必修2 定语从句-备战2025-2026学年高中英语上学期期末语法全解（冀教版）

ENGLISH-必修2系列资料（冀教版） Chapter1定语从句 考频分析 定语从句是高中英语句法的重要模块，考频占句法总量的5%左右，贯穿试卷多个核心题型：单项选择 (1-2题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)、阅读理解（辅助理解长难句，间接影响答题效率）。在 语境理解类题目中，定语从句的关系代词、关系副词选择及非限制性定语从句的用法往往是解题关键。 老查内容 高中英语对定语从句的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·关系词选用：关系代词(who,hom,whose,which,that)与关系副词(when,where,why)的指代对 象及句法功能辨析； ·限定性与非限定性定语从句：结构特征（逗号使用）、人语义差异及关系代词that/which的特殊限制； ·特殊用法：”介词+关系代词”结构中介词的选择依据，as引导定语从句的固定搭配（如the same...as, such.as)及与which的区别。 精讲精练 知识点一：定语从句的定义及构成 ·定义（修饰名词代词，补充说明其性质或特征） 一作用：限定或描述先行词（被修饰的名词代词） -例句：口This is the book that I bought yesterday.(限定先行词book,说明是“我昨天买的”那本书) 口She likes the city where she was born..(描述先行词city,说明是“她出生的”城市) ·构成要素（先行词+关系词+从句） -先行词：被修饰的名词/代词（人物/时间/地点等）→例句：The girl who is singing is my sister.(先 行词为the girl) 一关系词：连接主句和从句，指代先行词并在从句中作成分 *关系代词（指人：who/whom/that/whose;指物：which/that/whose)→例句：☐He is the boy whom e met yesterday..(whom指人，作met的宾语)口This is the house which was built in199O.(which 指物，作从句主语) *关系副词（指时间：when;指地点：where;指原因：why)→例句：口I still remember the day when we first met..(when指时间，在从句中作时间状语)This is the reason why he refused the invitation.(hy指原因，在从句中作原因状语) ·关系词的选择（根据先行词类型及在从句中的成分） -指人且作主语/宾语：who/that(主语)、whom/that(宾语，可省略)→例句：口The teacher who teaches us math is very kind.(who作主语)The man(whom)we talked about is a doctor.(whom作宾语， 可省略) -指物且作主语/宾语：hich/that(主语不可省略，宾语可省略)→例句：口The car which is parked outside is mine.(which作主语)口I lost the pen(that)my father gave me.(that作宾语，可省略) -指人/物的所属关系：whose(后接名词)→例句：口This is the girl whose brother is a soldier.(whose 指“女孩的)口I visited the factory whose products are very popular..(whose指“工厂的”) -指时间/地点原因且作状语：when/where/why→例句：口We''ll never forget the year when Hong Kong returned to China.(when作时间状语)This is the place where I grew up.(where作地点状语) 【即学即练】 1.【定语从句构成】定语从句的核心构成要素不包括以下哪一项？ A.先行词 B.关系词 C.从句 D.连接副词however 2.【关系代词选择】请在空格处填入正确的关系代词：The boy_Lis standing at the door is my brother. 3.【关系副词选择】This is the park_I had fun last weekend.以下哪那个选项正确？ A.who B.where C.which D.whose 4.【所属关系】The girl_bag is pink is my classmate.此处应填？ A.who B.whom C.whose D.which 5.【关系词功能】关系代词在定语从句中可作主语、宾语或一，关系副词只能作一。 必修2|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-必修2系列资料（冀教版） 知识点二：定语从句的特殊用法及易错点 ·关系代词that的特殊用法（只能用that的情况） 1.先行词被序数词(first,,second.)、最高级(best,most..)或the only,.the very修饰时例句：口This is the first book that I bought in the bookstore.(先行词被first修饰)口She is the best student that I have ever taught.(先行词被best修饰) 2.先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything等不定代词时例句：☐Everything that he said is true.(先行词为everything)口I want to do something that can help others.(先行词为something) 3.先行词既指人又指物时例句：口Ve talked about the teachers and schools that we visited last week. (先行词为teachers和schools) ·关系代词which的特殊用法（只能用which的情况） 1.引导非限制性定语从句（用逗号与主句隔开，补充说明先行词，不可用that)例句：口She passed the exam,which made her parents very happy.(which指代前面整个句子)口The book,which I bought yesterday,.is very interesting.(which指物，逗号隔开) 2.介词后指物时（介词+which,不可用that)例句：This is the house in which I lived for10 years, (in which=where)I have a dictionary,with which I can look up new words.(with which表“用字 典”) ·关系副词与介词+关系代词的转换 1.where=介词+which(先行词为地点，介词根据从句动词搭配选择)例句：口This is the classroom where I study.This is the classroom in which I study.