选修1 非限定性定语从句-备战2025-2026学年高中英语上学期期末语法全解（人教版）

ENGLISH-选修1系列资料（人教版） Chapter1非限定性定语从句 考频分析 非限定性定语从句是高中英语语法的重要模块，考频占语法总量的8%左右，主要分布在核心题型：阅读 理解（长难句分析）、语法填空(1-2题)、短文改错(1题)、书面表达（提升句式丰富度与逻辑性）。在语 篇理解与表达中，非限定性定语从句对补充说明信息、连接逻辑关系起着关键作用。 老查内容 高中英语对非限定性定语从句的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·基本构成与标识：关系代词(which/who/whom/whose/as)和关系副词(where/when/why)的选用规则， 逗号与主句的分隔特征； ·关系词功能辨析：which指代物、who/whom指代人、whose表示所属关系的具体用法，as用于特定句 式(as is known等)的固定搭配； ·句法功能与区别：补充说明先行词的附加信息作用，与限定性定语从句在意义、结构（逗号有无）及翻 译方式上的差异。 精讲精练 知识点一：非限定性定语从句的定义及用法 ·定义（起补充说明作用，与主句用逗号隔开） -特点：删除后不影响主句意思；不可用tht引导；关系代词副词不可省略 -例句：口My brother,.who is a teacher,lives in Beijing.(补充说明哥哥的职业)口She visited Shanghai,, where she was born.(补充说明上海与她的关系) ·关系代词引导（指人物，在从句中作主语宾语定语） -指人：who(主语)、whom(宾语)→例句：Our monitor,,whom everyone likes,studies very hard. (whom作宾语) -指物：which(主语/宾语)→例句：The book,which I bought yesterday,,is very interesting.(which 作宾语) -表所属：whose(定语)→例句：I met Mary,whose father is a doctor.(whose修饰father) ·关系副词引导（指时间地点原因，在从句中作状语） -时间：when→例句：Ne will never forget July1st,1997,when Hong Kong returned to China, -地点：where→例句：e visited the Summer Palace,where many tourists take photos every day.. -原因：why(仅修饰reason)→例句：He was late,for which reason we didn't wait for him.(=why, 但常用for which) ·特殊用法（指代整个主句内容） -结构：which/as+从句(which不可放句首，as可译为“正如”) -例句：He passed the exam,hich made his parents very happy.(which指代主句“通过考试”这 件事)口As we all know,the earth is round.(as放句首，表“众所周知") 【即学即练】 1.【定义辨析】下列关于非限定性定语从句的说法错误的是？ A.删除后不影响主句意思 B.可用that引导 C.与主句用逗号隔开 D.关系代词不可省略 2.【关系代词选择】My sister,,Lis a nurse,works in a hospital.(填写正确的关系代词) 3.【关系副词选择】Ve will never forget the day_we graduated from middle school. A.which B.when C.who D.whose 4.【特殊用法】Lis known to all,the moon goes around the earth. A.Which B.That C.As D.What 5.【所属关系】The girl,_hair is black,is my classmate.(填写正确的关系代词) 选修1|英语|人教版 ENGLISH-选修1系列资料（人教版） 知识点二：非限定性定语从句与限定性定语从句的对比及易混点辨析 ·本质区别（功能与句法地位） 1.限定性定语从句（不可省略，与先行词紧密绑定） -特点：删除后主句意思不完整；修饰特定先行词，缩小范围；无逗号隔开；可用tht引导；关系代 词作宾语时可省略 -例句：The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister..(删除从句后“the girl is my sister”指代不 明，需通过从句限定“穿红裙子的女孩”) 2.非限定性定语从句（可省略，补充说明） -特点：删除后主句意思完整；仅补充先行词额外信息；必须用逗号隔开；不可用tht引导；关系代 词/副词不可省略（与知识点一定义呼应但侧重对比） -例句：ly sister,who is wearing a red dress,is a teacher.(删除从句后“我姐姐是老师”语义完 整，从句仅补充“穿红裙子”这一附加特征) ·关系词使用差异（高频考点对比） 1.指人时关系词选择 -限定性：who/whom/that(that可替换who/whom);作宾语时whom可省略 -例句：The student(whom/that)the teacher praised won the prize.(whom/that作宾语可省略) -非限定性：who/whom(不可用that)；whom不可省略 -例句：Li Ming,whom the teacher praised,won the prize.(不可用that,whom不可省略) 2.指物时关系词选择 -限定性：which/that(that可替换which);作宾语时which可省略 -例句：This is the book(which/.that)I bought yesterday.