2026年上海市初中英语考纲词汇用法手册 part A

该初中英语中考复习知识清单系统梳理了上海市考纲核心词汇A部分内容，涵盖词汇音形义、用法拓展、语境应用等关键维度，为学生构建了从基础词义到深层运用的阶梯式学习框架。 清单采用“星级重难点标注”“词形拓展链”和“语境例句+名师点拨”三维呈现方式，如将高频词“all”标注为三星重点，通过“able—ability—enable—disabled”构建词形网络，结合“how about doing sth.”等固定搭配例句培养学生语言能力。特别设计“近反义对比”“用法辨析表”（如“alone与lonely”）及谚语辅助记忆（如“all work and no play...”），助力学生提升思维品质与自主学习效率，为教师教学提供精准复习抓手。

上海市初中英语考纲词汇用法手册 part A A 1.*ability /ə'biləti/( 复abilities)n. 能力；才能 Sue has the ability to succeed in business. 苏有能力在商业上取得成功。 K 词形拓展 able adj.能够；有能力的 enable v.使……能够；使……有能力 disabled adj. 丧失能力的；有残疾的；无能力的 常用词组 have the ability to do sth.具备做某事的能力 2.*able /'erbl/adj. 能够；有能力的 Leave the reference books behind, or you won't be able to think yourself. 把参考书抛在一边，否则你将无法独立思考。 常用词组 sb.be able to do sth.某人能够做某事 反义 unable 3.*about /ə'baut/adv. 大约；到处，四处 prep.关于 It takes about half an hour to ride from this park to Shanghai Museum. 从这个公园到上海博物馆大约需要半个小时的车程。 Mr.Johnson is always kind to his students and he really cares about them. 约翰逊先生对他的学生总是很好，他真的很关心他们。 You'd better not ask too many personal questions about someone's age and salary. 你最好不要问太多关于某人年龄和薪水的私人问题。 how about doing sth.=what about doing sth.做某事如何 4.above /ə'bav/prep. 在……上面 There is a bridge above the river. 在这条河上有座桥。 The mountain is 1, 000 feet above sea level. 这座山海拔1000英尺。 常用词组 above all 首先，尤其是；最重要的是 反义 below 5.abroad /ə'brɔ:d/adv. 到(在)国外 He had to make a choice between staying with his parents and going abroad . 与父母住在一起还是出国，他不得不作出选择。 名师点拨abroad是常考单词，所以学生一定要掌握其固定搭配：abroad前面不能加 to或in, 因为abroad是副词。 例如：go abroad出国 My brother is living abroad.我哥哥在国外生活。 6.*accept /ək'sept/v. 接受 They accepted responsibility for the accident.他们承担了这次事故的责任。 近义 agree to have 反义 refuse 7.accident /'æksidənt/n. 事故；意外的事 He was injured in a traffic accident.他在一次交通事故中受伤。 8.accurate /'ækjərət/adj. 准确的 The manager impressed on his office staff the importance of keeping accurate records. 经理让办公室职员认识到做精确记录的重要性。 9.ache /erk/n. 疼；痛 She could feel an ache in her back. 她能感觉到背部的疼痛。 10.achieve /ə'tʃi:v/v. 达到，获得 As an English learner, the larger vocabulary you have, the more success you may achieve .作为一名英语学习者，你的词汇量越大，你最终获得的成功也就越大。 11.*across /ə'krps/prep. 横过，穿过 Can you swim across the river? 你能游过这条河吗? 词形拓展 cross v. 越过，穿过 12.*act /ækt/v. 表演，扮演(角色);行动 The actor who acted in the TV series last night became famous in his thirties. 昨晚电视连续剧中的这位演员，在他30多岁时就成名了。 百词形拓展 action n.行为 active adj. 积极的；活跃的 activity n.活动 actor n. 男演员 actress n. 女演员 谚语 There is a saying that think well before you act .有句谚语说：三思而后行。 13.*active /'æktiv/adj. 积极的；活跃的 They took an active part in the singing competition yesterday. 他们昨天积极参加了唱歌比赛。 K5 常用词组 take an active part in 积极参与 14.*activity /æk'tivəti/ ( 复activities) n. 活动 The Japanese held different kinds of activities to commemorate the one-year anniversary of their earthquake in March this year.今年3月，日本举行了不同形式 的活动，以纪念地震一周年。 15.*actor /'æktə/n. 男演员 Nowadays too many boys want to become actors .现在太多男孩都想成为演员。 16.*actress /'æktris/n. 女演员 Emma, an actres s, has become a superstar because of her hard work and talent. 艾玛是一位女演员，因为她的努力工作和才华而成为一位超级明星。 