(study in the classroom) 2.when=介词+which(先行词为时间，介词根据先行词搭配选择)例句：口I still remember the day when we met.I still remember the day on which we met.(on the day) 3.why=for which(先行词为reason,固定搭配for)例句：This is the reason why he was late.= This is the reason for which he was late.(for the reason) ·定语从句与先行词的一致性 1.关系代词指代先行词的单复数，从句谓语动词需与先行词保持一致例句：口The boy who is standing there is my brother.(先行词boy为单数，用is)口The books which are on the desk are mine.(先 行词books为复数，用are) 2.one of+复数名词作先行词时，从句谓语动词用复数；the only one of+复数名词时，从句谓语动词 用单数例句：He is one of the students who are good at English.(students为复数，用are)DHe is the only one of the students who is good at English.(the only one为单数，用is) ·易错点辨析 1.避免重复使用代词（关系词已指代先行词，从句中不可再出现it/them等代词）错误：This is the book that I bought it yesterday.(多it)正t确：This is the book that I bought yesterday. 2.区分定语从句与强调句（强调句结构：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他，去掉It is/was..that 后句子仍完整)例句：口It is the house where I lived.(定语从句，where作状语，去掉Itis..后不完 整)口It is in the house that I lived.(强调句，强调地点in the house,去掉tis..that后为I lived in the house,完整) 3.关系代词whose与who's的区别(whose表“谁的”，后接名词；who's=who is/who has)例句：口 This is the girl whose bag is red.(whose指“女孩的”)口Who's the girl that is standing there? (Who's=Who is) 知识点三：定语从句的分类及省略规则 ·限制性定语从句基础特征（必修核心）： 1.无逗号分隔，与先行词紧密相连，不可省略（否则主句意义不完整）→例句：The girl who wears a red dress is my cousin.(去掉从句则不清楚“哪个女孩”) 2.关系代词作宾语时可省略→例句：This is the pen(that)I used yesterday.(that作used的宾语，可 省略) 3.修饰先行词表“特定范围”→例句：Idon't like the movies that are too scary.(限定“恐怖的”电 影) ·非限制性定语从句基础特征（必修易错）： 1.用逗号与主句隔开，补充说明先行词（可省略，主句意义仍完整）→例句：My hometown,which is in the south,has a warm climate.(逗号隔开，补充说明家乡位置) 2.不可用that引导，指人用who/whom,指物用which→例句：Mr.Li,who teaches us history,is from Beijing.(指人用who) 3.which可指代整个主句内容→例句：He passed the exam,which made his parents very happy, (which指代“通过考试”这件事)》 ·关系代词的省略规则必修核心规则： 1.关系代词作宾语时可省略（适用于限制性定语从句）→例句：The book(that/which)I borrowed from the library is interesting.(that/which作宾语，可省略) 2.指人作宾语时whom可省略→例句：The girl(whom)we met at the party is a singer..(whom作宾 语，可省略) 3.不可省略的情况：作主语、非限制性定语从句中、介词后→例句：口The man who is talking to my father is a lawyer..(who作主语，不可省略)口This is my house,which was built in2oOo.(非限制 性定语从句，which不可省略)口The pen with which he is writing is mine.(介词后用which,不可 省略) 必修2|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-必修2系列资料（冀教版） 考法一：关系代词的选择 ·核心：根据先行词的类型（人物/不定代词等）及关系代词在从句中的成分（主语宾语定语），选择正确 的关系代词 ·真题1（语法填空）： This is the museum_we visited last weekend.It has many ancient artifacts. -答案：that/which解析：先行词为“museum”(指物)，关系代词在从句中作visited的宾语，可用that 或which,且可省略。 ·真题2（单项选择）： The girl_hair is blonde is my new classmate. A.who B.whose C.which D.whom -答案：B解析：先行词为“the girl'”(指人)，关系代词后接名词hair”,表示所属关系，应用whose (…的”)。who/whom指人但不作定语，which指物，均不符合。 考法二：关系词选择与定语从句分类综合应用 ·核心：结合限制性非限制性定语从句的特征（逗号有无、能否省略）及先行词类型、从句成分，选择正 确关系词 ·真题1（语法填空）： The novel,-was written by a famous author,has been translated into 20 languages. -答案：which解析：由逗号可知为非限制性定语从句，先行词为物(novel),关系词在从句中作主语， 非限制性定语从句指物作主语时只能用which。 ·真题2（单项选择）： This is the only one of the books_helpful for my English study. A.which is B.that are C.that is D.which are -答案：C解析：先行词为"the only one of the books”,强调唯一，从句谓语动词与the only one保持 一致用单数；先行词被the only修饰时，关系代词只能用that。 