(which/that作宾语可省略) -非限定性：which(不可用that);which不可省略 -例句：This book,which I bought yesterday,.is very interesting.(不可用that,which不可省略，与 知识点一例句呼应但对比限定性用法) 3.指代整个主句时 一限定性：无此用法（限定性从句必须修饰具体先行词） -非限定性：用which/as(如知识点一特殊用法所述) -例句：He failed the exam,hich surprised everyone.(which仅用于非限定性从句指代主句) ·易混点专项辨析（高中常见错误类型） 1.逗号缺失/多余错误（句法格式错误） -错误：The city which I was born is Beijing.(限定性从句误作非限定性，缺逗号；且born后需加介 词in,此处为双重错误) -正确：The city where I was born is Beijing.(限定性从句，无逗号，用关系副词where) -正t确：Beijing,where I was born,is a beautiful city.(非限定性从句，必须加逗号) 2.that误用错误（语法规侧错误） -错误：My mother that is a doctor works in a hospital..(先行词my mother指人，非限定性从句误 用that) -正确：My mother,who is a doctor,works in a hospital.(非限定性从句用who) 3.先行词模糊错误（逻辑指代错误） -错误：I have a sister,.she is a nurse.(逗号连接两个独立分句，语法错误，需用非限定性从句) -正确：I have a sister,who is a nurse.(who引导非限定性从句，指代先行词sister,避免句子粘连) ·高考真题改编对比练习（按人教版高中难度） 1.限定性从句单选(2023·全国甲卷改编) We visited the museum _has a collection of ancient coins -A.who B.which C.where D.what -(答案：B。先行词museum指物，限定性从句缺主语，用which/that,.选项中无that,故选B) 2.非限定性从句单选(2022·新高考1卷改编) The book,-cover is green,was written by Mo Yan. -A.which B.that C.whose D.whom -(答案：C。非限定性从句中表所属关系，用whose修饰cover,不可用that,符合知识点一whose 用法且结合限定性对比考点) 知识点三：非限定性定语从句的翻译技巧及写作应用 ·翻译技巧（汉译英关键策略） 1.前置译法（短从句紧接先行词） -适用场景：从句较短(35词)，补充说明特征时 -例句：我的父亲，一位医生，在市中心医院工作。→My father,who is a doctor,works in the city center hospital.(将“一位医生”译为who引导的非限定性从句，前置补充说明father) 2.后置译法（长从句独立成句） -适用场景：从句较长(6词以上)，含复杂信息时 -例句：我们参观了故宫博物院，那里收藏着大量明清时期的文物。→Ne visited the Palace Museum, where a large number of cultural relics from the Ming and Qing dynasties are collected. 里收藏着…文物”译为where引导的从句，后置独立说明地点特征) 3.转换译法（调整句式表达逻辑） 一适用场景：中文无对应逗号结构，需转化为并列句时 -例句：他通过了驾驶考试，这件事让全家人都很开心。→He passed the driving test,which made the whole family very happy..(将“这件事”译为which指代前文，避免重复主语) ·写作应用（高分句式模板） 1.人物介绍模板（书面表达常考） 一基础模板：主语（人物）+基本信息，Who+性格职业/爱好 -例句：李华，我们班的班长，总是乐于助人。→Li Hua,our monitor,.who is always ready to help others..(错误：缺谓语，修正→iHua,our monitor,,is always ready to help others.) -正确模板：主语，who+从句，+谓语+其他. -例句：我的英语老师王老师，她毕业于北京大学，教学经验丰富。→My English teacher Ms.Wang, who graduated from Peking University,has rich teaching experience. 2.事物描述模板（说明文必备） -基础模板：主语（事物）+基本特征，which+功能/意义. -例句：智能手机，一种便携设备，可以用来上网和通讯。→Smartphones,which are portable devices, can be used for surfing the Internet and communicating. 3.观点表达模板（议论文加分句型） -高级模板：As+从句（众所周知正如…所示），主句. -例句：正如数据显示，越来越多的学生选择在线学习。→As the data shows,an increasing number of students choose online learning. 4.事件总结模板（记叙文结尾） 一适用场景：总结事件影响时 -例句：我们举办了一场慈善义卖，筹集了2000元捐款，这些钱将用于帮助贫困儿童。→Ne held a charity sale and raised 2000 yuan,which will be used to help poor children. ·常见写作错误修正（考场避坑指南） 1.