17.*actually /'æktjuɔli/adv. 实际上；现实地 He seems to be doing nothing, but actually he is waiting for a chance. 他看上去什么都没做，其实他在等待机会。 词形拓展 actual adj. 实际的；真实的 18.*add /æd/v. 添加，增加 Don't add too much salt to the soup, or it will be too salty. 汤里不要加太多盐，否则会太咸。 词形拓展 addition n. 增加 常用词组 add...to.. 加上 19.*addition /ə'dɪʃən/n. 增加 Ann will be a very useful addition to our team.安的加入对我们团队将是十分有利的。 常用词组 in addition(to)(=besides =what's more)除……以外(还) 20.address /ə'dres/n. 地址 Sorry, I can't hear you clearly.Will you please repeat your e-mail address?I'll write it down. 对不起，我听不清楚你说的。请你再说一遍你的邮箱地址，好吗?我把它写下来。 21.adult /'ædalt/n. 成年人 adj. 成年的 You have spent your whole childhood in one country, and you are becoming an adult in another country.你整个童年都在一个国家生活，而在另外一个国家步入成年。 They have an adult son.他们有一个成年的儿子。 22.advantage /ad'va:ntid3/n.有利条件；优势；优点 Rich has an advantage over you since he can speak German. 里奇比你有优势，因为他会说德语。 反 义 disadvantage 谚 语 As the old saying goes“Every advantag e has its disadvantage.” 正如古语所说，“有利就有弊。” 23.adventure /əd'ventʃə/n. 冒险；冒险经历；冒险精神 It's a new story fullof action, adventure and heroic characters. 这是一个充满动作、冒险和英雄人物的新故事。 24.*advertisement /əad'v3:tismənt/n. 广 告 This advertisement is calculated to appeal to children. 这则广告的设计是为吸引儿童。 25.*advice /əd'vais/n. 忠告；劝告；建议 The manager thought the old lady was right, but he didn't take her advice . 经理认为这位老太是正确的，但他没有接受她的忠告。 词形拓展 advise v. 提议，建议 常用词组 take one's advice 听从某人劝告 近 义 opinion;suggestion 名师点拨 advi ce 是常考单词，相当于an opinion/a suggestion, 所以学生一定要掌 握其固定搭配： ask for one's advice =ask sb.for advice 征求某人的意见 take/follow one's advice 听从某人的劝告 give sb.some advice on sth. 关于某事给某人一些建议 26.advise /əd'vaiz/v. 劝告，建议 He advised us to leave early.他建议我们早点动身。 27.*affect /ə'fekt/vt.影响；使感染 The cold weather affected his health.寒冷的天气影响了他的健康。 28.*afford /ə'fɔ:d/v.负担得起；抽得出(时间) The smartphone is so expensive that I can't afford it. 这部智能手机太贵了，我买不起。 Can you afford the time?你抽得出时间来吗? 29.*afraid /a'freid/adj.害怕的；担心的 I am afraid you won't get the job unless you're the best. 我怕你得不到那份工作，除非你是最好的。 常用词组 be afraid of害怕 30.*Africa /'æfrikə/n.非洲 Mr.King has gone to South Africa .He will be back next month. 金先生已去南非。他下个月回来。 31.*after /'a:ftə/prep.在……之后；在……后面 adv. 在后；后来 conj. 在……以后 Tony has made up his mind to be a soldier to serve the country after graduation. 托尼决心毕业后当兵报国。 He left on Monday and returned two days after.他星期一走的，两天后回来了。 After discussing for a whole day, they finally reached a conclusion to solve the problem. 经过一整天的讨论，他们终于得出了解决这个问题的结论。 常用词组 after all终究；毕竟 近义 not until 反义 before 谚语 A proverb says, “After a storm comes a calm.”有句谚语说：“雨过天晴”。 名师点拔 after是常考单词，所以学生一定要掌握其固定搭配，及比较与in的用法区别： 表示将来时：after 后接时间点；in 后接时间段。 例如：He'll come back after 10 o'clock.他将在10点钟以后回来。 I'll be ready in 10 minutes. 我将在10分钟内准备好。 32.afternoon/ia:ftə'nu:n/n.下午 All the boys went swimming that afternoon except Bob because he had a cold. 那天下午除了鲍勃，所有的男孩都去游泳了，因为他感冒了。 A terrible earthquake hit the Pacific Ocean near Northeastern Japan on the afternoon of last Christmas.去年圣诞节的下午，在日本东北部太平洋附近海域发生一次可怕的地震。 