Unit 2 Be sporty, be healthy Extended reading - Project 导学案-2025-2026学年译林版高中英语必修第二册

年 级:高一 科 目:英语 内 容:B2 U2-3 Extended reading - Project 【同步知识梳理】 知识点1:how 引导的感叹句 原文:How boring it is to exercise alone! 独自一人锻炼是多么的无趣!(教材P23) (1)由 how 引导的感叹句,其句子结构也分为三种: ①可用句型:“ How +形容词 / 副词+主语+谓语!”。如: How beautiful the city is! 这座城市是多么的美丽啊! How fast he runs! 他跑得多快啊! ②可用句型:“ How +形容词+ a/an +可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”。如: How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊! ③可用句型:“ How +主语+谓语!”。如: How time flies! 光阴似箭! (2)由 what 引导的感叹句,其句子结构可分为以下三种: ①可用句型:“ What + a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”。如: What a beautiful school it is! 这是多么美丽的一个校园啊! ②可用句型:“ What +形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!”。如: What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子啊! ③可用句型:“ What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!”。如: What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊! 由 what 引导的感叹句与由 how 引导的感叹句有时可以转换,但句中部分单词的顺序要有所变化。如: How beautiful a girl she is! = What a beautiful girl she is! What delicious cakes these are! = How delicious these cakes are! 例题训练: ①_ ②_ 这部电影是多么的有趣啊! Keys:①What an interesting movie it is ②How interesting the film is! 知识点2:hesitate 原文:When my friend first suggested that we join the new Tai Chi Club at school, I hesitated. 当我的朋友第一次建议我们加入学校的新太极俱乐部时,我犹豫了一下(教材P25) hesitate vi. 犹豫;迟疑 hesitate to do sth 迟疑做某事;不愿做某事 hesitate about/ over 对… 犹豫不决 hesitation n. 犹豫 without hesitation 毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth 毫不犹豫地做某事 hesitant adj. 迟疑的;踌躇的;犹豫不定的 be hesitant about (doing) 对(做)某事犹豫 be hesitant to do sth 不愿做某事 ①Please do not hesitate to contact me if you have any queries. 如果有疑问就请尽管和我联系。 ②Children live by their instincts openly and without hesitation. 孩子们是完全凭直觉来生活的,而且从不犹豫。 ③She was hesitant about coming forward with her story. 她迟迟不愿说出自己的经历。 例题训练: ①I didn't _ taking the job. 我毫不犹豫地接受了那份工作。 ②I _ recommending her for the job. 我毫不犹豫地推荐她做这项工作。 ③Doctors _ comment on the new treatment. 医生们不愿对新疗法作出评论。 Keys:1. hesitate for a moment about 2. have no hesitation in 3.are hesitant to 知识点3:admit / 过去完成时 原文:I had to admit that I had been wrong about tai chi. 我不得不承认我以前对太极的看法是错误的。(教材P25) (1)admit admit vt. & vi.承认;招认;准许进入;准许加入 admit (doing/ having done) sth admit to sb that… 向某人承认… admit sb to/ into 允许某人进入 admission n. 承认;入场费;进入许可;坦白;录用 gain admission to 获准进入 an admission of guilt/failure/defeat 承认有罪 失败 被击败 admission charges/prices 入场费 票价 ①She stubbornly refuses to admit the truth. 她顽固地拒不承认事实 ②The narrow windows admit little light into the room. 窗户狭窄,只有少量光线可以照进房间。 ③By his own admission, he was smoking and drinking too much. 他自己承认抽烟饮酒过度。 例题训练: ①Whoever has smoked here should _. 无论谁在这吸了烟,都应该勇敢承认做错了。 ②Two crash victims _ the local hospital. 两位车祸受害者已送进当地医院。 ③She failed to _ the university of her choice. 她未获自己选择的大学录取。 Keys:①bravely admit having done it ②were admitted to ③gain admission to (2)过去完成时 本句中“I had been wrong”是过去完成时,过去完成时表示过去某一时间前就已经发生或完成了的动作,对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或是结果,用来指在另一个过去行动之前就已经完成了的事件。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”,侧重事情的结果。常用过去完成时的几种情况如下: (1)句中含有by, by the end of, by the time, until, before, since等后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句。 By the end of last year, the share had risen to 69%. 到去年年底,这一比例已经升至69%。 (2)表示未曾实现的希望、打算、意图、诺言等,常用had hoped/planned/meant/intended/thought/wanted/expected等或用上述动词的过去式接不定式的完成式,即hoped/planned ...+to have done。 I had meant to buy some apples, but I forgot about it. 我本来打算买些苹果,但是忘记了。 ③“时间名词+before”在句中作状语,谓语动词用过去完成时;“时间名词+ago”在句中作状语,谓语动词用一般过去时。 He said his first teacher had died at least 10 years before. 他说他的启蒙老师至少10年前就过世了。 ④在hardly/scarcely ...when ...,no sooner ... than ...句式中,主句常用过去完成时,表示“一……就……”。当hardly, scarcely, no sooner置于句首时,其后要用部分倒装。 We had no sooner been seated than the bus started. =No sooner had we been seated than the bus started. 我们刚坐下,公交车就开了。 例题训练: ①The dishes were all removed before I _. 我还没有吃完盘子就都给收掉了。 ②I _ by four yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午四点我已做完作业 ③I _ to your party yesterday but an unexpected guest visited me. 我本打算昨天去参加你的晚会的,但我有个不速之客。 ④No sooner _ than there was a loud knock on the door.我刚坐下就有人大声敲门。 Keys:①had finished eating ②had finished doing my homework ③had intended to go ④had I sat down 知识点4:inspire 原文:Just as importantly, practicing tai chi has inspired me to explore the Chinese culture behind it.同样重要的是,练习太极还激励了我去探索太极背后的中国文化。(教材P25) inspire vt. 激励,鼓舞;启发思考;使产生(感觉或情感) inspire sb with sth/ inspire sth in sb 用某事激励某人 inspire sb to do sth 激励某人做某事 inspiration n. 灵感;鼓舞人心的人(或事) inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的 inspired adj. 受到鼓舞的;有灵感的 ①The actors inspired the kids with their enthusiasm. 演员以热情鼓舞着孩子们。 ②By visiting schools, the actors hope to inspire children to put on their own productions. 演员希望通过访问学校鼓励孩子们演出自己的作品。 ③His speech was inspiring and touched my heart. 他的发言鼓舞人心,动人肺腑。 ④She drew her inspiration from her childhood experiences. 她从儿时的经历中获得灵感。 例题训练: ①We must promote originality, _ and encourage innovation. 我们必须提倡独创性,激发创造力,鼓励创新。 ②If you _ one day that’s great. Use your inspiration. 如果你哪天感到灵感大发,那当然不错,赶快用它。 ③Her humour and determination were _ to others. 她的幽默与坚毅对其他人来说是一种鼓舞。 Keys:①inspire creativity ②feel inspired ③a source of inspiration 知识点5:explore 原文:Just as importantly, practicing tai chi has inspired me to explore the Chinese culture behind it. 同样重要的是,练习太极还激励了我去探索太极背后的中国文化。(教材P25) explore vt. & vi. 探究,探索;勘探,勘察 explore (for) sth 勘探;勘查;探索;考察 exploration n. 探测;探究;踏勘 the exploration of space 对宇宙空间的探索 oil exploration (= searching for oil in the ground) 石油勘探 explorer n. 探险家;勘探者;探测器 ①As soon as we arrived on the island we were eager to explore.我们一来到岛上就急不可耐地开始探胜。 ②The accord will allow companies to explore for oil and gas in the 68,000 square mile area. 依据该协议,两国公司将在6.8万平方英里的海域勘探石油和天然气 ③Come on, let us go out into the wide world for exploration! 来吧,让我们到广阔的世界里去探索吧! 例题训练: ①I'm going to take advantage of this tour to _. 我想利用这次旅行来探索这座城堡的历史。 ②A big program of _ has begun offshore. 一个大规模的石油勘探计划正在近海展开。 ③Tilman was _, mountaineer, sailor and writer. 提尔曼是个著名的探险家,登山家,水手和作家。 Keys:①explore the history of the castle ②oil exploration ③a famous explorer 知识点6:no wonder 原文:No wonder some tai chi moves are named after animals. 太极拳的部分招收以动物来命名也就不足为奇了。(教材P25) no wonder 不足为奇,并不奇怪 wonder about 对…感到奇怪;对…感到疑惑 wonder at 对…感到吃惊 in wonder 在惊奇中,惊讶地 wonder of the world 世界奇迹;世界奇观 natural wonder 自然景观 small wonder 不足为奇;不值得惊奇 do wonder 创造出奇迹 ①No wonder you're tired, you've been walking for hours. 难怪你累了呢,你一直走了好几个小时。 ②It's here that I wonder about the originality of the finding. 就是在这点上我怀疑这项研究的原创性。 ③She gazed down in wonder at the city spread below her. 她俯视展现在眼前的城市,惊叹不已。 ④The first stop is a natural wonder that the United States shares with Canada. 我们游览的第一站是美国与加拿大共享的一个自然奇观。 知识点7:satisfaction / with + 宾语 + 宾补 原文:With these requirements of tai chi in mind, I found to my satisfaction that my balance and flexibility slowly improved…. 将太极拳的这些要求铭记于心,我非常满意的发现我的平衡力和灵活性慢慢的得到了改善….(教材P26) (1)satisfaction satisfaction adj. n. 满意,满足;达到 gain/get/derive satisfaction from sth 从某事中得到满足感 look/smile of satisfaction 心满意足的表情 笑容 with satisfaction 满意地 to one’s satisfaction 让人感到满意的是 satisfy v.令人满意;令人满足 satisfy sb使某人满意 satisfy sth 满足某物(要求、需要等) satisfy sb of sth 使某人相信某事 satisfactory adj. 满意的 a satisfactory explanation/answer/solution/conclusion 令人满意的解释;站得住脚的回答;可行的解决办法;足以服人的结论 ①Seeing the young trees we planted waving in the gentle wind, all of us laughed with great satisfaction. 