逗号连接错误(Run-on sentence) -错误：我的家乡是青岛，它以啤酒和海鲜闻名。→My hometown is Qingdao,it is famous for beer and seafood.(逗号连接两个独立分句，语法错误) -正确：My hometown is Qingdao,which is famous for beer and seafood.(用which引导非限定性 从句) 2.指代不明错误 -错误：小明送给我-本书，这让我很感动。→Xiaoming gave me a book,this moved me a lot.(this 不能单独引导从句) -正t确：Xiaoming gave me a book,which moved me a lot.(用which指代“送书”这件事) 3.关系词误用错误 -错误：我最喜欢的季节是秋天，那时天气凉爽。→My favorite season is autumn,that the weather is cool.(非限定性从句用that) -正t确：My favorite season is autumn,when the weather is cool.(用when指代时间) ·高考写作真题演练(2024●新课标卷改编) 一写作任务：介绍你校英语角活动，包含时间、地点、内容及意义(100词左右) -参考范文片段：Our school English corner,which is held every Friday afternoon in the library,attracts over50 students each time.(非限定性从句补充时间地点)Participants can practice oral English with foreign teachers,which greatly improves their speaking skills.(which指代“与外教练习”的效果) As many students say,the English corner has become a popular platform to make friends and learn English.(as引导非限定性从句表“正如…所说”) 选修1|英语|人教版 ENGLISH-选修1系列资料（人教版） 老法一：非限定性定语从句关系词的选择与应用 ·核心：根据先行词类型（人物时间地点/整个主句）及从句成分（主语宾语状语），选择正确的关系代 词(who/whom/which/whose/.as)或关系副词(when/where),并遵循非限定性定语从句的语法规则（不 可用that,必须用逗号隔开，关系词不可省略) ·真题1（语法填空）： -The old town has many interesting shops,__sell traditional local products. 一答案：which解析：先行词为“shops”(指物)，在从句中作主语，非限定性定语从句不可用that,故 用which引导，且不可省略。 ·真题2（完形填空）： -Mr.Smith,_is our new math teacher,comes from Canada. -A.who B.that C.whom D.which -答案：A解析：先行词为“Mr.Smith”(指人)，在从句中作主语，非限定性定语从句不可用that,whom 作宾语，which指物，故用who引导。 考法二：非限定性定语从句与限定性定语从句对北比辨析 ·核心：根据上下文逻辑及句法特征，区分两种从句的功能差异，选择正确的关系词并判断逗号使用规则 ·真题1（语法填空）： -The novel _cover is blue was written by Mo Yan.I finished reading it last week,_made me think a lot about life -答案：whose;which解析：第一空先行词novel与cover构成所属关系，且从句无逗号隔开为限定 性定语从句，用whose;第二空逗号后为非限定性定语从句，指代前文”读完小说”整件事，用which。 ·真题2（完形填空）： -We are going to visit the school_my father taught 20 years ago.The school,has a history of over 100 years,is now a famous educational center. -A.where:which B.that;that C.which;where D.where;that -答案：A解析：第一空先行词school在限定性从句中作地点状语，用where;第二空为非限定性定语 从句，不可用that,指代school且在从句中作主语，用which。 考法三：非限定性定语从句的综合运用与对比辨析 ·核心：结合非限定性定语从句的定义、与限定性从句的区别及翻译写作应用，综合判断关系词选择、逗 号使用及句式转换 ·真题1（单项选择）： -Our team won the championship-made all of us excited. -A.which B.that C.who D.where 一答案：A解析：从句修饰整个主句“赢得冠军”这件事，非限定性定语从句指代主句内容时只能用 which,不可用that;who指人，where指地点，均不符合语境。 ·真题2（语法填空）： -Xi'an-_many ancient buildings are well protected is a famous historical city. -答案：where解析：先行词Xi'an为地点名词，非限定性定语从句中缺少地点状语，需用关系副词 where;从句补充说明西安“古建筑得到良好保护”的特征，与主句用逗号隔开，符合非限定性定语 从句用法。 