名师点拔 afternoon(evening, morning) 是常考单词，主要是考其固定搭配： 1)表示“在下午(晚上、早上)”, 要用介词in, 如 ：in the afternoon(evening, morning) 2)表示具体“某天的下午(晚上、早上)”, 要用介词 on, 如 ：on Sunday afternoon (evening, morning), on the afternoon(evening, morning)of Jan.2 3 ) 当afternoon(evening, morning) 前面有 this, that, last, yesterday, tomorrow 这些词语时，就不能用介词，如：this/that/last/yesterday/tomorrow afternoon (evening, morning) 33.*again /ə'gen/adv. 再一次；再；又 It's hard training not luck that has helped him break the records again . 他再次打破纪录，完全是靠刻苦训练而不是运气。 近义 once more 34.*against /ə'genst/prep.对着；反对 —We lost the basketball game against Class Two. —What a pity! ——我们和二班的篮球比赛输了。 ——真可惜! Are you for or against ? 你是赞成还是反对? 35.*age /eidʒ/n. 年龄；时代 He came to China at the age of 22. 他22岁时来到中国。 By the age of 21, he had already finished his studies.21岁的时候，他已经完成了学业。 Watt inaugurated the age of steam.瓦特开创了蒸汽时代。 词形拓展 aged adj. 有……年岁的；上年龄的 常用词组 at the age of 在……岁时 谚语 There is a saying that we should learn a lesson from this incident:an idle youth, a needy age. 有句谚语：我们应从这次事件中吸取教训：少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。 名师点拨ag e是常考单词，常出现在保持句意基本不变的句型转换练习中，所以学生 要掌握其固定搭配：What's the age of ...=How old is .。 例如：What's the age of the boy by the riverside? = How old is the boy by the riverside? 在河边的那个男孩有多大年龄? 36.*aged /'erd31d/adj. 有……年岁的；上年龄的 The aged people in the community celebrated their eightieth birthday together last week. 上周这个社区的老年人一起庆祝他们的80大寿。 37.*ago /ə'gəu/adv. 以前 Nobody can really tell the truth of the accident that happened a week ago . 没有人能真正讲述在一个星期前发生的那个事故的真相。 38.*agree /ə'gri:/v.同意；应允 Mary's trouble weighed so heavily on her that her teacher agreed to help her after school. 玛丽的麻烦如此大以至于她的老师同意放学后帮助她。 常用词组 agree with sb.同意某人的意见 反义 disagree 名师点拨 agre e 是常考单词，相当于have the same opinion as sb., 所以学生 一 定要 掌握其固定搭配： agree with 赞成，同意(表示同意某人或某人的意见、想法、分析、解释等);后接sb., this idea, what one says, one's opinion。 agree to 接受，认可(表示一方提出一项建议、安排、计划等，另一方同意协作);后 接 suggestion, plan, proposal, arrangement, marriage, 或动词原形。 agree on取得一致意见(表示双方通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议);后接 price, these terms。 39.ahead /ə'hed/adv. 在前；向前 Mary looked ahead but could see nothing unusual. 玛丽看着前面，但没看到什么不寻常的。 常用词组 go ahead 先走；向前走；去吧；干吧 40.aim /em/n. 目的；目标 v. 打算；瞄准 The chief aim of man is not to get money.人的主要目的并不是赚钱。 China aims to provide faster and cheaper Internet services during the coming four years. 中国的目标是在未来4年提供更快和更便宜的互联网服务。 I aimed at the target but hit the wall.我瞄准靶子却打在了墙上。 近义 goal 41.*air /eə/n. 空气；大气 Open the window to let in some fresh air.打开窗户，让新鲜空气进来。 42.*airline /'elan/n. 航 线(airlines 常用做“航空公司”) That was the worst airline in the history. 这是历史上最差的航线。 There were no other airlines doing a direct flight to Toronto last year. 去年没有其他航空公司直飞多伦多。 43.airport /'eəpɔ:t/n. 机 场 As soon as you come back from the airport , please give me a ring. 你一从机场回来，就请马上打电话给我。 44.alarm /ə'la:m/n. 警报 I gave the alarm as soon as I saw the smoke.我一看到冒烟就马上发出警报。 45.alive /ə'laiv/adj. 活着的；存在的 Are your grandparents still alive ? 你祖父母还健在吗? 词形拓展 live v. 居住；活着；生活 living adj.活着的 life n.