必修3 过去将来时表达和用法-备战2025-2026学年高中英语上学期期末语法全解（人教版）

ENGLISH-高中系列资料（人教版） Chapter1过去将来时表达和用法 考频分析 过去将来时表达和用法是高中英语语法的重要考点，考频占语法总量的5%左右，主要分布在以下题型中： 单项选择(1题)、完形填空(1-2题)、语法填空(1题)、书面表达（辅助考察，用于描述过去视角下将 要发生的动作)。在语境理解类题目中，过去将来时与一般过去时、过去完成时的区分及时间状语提示词 的识别往往是解题关键。 考查内容 高中英语对过去将来时的考察聚焦两大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·基本结构与构成：would/.should-+动词原形，was/were going to+动词原形，was/were about to+动词原 形，was/were to+-动词原形的正确形式； ·语境应用与辨析：在宾语从句中体现过去对未来的规划，在间接引语中转换直接引语的将来时，与一般 过去时、过去进行时的语境区分及时间状语匹配（如the next day,.soon,later等）。 精讲精练 知识点一：过去将来时的表达及用法 ·基本概念（表示从过去看将要发生的动作或存在的状态） 一时间视角：立足于过去某一时间点，描述未来将要发生的事情 一逻辑关系：常用于宾语从句、间接引语或语境暗示过去时间背景的句子中 -例句：口She said she would visit us the next day.(从过去看将要发生的动作)口He told me he was going to buy a new car..(过去计划的未来行为) ·核心结构及用法 -"woud+动词原形”（表示过去习惯性的将来或主观意愿） *例句：口I knew he would help me.(过去预期的未来动作)口My father would always read stories to me before bed when I was a child.(过去习惯性的将来行为) -"was/were going to+动词原形”（强调过去的计划或迹象表明的将来） *例句：They were going to have a party last Saturday,but it rained.(过去计划未实现)□The sky was dark;i thought it was going to rain.(基于过去迹象的预测) -”was/were+现在分词”（表示过去按计划即将发生的动作，多用于位置移动类动词） *常见动词：come/go/.leave/arrive/start等 *例句：口She told me she was leaving for Paris the next morning.(位移动词的过去将来时)口The train was arriving in five minutes.(过去时刻表的将来安排) ·语境应用场景 一间接引语转换：直接引语中的一般将来时在间接引语中变为过去将来时 *直接引语：He said,"I will marry you.”→间接引语：He said he would marry me. 一过去背景下的预测：在叙述过去事件时描述当时对未来的预期 *例句：Ve didn't know if we would succeed,but we tried our best. 一条件句中的过去将来：主句为一般过去时的条件句中表示未来结果 *例句：I promised I would call her if I had time.(过去条件下的末来承诺) 【即学即练】 1.【基本概念】过去将来时的时间视角是？ A.立足于现在看未来 B.立足于过去看未来 C.单纯描述过去发生的动作 D.立足于未来看过去 2.【核心结构】请补全句子：She said she_(Visit)her grandparents the next day. 3.【语境应用】直接引语"He said,I will go to school tomorrow.”转换为间接引语应为？ A.He said he will go to school tomorrow. B.He said he would go to school the next day. C.He said he is going to school tomorrow. D.He said he went to school the next day. 4.【位移动词用法】下列哪个动词不属于过去将来时中常见的位置移动类动词？ A.come B.leave C.eat D.arrive 5.【条件句应用】补全句子：I promised I_(help)him if I had time. 高中|英语|人教版|必修3 ENGLISH-高中系列资料（人教版） 知识点二：过去将来时的特殊用法和易错点 ·特殊表达形式（情态动词及固定结构） 1."was/were to+动词原形”（表示过去计划中注定要发生的动作，常含”按安排”之意） -例句：口The team was to meet at the station at6a.m.(过去计划好的安排)口She didn't know she was to become a famous writer later..(过去未预知的注定结果) 2.”was/were about to+动词原形”（表示过去即将发生的动作，不与具体时间状语连用） -例句：☐i was about to leave when the phone rang.(正要做某事时被打断)口They were about to start the meeting as the manager came in. ·与一般过去时的区别（时间视角差异） 一动作发生时间不同 *过去将来时：立足过去看未来（动作未发生于过去参照点） *例句：He said he would go to college the next year.(”上大学”发生在”说”之后) *一般过去时：单纯描述过去发生的动作（动作已发生于过去时间） *例句：He went to college last year.(”上大学”发生在过去某时间点) 一语境提示词差异 *过去将来时常见提示词：said/told(间接引语)、planned/expected(过去计划) *一般过去时常见提示词：yesterday(昨天)、last month(上个月)、in2010(在2010年) ·被动语态转换（核心结构变化） -”would be+动词过去分词”（对应主动态"would+动词原形”） *主动句：She said she would finish the report, *被动句：She said the report would be finished, -”was/were going to be+动词过去分词”（对应主动态"was/were going to+动词原形"） *主动句：They were going to build a bridge here. *被动句：A bridge was going to be built here. -”was/were being+动词过去分词”（位移动词被动式，强调过去按计划进行的被动动作） *主动▣：The train was arriving at9p.m. *被动句：The train was being expected to arrive at9p.m.(含”被期待”的被动含义) ·易错点警示（常见语法错误） 1.