解题小妙招 非限定有逗号隔，限定无逗紧相连； 先行指物人用who,物用which不that; 人作宾语用whom,所属关系whose连； 时间状语when替，地点状语where见； 指代整句用which,限定that可替换； 关系代词不可省，语法规则记心间。 选修1|英语|人教版 ENGLISH-选修1系列资料（人教版） 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.She has two brothers,_are doctors. A.who B.that C.whom D.which 2.We visited the Great Wall,_is one of the world's greatest wonders. A.where B.which C.that D.what 3.My mother,_works in a hospital,often comes home late. A.whom B.which C.who D.that 4.He passed the exam,_made his parents very happy. A.as B.that C.which D.what 5.-we all know,water is essential for life. A.Which B.That C.As D.What 6.The city _I was born has changed a lot. A.where B.which C.that D.what 7.This is the book_cover is red.I bought it yesterday,_cost me 50 yuan. A.whose;which B.which;that C.that;which D.where;which 8.The girlhair is black is my sister.She is wearing a dress,_is blue. A.whose;which B.who;that C.whom;which D.which;as 9.He didn't attend the meeting,-was unexpected. A.that B.which C.as D.what 10.We will never forget the day_we met for the first time,was in 2019. A.when;which B.which;when C.that:which D.where;that 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.My brother,-is a teacher,lives in Beijing 2.She visited Shanghai,-she was born. 3.He passed the exam,_made his parents very happy. 4._we all know,the earth is round. 5.The book,__I bought yesterday,is very interesting. 6.We will never forget July 1st,1997,-Hong Kong returned to China. 7.I met Mary,-father is a doctor. 8.He failed the exam,-surprised everyone 9.The city,_I grew up,has many beautiful parks. 10.She has a new car,_color is white. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） Nowadays,online learning,-has become increasingly popular,offers students flexible ways to study. Many schools,-traditional teaching methods are still used,have started to combine online courses with offine classes.For example,my school,_is located in the city center,launched an online platform last year.Students_need extra help can watch recorded lessons,_is very convenient. Mrs.Li,teaches English,often uses online resources in her classes.She says online learning,-allows students to learn at their own pace,helps improve learning efficiency.-we have found,students who use the platform regularly score higher in exams.Last month,our class held an online debate,-topic was "The Future of Online Learning".The debate,_lasted two hours,was a great success. 答案 演练一：单项选择 1.A2.B3.C4.C5.C6.A7.A8.A9.B10.A 演练二：填空试题 1.who 2.where 3.which 4.As 5.which 6.when 7.whose 8.which 9.where 10.whose 演练三：语法填空 1.which 2.where 3.which 4.who 5.which 6.who 7.which 8.As 9.whose 10.which 选修1|英语|人教版