生命；生活；人生 反义 dead 名师点拨 alive 是常考单词，所以学生一定要掌握其固定的用法，及比较与living 的 用法区别： alive是形容词，只能作表语用，所以不能用于名词前。 living也是形容词，一般用于名词前，只能作定语，如：living things 生物。 46.***all /ɔ:l/adj. 全(部);总；整 adv. 全部地 pron.&n. 全部；全体人员 Almost all students in Junior Three are busy preparing for the coming final exam. 几乎所有的初三学生都正忙着为即将到来的期末考试作准备。 Her children are all very clever.她的孩子都很聪明。 Parents often expect their children to do all the things that they couldn’t do in the past. 家长们往往期望自己的孩子去做所有他们自己过去所不能做的事情。 That's all. 这就是全部。 常用词组 all over到处 all right 行了；好吧；(病)好了 in all 总共 not ...at all 一点也不，根本不 谚语 As is well known, all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 众所周知，只工作，不玩耍，聪明小孩也变傻。 47.*allow /ə'lau/v. 允许，准许 Hurry up!Once the concert starts, nobody is allowed to enter the concert hall. 快点!一旦音乐会开始，就不允许进入音乐厅了。 名师点拨 all ow 是常考单词，相当于let sb.do sth., 常出现在保持句意基本不变的句 型转换练习中，所以学生一定要知道：aren't allowed to do 与 mustn't do 意思相 同，在句中可以互换。 例如：Students aren't allowed to smoke because smoking is harmful to their health. =Students mustn't smoke because smoking is harmful to their health. 学生不允许吸烟是因为吸烟有害健康。 48.*almost /'ɔ:lməust/adv. 几乎，差不多 Almost everyone agreed that the New Year party was a great success. 几乎所有人都认为，新年晚会办得很成功。 名师点拔 almost 是常考单词，相当于nearly/not quite, 所以学生一定要掌握其固定 搭配，及比较与nearly 的用法区别： almost 可与 no, none, nobody, nothing, never 连用。 nearly不可与 no, none, nobody, nothing, never 连用，只可与 not, pretty, very 连用。 例如：Almost no one took any rest. 几乎没有一个人歇过一下。 The car is pretty nearly new. 这辆汽车几乎是全新的。 另外，almost 常出现在保持句意基本不变的句型转换练习中，所以学生一定要知 道：almost never与 hardly ever意思相同，在句中可以互换。 例如：He almost never drinks Coke.=He hardly ever drinks Coke. 他几乎从不喝可乐。 49.*alone /ə'ləun/adj. 单独的 adv. 单独地 She is alone , but she doesn't feel lonely. 她独自一人，但并不感到孤单。 My father often enjoys that piece of music alone at home. 我父亲常常喜欢独自一人在家欣赏那首曲子。 名师点拨 alone 是常考单词，所以学生一定要掌握其用法，及比较与lonely 的用法区别： alone 用作形容词时，意为“独自的，单独的”, 只能用作表语，不能用作定语。 例如：I was alone in the house. 我一个人在家。 注意：alone 也可用作副词，意为“单独地，独自地”, 不含感情色彩。 例如：He lives alone. 他单独居住。 lonely 虽以-1y 结尾，但它是形容词而不是副词。它可以用作表语，意为“寂寞的”, 多指人，也可用作定语，意为“荒凉的”, 多指地方。 例如：He was taken to a lonely island. 他被带到一个荒岛上。 He doesn't feel lonely when he is left alone.他单独留下时并不感到寂寞。 50.*along /ə'loŋ/prep. 沿着；顺着 adv. 向前；和……一起；一同 We walked along the road. 我们沿着公路走。 She sang loudly as she walked along .她一边高歌一边向前走。 51.*already /ɔ:l'redi/adv. 已 经 Although Michael is only six, he has already shown his ability to draw pictures. 尽管迈克尔只有6岁，(但)他已经显示出画画的才能了。 名师点拨 alread y 是常考单词，常出现在句型转换练习中，所以学生一定要掌握其用 法，及比较与 yet 的用法区别：already 用在肯定句中；yet 用在否定句和疑问句中。 52.*also /'ɔ:lsəu/adv. 也 During his educational visit in the U.K., Simon improved his English and also learnt the culture of this country.在英国教育访问期间，西蒙提高了他的英语水平，也了解 了这个国家的文化。 近义 as well 名师点拨 als o 是常考单词，常出现在保持句意基本不变的句型转换练习中，所以学 生一定要知道：also 与 too, 与 as well意思相同，在句中可以互换；also 一般位于句 中，而 too 和 as well位于句末。 例如：He also plays the piano. =He plays the piano, too. =He plays the piano as well. 他也弹钢琴。 53.*although /ɔ:l'oou// though /ðou/conj. 虽然，尽管 Although she is over 85 years old, she still looks after herself very well. 她虽然年过85岁，(但)仍然能很好地照顾自己。 