必修1 直接引语与间接引语的转换-备战2025-2026学年高中英语上学期期末语法全解（冀教版）

ENGLISH-必修1系列资料（冀教版） Chapter1直接引语与间接引语的转换 考频分析 直接引语与间接引语的转换是高中英语语法的重要考点，考频占语法总量的10%左右，主要分布在以下 题型：单项选择(1-2题)、语法填空（1题)、短文改错（1-2题)。在这些题目中，时态、人称、指示代 词、时间状语和地点状语的转换是考察的核心，需要结合语境准确判断引语的实际意义。 考查内容 高中英语对直接引语与间接引语的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖转换规则与语境应用： ·人称代词转换：一随主、二随宾、三不变的基本原则及特殊语境调整； ·时态与状语变化：一般现在时转一般过去时、一般将来时转过去将来时等时态呼应规则，以及here/there、 now/then、today/that day等指示代词和时间状语的转换； ·句式结构转换：陈述句、疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句）、祈使句在间接引语中的引导词选择 (that/if/whether/疑问词)及语序调整（疑问句变陈述句语序）。 精讲精练 知识点一：直接引语与间接引语的转换 ·直接引语（原封不动引用他人话语，需加引号） -构成要素：引号内为原话，句末标点在引号内，需说明说话人及动作(say/tell/speak等) -例句：口She said,"I will go to Beijing tomorrow..”(直接引用原话，用引号标注)口He asked,"Do you like reading?”(直接引语为疑问句，句末用问号) ·间接引语（转述他人话语，无需引号，需调整时态、人称、指示代词等） -时态变化规则（主句为过去时）：一般现在时→一般过去时(He says-He said);现在进行时→过去 进行时(She is reading→She was reading);一般将来时→过去将来时(I will come-I would come) -例句：口She said(that)she would go to Beijing the next day.(直接引语一般将来时wi-→过去将 来时would,.tomorrow-→the next day)·He asked if/whether I liked reading.(直接引语疑问句用 if/whether引导，助动词do删除，动词like变为过去式liked) ·人称代词转换（根据转述语境调整） -第一人称(Iwe)根据主句主语变化(She said,"I am happy.”→She said(that)she was happy.) -第二人称(you)→根据主句宾语或语境变化(He told me,"You are right.”He told me(that)Iwas right.) -例句：They said,"We will finish our work.”→They said(that)they would finish their work.(we→they, our→their) ·指示代词与时间状语转换 -指示代词：this-that;these-those(She said,"This is my book.”→She said(that)that was her book.) -时间状语：now-→then;today--→that day;yesterday-→the day before;tomorrow→the next day -He said,"I met her yesterday."He said(that)he had met her the day before.(yesterday-the day before,met为过去时，主句为过去时，此处met保持过去时) 【即学即练】 1.【直接引语转间接引语（时态）】He said,."I am watching TV now.”转换为间接引语应为？ A.He said that he is watching TV now. B.He said that he was watching TV then. C.He said that I am watching TV then. D.He said that I was watching TV now. 2.【人称代词转换】She told me,"You should study hard."转换为间接引语时，you应变为：一 3.【时间状语转换】"tomorrow”在间接引语中应转换为： A.the next day B.yesterday C.that day D.the day before 4.【指示代词转换】He said,"These books are mine.”转换为间接引语时，these应变为： A.this B.that C.those D.they 5.【疑问句转换】She asked,”Do you like music?”转换为间接引语时，引导词用一，语序需变为。 必修1」英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-必修1系列资料（冀教版） 知识点二：定语从句关系词用法与分类 ·关系代词（指人物，作主语宾语定语） 1.指人：who(主语/宾语)、whom(宾语)、whose(定语) 一例句： -口The girl who is standing there is my sister.(who指人，作主语) -口This is the teacher whom we met yesterday.(whom指人，作宾语，可省略) -口I know the boy whose father is a doctor..(whose指人，作定语，修饰father) 2.指物：which(主语/宾语)、that(主语/宾语，可指人/物) 一例句： -口The book which lies on the desk is mine.(which指物，作主语) -口This is the house that we visited last week.(that指物，作宾语，可省略) -口The girl that won the prize is from our class.(that指人，作主语) ·关系副词（指时间地点原因，作状语） 1.when(指时间，先行词为时间名词) -结构：先行词+when+完整句子(when在从句中作时间状语) -例句：I still remember the day when we first met..(先行词day为时间名词，when作时间状语) 2.where(指地点，先行词为地点名词) -结构：先行词+where+完整句子(where在从句中作地点状语) -例句：This is the school where I studied10 years ago.(先行词school为地点名词，where作地 点状语) 3.why(指原因，先行词为reason) -结构：先行词reason+why+完整句子(why在从句中作原因状语) -例句：Tell me the reason why you were late..(先行词reason,why作原因状语) ·限定性与非限定性定语从句 1.限定性：无逗号隔开，不可省略，修饰先行词（如上述所有例句） 2.非限定性：有逗号隔开，可省略，补充说明先行词（不可用tht) 一例句： -☐My brother,who is a teacher,,lives in Beijing.(逗号隔开，who不可换为that) -口The novel,.which I read last month,is very interesting.