看见我们种的小树在微风中摇曳,我们都非常满意地笑了。 ②The education system must satisfy the needs of all children. 教育系统必须满足所有儿童的需要。 ③People need to be satisfied of the need for a new system. 需要使人们明白建立一个新体系的必要性。 ④If the item is not satisfactory, you will get your money back. 东西不满意,可以退款。 例题训练: ①_, the hotel will compensate us for our loss.令我们感到满意的是,酒店会补偿我们的损失。 ②His answer did not _ at all. 他的答复丝毫没有满足我的好奇心。 ③He _ them. 他和他们做了一笔满意的交易。 Keys:①To our satisfaction ②satisfy my curiosity ③made a satisfactory bargain with (2)with + 宾语 + 宾补 本句中“with these requirements of tai chi in mind”是 with + 宾语 + 宾补结构,其中“these requirements of tai chi”在句中作with的宾语,“in mind”是介词短语作宾补。“With + 复合结构”又称为“with结构”,在句中表状态或说明背景情况,常做伴随,方式,原因,条件等状语。常见形式有: (1) with+宾语+形容词(强调宾语的特性或状态) She often sleeps with the windows open. 她常开着窗睡觉。 (2)with+宾语+副词 He stood before his teacher with his head down. 他低着头站在老师面前。 (3) with+宾语+名词 He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl. 他去世时,女儿还是个小学生。 (4)with+宾语+介词短语 She said good-bye with tears in her eyes. 她含着眼泪说了声再见。 (5)with+宾语+现在分词(短语) With Senior Three approaching, I really hope to have a heart to heart talk with you! 随着高三临近,我真的希望和你说说心里话! (6)with+宾语+过去分词(短语) He sat there with his eyes closed. 他闭目坐在那儿。 (7) with+宾语+不定式(短语) I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash. 要洗这些衣服,我无法出去了。 例题训练: ①With the Spring Festival _(approach), Chinese people all over the world usher in the Lunar New Year in their own ways. 随着春节的临近,居住在海外的华人华侨纷纷举办各种形式的活动,喜迎新春。 ②With the problem_(solve) , the plan is going on smoothly. 随着这个问题的解决,计划正顺利进行。 ③With a lot of work _(do), he wasn't allowed to go out. 因为还有很多工作要做,他没有被允许外出。 Keys:1. approaching 2. solved 3. to do 知识点8:breathe 原文:…, breathe in and breathe out,… …吸气和呼气….(教材P26) breathe vt. & vi. 呼吸;呼出 breathe in 吸入 breathe out 呼出 breathe freely 透气;安心 breathe again 宽心;再次呼吸 breath n. 呼吸,气息 take a deep breath 深呼吸 out of breath 喘不过气来,上气不接下气 bad breath 口臭 a breath of fresh 令人耳目一新的人(或事物、地方) 例题训练: ①_, and breathe out, and pay attention to your breath as it comes in and goes out. 吸气,然后呼气,当气体吸进去和呼出去时把注意力都集中在你的呼吸上。 ②By the time I got to the top of the hill, I was quite _. 等我爬到山顶的时候,已经是上气不接下气了。 Keys:①Breathe in ②out of breath 【精题精练精讲】 一、单句语法填空 1.His speech was _ (inspire) and touched my heart. 2.The air was so cold that we could hardly _ (breath). 3.Anxiety comes from not being able to orient yourself in your own _ (exist). 4.Hospital _ (admit) is not necessary in most cases. 5.By the time her mother got home last night,her homework _ (finish). 6.He had the _ (satisfy) of seeing his book become a best-seller. 7.His problems are deeply rooted _ his childhood experiences. 8.As far as I know,he now _ (treat) in India. 二、短语填空 be based on,be rooted in,breathe in,bring about,focus on,look into,no wonder,to one’s satisfaction 1.Many new changes will _ in China’s industry. 2.Your complaint _ at the moment;when we have anything to report,we will write to you again. 3.They may contain poisonous chemicals that can _, or simply absorbed through the skin. 4._, the beautiful lights got some applause from many travellers. 5.Part of this conviction _ my own experience. 6.Many pictures have _ simple geometric designs. 7._ you can’t find anybody here;they’re all away at a meeting. 8.It took an extraordinary effort to _ preparing his classes or correcting his students’ work. 三、完成句子 1.学校图书馆这个星期在装修,所以我们不能在那里借书或读书。(进行时态的被动语态) The school library _ this week,so we can’t borrow books or do some reading there. 2.据说,二氧化碳正以先前所担忧的两倍的速度加热着地球。 Carbon dioxide _ twice as quickly as previously feared. 3.那天是父亲的生日,我不由自主地想起了他。(find复合结构) It was Dad’s birthday,and I _. 4.随着高三临近,我真的希望和你说说心里话!(with复合结构) _, I really hope to have a heart-to-heart talk with you! 5.面对经济大萧条,今年已经尝试了每种可能的方法来挽救公司,以避免破产。(完成时态的被动语态) Facing the economic depression,every possible means _ this year to save the company from going bankrupt. 一、单句语法填空 1.inspiring 2.breathe 3.existence 4.admission 5.had been finished 6.satisfaction 7.in 8.is being treated 二、短语填空 1.be brought about 2.is being looked into 3.be breathed in 4.To my satisfaction 5.is rooted in 6.been based on 7.No wonder 8.focus on 三、完成句子 1.is being decorated 2.is said to be heating the earth 3.found myself thinking about him 4.With Senior Three approaching 5.has been tried 【能力拓展训练】 一、七选五 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tennis, basketball, soccer, swimming — these are examples of the hundreds, maybe thousands, of sports in the world. People in every country play some kind of athletic game. Why do people spend so much time and energy playing sports? _1_ Good health is one big advantage to playing sports. _2_ Scientists in Finland discovered that even between twins, the exercising one had more muscle, more energy, and healthier hearts and lungs. The one who did not play any sports had less energy and more fat. _3_ Another reason is that they want to be social. People who play on a team become friends with their team members and meet players from different teams. Sports games become enjoyable social events, not just competitions. An additional reason for playing sports is that it makes people feel good. It does this in two interesting ways. First, playing sports makes people feel good about themselves. _4_ Second, when we exercise, our brains produce chemicals that make us feel good. When people run around for two hours playing a basketball game, they often feel great even if they lose the game. There are a lot of other reasons why people play sports, but studies show that the biggest reason is enjoyment. When asked why they play sports, most people said they play because it’s fun. _5_ Do you want to be healthy, socialize, feel good, and have fun? Play a sport. A. It takes time to find a fun sport. B. They don’t have to play — they want to play. C. Finishing a long race can make someone feel confident. D. It may be because playing sports has a lot of advantages. E. Good health is not the only reason that people play sports. F. Exercise can make people stronger and help them live longer lives. G. Sports allow people to realize the importance of physical and mental health. 【答案】16. D 17. F 18. E 19. C 20. B 【导语】本文是说明文。文章分析了人们从事体育运动的原因。 【16题详解】 上文“Why do people spend so much time and energy playing sports?(为什么人们花这么多时间和精力去运动?)”用why提出问题,D项“It may be because playing sports has a lot of advantages.(这可能是因为体育运动有很多好处)”用because给出答案,同时引出下文对“advantages”的具体说明,上下文语意连贯。故选D项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Good health is one big advantage to playing sports.(身体健康是从事体育运动的一大优势)”和下文“Scientists in Finland discovered that even between twins, the exercising one had more muscle, more energy, and healthier hearts and lungs. The one who did not play any sports had less energy and more fat.(芬兰科学家发现,即使是双胞胎,运动的那一个也有更多的肌肉、更多的精力、更健康的心肺。不参加任何运动的人能量更少,脂肪更多)”可知,本段表达的观点是从事体育运动让人更健康。F项“Exercise can make people stronger and help them live longer lives.(锻炼可以使人更强壮,帮助他们长寿)”表达了同样的观点,其中“make people stronger and help them live longer lives”与上文“Good health”相照应,上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 【18题详解】 根据下文“Another reason is that they want to be social. (另一个原因是他们想要社交)”中“Another reason”可知,上文中会先给出一个原因,E项“Good health is not the only reason that people play sports.(良好的健康并不是人们做运动的唯一原因)”承接上一段,提出身体健康是从事体育运动的原因之一,但不是唯一原因,进而引出下文中的另一个原因,上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 【19题详解】 上文“First, playing sports makes people feel good about themselves.