名师点拔 althoug h/though 是常考单词，常出现在保持句意基本不变的句型转换练 习中，所以学生一定要掌握其用法。 1)句中用了although/though, 不能再用but。 2)although/though 可以和 but 进行句型转换。 例如：Although/Though he was English, he could speak Japanese fluently. =He was English, but he could speak Japanese fluently. 他虽然是英国人，但能说一 口流利的日语。 Although/Though we can't smell the air, it is around us. =We can't smell the air, but air is around us. 虽然我们闻不到空气，但空气就在我们周围。 54.altogether /o:ltə'geðə/adv. 总共；全部地 I forgot it altogether.我全忘记了。 近义 in all 名师点拨 altogethe r 是常考单词，所以学生一定要掌握单词意思，及比较all together 的意思用法。 altogether 的意思是“总共”; all together 的意思是“一道”。 例如：I spent a hundred dollars on these books altogether .这些书我一共花了100元。 We went there all together. 我们一起去那里。 55.*always /'ɔ:lweiz/adv. 总是；一直；永远 Money and beauty do not always bring happiness to life. 金钱与美色并不总是带来幸福的生活。 近义 all the time 56.A.M. (a.m.) /'er'em/ 上午 It's 10:00 a.m. 现在是上午10点。 57.*amazing /ə'meizŋ/adj. 令人惊讶的；令人赞叹的 The film The Lord of the Rings is amazing , so it is welcomed by teenagers. 《指环王》是部令人惊叹的电影，所以它受到青少年的欢迎。 We are amazed to hear that the girl can run at an amazing speed. 我们惊奇地得知那个女孩能以惊人的速度赛跑。 One of the amazing things about life, for me, is that we have a choice in everything we do. 对于我来说，生活中让人赞叹的是，我们做每一件事都可以做出选择。 58.ambition/æm'biʃən/n. 雄心；野心 His ambition is to be an English teacher. 他的志向是成为一名英语老师。 59.*America /ə'merikə/n. 美 国(U.S.A.);美洲 I'll send you an e-mail to tell you everything when I get to America . 我到了美国，就会给你发封电子邮件告诉你所有情况。 60.*American /ə'merikən/adj. 美国的；美洲的 n. 美国人 The man speaks French with an American accent. 这个男人说法语时带美国口音。 Bill Gates is an American citizen. 比尔 ·盖茨是美国公民。 61.*among /ə'mʌŋ/prep. 在……中间；在(三个以上)之间 The iPad is one of the most popular tablet computers among the young people all over the world.iPad 是世界各地年轻人中最流行的平板电脑之一。 名师点拨among是常考单词，学生一定要掌握其用法，及比较与between的用法区别： among指“三者或三者以上之间”, between指“两者之间”。 例如：The teacher was among her students.这位老师在学生中间。 The river runs between the two countries.这条河在两国之间流过。 62.*amount /ə'maunt/n. 数量；总数 We need huge amounts of money to plant the trees in our city. 在我们城市种植树木，我们需要巨额资金。 With the help of computer, we can get huge amounts of information on the Internet. 在计算机的帮助下，我们可以在互联网上得到大量的信息。 名师点拨 amount 是常考单词，学生一定要掌握其用法，及比较与 number 的用法区别： amount 用于修饰不可数名词，number 用于修饰可数名词。 例如：He has a large amount of money. 他有许多钱。 A number of new products have been successfully launched. 许多新产品已成功投放市场。 注意：the number of .. 短语作主语时，谓语动词一般通用第三人称单数。 例如：The number of tourists to that place is limited. 去那地方旅游的人数有限制。 63.**amusement /ə'mju:zmənt/n. 娱乐；消遣；娱乐活动 What a big amusement park it is! 这是多大的一个公共游乐场啊! The hotel offers different varieties of amusements to attract the guests. 这家旅馆提供各种各样的娱乐活动来吸引客人。 K 词形拓展 amusing adj.引起乐趣的 常用词组 amusement park 游乐园；娱乐公园 64.*amusing /ə'mju:ziŋ/adj. 引起乐趣的 How amusing it is! 它多有趣! 近 义 funny 65.*ancient /'enʃənt/adj. 古代的；古老的 They wanted to learn the ancient languages such as Greek and Latin. 他们想学习古代语言，例如希腊语和拉丁语。 近义 very old 反义 modern 66.*and /ænd/conj. 和；又；而 He always eats an egg, a piece of bread and a cup of milk for breakfast. 他早餐总是一个蛋、一片面包和一杯牛奶。 