误用"woud”表示过去经常性动作 -错误：He would go to school by bike when he was a child.(表过去习惯应使用used to/would+ 动词原形，但此处易与”过去将来时”混淆) -正确：He used to go to school by bike when he was a child.(used to更强调”过去常做而现在不 做”) 2.间接引语中时态未转换 -错误：She told me she will come back tomorrow.(直接引语”will”未转为过去将来时) -正确：She told me she would come back the next day..(时间状语"tomorrow'需改为"the next day") 3.与现在完成时混淆（时间逻辑错误） -错误：Ve have thought we would win the game.(现在完成时"nave thought'”与过去将来时"would win”时间逻辑矛盾) -正确：Ve thought we would win the game.(用一般过去时"thought'”体现过去的认知) ·高考真题改编练习（语法填空）》 1.He said that he_(visit)his grandparents the next weekend.(would visit) 2.The film_(start)at 7 p.m.,so we hurried to the cinema.(was starting) 3.When I arrived,the meeting_(begin)soon.(答案：was about to begin) 4.The project_(complete)by the end of last month,but it was delayed.(was to have been completed 知识点三：过去将来时的时态对比及语境辨析 ·与一般将来时的对比（时间视角差异） 一核心区别： *时间基点不同：一般将来时以”现在”为基点描述未来(will/shall+动词原形)；过去将来时以”过去” 为基点描述未来(would/was going to+动词原形) *例句对比： *现在视角：I will go to Beijing tomorrow.(以现在为基点，描述未来计划) *过去视角：He said he would go to Beijing the next day.(以过去”said”为基点，描述当时的未来计 划) *语境标志词差异：一般将来时常与tomorrow,next week等现在时间状语连用；过去将来时常与the next day,the following week等过去时间状语连用 ·与过去完成时的对比（动作先后关系） 一逻辑关系： *过去将来时：表示过去某时之后将要发生的动作(”过去的未来”) *例句：She told me she would call after arriving home.("call”发生在"told”之后) *过去完成时：表示过去某时之前已经完成的动作(”过去的过去”) *例句：She told me she had called before arriving home.("called”发生在"told”之前) -高考常见考点：在by the end of+过去时间状语结构中，若描述”过去未来计划完成”用"would have done”,若描述”过去之前已完成”用"had done” ·语境辨析专项练习（语法填空） 1.She said she_(come)to the party,but she didn't show up.(would come) 2.By2020,we_(live)in this city for10 years.(答宯：would have lived) 3.He_(leave)for Shanghai when I met him at the station yesterday.(was leaving) 4.The teacher told us that light_(travel)faster than sound.(答案：travels)(提示：客观真理在间接 引语中时态不变，不使用过去将来时) 5.They_(finish)the project by the end of last month,but bad weather delayed it.(were going to finish) 高中|英语|人教版|必修3 ENGLISH-高中系列资料（人教版） 老法一：间接引语中的时态转换 ·核心：直接引语中的一般将来时在间接引语中需转换为过去将来时，注意时间状语同步调整 ·真题1（语法填空）： He said,"I will finish my homework tonight."He said he_finish his homework -答案：would the next night解析：直接引语中"will finish”转换为间接引语时变为"would finish”,时间 状语"tonight'”对应过去视角调整为"the next night”。 ·真题2（单项选择）： She told me,"I am going to buy a new dress tomorrow."-She told me she_buy a new dress_. A.will the next day B.would tomorrow C.would the next day D.is going to the following day -答案：C解析：直接引语”am going to buy”转换为间接引语时，第一人称”am”随主语"”she”变为was going to'”,或简化为"woud";时间状语"tom orrow'需调整为"the next day”或"the following day”,结 合选项选C。 考法二：间接引语中的时态转换与时间状语调整 ·核心：直接引语转换为间接引语时，需将一般将来时转换为过去将来时，并同步调整时间状语 ·真题1（语法填空）： She told me she_(arrive)the next morning -答案：would arrive解析：直接引语中一般将来时"will arrive”在间接引语中变为"would arrive”,时间 状语"tomorrow morning'”需调整为"the next morning'”,符合过去将来时在间接引语中的转换规则。 ·真题2（完形填空）： -He said they_have a picnic the following week. A.will B.would C.are going to D.were going to -答案：B解析：由主句谓语”said”可知为间接引语语境，需用过去将来时；"the following week”为过 去时间背景下的将来时间状语，"woud”是”wil”的过去将来时形式，符合语法转换要求。 考法三：过去将来时的综合时态转换与语境应用 ·核心：结合间接引语转换、时态对比及特殊结构，在复杂语境中准确判断和使用过去将来时 ·真题1（单项选择）： -He said that they_a picnic if the weather_fine the next day. A.will have;is B.would have;was C.had;was D.have;is -答案：B解析：主句谓语动词”said”为过去时，宾语从句需用过去将来时，第一空用"would have'”;条 件句中主句为过去将来时，从句用一般过去时表假设，第二空用”was”。 ·真题2（语法填空）： The manager announced that the new policy_(carry out)the following month,but it_(delay)due to unexpected problems -答案：would be carried out:;was delayed解析：第一空，间接引语中"the following month”表示过去 视角的未来，且"policy”与"carry out'”为被动关系，用"would be carried out'”;第二空，"delay”发生在 过去，用一般过去时被动语态”was delayed”。 高中|英语1人教版|必修3 ENGLISH-高中系列资料（人教版） 解题小妙招 间接引语转换妙招 直接引语变间接，将来时态要变“过”； will/shall would,be going to was/were going to; 时间状语同步调，today变that day,tomorrow变the next/following day; 主句过去是前提，宾从时态随主变； 复杂语境看主从，条件假设也用“过”； 被动结构莫忘记，would be done要牢记。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.My brother said he_to the Great Wall the following summer. A.will go B.would go C.is going D.goes 2.The teacher told us that the final exam _in two weeks. A.will be held B.is held C.would be held D.was held 3.She_leave for London when her friend called her. A.was about to B.will C.is going to D.would 4.He promised he_me a gift if he_the competition. A.will buy;wins B.would buy;won C.buys;won D.bought;wins 5.By the end of last year,they__in this city for 5 years,but they moved away. A.will live B.have lived C.would live D.were to have lived 6.The film_at 8 p.m.,so we rushed to the cinema. A.starts B.will start C.was starting D.started 7.When I visited her yesterday,she said she_a new novel soon. A.writes B.wrote C.will write D.would write 8.They_a party last Saturday,but it rained heavily. A.will have B.were going to have C.had D.have had 9.The tour guide announced that the bus_at 6 a.m.the next morning A.departs B.will depart C.was to depart D.is departing 10.My mother told me she_to the supermarket after finishing her work. A.goes B.went C.will go D.would go 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.He said he_(visit)the museum the next weekend. 2.The plane(take off)in 10 minutes,so we hurried to the gate. 3.She told me she(call)me as soon as she arrived. 4.They_(start)the project last month,but it was delayed. 5.When I was a child,my father(always read)stories to me before bed. 6.The manager said the meeting_(begin)at 9 a.m.the following day. 7.We didn't know if we_(succeed),but we tried our best. 8.She_(leave)for Paris when I met her at the airport. 9.The team_(meet)at the school gate at 7 a.m.,but no one arrived. 10.He promised he_(help)me with my homework if he had time. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） Last Monday,I met my old friend Tom.He told me he_1-(move)to Canada the next month.He said he 2(study)computer science at a university there.I asked him when he_3_(leave),and he replied he_4(take)the flight on August 15th. Tom also mentioned he_5_(visit)his grandparents in Toronto first."They_6(prepare)a big meal for me,he smiled.When I asked if he_7(keep)in touch,he said he_8(call)me every week. However,yesterday he called to say his plan-9_(change).His visa application_10-(delay),so he might leave in September instead. 答案 演练一：单项选择 1.B2.C3.A4.B5.D6.C7.D8.B9.C10.D 演练二：填空试题 1.would visit 2.was taking off 3.would call 4.were going to start 5.would always read 6.would begin 7.would succeed 8.was leaving 9.were to meet 10.would help 演练三：语法填空 1.would move 2.would study 3.would leave 4.was taking 5.would visit 6.were preparing 7.would keep 8.would call 9.had changed 10.was delayed 高中|英语|人教版|必修3