(首先,运动让人自我感觉良好)”提出运动让人自我感觉良好,C项“Finishing a long race can make someone feel confident.(完成一场长跑可以让人感到自信)”对此进行举例说明,句中“feel confident”与上文“feel good about themselves”相照应,上下文语意连贯。故选C项。 【20题详解】 上文“There are a lot of other reasons why people play sports, but studies show that the biggest reason is enjoyment. When asked why they play sports, most people said they play because it’s fun.(人们从事体育运动还有很多其他原因,但研究表明,最大的原因是享受。当被问及为什么做运动时,大多数人说他们做运动是因为好玩)”提出人们从事体育运动的最大原因是享受和好玩,B项“They don’t have to play — they want to play.(他们不是必须要运动——他们是想运动)”承接上文,进一步揭示人们从事体育运动的原因是自己想运动。故选B项。 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Gao Shuaiqi finds his own road to success. He makes every minute of his life _1_. He opens his delivery (递送) app at 10 am when orders begin to _2_ and finishes at 9 pm. Yet, Gao doesn’t call it a day, since he has _3_ studying for two or three hours for the law examination of Shanghai Jiao Tong University before going to bed. “I hope I could reach out to more people _4_,” he says. Born in a village in Kaifeng, Gao was _5_ influenced by the down-to-earth spirit of his parents. “They were farmers and worked very hard to bring me up. I’ve come to where I am on their _6_, and now it’s time for me to look after them,” Gao says. His father’s sudden stroke (中风) made things worse for his family, which had already been _7_ to make both ends meet. Gao studied whenever he could while _8_ his father in hospital. Gao’s efforts paid off. He was _9_ to the university and he met his expectations in full measure. That was when he decided to become a delivery driver to _10_ the family. He deals with more than 30 orders on a _11_ basis. Some of the _12_ orders Gao has taken included delivering a takeout that weighs 40 kilograms and climbing the stairs to the 14th floor when the lift was _13_. Gao’s friends have been calling him A Gan, the Chinese nickname (绰号) for Forrest Gump. Gao has taken _14_ in his nickname, which he believes is an encouragement for him to deliver more _15_ to his family and society through hard work. 1. A. count B. return C. fix D. last 2. A. drop B. climb C. change D. stop 3. A. ended up B. dreamt of C. insisted on D. succeeded in 4. A. in need B. in doubt C. in response D. in control 5. A. slightly B. shortly C. hardly D. deeply 6. A. hands B. shoulders C. heads D. arms 7. A. struggling B. managing C. promising D. choosing 8. A. protecting B. replacing C. treating D. tending 9. A. invited B. admitted C. sent D. introduced 10. A. leave B. start C. support D. cheer 11. A. daily B. weekly C. monthly D. yearly 12. A. rudest B. funniest C. toughest D. poorest 13. A. over B. on C. up D. down 14. A. part B. pride C. action D. root 15. A. value B. time C. money D. food 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了外卖小哥高帅旗的励志故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他使生命中的每一分钟都有价值。A. count重要;有价值;B. return返回;C. fix修理;D. last持续。由上文“Gao Shuaiqi finds his own road to success.”可知,高帅旗找到了自己的成功之路,由此可知,他充分利用生命中的每分钟,使每分钟都有意义,故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他在上午10点打开自己的外卖应用程序,订单开始增加,晚上9点结束。A. drop掉落;B. climb攀爬;上升;C. change改变;D. stop停下来。由上文“He opens his delivery (递送) app at 10 am when orders begin to”可知,在上午10点打开外卖应用程序时,订单应该开始增加,故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:然而,高并没有收工,因为他坚持在睡觉前学习两三个小时,来准备上海交通大学的法律考试。A. ended up结束;B. dreamt of梦想着;C. insisted on坚持;D. succeeded in成功。由上文“Gao doesn’t call it a day”和下文“studying for two or three hours for the law examination of Shanghai Jiao Tong University before going to bed.”可知,送完外卖后,高还坚持学习,来准备上海交通大学的法律考试,故选C。 【24题详解】 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:“我希望能够帮助更多需要帮助的人,”他说。A. in need在困难中;有需要;B. in doubt可怀疑的;C. in response作为回答;D. in control控制。由上文“I hope I could reach out to more people”可知,高希望帮助更多需要帮助的人,故选A。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意:他出生在开封的一个村庄,深受父母脚踏实地精神的影响。A. slightly稍微地;B. shortly不久;C. hardly几乎不;D. deeply深刻地。由下文“They were farmers and worked very hard to bring me up.”可知,高的父母是农民,辛苦把他养大,父母脚踏实地的精神深深影响了他,故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:高说,“我现在的成功是踩在他们的肩膀上得来的,现在是我照顾他们的时候了。”A. hands手;B. shoulders肩膀;C. heads头;D. arms手臂。由上文“I’ve come to where I am on their”可知,高认为自己的成功是踩在父母肩膀上得来的,故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他父亲突然中风,这使他的家庭情况变得更加糟糕,因为他的家庭本来就在艰难地维持收支平衡。A. struggling斗争;挣扎;B. managing管理;C. promising承诺;D. choosing选择。由上文“His father’s sudden stroke (中风) made things worse for his family,”和下文“to make both ends meet”可知,他的家庭本来就很贫穷,一直艰难地维持收支平衡,父亲中风,使得家庭情况更加糟糕,struggle to do sth.固定搭配,意为“尽力做某事;挣扎做某事”。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在医院照顾父亲期间,高尽可能地学习。A. protecting保护;B. replacing取代;C. treating款待;D. tending照顾。由下文“his father in hospital.”可知,此处指高在医院照顾生病的父亲,故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他被大学录取了,他完全达到了自己的期望。A. invited邀请;B. admitted承认;接纳(入学);C. sent邮寄;发送;D. introduced介绍。由下文“to the university and he met his expectations in full measure.”可知,他被大学录取了,be admitted to固定搭配,意为“被录取”,故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:就在那时,他决定成为一名外卖小哥,来养家。A. leave离开;B. start开始;C. support支持;供养;D. cheer使高兴。由上文“That was when he decided to become a delivery driver to”可知,高成为外卖小哥来赚钱养家。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他每天处理超过30个订单。A. daily日常的;B. weekly每周的;C. monthly每月的;D. yearly每年。由上文“He deals with more than 30 orders”可知,30个订单量应该是一天的外卖订单,故选A。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:高接到过的一些最艰难的订单包括送一份重达40公斤的外卖,当时电梯坏了,他爬楼梯爬到14楼。A. rudest最粗鲁的;B. funniest最有趣的;C. toughest最艰难的;D. poorest最贫穷的。由下文“included delivering a takeout that weighs 40 kilograms and climbing the stairs to the 14th floor when the lift was_13_”可知,送一份重达40公斤的外卖,且爬到14楼去送,这是高接过的最艰难的订单,故选C。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:高接到过的一些最艰难的订单包括送一份重达40公斤的外卖,当时电梯坏了,他爬楼梯爬到14楼。A. over结束的;B. on开着的;C. up向上的;D. down不运转的;出故障的。由上文“climbing the stairs to the 14th floor when the lift was”可知,电梯出故障时,他不得不爬楼梯上去送快递,故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:高对自己的绰号感到自豪,他认为这是一种鼓励,鼓励他通过努力工作为家庭和社会创造更多价值。A. part部分;B. pride骄傲;C. action行为;D. root根。由上文“Gao has taken”和下文“in his nickname, which he believes is an encouragement for him”可知,高对自己的绰号感到骄傲,因为这对于他来说是一种鼓励,take pride in固定搭配,意为“对……感到骄傲”,故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:高对自己的绰号感到自豪,他认为这是一种鼓励,鼓励他通过努力工作为家庭和社会创造更多价值。A. value价值;B. time时间;C. money金钱;D. food食物。由上文“he believes is an encouragement for him to deliver more”和下文“to his family and society through hard work.”可知,高认为自己的绰号是一种鼓励,鼓励他通过努力工作为家庭和社会创造更多价值,故选A。 三、语法填空 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 It is true that festivals are important. Festivals provide an opportunity to create new memories. Different cultures have different festivals, _1_ the joy and excitement are the same. For adults, celebrations are a way of taking a break from dull routines. For kids, this is the perfect time _2_ (learn) and enrich their lives with knowledge. Festivals play a significant role in a _3_ (child) life. While being a part of celebrations, children experience occasions that bring them happiness and create great memories. Additionally, every festival has a rich backstory, _4_ has numerous lessons and values to teach. Historical and geographical contexts related to festivals explain why we celebrate festivals _5_ specific customs. Celebrations bring people together. They help develop community pride and contribute to the _6_ (belief) and feelings of togetherness. Thus, festivals are a significant time for kids to connect with extended families, neighbors, and community members. Kids learn the importance of unity when they _7_ (active) participate and contribute to making the celebration _8_ (success). Festivals are a good opportunity for kids to meet people from all walks of life. As a result, children can learn different characters of social behavior by _9_ (talk) with the people around them. During these times, kids get a chance to meet new friends. Moreover, there _10_ (be) plenty of opportunities for kids to exchange thoughts and these interactions will help them develop social skills. 