名师点拨 and 是常考单词，常出现在保持句意基本不变的句型转换练习中，所以学生 一定要掌握其在祈使句中的固定用法：在祈使句后，用and 连接简单句，表示条件 与结果的关系，意思为“如果……就……”。 例如：Use your head, and you'll find a way. = If you use your head, you'll find a way. (如果你)开动脑筋，你就会想出办法的。 67.**angrily /'ængrili/adv. 生气地，愤怒地 Jack slammed the door angrily after he was laughed at. 杰克被嘲笑后，愤怒地将门砰地一声关上。 词形拓展 angry adj. 生气的，愤怒的 68.*angry /'ængri/adj. 生气的，愤怒的 The customer was angry with the waitress for her bad service. 这位顾客因这位服务员服务不好而生气。 K 常用词组 be angry with sb. 生某人的气 名师点拔 angry 是常考单词，所以学生一定要掌握其固定搭配： be angry with sb. 对某人生气 be angry at sth. 对某事生气 be angry about sth.对……感到气愤 be angry to do sth. 生气地做某事 be angry that 生气 69.*animal /'ænmal/n. 动物 Jim grew up with many animals at home and knows well how to take care of pets. 吉姆自小在家里就有很多小动物相伴成长，深知如何照顾宠物。 70.***another /ə'nʌðə/adj. 再一；另一；别的；不同的 pron. 另个 I still feel hungry after eating two rice dumplings.Could you please give me another one? 我吃了两个粽子还是觉得饿。能否请你再给我一个? 谚语 There is a saying that it is good to learn at another man's cost. 有句谚语：前车之鉴。 名师点拨another是常考单词，所以学生一定要掌握其固定搭配，及比较与the other 的用法区别： another是指三个及三个以上的另一个；the other是指两个当中的另一个。 例如：I don't like this one, show me another.我不喜欢这个，请另拿一个给我看看。 I have two hands.One is the right hand and the other is left. 我有两只手。一只是右手，另一只是左手。 one after another一个接一个地 71.*answer /'a:nsə/n. 回答；答复；答案；回(信) v. 回答；答复；回(信) The maths teacher wonders if anyone knows the answer to the question. 数学老师想知道是否有人知道这个问题的答案。 She didn't answer my letter. 她没有给我回信。 Last night I didn't answer your phone because I was seeing the film Titanic. 昨晚我没有接听你的电话，因为我正在看电影《泰坦尼克号》。 近 义 reply 反义 ask 72.*any /'eni/adj. (用于疑问句、否定句、条件句)一些；什么;任何的；任一的 pron. (无论)哪一个；(无论)哪些 We shouldn’t make friends with any dishonest persons. 我们不应该和任何不诚实的人交朋友。 I asked my friend for some ink, but she didn't have any . 我问我的朋友要一些墨水，但是她也没有。 Tom's Chinese is better than any other boy's in the class. 汤姆的中文比班中其他任何男孩都好。 K 常用词组 not any longer =no longer不再 名师点拔 any 是常考单词，所以学生一定要知道其用法，及比较与 some 的用法区别： 1)some 用于肯定句中，any 用于否定句或疑问句中。但在表示建议、反问、请求 的疑问句中，或期望得到肯定回答时，多用 some, 而不用 any。 例如：Would you like some coffee? 你要不要来点咖啡? What about some fruit juice? 来点果汁如何? 2)any 表示“任何”的意义，起强调作用时，它可以用于肯定句中。 例如：Any student can answer this question. 任何一位学生都可以回答这个问题。 3)any 的固定搭配 not ..any longer与 not...any more(再也不……)意思相同， 常出现在保持句意基本不变的句型转换练习中。 例如：I can't wait any longer/any more. 我一刻也不能再等下去了。 73.**anybody /'enibbdi// anyone /'eniwan/pron. 任何人；无论谁 There isn't anyone/anybody in the classroom. 教室里没有任何人。 74.*anything /'eniθrn/pron. 什么事(物);任何事(物) Alice didn't say anything at the meeting last week, did she? 在上周的会议上爱丽丝没有说什么, 是吗? 75.**anywhere /'enihweə/adv. 任何地方 We will go to anywhere you like. 我们会去你喜欢的任何地方。 76.*apologize /ə'ppladʒaiz/v.道歉 I apologized to the girl for my being late. 我因为迟到而向那位女孩道歉。 常用词组 apologize to sb.for sth. 为某事向某人道歉 近义 say sorry 名师点拨apologize是常考单词，常出现在保持句意基本不变的句型转换练习中，所以 学生一定要知道：apologize to sb.与say sorry to sb.意思相同，在句中可以互换。 例如：The boy apologized to his friend because he had broken his glass. =The boy said sorry to his friend because he had broken his glass. 这个男孩对他的朋友说“对不起”, 因为他打碎了他的杯子。 77.*appear /ə'prə/v. 