高中系列资料（沪教版） 老法一：非限制性定语从句引导词选择 ·核心：根据先行词类型（人物/整个主句）及从句是否为补充说明功能，选择正确的关系代词 (which/who/whom/whose),注意不能用that引导 ·真题1（语法填空）： -My sister,is a doctor,works in a big hospital in Beijing. -答案：who解析：先行词为My sister(指人)，从句为补充说明身份的非限制性定语从句，需用关系 代词who引导。 ·真题2（完形填空）： She passed the driving test successfully,_made her family very proud. A.that B.which C.who D.whose 一答案：B解析：从句指代前面整个主句内容“她成功通过驾照考试”这件事，非限制性定语从句需用 which引导，that不能用于此类从句。 考法二：非限制性定语从句与”介词+关系代词”结构综合运用 ·核心：结合非限制性定语从句的语法规则（逗号分隔、不用tht)与”介词+关系代词”结构（介词提前、 指人用whom/指物用which),判断从句引导词及介词选择 ·真题1（语法填空）： -We visited the Science Museum yesterday,-we saw many interesting exhibitions. -答案：where/.in which解析：先行词the Science Museum为地点，在从句中作状语，可用where或” 介词+which”结构；表示”在博物馆里”用介词in,故填where或in which。 ·真题2（完形填空）： She has a good friend,_she often shares her secrets. A.with whom B.with who C.that D.which -答案：A解析：非限制性定语从句不能用that引导，排除C;先行词friend指人，介词后需用宾格 whom,share with为固定搭配，故选A。 考法三：非限制性定语从句与”介词+关系代词”综合运用 ·核心：结合非限制性定语从句的逗号分隔规则、关系代词选择，以及”介词+关系代词”结构中介词的固 定搭配与先行词意义匹配，实现多知识点融合考查 ·真题1（单项选择）： -Our team won the competition_we had prepared for three months__made our coach very proud. A.whichwhich B.that which C.which that D.where as 一答案：A解析：第一空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词”com petition'”指物且逗号隔开，用which;第二 空引导非限制性定语从句指代整个主句内容，用which。.that不可引导非限制性定语从句，where在 从句中充当地点状语，s引导非限制性定语从句时多译为”正如”，均不符合语境。 ·真题2（语法填空）： -The professor_we discussed the project yesterday is famous for his research_many students are interested. -答案：with whom in which解析：第一空考查”介词+关系代词”，”与教授讨论”用discuss with,先 行词指人，故填with whom;第二空”对研究感兴趣”用be interested in,先行词"research”指物，故 填in which。两空均需注意介词与动词的固定搭配及关系代词的正确选择。 高中1英语|沪教版 ENGLISH-高中系列资料（沪教版） 解题小妙招 非限从句逗号隔，that不用记心窝； 先行指人用who/whom,指物which来掌舵； 指代主句整件事，which替代表结果； 介词提前要注意，指人whom物which; 固定搭配找介词，结合先行辨关系； 多空综合看结构，逐空分析莫着急。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题） 1.My brother,__is studying abroad,sent me a postcard last week. A.which B.who C.that D.whose 2.She won the first prize,_surprised everyone in our class. A.that B.who C.which D.whose 3.This is the village__my grandparents lived for 50 years. A.in which B.with which C.that D.who 4.We visited the museum yesterday,-we saw many ancient artifacts. A.which B.where C.that D.when 5.The girl he talked just now is our new classmate. A.with who B.to whom C.about that D.which 6.He missed the train,-was why he was late for the meeting. A.that B.which C.what D.this 7.This is the reason_he refused to attend the party. A.for which B.with which C.in which D.on which 8.Mr.Li,-we respect deeply,will retire next year. A.which B.whom C.who D.that 9.I'll never forget the day_I graduated from college. A.on which B.in which C.at which D.for which 10.The book_we are talking about was written by Mo Yan. A.which B.with which C.about which D.that 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.My hometown,has a long history,attracts many tourists every year. 2.She bought a new dress,_she wore to the party last night. 3.This is the school _I studied when I was a child. 4.The man_we met yesterday is a famous scientist. 5.He didn't pass the exam,-made his parents very disappointed. 6.This is the house_my grandfather was born. 7.I have a good friend_I often share my happiness and sadness. 8.The reason _he was late is that he missed the bus. 9.We visited the factory_my father works. 10.She always helps others,_is why everyone likes her. 演练三：语法填空（共10空） Last summer,I went to Beijing,_I visited many famous places of interest.The first place I went to was the Great Wall,_is one of the wonders of the world.I met a foreigner there,_I communicated in English. He told me that he came from America,-he had lived for 20 years.We talked about the history of the Great Wall,we both showed great interest. Then I went to the Forbidden City,-I saw many ancient palaces.The guide_we followed introduced the history of each building to us.I took a lot of photos there,_I will show to my friends. On the last day,I visited Tsinghua University,_many excellent students study.I hope I can enter this university some day,_is my dream. 答案 演练一：单项选择 1.B2.C3.A4.B5.B6.B7.A8.C9.A10.A 演练二：填空试题 1.which 2.which 3.where/in which 4.whom/who 5.which 6.where/in which 7.with whom 8.for which/why 9.where/in which 10.which 演练三：语法填空 1.where/in which 2.which 3.with whom 4.where/in which 5.which 6.where/in which 7.whom/ho 8.which 9.where/in which 10.which 高中|英语|沪教版