【答案】36. but 37. to learn 38. child’s 39. which 40. with 41. beliefs 42. actively 43. successful 44. talking 45. are 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了节日的意义和作用。 【36题详解】 考查连词。句意:不同的文化有不同的节日,但欢乐和兴奋是相同的。根据句意,节日不同但欢乐和兴奋相同,上下文是转折关系,用并列连词连接前后分句。故填but。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:对于孩子们来说,这是学习和丰富他们的生活知识的最佳时机。名词time后一般用不定式作后置定语,time to do...意为“做……的时间”。故填to learn。 【38题详解】 考查名词所有格。句意:节日在孩子的生活中扮演着重要的角色。表示“孩子的生活”应用名词所有格child’s作定语,修饰名词life。故填child’s。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意:此外,每个节日都有丰富的背景故事,其中有许多教训和价值可以传授。分析句子可知,空格处为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词backstory,关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语,应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意:与节日相关的历史和地理背景解释了为什么我们用特定的习俗来庆祝节日。结合句意,表示“用特定的习俗”用介词with,其意为“用……”。故填with。 【41题详解】 考查名词复数。句意:他们有助于培养社区自豪感,促进团结的信念和感觉。提示词与feelings是并列关系,用名词形式作宾语,表示“信仰”常用复数形式。故填beliefs。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意:当孩子们积极参与并为庆祝活动的成功做出贡献时,他们就学会了团结的重要性。修饰动词participate,用副词actively,意为“积极地”。故填actively。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意:当孩子们积极参与并为庆祝活动的成功做出贡献时,他们就学会了团结的重要性。提示词作使役动词making后宾语the celebration的补足语,用形容词successful“成功的”。故填successful。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:因此,孩子们可以通过与周围的人交谈来学习不同的社会行为特征。介词后跟动名词,作宾语。故填talking。 【45题详解】 考查主谓一致。句意:此外,孩子们有很多机会交流思想,这些互动将帮助他们发展社交技能。there be句型的主语为复数名词opportunities,谓动词也应使用复数形式。故填are。 【课后巩固训练】 一、阅读理解 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。 A Welcome to Write the World! We’re a community of young writers (ages 13-18) from over 120 countries. Join us and... Write more Explore our ever-changing library of prompts (提示) as you keep on a regular writing practice. When you’re at a loss for an idea or feeling uninspired, a prompt magically opens new doors. Push beyond your comfort zone and try different topics and styles. Write well See your writing improve as you find your own voice. Enter competitions for the chance to receive comments (评论) from authors, writing teachers, and other experts in the field. Each month Write the World holds a new competition, which is developed around an idea or type of writing, such as poetry, fantasy, sports news, or fiction. Competitions encourage you to dig deeper into the writing process, try out new types and share your work with a sea of eager readers. Write together Writing is a social act. The best writers often rewrite their work — based on the advice they receive from their writing community. Share your work with an energetic community, and exchange opinions with writers from all over the world. At Write the World, this is what creates connection from one side of the world to the other. Expressing ourselves through the written word is so much easier and fun when we have eager readers telling us what’s working well, and where we might improve our skills. WORDS ARE POWERFUL. In joining the Write the World community and publishing on our website, you are responsible for your words. Check out our Writing Guidelines for further details. Please contact us at hello@writetheworld.com if you have any questions. 1. What is Write the World? A. A publishing house. B. An online community. C. A world organization. D. An advertising company. 2. What can you do at Write the World? A. Borrow books from its library. B. Have articles written by readers. C. Seek advice from other writers. D. Hold competitions every month. 3. What is the purpose of the text? A. To teach writing skills. B. To show the power of words. C. To attract young writers. D. To explain the competition rules. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个名为“书写世界”的写作社区网站,欢迎更多热爱写作的年轻作家加入网站并发表作品。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。由文章最后一段前两句“In joining the Write the World community and publishing on our website, you are responsible for your words. ”(加入书写世界写作社区,在我们的网站上发表作品,你将对你的文字负责。)可知,书写世界是一个聚集了全球少年作家的写作社区网站。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。由文章倒数第二自然段“Expressing ourselves through the written word is so much easier and fun when we have eager readers telling us what’s working well, and where we might improve our skills.”(当我们有热心的读者告诉我们哪儿写得好,哪儿也许需要提高时,通过文字把我们的观点表达出来是如此得容易和有趣。)可知,在书写世界,少年作家可以获取他人的建议让自己的作品写得更好。故选C项。 【3题详解】 主旨大意题。由第一段“We’re a community of young writers (ages 13-18) from over 120 countries. Join us and...”(我们是一个聚集了来自120多个国家13岁至18岁少年作家的写作社区,加入我们吧……)可知,文章目的是吸引更多的年轻作家加入。故选C项。 B When my son finally started school around the age of four, I felt as though I’d been promoted to the new position of School Parent. It was an unexpectedly challenging role, one without additional benefits, or a raise for that matter. As a direct result of starting school, there was the surprisingly unpleasant changes to our schedule. As parents, we were ill-prepared for the troubled time we had trying to get used to the practice of school. Gone were the carefree days without plans and plenty of time to kill. This included playing imaginary games indoors or hanging around outside whenever the weather turned nice. Getting to school on time meant becoming the ‘hot mess’ mum often seen in movies. I was rushing kids out the door, forgetting lunch boxes and losing car keys. As a huge morning person, I tried my best to ensure that school mornings remained calm and slow-paced. I prepared as much as possible the night before. But it still felt like we were in a rush, which I really hated. The trick, I later discovered, was to cover up my feeling of anxiety. I chanted to myself “Do not rush him, no one likes to be rushed” while helping him get through his morning routine and tasks in a timely manner. Whatever frustration (沮丧) I felt about how slow he was moving, I wouldn’t let him know it. I even didn’t allow anyone in our house to say phrases like, “Hurry up, we’re going to be late!” Our common goal, was not just to get our son out the door in time for school, but more importantly prove that mornings can be relaxed and enjoyable, rather than a horrible start to the day. Of course by the time summer holiday came, our family had grown wise enough. In what felt like the ‘longest shortest time’, we went from anxious and confused, to calm and confident once again. We were far more prepared to have a smoother start to the new school year. 4. What do we know about the author from the first paragraph? A. She liked her new position. B. She got a promotion at work. C. She made good preparations. D. She had to face the challenge. 5. Which word is similar in meaning to the underlined words “hot mess” in paragraph 3? A. Disorganized. B. Busy. C. Confident. D. Irresponsible. 6. What did the author do when her son was slow in school mornings? A. She sang a song. B. She pushed him hard. C. She hid her feelings. D. She complained a lot. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. Growth of kids. B. Experience as a school parent. C. New life in school. D. Advice on lifestyle change. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B 【导语】本文是篇记叙文。随着儿子步入学校,作者也晋升为一名学生家长,生活管理和时间安排都遇到了不小的挑战。文章描述了作者作为学生家长的一段经历和心路历程。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“It was an unexpectedly challenging role, one without additional benefits, or a raise for that matter.”(这是一个出乎意料的具有挑战性的角色,没有额外的福利,也没有加薪。)可知,作者不得不面对挑战。故选D。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“I was rushing kids out the door, forgetting lunch boxes and losing car keys.”(我赶着孩子们出门,忘带饭盒,丢了车钥匙。)可知,作者为了让孩子按时到校,经常手忙脚乱,丢三落四,比较混乱,所以划线词所在句“Getting to school on time meant becoming the ‘hot mess’ mum often seen in movies”(准时上学意味着成为电影中经常出现的“hot mess”妈妈)中划线词意为:一团糟、杂乱无章的。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Whatever frustration (沮丧) I felt about how slow he was moving, I wouldn’t let him know it. ”(不管我对他的慢动作有多沮丧,我都不会让他知道。)可知,当儿子在上学的早上动作缓慢时,作者会隐藏自己的情绪,不让他知道。故选C。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“When my son finally started school around the age of four, I felt as though I’d been promoted to the new position of School Parent.”(当我的儿子终于在四岁左右开始上学时,我觉得自己好像被提升到了“学校家长”的新职位。)及全文内容可知,本文主要讲述了作者作为一名学生家长的经历。故选B。 C Sancho Pancho owner Daria has turned her apartment into a small family business operation that makes unprocessed food waste from restaurants and markets into delicious and nutritional dog treats. When she started 2 years ago in 2020, it was the first of its kind in Portugal. She was making dog biscuits out of leftovers and sold them in Santos Collective, a weekly farmer’s market in central Lisbon. At the same time, restaurant owner and friend dson had opened a restaurant and was challenged with using up the fish he bought. This sparked (引发) the idea of using fish wastes for making dog treats and started a new business to deal with foo 年 级：高一 科 目：英语 内 容：B2 U2-3 Extended reading - Project 【同步知识梳理】 知识点1：how 引导的感叹句 原文：How boring it is to exercise alone! 独自一人锻炼是多么的无趣！(教材P23) (1)由 how 引导的感叹句，其句子结构也分为三种： ①可用句型：“ How ＋形容词 / 副词＋主语＋谓语！”。如： How beautiful the city is! 这座城市是多么的美丽啊！ How fast he runs! 他跑得多快啊！ ②可用句型：“ How ＋形容词＋ a/an ＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！”。如： How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊！ ③可用句型：“ How ＋主语＋谓语！”。如： How time flies! 光阴似箭！ (2)由 what 引导的感叹句，其句子结构可分为以下三种： ①可用句型：“ What + a/an ＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！”。如： What a beautiful school it is! 这是多么美丽的一个校园啊！ ②可用句型：“ What ＋形容词＋可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语！”。如： What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子啊！ ③可用句型：“ What ＋形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！”。如： What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊！ 由 what 引导的感叹句与由 how 引导的感叹句有时可以转换，但句中部分单词的顺序要有所变化。如： How beautiful a girl she is! ＝ What a beautiful girl she is! What delicious cakes these are! ＝ How delicious these cakes are! 例题训练： ①_________________________________________ ②_________________________________________ 这部电影是多么的有趣啊！ 知识点2：hesitate 原文：When my friend first suggested that we join the new Tai Chi Club at school, I hesitated. 当我的朋友第一次建议我们加入学校的新太极俱乐部时，我犹豫了一下(教材P25) hesitate vi. 犹豫；迟疑 hesitate to do sth 迟疑做某事；不愿做某事 hesitate about/ over 对… 犹豫不决 hesitation n. 犹豫 without hesitation 毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth 毫不犹豫地做某事 hesitant adj. 迟疑的；踌躇的；犹豫不定的 be hesitant about (doing) 对(做)某事犹豫 be hesitant to do sth 不愿做某事 ①Please do not hesitate to contact me if you have any queries. 如果有疑问就请尽管和我联系。 ②Children live by their instincts openly and without hesitation. 孩子们是完全凭直觉来生活的，而且从不犹豫。 ③She was hesitant about coming forward with her story. 她迟迟不愿说出自己的经历。 例题训练： ①I didn't ______________________ taking the job. 我毫不犹豫地接受了那份工作。 ②I ______________________ recommending her for the job. 我毫不犹豫地推荐她做这项工作。 ③Doctors ______________________ comment on the new treatment. 医生们不愿对新疗法作出评论。 知识点3：admit / 过去完成时 原文：I had to admit that I had been wrong about tai chi. 我不得不承认我以前对太极的看法是错误的。(教材P25) （1）admit admit vt. & vi.承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入 admit (doing/ having done) sth admit to sb that… 向某人承认… admit sb to/ into 允许某人进入 admission n. 承认；入场费；进入许可；坦白；录用 gain admission to 获准进入 an admission of guilt/failure/defeat 承认有罪╱失败╱被击败 admission charges/prices 入场费╱票价 ①She stubbornly refuses to admit the truth. 她顽固地拒不承认事实 ②The narrow windows admit little light into the room. 窗户狭窄，只有少量光线可以照进房间。 ③By his own admission, he was smoking and drinking too much. 他自己承认抽烟饮酒过度。 例题训练： ①Whoever has smoked here should ____________________. 无论谁在这吸了烟，都应该勇敢承认做错了。 ②Two crash victims ____________________ the local hospital. 两位车祸受害者已送进当地医院。 ③She failed to ____________________ the university of her choice. 她未获自己选择的大学录取。 （2）过去完成时 本句中“I had been wrong”是过去完成时，过去完成时表示过去某一时间前就已经发生或完成了的动作，对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或是结果，用来指在另一个过去行动之前就已经完成了的事件。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”，侧重事情的结果。常用过去完成时的几种情况如下： (1)句中含有by, by the end of, by the time, until, before, since等后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句。 By the end of last year, the share had risen to 69%. 到去年年底，这一比例已经升至69%。 (2)表示未曾实现的希望、打算、意图、诺言等，常用had hoped/planned/meant/intended/thought/wanted/expected等或用上述动词的过去式接不定式的完成式，即hoped/planned ...＋to have done。 I had meant to buy some apples, but I forgot about it. 我本来打算买些苹果，但是忘记了。 ③“时间名词＋before”在句中作状语，谓语动词用过去完成时；“时间名词＋ago”在句中作状语，谓语动词用一般过去时。 He said his first teacher had died at least 10 years before. 他说他的启蒙老师至少10年前就过世了。 ④在hardly/scarcely ...when ...，no sooner ... than ...句式中，主句常用过去完成时，表示“一……就……”。当hardly, scarcely, no sooner置于句首时，其后要用部分倒装。 We had no sooner been seated than the bus started. ＝No sooner had we been seated than the bus started. 我们刚坐下，公交车就开了。 例题训练： ①The dishes were all removed before I _________________________. 我还没有吃完盘子就都给收掉了。 ②I _________________________ by four yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午四点我已做完作业 ③I ______________________ to your party yesterday but an unexpected guest visited me. 我本打算昨天去参加你的晚会的，但我有个不速之客。 ④No sooner ________________________ than there was a loud knock on the door.我刚坐下就有人大声敲门。 知识点4：inspire 原文：Just as importantly, practicing tai chi has inspired me to explore the Chinese culture behind it.同样重要的是，练习太极还激励了我去探索太极背后的中国文化。(教材P25) inspire vt. 激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感) inspire sb with sth/ inspire sth in sb 用某事激励某人 inspire sb to do sth 激励某人做某事 inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事) inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的 inspired adj. 受到鼓舞的；有灵感的 ①The actors inspired the kids with their enthusiasm. 演员以热情鼓舞着孩子们。 ②By visiting schools, the actors hope to inspire children to put on their own productions. 演员希望通过访问学校鼓励孩子们演出自己的作品。 ③His speech was inspiring and touched my heart. 他的发言鼓舞人心，动人肺腑。 ④She drew her inspiration from her childhood experiences. 她从儿时的经历中获得灵感。 例题训练： ①We must promote originality, _________________ and encourage innovation. 我们必须提倡独创性，激发创造力，鼓励创新。 ②If you _____________ one day that’s great. Use your inspiration. 如果你哪天感到灵感大发，那当然不错，赶快用它。 ③Her humour and determination were ___________________ to others. 她的幽默与坚毅对其他人来说是一种鼓舞。 知识点5：explore 原文：Just as importantly, practicing tai chi has inspired me to explore the Chinese culture behind it. 同样重要的是，练习太极还激励了我去探索太极背后的中国文化。(教材P25) explore vt. & vi. 探究，探索；勘探，勘察 explore (for) sth 勘探；勘查；探索；考察 exploration n. 探测；探究；踏勘 the exploration of space 对宇宙空间的探索 oil exploration (= searching for oil in the ground) 石油勘探 explorer n. 