出现 As soon as the boss appeared , the noisy office became quiet. 老板一出现，喧闹的办公室马上安静下来。 近义 come into view 反 义 disappear 78.*apple /'æpl/n. 苹果 Please help yourself to the apples and oranges on the table, Mary. 玛丽，桌上的苹果和橘子请随便吃。 谚 语 There is a saying that an apple a day keeps the doctor away 有句谚语：一天一苹果，医生远离我。 79.apply /ə'plai/v. 申请；应用 I advise that they apply to the council for a home improvement grant. 我建议他们向市政会申请改善住房的补助。 In this way they can better apply theory to practice. 这样他们就能更好地把理论运用到实践中去。 常用词组 apply for 申请，请求 80.April /'erprəl/n.四月 April Fool's Day began hundreds of years ago in France. 愚人节起源于几百年前的法国。 81.*area /'eəriə/n .面积；范围；地区 Since I'm very familiar with this area , they expect me to show them around. 因为我非常熟悉这一地区，他们希望我领他们参观一下。 82.argue /'a:gju:/v.争吵，争论 Do what you are told and don't argue with me. 照我说的去做，不要争辩。 83.*arm /a:m/n. 手臂 The baby feels safe while his mother holds him in her arms . 当婴儿的母亲把他抱在怀里，他感到安全了。 84.*army /'a:mi/ ( 复armies) n. 军队 After many days'fight, the army succeeded in controlling the situation of the area. 经过许多天的战斗，军队成功地控制了该地区的局势。 85.*around /ə'raund/adv. 在周围；环绕 prep.在……周围 Smoking too much really does great harm to both himself and people around . 吸烟太多真的不仅伤害到自己，而且还会伤害到周围的人。 Can you show me around this building? 你能带我参观一下这幢大楼吗? 86.arrange /ə'rendʒ/v. 安排；布置 I've arranged to see him on Friday morning.我已安排好星期五上午见他。 87.arrival /ə'raivəl/n. 到达 On his arrival at the airport, he received a warm welcome from the teachers and students. 他一到机场就受到老师和学生们的热烈欢迎。 88.*arrive /ə'rarv/v. 到达；达到 They arrived there on a cold winter evening.他们在一个寒冷的冬夜到达那里。 As usual, Frank arrived at the station at 6:30 that morning to catch the early bus. 像往常一样，弗兰克那天早上6:30到达车站，赶上了早班车。 词形拓展 arrival n. 到达 89.*art /a:t/n. 艺术 You don't know what art is.你不知道什么是艺术。 词形拓展 artist n. 艺术家；画家 谚语 There is a saying that art is long, but life is short. 有句谚语：人生有限，艺海无涯。 90.**article /'a:tikəl/n. 文 章 After the interview, the reporter decided to write an article on school buses in China. 采访后，记者决定写一篇关于中国校车的文章。 91.***artist /'a:tist/n. 艺术家；画家 The great artist gave his first show in Shanghai and the tickets sold out in minutes. 这位伟大的艺术家第一次在上海演出，门票几分钟就售完了。 92.*as /æz/ conj.像……一样；如同；因为；当……时 prep.作为；当作；当……时 adv. 同样地 Our new school campus is twice as large as the old one. 我们的新校园是旧校园的两倍大。 As a volunteer, we can help others and make friends with them. 作为一名志愿者，我们不仅要帮助别人，而且要与他们交朋友。 On Sundays he gets up early as usual. 星期天他像往常一样起得很早。 常用词组 as ...as 像……一样；如同 as long as 只要 as soon as — …… 就 as well也；又 谚语 As is well known, books teach us to learn life, truth, science and many other useful things.众所周知，书籍教我们认识生命、真理、科学以及其他许多有益的事物。 93.Asia /'eɪʃə/n. 亚洲 Henry has travelled widely in Asia and knows a lot about different countries there. 亨利在亚洲很多地方旅行过，对那里的不同国家了解很多。 94.**ask /ask/v. 问，询问；请求，要求 —Mr.Gordon asked me to remind you of the meeting this afternoon.Don’t forget it! —OK.I won't. ——戈登先生要我提醒你，今天下午有会。不要忘记! ——好的，我不会。 Don't always ask for advice from others.You should learn to decide everything by yourself.不要老是问别人的意见。你应该学会自己决定一切。 This was the first time David was asked to join in an out-of-school activity. 