(逗号隔开，补充说明novel) ·特殊用法（介词+关系代词/as引导）》 1.介词+关系代词(whom/which,不可用that) -例句：The man with whom I talked just now is my boss..(介词with提前，指人用whom) 2.as引导(such...as/so..as/the same.as,代指整个句子) 一例句： -☐This is such a beautiful city as I have never seen.(as指物，作seen的宾语) -·He failed the exam,as we expected.(as代指整个主句内容，意为“正如") 知识点三：名词性从句 ·主语从句（充当句子主语） -常用引导词及用法： *口that(无意义，不充当成分，不可省)→例句：That she will come to the party surprises us all.. *口whether(是否，不可省)→例句：hether we can finish the project on time depends on our teamwork *口what(什么，充当主语/宾语/表语)→例句：/hat he said at the meeting made everyone excited. *OhoW(如何，作方式状语)→例句：How we can solve this problem is still a question. ·宾语从句（充当动词介词宾语） -时态一致规则（主句为过去时）： *口一般现在时→一般过去时(He thinks→He thought) *口一般将来时→过去将来时(She will go→She would go) 一例句： *口She told me(that)she had finished her homework.(主句过去时，从句用过去完成时) *口Idon't know if/whether he will attend the lecture.(if/whether表“是否”，不可用that) *☐Ve are talking about what we should do next.(介词about后接宾语从句，what作do宾语) ·表语从句（位于系动词后作表语） -常见系动词搭配：be/look/seem/become+表语从句 一例句： *The fact is that we lost the game.(that引导表语从句，不可省) *口My question is how we can get there on time.(how作方式状语) *口This is what I want to say.(what作say的宾语) ·同位语从句（解释说明名词内容） -常接同位语从句的名词：fact/news/idea/hope/question -例句： *We heard the news that our team won.(that解释news内容，不可省) *口There is no doubt that he will succeed.(doubt后的同位语从句用that) *☐I have a question whether it will rain tomorrow.(whether表“是否”) 必修1|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-必修1系列资料（冀教版） 老法一：直接引语转间接引语 ·核心：根据主句时态及语境，调整间接引语的时态、人称代词、指示代词及时间状语 ·真题1（语法填空）： He said,"I will call you tomorrow."-He said that he _call me_. -答案：would the next day解析：直接引语中一般将来时will在主句为过去时said后需转换为过去将 来时would;时间状语tomorrow需转换为the next day. ·真题2（单项选择）： -She told me,"These books are mine." A.this was hers B.those were hers C.these are mine D.those are his -答案：B解析：直接引语中these需转换为those;主句为过去时told,原句一般现在时are需转换为 过去时were;第一人称mine根据语境转换为hers,故选B。 考法二：直接引语与宾语从句融合转换 ·核心：将直接引语转换为间接引语时，需结合宾语从句的时态、引导词及语序规则进行综合调整 ·真题1（语法填空）： She asked me,"When will you finish your homework?"She asked me when I _(finish)my home- work. -答案：would finish解析：直接引语为特殊疑问句，转换为间接引语时用原疑问词when引导宾语从 句，从句需用陈述语序；主句谓语asked为过去时，直接引语中一般将来时will finish需改为过去将 来时would finish。 ·真题2（单项选择）： Tom said,"I am reading a novel now."Tom said that he_a novel_. A.reads;now B.was reading;then C.is reading;then D.read;now -答案：B解析：直接引语为现在进行时，主句said为过去时，间接引语中需改为过去进行时was reading;时间状语now在间接引语中需转换为then,故选B。 考法三：直接引语转间接引语中的从句综合运用 ·核心：在直接引语转换为间接引语时，正确运用定语从句和名词性从句的引导词，同时调整时态、人称 及状语 ·真题1（单项选择）： -She said,"The girl who is wearing a red dress helped me yesterday."She said that the girl_a red dress had helped her_ A.who wore;the day before B.which wore;yesterday C.who is wearing;the day before D.that wears;that day -答案：A解析：直接引语中包含定语从句"who is wearing a red dress'”,转换为间接引语时，主句为过 去时，从句时态由现在进行时(is wearing)变为过去进行时(wore/who wore);关系代词指人且作主语 用who/that,.选项A符合；时间状语yesterday需转换为the day before。. ·真题2（语法填空）： -He asked me,"Do you know the reason why she was late for the meeting?"-He asked me_I knew the reason_she had been late for the meeting. -答案：if/whether;;why解析：直接引语为一般疑问句，转换为间接引语时用if/whether引导宾语从句； 原句中"the reason why..”为定语从句，转换后保留关系副词hy(先行词为reason且在从句中作原 因状语)；从句时态由过去时(was late)变为过去完成时(had been late)。 