必修1 祈使句-备战2025-2026学年高中英语上学期期末语法全解（冀教版）

ENGLISH-必修1系列资料（冀教版） Chapter1祈使句 考频分析 祈使句是高中英语句法的重要模块，考频占句法总量的15%左右，涉及试卷多个题型：单项选择(1-2 题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)、书面表达（常见考察，影响语气表达与交际功能）。在语境 理解类题目中，祈使句的语气、结构及交际意图往往是解题关键。 老查内容 高中英语对祈使句的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·基本结构形式：肯定式（动词原形开头）、否定式(Don't/Never+动词原形)、Iet型(Let+宾语+动词 原形)的构成规则； ·特殊用法辨析：No+动名词结构的警示功能，祈使句与and/or引导的并列句的逻辑关系，以动词原形开 头的强调句(Do+动词原形)； ·句式转换应用：祈使句与陈述句的语气转换，反意疑问句的附加疑问部分(will you/won't you),在情景 对话中的礼貌表达(Please置于句首/句未)。 精讲精练 知识点一：祈使句的结构及用法 ·基本结构（动词原形开头，省略主语you) -肯定式：动词原形+其他成分→例句：Open the window,please.(请打开窗户) -否定式：Dont+动词原形+其他成分→例句：Don't play football in the street.(不要在街上踢足球) ·特殊结构（强调或委婉语气） -Let型祈使句：Let+宾语+动词原形→例句：Let's go to the park.(让我们去公园吧) -No型祈使句（表禁止）：No+名词/动名词→例句：No smoking.(禁止吸烟) ·附加疑问句（加强语气，多用will you/won't you) -肯定祈使句+will you?→例句：Pass me the pen,will you？(递给我钢笔，好吗？) -否定祈使句+will you?→例句：Don't be late,will you?(别迟到，好吗) -Let's开头的祈使句+shall we?→例句：Let's watch TV,shall we?(我们看电视吧，好吗) 【即学即练】 1.【基本结构】下列哪个是正确的否定祈使句？ A.You not open the door. B.Don't open the door. C.Not open the door. D.Don't opening the door. 2.【Let型祈使句】请补全句子：_(let)us go shopping this weekend. 3.【附加疑问句】"Let's play basketball after school,,”后面应接哪个附加疑问句？ A.will you? B.won't you? C.shall we? D.do we? 4.【No型祈使句】”禁止拍照”的正确英文表达是？ A.No photo B.No photos. C.Don't photos. D.Not take photos. 5.【肯定祈使句】祈使句的肯定式以开头，省略主语一。 必修1|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-必修1系列资料（冀教版） 知识点二：祈使句的语气及交际功能 ·委婉语气祈使句（请求、建议，使语气更礼貌） 1.常用结构 -Please+动词原形→例句：Please close the door..(请关上门) -Could/Will you+动词原形→例句：Could you help me with this bag?(你能帮我拿这个包吗？) -Nould you mind+动名词→例句：Nould you mind opening the window?(你介意打开窗户吗) 2.否定委婉式 -Could/Would you not+动词原形→例句：Could you not speak so loudly?(你能别这么大声说话 吗？) -Nould you mind not+动名词→例句：Would you mind not smoking here?(你介意别在这里吸烟 吗) ·强调语气祈使句（加强命令、警告或催促语气） 1.副词强调 -Do+动词原形→例句：Do come on time tomorrow!(明天务必准时来！) -Never+动词原形→例句：Never touch the machine when it's working!(机器运转时千万别碰！) 2.感叹号与重复动词 -动词原形+感叹号→例句：Stop！(停！) -动词原形+and+动词原形→例句：Hurry up and finish your meal!(快点吃完饭！) ·禁止与警告类祈使句（明确禁止危险或不当行为） 1.直接禁止(No型扩展) -No+名词复数/动名词→例句：No photos..(禁止拍照)、No parking here..(此处禁止停车) 2.警告语气 -Be+形容词！→例句：Be careful!(小W心！)、Be quiet in the library!(图书馆里保持安静！) -Don't+动词原形+or+后果→例句：Don't run in the hallway or you''ll fall..(别在走廊跑，否则会 摔倒的) ·邀请与提议类祈使句（用于日常交际中的邀请或共同行动） 1.邀请结构 -Let's+动词原形（包含说话者）→例句：Let's have dinner together tonight..(今晚我们一起吃饭 吧) -Why not+动词原形→例句：hy not join us for a walk?(为什么不和我们一起散步呢？) 2.提议结构 -Shall we+动词原形→例句：Shall we go to the cinema this weekend?(这周末我们去看电影好 吗2) -Just+动词原形→例句：Just sit down and relax..(就坐下来放松一下吧) ·祝愿类祈使句（表达祝福或愿望） 1.固定搭配 -May+主语+动词原形→例句：May you succeed!(祝你成功！) -Long live+主语→例句：Long live peace!(和平万岁！) 2.日常祝福 -Have a good day！(祝你今天愉快！)、入Enjoy your trip！(旅途愉快！)、Take care！(保重！) ·条件式祈使句（表示条件与结果的关联） 1.肯定条件 -祈使句+and+陈述句→例句：Vork hard and you will pass the exam.(努力学习，你就会通过 考试) 2.否定条件 -祈使句+or+陈述句→例句：Hurry up or you'll miss the bus.(快点，否侧你会错过公交车) 知识点三：祈使句的常见错误及辨析 ·结构混淆错误（高频易错） 1.主语误用 -错误：You open the window.(祈使句无需主语you) -正确：Open the window. 2.动词形式错误 -错误：Opening the door,,please.(避免用动名词开头) -正确：Open the door,please. 3.否定式混淆 -错误：Not play in the river..(否定需用Don't+动词原形) -正确：Don't play in the river.. ·语气表达不当（语法应用） 1.委婉请求误用 -错误：Open the window,mind you?(不符合委婉结构) -正确：Nould you mind opening the window? 2.强调语气缺失 -错误：Come here on time.(需加强调词表命令) -正确：Do come here on time! 3.禁止语气混淆 -错误：Don't smoking here.(Not动名词表禁止) -正确：No smoking here. ·附加疑问句搭配错误（句式结构） 1.Lets型错误 -错误：Let's go shopping,.will you?(Let's需用shall we) -正确：Let's go shopping,shall we? 2.肯定祈使句错误 -错误：Pass the salt,won't you?(肯定式用will you) -正确：Pass the salt,will you? 3.否定祈使句错误 -错误：Don't shout,.shall we？(否定式用will you) -正确：Don't shout,.will you? ·条件式祈使句连接词错误（逻辑关系） 1.肯定条件错误 -错误：Study hard or you'll succeed.(肯定条件用and) -正确：Study hard and you'll succeed. 2.否定条件错误 -错误：Hurry up and you''ll be late.(否定条件用or) -正确：Hurry up or you'l be late. ·非祈使句误判（易混句型） 1.与陈述句混淆 -错误：You must be quiet.(祈使句无需情态动词) -正确：Be quiet!! 2.与感叹句混淆 -错误：How careful drive!(感叹句需用形容词/副词) -正确：Drive carefully！ 3.与疑问句混淆 -错误：Can you closing the door?(疑问句需用动词原形) -正确：Could you close the door? 必修1|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-必修1系列资料（冀教版） 考法一：祈使句结构辨析 ·核心：根据语境判断祈使句的基本结构（肯定式、否定式、Lt型、No型）及附加疑问句的正确搭配 ·真题1（语法填空）： --(not be)late for class again,or the teacher will be angry. -答案：Don'tbe解析：由语境“不要再上课迟到”可知是否定祈使句，结构为“Dont+动词原形”，be 动词原形直接使用，故填Don't be. ·真题2（完形填空）： --quiet in the library,please.Everyone is reading. A.Be B.Being C.To be D.Are -答案：A解析：本句为肯定祈使句，结构为“动词原形+其他成分”，quit为形容词，需用be动词 原形开头，故选A。 考法二：祈使句结构与语气辨析 ·核心：结合祈使句的基本结构、特殊结构及附加疑问句规则，判断不同语气（委婉、强调、禁止等）下 的句式正确性及交际功能匹配 ·真题1（语法填空）： -Would you mind_(not smoke)here?This is a non-smoking area. -答案：not smoking解析：根据知识点二“委婉语气祈使句”中“Vould you mind not+动名词”结 构，此处需用动名词的否定形式not smoking,表达委婉的禁止请求。 ·真题2（单项选择）： --quiet in the library,_ A.Be;will you B.Being;won't you C.To be;shall we D.Be;shall we -答案：A解析：第一空考查知识点一“基本结构”，祈使句以动词原形开头，用Be;第二空考查附加 疑问句规则，肯定祈使句后用will you,故选A。 考法三：祈使句综合运用与纠错 ·核心：结合结构、语气及常见错误，在语境中判断祈使句的正确形式，辨析语法错误 ·真题1（单项选择）： -_the door,please?It's too noisy outside. A.Close B.To close C.Closing D.Closed 一答案：A解析：祈使句以动词原形开头，省略主语you,此处表请求用肯定式基本结构，故选A。 ·真题2（语法填空）： -Nould you mind not._(smoke)here？The sign says“No smoking” 一答案：smoking解析：“Nould you mind not+动名词”是委婉请求的否定结构，smoke的动名词形 式为smoking;句中No smoking”也提示此处需用动名词，符合知识点二委婉语气及知识点三禁止 类祈使句的用法。 必修1|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-必修1系列资料（冀教版） 解题小妙招 祈使结构看语气，肯定原形开头记； 否定Don't加原形，No型名词动名跟； Let型结构let开头，us/me//宾格随后行； 委婉请求有技巧，Nould you mind后动名； 附加疑问要注意，肯定will you否定用； Let's开头shall we,其余情况will you替； 解题先辨句型类，再看搭配和语境； 遇到动词选原形，名词动名No型里； 牢记结构和语气，祈使难题迎刃解。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题） 1.the window,please.It's getting hot in the room. A.Open B.Opening C.To open D.Opened 2.-late for the meeting,will you? A.Not be B.Don't be C.Not to be D.Won't be 3.Let's go for a walk after dinner,-? A.will you B.won't you C.shall we D.do we 4.-quiet!The baby is sleeping. A.Be B.Being C.Tobe D.Are 5.Would you mindthe door?It's cold outside. A.close B.to close C.closing D.closed 6.-hard,and you will pass the final exam. A.Study B.Studying C.To study D.Studied 7.touch the wet paint!It's still drying. A.Not B.Don't C.No D.Doesn't 8.Do__your best in the competition tomorrow! A.try B.to try C.trying D.tried 9._you help me carry this box to the car? A.Could B.Must C.Should D.May 10.Never_lies to your parents,or you'll lose their trust. A.tell B.tells C.telling D.to tell 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.-(not run)in the hallway,or you may fall down. 2.Let's(have)a picnic in the park this Sunday,shall we? 3.-(be)careful when you cross the street! 4.Would you mind_(not make)noise here?The students are taking an exam. 5.(do)come to my birthday party tomorrow-I really want to see you! 6.-(hurry)up,or we'll miss the first bus. 7.No_(smoke)in the hospital,please. 8.Could you_(pass)me the dictionary on the desk? 9.-(not forget)to call your mother when you arrive at the hotel. 10.Work hard and you_(achieve)your dreams. 演练三：语法填空（共10空） Dear students, Welcome to the school library!To ensure a quiet and pleasant environment for everyone,please follow these rules: 1.(keep)your voice down at all times.No shouting or loud conversations are allowed.2.(not eat) or drink in the reading area-food and drinks may damage the books.3.Let's_(respect)the library staff and follow their instructions.4.If you need help finding a book,_(ask)the librarian for assistance.5. _(return)borrowed books on time,or you will be fined.6.Would you mind_(not use)your phone in the silent study room?7.-(do)take care of the books-don't write or draw on them.8._(put)books back in their original places after reading.9.No_(run)in the library-walk slowly to avoid accidents.10. -(enjoy)your time here and make the most of our resources! 答案 演练一：单项选择 1.A2.B3.C4.A5.C6.A7.B8.A9.A10.A 演练二：填空试题 1.Don't run 2.have 3.Be 4.not making 5.Do 6.Hurry 7.smoking 8.pass 9.Don't forget 10.will achieve 演练三：语法填空 1.Keep 2.Don't eat 3.respect 4.ask 5.Return 6.not using 7.Do 8.Put 9.running 10.Enjoy 必修1|英语|冀教版