探险家；勘探者；探测器 ①As soon as we arrived on the island we were eager to explore.我们一来到岛上就急不可耐地开始探胜。 ②The accord will allow companies to explore for oil and gas in the 68,000 square mile area. 依据该协议，两国公司将在6.8万平方英里的海域勘探石油和天然气 ③Come on, let us go out into the wide world for exploration! 来吧，让我们到广阔的世界里去探索吧！ 例题训练： ①I'm going to take advantage of this tour to _____________________. 我想利用这次旅行来探索这座城堡的历史。 ②A big program of ___________________ has begun offshore. 一个大规模的石油勘探计划正在近海展开。 ③Tilman was __________________, mountaineer, sailor and writer. 提尔曼是个著名的探险家，登山家，水手和作家。 知识点6：no wonder 原文：No wonder some tai chi moves are named after animals. 太极拳的部分招收以动物来命名也就不足为奇了。(教材P25) no wonder 不足为奇，并不奇怪 wonder about 对…感到奇怪；对…感到疑惑 wonder at 对…感到吃惊 in wonder 在惊奇中，惊讶地 wonder of the world 世界奇迹；世界奇观 natural wonder 自然景观 small wonder 不足为奇；不值得惊奇 do wonder 创造出奇迹 ①No wonder you're tired, you've been walking for hours. 难怪你累了呢，你一直走了好几个小时。 ②It's here that I wonder about the originality of the finding. 就是在这点上我怀疑这项研究的原创性。 ③She gazed down in wonder at the city spread below her. 她俯视展现在眼前的城市，惊叹不已。 ④The first stop is a natural wonder that the United States shares with Canada. 我们游览的第一站是美国与加拿大共享的一个自然奇观。 知识点7：satisfaction / with + 宾语 + 宾补 原文：With these requirements of tai chi in mind, I found to my satisfaction that my balance and flexibility slowly improved…. 将太极拳的这些要求铭记于心，我非常满意的发现我的平衡力和灵活性慢慢的得到了改善….(教材P26) （1）satisfaction satisfaction adj. n. 满意，满足；达到 gain/get/derive satisfaction from sth 从某事中得到满足感 look/smile of satisfaction 心满意足的表情╱笑容 with satisfaction 满意地 to one’s satisfaction 让人感到满意的是 satisfy v.令人满意；令人满足 satisfy sb使某人满意 satisfy sth 满足某物（要求、需要等） satisfy sb of sth 使某人相信某事 satisfactory adj. 满意的 a satisfactory explanation/answer/solution/conclusion 令人满意的解释；站得住脚的回答；可行的解决办法；足以服人的结论 ①Seeing the young trees we planted waving in the gentle wind, all of us laughed with great satisfaction. 看见我们种的小树在微风中摇曳，我们都非常满意地笑了。 ②The education system must satisfy the needs of all children. 教育系统必须满足所有儿童的需要。 ③People need to be satisfied of the need for a new system. 需要使人们明白建立一个新体系的必要性。 ④If the item is not satisfactory, you will get your money back. 东西不满意，可以退款。 例题训练： ①_______________, the hotel will compensate us for our loss.令我们感到满意的是，酒店会补偿我们的损失。 ②His answer did not ___________________ at all. 他的答复丝毫没有满足我的好奇心。 ③He _________________________ them. 他和他们做了一笔满意的交易。 （2）with + 宾语 + 宾补 本句中“with these requirements of tai chi in mind”是 with + 宾语 + 宾补结构，其中“these requirements of tai chi”在句中作with的宾语，“in mind”是介词短语作宾补。“With + 复合结构”又称为“with结构”，在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常做伴随，方式，原因，条件等状语。常见形式有： (1) with+宾语+形容词（强调宾语的特性或状态） She often sleeps with the windows open. 她常开着窗睡觉。 (2)with+宾语+副词 He stood before his teacher with his head down. 他低着头站在老师面前。 (3) with+宾语+名词 He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl. 他去世时，女儿还是个小学生。 (4)with+宾语+介词短语 She said good-bye with tears in her eyes. 她含着眼泪说了声再见。 (5)with+宾语+现在分词(短语) With Senior Three approaching, I really hope to have a heart­to­heart talk with you! 随着高三临近，我真的希望和你说说心里话！ (6)with+宾语+过去分词(短语) He sat there with his eyes closed. 他闭目坐在那儿。 (7) with+宾语+不定式(短语) I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash. 要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了。 例题训练： ①With the Spring Festival _______________(approach), Chinese people all over the world usher in the Lunar New Year in their own ways. 随着春节的临近，居住在海外的华人华侨纷纷举办各种形式的活动，喜迎新春。 ②With the problem_______________(solve) , the plan is going on smoothly. 随着这个问题的解决，计划正顺利进行。 ③With a lot of work _______________(do), he wasn't allowed to go out. 因为还有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出。 知识点8：breathe 原文：…, breathe in and breathe out,… …吸气和呼气….(教材P26) breathe vt. & vi. 呼吸；呼出 breathe in 吸入 breathe out 呼出 breathe freely 透气；安心 breathe again 宽心；再次呼吸 breath n. 呼吸，气息 take a deep breath 深呼吸 out of breath 喘不过气来，上气不接下气 bad breath 口臭 a breath of fresh 令人耳目一新的人（或事物、地方） 例题训练： ①_______________, and breathe out, and pay attention to your breath as it comes in and goes out. 吸气，然后呼气，当气体吸进去和呼出去时把注意力都集中在你的呼吸上。 ②By the time I got to the top of the hill, I was quite _______________. 等我爬到山顶的时候，已经是上气不接下气了。 【精题精练精讲】 一、单句语法填空 1.His speech was _______________ (inspire) and touched my heart.  2.The air was so cold that we could hardly _______________ (breath).  3.Anxiety comes from not being able to orient yourself in your own _______________ (exist).  4.Hospital _______________ (admit) is not necessary in most cases.  5.By the time her mother got home last night,her homework _______________ (finish). 6.He had the _______________ (satisfy) of seeing his book become a best-seller.  7.His problems are deeply rooted _______________ his childhood experiences.  8.As far as I know,he now _______________ (treat) in India.  二、短语填空 be based on,be rooted in,breathe in,bring about,focus on,look into,no wonder,to one’s satisfaction 1.Many new changes will _______________ in China’s industry.  2.Your complaint _______________ at the moment;when we have anything to report,we will write to you again.  3.They may contain poisonous chemicals that can _______________, or simply absorbed through the skin. 4._______________, the beautiful lights got some applause from many travellers. 5.Part of this conviction _______________ my own experience.  6.Many pictures have _______________ simple geometric designs.  7._______________ you can’t find anybody here;they’re all away at a meeting.  8.It took an extraordinary effort to _______________ preparing his classes or correcting his students’ work.  三、完成句子 1.学校图书馆这个星期在装修,所以我们不能在那里借书或读书。(进行时态的被动语态) The school library ______________________________ this week,so we can’t borrow books or do some reading there.  2.据说,二氧化碳正以先前所担忧的两倍的速度加热着地球。 Carbon dioxide ______________________________ twice as quickly as previously feared. 3.那天是父亲的生日,我不由自主地想起了他。(find复合结构) It was Dad’s birthday,and I ______________________________. 4.随着高三临近,我真的希望和你说说心里话!(with复合结构) ______________________________, I really hope to have a heart-to-heart talk with you! 5.面对经济大萧条,今年已经尝试了每种可能的方法来挽救公司,以避免破产。(完成时态的被动语态) Facing the economic depression,every possible means ______________________________ this year to save the company from going bankrupt.  【能力拓展训练】 一、七选五 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tennis, basketball, soccer, swimming — these are examples of the hundreds, maybe thousands, of sports in the world. People in every country play some kind of athletic game. Why do people spend so much time and energy playing sports? ____1____ Good health is one big advantage to playing sports. ____2____ Scientists in Finland discovered that even between twins, the exercising one had more muscle, more energy, and healthier hearts and lungs. The one who did not play any sports had less energy and more fat. ____3____ Another reason is that they want to be social. People who play on a team become friends with their team members and meet players from different teams. Sports games become enjoyable social events, not just competitions. An additional reason for playing sports is that it makes people feel good. It does this in two interesting ways. First, playing sports makes people feel good about themselves. ____4____ Second, when we exercise, our brains produce chemicals that make us feel good. When people run around for two hours playing a basketball game, they often feel great even if they lose the game. There are a lot of other reasons why people play sports, but studies show that the biggest reason is enjoyment. When asked why they play sports, most people said they play because it’s fun. ____5____ Do you want to be healthy, socialize, feel good, and have fun? Play a sport. A. It takes time to find a fun sport. B. They don’t have to play — they want to play. C. Finishing a long race can make someone feel confident. D. It may be because playing sports has a lot of advantages. E. Good health is not the only reason that people play sports. F. Exercise can make people stronger and help them live longer lives. G. Sports allow people to realize the importance of physical and mental health. 