这是大卫第一次被邀请参加校外活动。 常用词组 ask for请求；寻求 反义 answer;reply 95.*assistant /ə'sistənt/n. 助手，助理 He works as an assistant of a manager. 他的工作是经理助理。 96.*at /æt/prep. 在(几点钟);在(某处);(表示动作的目标和方向)向，朝 Could I have an early morning call at six o'clock tomorrow? 我是否可以在明天6点钟电话叫早? We were told to turn right at the third traffic light. 我们被告知，在第三个红绿灯右转弯。 He aimed at the target.他瞄准了靶子。 谚语 There is a saying that what may be done at any time will be done at no time. 有句谚语：明日待明日，明日不再来。 97.attack /ə'tæk/v. 进攻，袭击 The enemy attacked us.敌人袭击了我们。 98.attend/ə'tend/v. 出席，参加 The teacher, as well as his students was invited to attend the party last week. 上周这位老师和他的学生被邀请参加聚会。 近 义 be present;go to 99.attention /ə'tenfən/n.注意，关心 The news about education has attracted the public attention recently. 最近有关教育的新闻引起了公众的注意。 ( 32 )17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 常用词组 pay attention to 注 意 100.attitude /'ætitju:d/n. 态 度 His attitude is good.他的态度好。 101.***attract /ə'trækt/v. 吸引；引起 The Bund attracts many people with its beautiful night view. 外滩以其美丽的夜景吸引了许多人。 K 词形拓展 attractive adj.有吸引力的 102.*attractive /ə'træktiv/adj. 有吸引力的 The kids were very excited when they saw so many attractive cartoons in the amusement park. 当孩子们在游乐园里看到这么多具有吸引力的漫画时，他们很激动。 China is becoming more and more attractive to people around the world. 对世界各地的人们来说，中国正在变得越来越有吸引力。 103.audience /'ɔ:drons/n. 观众；听众 His speech won the applause of the audience .他的演讲赢得了观众的掌声。 104.August /'ɔ:gəst/n. 八月 Tourists are at its peak in Augus t.游客在8月达到高峰。 105.aunt /a:nt/n. 姑；姨；伯母；舅母；婶 Peter didn’t buy the digital camera because his aunt had given him a new one. 彼得没买这个数码相机是因为他的姨妈给了他一个新的。 106.Australia /n'strerljə/n.澳洲；澳大利亚 David's father has never been to Australia before, has he? 大卫的父亲以前从来没有去过澳大利亚，是吗? 107.Australian /n'strerljən/adj. 澳洲的；澳大利亚的 n. 澳大利亚人 He has many typical Australian habits.他有许多澳大利亚人的习惯。 He is an Australian. 他是澳大利亚人。 108.automatic /ɔ:tə'mætik/adj. 自动的 This is an automatic door.这是自动门。 109.autumn /'ɔ:təm/n. 秋天，秋季 Leaves fall off the trees in autumn .秋天，叶子从树上掉落下来 110.available /ə'verləbl/adj. 可用的；可得到的 This was the only available room.只剩下这个房间可用了。 The movie card was no longer available , so I threw it away. 电影卡不再能用了，所以我把它扔掉了。 111.*average /'ævəridʒ/adj. 平均的；普通的 n. 平均数 Though he is of average height, he plays much better than the others in the team. 他虽然中等个头，但打球打得比队里任何一个人都好。 Her brother is above average in his reading ability. 她哥哥的阅读能力在平均水平以上。 常用词组 on average 平均；通常 112.avoid /ə'yɔɪd/v. 避免；避开 To avoid being embarrassed, it's better to turn down his invitation with a good excuse. 为了避免尴尬，最好找个好借口拒绝他的邀请。 名师点拔avoid是常考单词，所以学生一定要掌握它的用法。avoid后面跟动名词。 113.*award /ə'wɔ:d/n. 奖品；奖励 v. 授予 Joe won an award for his contribution to football. 乔因为对足球的贡献而获奖。 This university awarded him an honorary degree. 这所大学授予他荣誉学位。 114.*away /ə'wei/adv. 离开；远离 As far as I know, he will be away for three months. 据我所知，他将离开3个月。 115.*awful /'ɔ:ful/adj.可怕的 The food in this plate is awful .这个盘子里的食物很难吃。 词形拓展 awfully adv.十分；非常 ( 34 )18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $