必修3 名词性从句-备战2025-2026学年高中英语上学期期末语法全解（人教版）

ENGLISH-高中系列资料（人教版） Chapter1名词性从句 考频分析 名词性从句是高中英语句法的重要模块，考频占句法总量的15%左右，涉及试卷多个核心题型：单项选 择(1-2题)、完形填空(1-2题)、语法填空(1-2题)、阅读理解（长难句分析关键）、书面表达（提升句 式复杂度与表达准确性)。在语境理解与逻辑分析类题目中，名词性从句的连接词选用、语序及主谓一致 往往是解题关键。 考查内容 高中英语对名词性从句的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·从句类型识别：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句的结构特征与功能辨析； ·连接词选择：that、whether/if、wh-疑问词(what,who,which,when,where,why,how)的用法区别及 语境匹配； ·语序与时态：陈述句语序的坚持，主句与从句时态的呼应规则（如主句为过去时，从句用相应过去时态）。 精讲精练 知识点一：名词性从句的分类及基础用法 ·主语从句（在句中作主语，通常位于句首或用t作形式主语） -连接词：that(无意义，不可省略)、whether(是否)、what/who/which(表疑问或特指)、 when/where/why/how(表时间/地点/原因方式) -例句：口That she will come tomorrow is certain.(that引导主语从句，位于句首)☐It is important what you said at the meeting.(it作形式主语，what引导的主语从句后置) ·宾语从句（在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语） 一连接词：that(无意义，常可省略)、if/whether(是否，介词后只能用whether)、疑问代词剧词（同 主语从句) -例句：I think(that)he is right..(that引导宾语从句，可省略)口She asked whether I had finished my homework.(whether引导宾语从句，作asked的宾语) ·表语从句（在句中作系动词的表语，位于系动词之后） 一连接词：that(无意义，不可省略)、whether(是否)、疑问代词/副词（同主语从句）、asif/as though (好像) -例句：口The fact is that he lied to us..(that引导表语从句，位于系动词is后)口That's why she didn't attend the party.(why引导表语从句，表原因) ·同位语从句（在句中作名词的同位语，解释说明名词的具体内容） -常见先行词：fact(事实)、news(消息)、idea(想法)、truth(真相)、promise(承诺)等 -连接词：that(无意义，不可省略)、whether(是否)、疑问代词副词（同主语从句） -例句：口We heard the news that our team had won the game.(that引导同位语从句，解释news的 内容)口I have no idea whether he will come or not..(whether S5导同位语从句，解释idea的内容) 【即学即练】 1.【从句类型识别】”It is true that he passed the exam.”中，that引导的是什么从句？ A.主语从句 B.宾语从句 C.表语从句 D.同位语从句 2.【连接词选择】Idon't know_he will come to the party or not.(用whether/if填空) 3.【主语从句用法】下列句子中，t作形式主语的是？ A.That he is late makes me angry. B.It is important that we study hard. C.What he said is true. D.The news that he won is exciting. 4.【同位语从句先行词】下列哪个单词不能作为同位语从句的先行词？ A.fact B.book C.idea D.promise 5.【表语从句结构】表语从句位于一之后，作句子的表语成分。 高中|英语|人教版（必修3） ENGLISH-高中系列资料（人教版） 知识点二：名词性从句的连接词选择与易错点 ·连接词分类及功能对比 1.that vs whether(是否作“是否”讲) -区别：that无意义，不充当成分；whether表“是否”，不充当成分。 一例句对比： *a.It is clear that he will succeed.(that无意义，引导主语从句) *b.I wonder whether she will accept the invitation.(whether表“是否”，l导宾语从句) 2.what vs that(是否充当成分) -区别：what在从句中作主语/宾语/表语（表“…的事物”）；that不作成分。 一例句对比： *a.What he said surprised us.(what作said的宾语，引导主语从句) *b.The fact that he won the prize is true.(that不作成分，I导同位语从句) ·宾语从句的时态呼应 1.主句为现在时（一般现在时现在进行时/现在完成时），从句可根据实际情况用任意时态 -例句： *a.Ithink(that)he is playing basketball now.(主句一般现在时，从句现在进行时) *b.She has heard that they will leave tomorrow.(主句现在完成时，从句一般将来时) 2.主句为过去时（一般过去时/过去进行时），从句用过去相关时态（一般过去时/过去进行时/过去将来 时过去完成时) -例句： *a.He said(that)he was reading a book then.(主句一般过去时，从句过去进行时) *b.They told us that they would visit the museum the next day.(主句一般过去时，从句过去将 来时) 3.从句表客观真理时，时态不受主句影响，仍用一般现在时 -例句：The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.(客观真理，用一般现在时goes) ·同位语从句与定语从句的区分 1.语法功能不同：同位语从句解释先行词的内容（先行词多为抽象名词）；定语从句修饰先行词（先行 词可为任意名词)。 2.连接词that作用不同：同位语从句中that不作成分；定语从句中that作主语/宾语（作宾语可省略）。 3.例句对比： -a.The news that our team won is exciting.(同位语从句，that不作成分，解释news内容) -b.The news that he told me is exciting.(定语从句，that作told的宾语，修饰news) ·形式主语与形式宾语的用法 1.形式主语it代替主语从句（常见结构：lt+be+adj.n.+that/whether/what从句） -例句：It is necessary that we should study hard.(it作形式主语，that从句为真正主语) 2.形式宾语it代替宾语从句（常见结构：主语+谓语+it+adj.n.+that/whether/what从句） -例句：I find it important that we should learn English well..(it作形式宾语，that从句为真正宾语) 知识点三：名词性从句的语序与特殊结构 ·陈述语序原则（核心规则） 一所有名词性从句必须用陈述语序（主语+谓语），而非疑问语序。 一例句对比： *口正确：Can you tell me where he lives?(where引导宾语从句，he lives为陈述语序) *错误：Can you tell me where does he live?(误用疑问语序) *口正确：/hat he said is true.(what引导主语从句，he said为陈述语序) *错误：hat did he say is true.(误用疑问语序) ·特殊疑问词引导的从句语序 -疑问代词/副词(what/who/when等)引导从句时，需将疑问语序调整为陈述语序。 -例句： *Idon't know who will be the winner.(who作主语，本身为陈述语序) *☐She asked how much the book cost.(how much引导宾语从句，the book cost为陈述语序) *口hen we will start the project is still unknown.(when引导主语从句，we will start为陈述语序) ·虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用 1.表示建议、命令、要求的动词后宾语从句用”should-+动词原形”(should可省略) -常见动词：suggest(建议)、insist(坚持)、demand(要求)、order(命令) -例句： a.He suggested that we (should)hold a meeting. b.The teacher ordered that the homework(should)be handed in tomorrow. 2.tis+形容词/名词+that从句（表示必要、重要等）用”should+动词原形” -常见形容词/名词：important(重要的)、necessary(必要的)、a pity(遗憾) 一例句： a.It is important that we (should)protect the environment. b.It is a pity that she(should)miss the chance. ·疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句 1.whatever(无论什么)、whoever(无论谁)、whenever(无论何时)等引导从句，表强调或泛指 -例句： *a.hoever breaks the rules will be punished.(whoever引导主语从句，表“任何打破规则的 人”) *b.You can choose whatever you like.(whatever引l导宾语从句，表“任何你喜欢的东西") 2.与no matter+-疑问词的区别：no matter+-疑问词只能引导状语从句，不能引导名词性从句 一例句对比： *a.I will support whatever you decide.(whatever引导宾语从句，正确) *b.No matter what you decide,.I will support you.(no matter what引导状语从句，正t确) *错误：I will support no matter what you decide..(no matter what不能引导宾语从句) ·省略与不省略的特殊情况 1.宾语从句中that可省略，但下列情况不可省略： 一a.多个并列宾语从句的第二个及以后从句 *例句：He said(that)he would come and that he would bring a gift.(第二个that不可省t略) -b.从句位于句首时 *例句：That he is honest,.I can't deny.(that导宾语从句位于句首，不可省略) 2.表语从句、同位语从句、主语从句中that一律不可省略 -例句： *a.The problem is that we have no time.(表语从句，that不可省略) *b.The fact that he left without saying goodbye surprised us.(同位语从句，that不可省略) 高中|英语|人教版（必修3） ENGLISH-高中系列资料（人教版） 考法一：连接词that与whether的选择 ·核心：根据从句是否需要表达“是否”含义及连接词功能，区分that(无意义)和whether(表“是否") 的使用场景 ·真题1（语法填空）： It is uncertain-the meeting will be held next Monday or Tuesday -答案：whether解析：从句表达“会议是否在下周一或周二举行”，需表“是否”含义，故用whether 引导主语从句。 ·真题2（单项选择）： The teacher told us_the earth moves around the sun. A.that B.whether C.what D.how -答案：A解析：从句为客观真理，不表疑问含义，连接词在从句中不充当成分，故用that引导宾语从 句。 考法二：连接词选择与语序综合判断 ·核心：结合名词性从句的连接词功能（是否作成分、是否表“是否”）及陈述语序原则，判断从句的正确 连接词与语序 ·真题1（语法填空）： Could you tell me_the meeting will start and who(attend)it? -答案：when;will attend解析：第一空引导宾语从句，表“时间”且从句不缺成分，用连接词when; 第二空宾语从句需用陈述语序，主语为wo,根据语境“会议将何时开始及谁将参加”，用一般将来时 will attend ·真题2（单项选择）： -The teacher asked the students_they had finished their homework and_difficult they found it. A.if;how B.that:what C.whether:what D.how;if -答案：A解析：第一空引导宾语从句表“是否”，可用if/whether;第二空引导宾语从句修饰形容词 difficult,表程度用how,且从句需用陈述语序(they found it difficult),hat不修饰形容词，故选A。 考法三：名词性从句的综合运用与连接词选择 ·核心：结合名词性从句的分类（主语/宾语/表语同位语从句）、连接词功能(that/whether/what等)及语 序规则（陈述语序），分析复杂语境中的从句结构与连接词正确使用。 ·真题1（单项选择）： -_the meeting will be held next week is not decided yet.Some people suggested_it in the conference room,but others have no idea_the time is suitable. A.If;holding;when B.Whether;to hold;that C.That;hold;if D.Whether;holding;whether -答案：D解析：第一空引导主语从句，表“是否”且位于句首，只能用whether(if不能引导位于句首 的主语从句)；第二空suggest后接动名词作宾语，填holding;第三空引导同位语从句解释idea的内 容，表“是否”用whether(if不能引导同位语从句)。 ·真题2（语法填空）： It is necessary_we should take measures to protect the environment.The government has an- nounced the plan _more trees will be planted next year.However,many citizens wonder_the plan will be carried out effectively. -答案：that;that;whether解析：第一空为it作形式主语的主语从句，从句不缺成分且无意义，填that; 第二空为同位语从句解释plan的内容，从句不缺成分且无意义，填that;第三空引导宾语从句，表 “是否”，填whether(if虽可表“是否”，但此处wonder后可用whether或if,结合上下文用whether 更正式)。 高中|英语|人教版（必修3） ENGLISH-高中系列资料（人教版） 解题小妙招 名词性从句连接词选择妙招 连接词选that还是whether,.从句是否表“是否”是关键；that无意义不充当成分，whether表疑问“是 否”意；主从位于句首表“是否”，只能用whether不能用if;疑问代词what which who,充当成分缺啥 就补啥；疑问副词when where how why.,不充当成分表疑问；从句语序用陈述，主谓位置要牢记。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.-he will come to the party depends on his work schedule. A.That B.Whether C.What D.How 2.The fact _she passed the exam surprised everyone. A.which B.what C.that D.how 3.Could you tell me-the nearest post office is? A.where B.what C.that D.how many 4.I have no ideathe meeting will last. A.how soon B.how long C.how often D.how far 5.It is important_we should learn from our mistakes. A.if B.whether C.that D.what 6.He asked me_I had finished my homework A.that B.what C.if D.which 7.The teacher told us_the sun rises in the east A.if B.whether C.that D.what 8.-you said at the meeting made her very angry. A.That B.What C.Which D.How 9.I wonderthey will arrive here tomorrow. A.when B.what time C.whether D.why 10.The news_our team won the game cheered everyone up A.which B.that C.what D.how 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.It is unclearthe project will be completed on time. 2.She asked me _I had seen her keys anywhere. 3.-he failed the exam was a big shock to his parents. 4.I have no idea_she is always late for class. 5.The doctor suggested_I should get more exercise 6.Could you explain_this machine works? 7._we need is more time and resources. 8.The fact he lied to us cannot be denied 9.She told me_she would visit her grandparents next weekend. 10.I don't know_to choose between the two options. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） Many students wonder 1._they can improve their English quickly.The answer is that consistent practice is key.Some teachers suggest 2._students should read English articles daily.However,the problem is 3._many students lack time.4.-makes it worse is that they often forget new words. A study shows 5._students who keep diaries in English make faster progress.It is also important 6. -they should speak English with others.Of course,no one knows 7.-this method works for everyone. But most experts agree 8.-confidence plays a role. The question 9.-students should focus on grammar or vocabulary first is still debated.However,the truth is 10.-both are necessary for language learning. 答案 演练一：单项选择 1-5 BCABC 6-10 CCBAB 演练二：填空试题 1.whether 2.if/whether 3.That 4.why 5.that 6.how 7.What 8.that 9.that 10.which 演练三：语法填空 1.how 2.that 3.that 4.What 5.that 6.that 7.whether/if 8.that 9.whether 10.that 高中|英语|人教版（必修3）