考法三：定语从句综合运用与转换 ·核心：结合定语从句的构成要素、特殊用法及分类，考查关系词选择、句式转换及易错点辨析 ·真题1（单项选择）： We will never forget the day_we saw the first snow this winter which made us very excited A.when B.where C.which D.who 一答案：A解析：先行词为时间名词“the day”,从句中不缺主语或宾语，需用关系副词作时间状语， when符合要求；which为关系代词需在从句中作成分，where表地点，who指人，均不符合。 ·真题2（语法填空）： -The girl_(lose)her key is asking for help.People around are trying to assist her. -答案：who/that lost解析：先行词“the girl'”指人，从句中缺少主语，需用关系代词who或that;由 语境可知“丢失钥匙”为过去发生的动作，从句谓语动词用Iost。 必修2|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-必修2系列资料（冀教版） 解题小妙招 定语从句解题妙招 关系代词选要看先行，人用ho whom that行； 物用which that来对应，whose表所属要分明； 关系代词作成分，主宾定从要确定； 关系副词看状语，时间when地点where; 非限制定语从句，逗号隔开hich先行； the only修饰先行，关系代词只用that; 从句谓语单复数，先行词单复来决定； 转换句式要灵活，关系词选择是核心。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.This is the man_helped me fix my bike yesterday. A.which B.who C.whom D.whose 2.I still remember the village_I spent my childhood. A.when B.where C.that D.which 3.The book_cover is green is mine. A.who B.whom C.whose D.which 4.He is one of the studentswon the first prize in the competition A.which are B.who is C.who are D.that is 5.We talked about the things and persons-we met during the trip. A.which B.that C.who D.whom 6.She has two sons,both of_are doctors. A.whom B.who C.which D.that 7.This is the only dictionary_can help you with your English. A.which B.that C.what D.who 8.The reason_he was late for school is that he missed the bus A.which B.where C.why D.when 9.The filmwe saw last night was very interesting. A.when B.where C.which D.who 10.My brother,_works in Beijing,will come back next week A.who B.whom C.which D.that 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.The girl_is sitting by the window is my sister. 2.This is the park we had a picnic last Sunday. 3.I lost the watch_my mother gave me as a birthday gift. 4.The teacher _class we attended yesterday is from America 5.He told me the story,-made me very happy. 6.Do you know the reason_she refused the invitation? 7.This is the first time_I have visited the Great Wall. 8.The house_roof is red belongs to my uncle. 9.We visited the factory_produces mobile phones 10.The students_are from Class 3 will take part in the competition. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） My hometown is a small town_(1)lies in the south of China.It has a history of over 2,000 years,_(2) makes it a popular tourist attraction.The town center,_(3)many old buildings are preserved,attracts visitors from all over the world. Last year,I met a friend_(4)father is a local historian.He told me stories about the town_(5)I had never heard before.One story was about a hero_(6)saved the town from a flood in the 19th century. The people built a statue in his honor,_(7)stands in the main square now. The best time to visit the town is in spring,_(8)the flowers are in full bloom.I still remember the day (9)I first saw the cherry blossoms there.It was a moment_(10)I will never forget. 答案 演练一：单项选择 1.B2.B3.C4.C5.B6.A7.B8.C9.C10.A 演练二：填空试题 1.who/that 2.where 3.(that/which)4.whose 5.which 6.why 7.that 8.whose 9.which/that 10.who/that 演练三：语法填空 1.which/that 2.which 3.where 4.whose 5.that/which 6.who/that 7.which 8.when 9.when 10.that/which 必修2|英语|冀教版