必修1|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-必修1系列资料（冀教版） 解题小妙招 直接引语转间接引语妙招 主句过去时态定，间接引语时态随； 一般将来变过去(would/should+动原)，现在进行改过去(was/were+-doing); 现在完成转过去(had+done),现在一般变过去（动词过去式）； 指示代词this/these,转换that/those要牢记； 时间状语today改that day,tomorrow变为the next day; now变成then,yesterday换the day before; 人称代词看主语，一随主来二随宾，第三人称不用变； 特殊问句引词留，陈述语序要记牢； 定语从句引导词，who指人which物，时态随主句调整好。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.He said,"I am learning English now." A.he learns;now B.he was learning;then C.I am learning;then D.I was learning;now 2.My mother told me,"You should finish your homework today." A.I should finish her homework that day B.she should finish my homework today C.I should finish my homework that day D.you should finish your homework today 3.The teacher asked,"Who broke this window yesterday?" A.who broke that window the day before B.who had broken that window the day before C.who broke this window yesterday D.whom broke that window the day before 4.She said,"These books are not mine." A.this book was not hers B.those books were not hers C.these books are not mine D.those books are not his 5.The girl is talking to Tom is my cousin. A.whom B.which C.who D.whose 6.This is the factory_my father worked 10 years ago. A.where B.that C.which D.when 7.I don't know _he will come to the party tomorrow. A.that B.if C.what D.which 8.The news_our team won the game made everyone excited. A.which B.what C.that D.when 9.He asked me,"How can I solve this problem?" A.how he can solve that problem B.how can he solve this problem C.how he could solve that problem D.how could he solve that problem 10.This is such a difficult question_no one can answer. A.as B.which C.that D.what 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.He said,"I will visit you next week."-He said that he-visit me_. 2.She asked,"Do you like swimming?"-She asked if I-swimming. 3.They told us,"We have finished our work."-They told us that they _finished_work. 4.The boy_father is a doctor studies very hard.(填关系代词) 5.I still remember the day_we first met.(填关系副词) 6.My question is_we can get to the station on time.(填S导词) 7.She said,"This is my favorite movie."She said that_was-favorite movie. 8.He asked,"Where did you go yesterday?"-He asked where I_ 9.The fact_the earth is round is known to everyone.(t填引导词) 10.Ne heard the news_our teacher would come back soon..(填引导词) 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） Last Monday,my friend Lucy came to me and said,"I found a book_1.-(write)by Mo Yan in the library yesterday.It's so interesting that I_2.-(read)it all night."I was surprised and asked,"3.-did you find it?"She replied,"A librarian_4.works there helped me.She said,'This book is very popular,so you-5.-return it in a week.'" The next day,Lucy told me that she_6.-(finish)the book and planned to return it.I asked her,"What do you think of the story?"She smiled and said,"The main character is a boy_7.-_family was very poor, but he never gave up.His spirit is_8._I admire most. Later,I went to the library to borrow the same book.The librarian told me,"Many students want to read it, so you_9.-(need)to wait for two days."I nodded and thought,"The book_10.-Lucy recommended must be really great.” 答案 演练一：单项选择 1.B2.C3.B4.B5.C6.A7.B8.C9.C10.A 演练二：填空试题 1.would;the next week 2.liked 3.had;their 4.whose 5.when 6.how/whether 7.that;her 8.had gone the day before 9.that 10.that 演练三：语法填空 1.written 2.read 3.Where 4.who/that 5.must/should 6.had finished 7.whose 8.what 9.will need 10.that/which 必修1|英语|冀教版