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Gao Shuaiqi finds his own road to success. He makes every minute of his life ____1____. He opens his delivery (递送) app at 10 am when orders begin to ____2____ and finishes at 9 pm. Yet, Gao doesn’t call it a day, since he has ____3____ studying for two or three hours for the law examination of Shanghai Jiao Tong University before going to bed. “I hope I could reach out to more people ____4____,” he says. Born in a village in Kaifeng, Gao was ____5____ influenced by the down-to-earth spirit of his parents. “They were farmers and worked very hard to bring me up. I’ve come to where I am on their ____6____, and now it’s time for me to look after them,” Gao says. His father’s sudden stroke (中风) made things worse for his family, which had already been ____7____ to make both ends meet. Gao studied whenever he could while ____8____ his father in hospital. Gao’s efforts paid off. He was ____9____ to the university and he met his expectations in full measure. That was when he decided to become a delivery driver to _____10_____ the family. He deals with more than 30 orders on a _____11_____ basis. Some of the _____12_____ orders Gao has taken included delivering a takeout that weighs 40 kilograms and climbing the stairs to the 14th floor when the lift was _____13_____. Gao’s friends have been calling him A Gan, the Chinese nickname (绰号) for Forrest Gump. Gao has taken _____14_____ in his nickname, which he believes is an encouragement for him to deliver more _____15_____ to his family and society through hard work. 1. A. count B. return C. fix D. last 2. A. drop B. climb C. change D. stop 3. A. ended up B. dreamt of C. insisted on D. succeeded in 4. A. in need B. in doubt C. in response D. in control 5. A. slightly B. shortly C. hardly D. deeply 6. A. hands B. shoulders C. heads D. arms 7. A. struggling B. managing C. promising D. choosing 8. A. protecting B. replacing C. treating D. tending 9. A. invited B. admitted C. sent D. introduced 10. A. leave B. start C. support D. cheer 11. A. daily B. weekly C. monthly D. yearly 12. A. rudest B. funniest C. toughest D. poorest 13. A. over B. on C. up D. down 14. A. part B. pride C. action D. root 15. A. value B. time C. money D. food 三、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 It is true that festivals are important. Festivals provide an opportunity to create new memories. Different cultures have different festivals, ____1____ the joy and excitement are the same. For adults, celebrations are a way of taking a break from dull routines. For kids, this is the perfect time ____2____ (learn) and enrich their lives with knowledge. Festivals play a significant role in a ____3____ (child) life. While being a part of celebrations, children experience occasions that bring them happiness and create great memories. Additionally, every festival has a rich backstory, ____4____ has numerous lessons and values to teach. Historical and geographical contexts related to festivals explain why we celebrate festivals ____5____ specific customs. Celebrations bring people together. They help develop community pride and contribute to the ____6____ (belief) and feelings of togetherness. Thus, festivals are a significant time for kids to connect with extended families, neighbors, and community members. Kids learn the importance of unity when they ____7____ (active) participate and contribute to making the celebration ____8____ (success). Festivals are a good opportunity for kids to meet people from all walks of life. As a result, children can learn different characters of social behavior by ____9____ (talk) with the people around them. During these times, kids get a chance to meet new friends. Moreover, there _____10_____ (be) plenty of opportunities for kids to exchange thoughts and these interactions will help them develop social skills. 【课后巩固训练】 一、阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 A Welcome to Write the World! We’re a community of young writers (ages 13-18) from over 120 countries. Join us and... Write more Explore our ever-changing library of prompts (提示) as you keep on a regular writing practice. When you’re at a loss for an idea or feeling uninspired, a prompt magically opens new doors. Push beyond your comfort zone and try different topics and styles. Write well See your writing improve as you find your own voice. Enter competitions for the chance to receive comments (评论) from authors, writing teachers, and other experts in the field. Each month Write the World holds a new competition, which is developed around an idea or type of writing, such as poetry, fantasy, sports news, or fiction. Competitions encourage you to dig deeper into the writing process, try out new types and share your work with a sea of eager readers. Write together Writing is a social act. The best writers often rewrite their work — based on the advice they receive from their writing community. Share your work with an energetic community, and exchange opinions with writers from all over the world. At Write the World, this is what creates connection from one side of the world to the other. Expressing ourselves through the written word is so much easier and fun when we have eager readers telling us what’s working well, and where we might improve our skills. WORDS ARE POWERFUL. In joining the Write the World community and publishing on our website, you are responsible for your words. Check out our Writing Guidelines for further details. Please contact us at hello@writetheworld.com if you have any questions. 1. What is Write the World? A. A publishing house. B. An online community. C. A world organization. D. An advertising company. 2. What can you do at Write the World? A. Borrow books from its library. B. Have articles written by readers. C. Seek advice from other writers. D. Hold competitions every month. 3. What is the purpose of the text? A. To teach writing skills. B. To show the power of words. C. To attract young writers. D. To explain the competition rules. B When my son finally started school around the age of four, I felt as though I’d been promoted to the new position of School Parent. It was an unexpectedly challenging role, one without additional benefits, or a raise for that matter. As a direct result of starting school, there was the surprisingly unpleasant changes to our schedule. As parents, we were ill-prepared for the troubled time we had trying to get used to the practice of school. Gone were the carefree days without plans and plenty of time to kill. This included playing imaginary games indoors or hanging around outside whenever the weather turned nice. Getting to school on time meant becoming the ‘hot mess’ mum often seen in movies. I was rushing kids out the door, forgetting lunch boxes and losing car keys. As a huge morning person, I tried my best to ensure that school mornings remained calm and slow-paced. I prepared as much as possible the night before. But it still felt like we were in a rush, which I really hated. The trick, I later discovered, was to cover up my feeling of anxiety. I chanted to myself “Do not rush him, no one likes to be rushed” while helping him get through his morning routine and tasks in a timely manner. Whatever frustration (沮丧) I felt about how slow he was moving, I wouldn’t let him know it. I even didn’t allow anyone in our house to say phrases like, “Hurry up, we’re going to be late!” Our common goal, was not just to get our son out the door in time for school, but more importantly prove that mornings can be relaxed and enjoyable, rather than a horrible start to the day. Of course by the time summer holiday came, our family had grown wise enough. In what felt like the ‘longest shortest time’, we went from anxious and confused, to calm and confident once again. We were far more prepared to have a smoother start to the new school year. 4. What do we know about the author from the first paragraph? A. She liked her new position. B. She got a promotion at work. C. She made good preparations. D. She had to face the challenge. 5. Which word is similar in meaning to the underlined words “hot mess” in paragraph 3? A. Disorganized. B. Busy. C. Confident. D. Irresponsible. 6. What did the author do when her son was slow in school mornings? A. She sang a song. B. She pushed him hard. C. She hid her feelings. D. She complained a lot. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. Growth of kids. B. Experience as a school parent. C. New life in school. D. Advice on lifestyle change. C Sancho Pancho owner Daria has turned her apartment into a small family business operation that makes unprocessed food waste from restaurants and markets into delicious and nutritional dog treats. When she started 2 years ago in 2020, it was the first of its kind in Portugal. She was making dog biscuits out of leftovers and sold them in Santos Collective, a weekly farmer’s market in central Lisbon. At the same time, restaurant owner and friend Édson had opened a restaurant and was challenged with using up the fish he bought. This sparked (引发) the idea of using fish wastes for making dog treats and started a new business to deal with food waste. On average 30% to 40% of the fish that Édson buys for his restaurant cannot be used. However, they are perfect for animals. Using cooking equipment, Daria can make fish parts into mouth-watering dog snacks. “From collected materials we are making dog biscuits, dried meat, skin fish chews and even fish oil,” states Daria. “All the products are 100% natural and made by hand. From being just a hobby ‘Sancho Pancho Shop’ has become a functioning business.” Daria collects around 20kg of fish waste every week from Peixaria Veloso and around 50kg every month from Talho Naco and Intercoelho. These businesses are thrilled (激动) as Daria can take the waste off their hands. Sancho Pancho’s influence doesn’t just stop at their food waste collection. Customers have also been inspired to do their bit by collecting leftovers from local markets to make food for their pets. Everyone can play a role in creating a future that tends to reuse and repurpose precious resources, rather than wasting them. Sancho Pancho has caught the attention of French supermarket chain Auchan. They have asked Sancho Pancho if their food waste can be processed to be dog treats for their stores. 8. What does Daria’s business do? A. It makes food waste. B. It collects dog waste. C. It produces dog food. D. It does dog operations. 9. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. The problem with a restaurant. B. The sales for self-made products. C. The solution to waste treatment. D. The beginning of a new business. 10. What is Sancho Pancho’s influence? A. Daria has developed a hobby. B. More resources have been saved. C. Consumers buy more pet food. D. The shop has stopped food waste. 11. What can we learn about Sancho Pancho from the last paragraph? A. Its business will greatly grow. B. It will move to another country. C. Its owner will be changed soon. D. It will open its own chain stores. D With some 50 million copies in print, Johanna Spyri’s Heidi is probably the biggest Swiss bestseller of all time. So if s not a surprise there have been many film adaptations. The latest one, directed by Alain Gsponer, is a live-action, German-language feature that’s simply titled Heidi as well. Heidi’s impressive box-office numbers prove that the world was ready for yet another version of this old-fashioned tale. The feature made over $15.5 million in Germany and Switzerland alone. Even more impressive are the numbers in Italy and France (not generally areas where German-language children’s films stand any chance). Gsponer’s film follows the basic structure of the 1881 novel. 5-year-old Heidi is shipped off by her aunt, Dete, to her don’t-waste-any-words grandfather, who lives alone in a small wooden house high up in the Swiss Alps. He is not pleased to see his routine in the peaceful mountain air messed up by a curious little girl who needs looking after. The film doesn’t lay stress on the point, but even for those who haven’t read the book, it shouldn’t come as a surprise that the lovely little girl will soon manage to melt Granddad’s icy heart. At age 8, Heidi is taken away to Frankfurt, where her aunt has found her a rich family as a companion (伙伴) to a wheelchair-bound child, Klara. As in the novel, the film plays Heidi’s initial fish-out-of-the-water situation for comedy, since, as a country girl, she has no idea about things as basic as clean clothes or table manners. Actually, in the midsection, the girls’ strict governess (女家庭教师) gets some of the biggest laughs. This is also a plot necessity. Heidi will need to start to feel homesick. She misses not only Grandpa but also her cute goat herder friend, Peter. She does get to see them again. Throughout the movie, Gsponer keeps contrasting (对比) different elements, including the seasons, the city and the country and even characters, such as the dark-haired and earthy Heidi and the fair-skinned and fair-haired city girl Klara. These natural contrasts help give a sense of agreement to a plot. 12. What does the author want to show by mentioning the box-office numbers? A. Gsponer’s Heidi is a big success. B. A lot of people understand German. C. It is a great idea to adapt a novel. D. Heidi’s story is too old to be popular. 13. Why is Heidi’s grandpa unhappy about her arrival? A. Heidi needs a house. B. He is not wealthy. C. Heidi behaves badly. D. He prefers to live alone. 14. Which best describes Heidi’s initial life in the rich family according to paragraph 4? A. She fits in well. B. She feels out of place. C. She feels lonely. D. She laughs at governess. 15. What is the text? A. A short story. B. An introduction to a book. C. A film review. D. A script of a documentary. 二、应用文写作 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Simon给你发邮件说，进入高中后不适应高中学习生活，与同学相处也有一定困难。请你给他写一封回信。 写作内容： 1. 给予安慰; 2. 提出建议。 写作要求： 1. 词数80左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Simon, I’m sorry to know from your last email that you have trouble adapting yourself to senior high school life and getting along with your classmates. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua ( 3 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $