内容正文:
2025-2026 学年外研版英语(2024)七年级上册
Unit1 语法讲练Be 动词与代词的用法
一、核心知识精讲
(一)Be 动词的用法:
1. 基本形式匹配表
主语类型
对应 Be 动词
否定形式
缩写形式
第一人称单数(I)
am
am not
I’m
第三人称单数(he/she/it/ 单数名词)
is
is not
he’s/she’s/it’s
第二人称单 / 复数(you)、第一人称复数(we)、第三人称复数(they / 复数名词)
are
are not
you’re/we’re/they’re
2. 句式转换规则
一般疑问句:将 Be 动词提前至句首,句末加问号。
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + Be 动词. (注意:肯定回答中 Be 动词不与主语缩写)
否定回答:No, 主语 + Be 动词 + not.
例:Are you from America? (你来自美国吗?)
No, I’m not. I’m from England. (不,我不是。我来自英国。)
否定句:在 Be 动词后直接加 “not”,
is not 可缩写为 “isn’t”,
are not 可缩写为 “aren’t”,
am not 一般不缩写。
例:Tony isn’t Chinese. (托尼不是中国人。)We aren’t in Class 3. (我们不在三班。)
(二)代词辨析:
1. 人称代词:主格与宾格的分工
人称代词有 “主格” 和 “宾格” 两种形式,主格作句子的主语,宾格作动词或介词的宾语。
人称
主格(作主语)
宾格(作宾语)
例句(结合单元对话)
第一人称单数
I
me
She helps me. (她帮助我。)
第二人称单 / 复数
you
you
Nice to meet you. (很高兴见到你 / 你们。)
第三人称单数
he/she/it
him/her/it
This is Betty. I like her. (这是贝蒂,我喜欢她。)
复数人称
we/they
us/them
Ms Li teaches us English. (李老师教我们英语。)
2. 物主代词:“谁的” 专属表达
物主代词分为形容词性和名词性,核心区别在于是否能单独使用。
人称
形容词性物主代词(后接名词,作定语)
名词性物主代词(单独使用,代指 “某人的某物”)
例句(结合单元主题)
第一人称单数
my
mine
This is my pen. = The pen is mine. (这是我的钢笔。)
第二人称单 / 复数
your
yours
Is this your book? = Is this book yours? (这是你的书吗?)
第三人称单数
his/her/its
his/hers/its
That is her bag. = That bag is hers. (那是她的包。)
复数人称
our/their
ours/theirs
These are our desks. = These desks are ours. (这些是我们的书桌。)
二、常见易错点突破
Be 动词与主语搭配错误错误:He am a boy.
正确:He is a boy. (第三人称单数用 is)错误:We is students.
正确:We are students. (复数主语用 are)口诀:I 用 am,you 用 are,is 连着 he/she/it,复数全部都用 are。
代词格数混淆错误:Me am from Shanghai.
正确:I am from Shanghai. (主格作主语)错误:She likes I.
正确:She likes me. (宾格作动词宾语)关键:主语位置用主格,动词 / 介词后用宾格。
物主代词功能混淆错误:This is mine book.
正确:This is my book. (形容词性物主代词后接名词)错误:The bag is her.
正确:The bag is hers. (名词性物主代词单独使用)技巧:名词性物主代词 = 形容词性物主代词 + 名词
一般疑问句回答缩写错误错误:—Are you Lingling?
Yes, I’m.
正确:Yes, I am. (肯定回答中 be 动词不缩写)
三、即时小练:基础巩固
用 be 动词的适当形式填空
① My name ______ Li Fang. I ______ a teacher.
② Tony and Betty ______ from England. They ______ our friends.
③ —______ you thirteen years old?—No, I ______ not. I ______ twelve.
选择合适的代词填空
① This is Daming. ______ is from Beijing. I often play with ______. (he/him)
② —Is this ______ pen, Lingling?—No, it isn’t ______. It’s Betty’s. (your/yours)
③ Ms Li teaches ______ English. We all like ______. (we/her)
四、单元语境精练:
(一)语篇填空:介绍新同学
根据上下文,用 be 动词或代词的适当形式补全短文,每空 1 分。Hello, everyone! This 1. ______ our new classmate. 2. ______ name is Wang Li. 3. ______ is from Shanghai. 4. ______ English name is Lucy. Look! Those are 5. ______ books. The red one is 6. ______. 7. ______ are in Class 4, Grade 7. Our teacher 8. ______ Ms Li. 9. ______ is very kind. We all like 10. ______.
(二)句型转换:按要求改写句子
Tony is from Cambridge. (改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)—
______ Tony from Cambridge?—No, ______ ______.
My classmates are in Class 4. (改为否定句)
My classmates ______ ______ in Class 4.
This is my English book. (改为同义句)
This English book ______ ______.
I’m twelve years old. (对划线部分提问)
______ ______ ______ you?
五、综合闯关训练
(一)单项选择
1.—Hello! My name ______ Wu Jun.—Hello! I ______ Alan.
A. is; am B. am; is C. is; is D. am; am
2.—Where are ______ from?—______ am from China.
A. he; He B. you; I C. they; They D. she; She
3.Tony and Daming ______ good friends.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
4.—Is this ______ ruler?—No, it isn’t. ______ is blue.
A. your; My B. yours; Mine C. your; Mine D. yours; My
5.—Are you from America?—______. I’m from England.
A. Yes, I am B. No, I’m not C. Yes, I’m not D. No, I am
6.This is Betty. ______ is English. I like ______.
A. She; her B. Her; she C. She; she D. Her; her
7.—How old ______ Lingling?—______ is thirteen.
A. is; He B. are; She C. is; She D. are; He
8.We ______ in Grade Seven. Our classroom ______ big.
A. are; is B. is; are C. are; are D. is; is
9.—Nice to meet you, Jim.—______.
A. Thank you B. I’m fine C. Nice to meet you, too D. Goodbye
10.—Whose bags are these?—They are ______.
A. them B. theirs C. their D. they
(二)改错题:下列句子各有一处错误,请找出并改正
1. Him is my brother. His name is Tom.______
2. ______
3. I’m from Chin
4. A. I’m a Chinese.______
5. ______ (提示:Chinese 作 “中国人” 时单复数同形)
6. They are not in same class.______
7. ______
8. This is yours pen. My is on the desk.______
9. ;
10. ______
11. Ms Li are our English teacher. We like her.______
12. ______
(三)情景对话:用 be 动词或代词补全对话
A: Hello! What’s 1. ______ name?B: My name is Lucy. And what’s 2. ______ name?A: 3. ______ am Jack. Nice to meet 4. ______, Lucy.B: Nice to meet 5. ______ too, Jack. 6. ______ are you from?A: I’m from London. 7. ______ you from London too?B: No, I 8. ______ not. I’m from New York.A: Is that boy your friend?B: Yes, he 9. ______. 10. ______ name is Tom.
六、单元语法小结
语法类型
核心规则
单元必背例句
Be 动词
随主语变化(I
am, 单三
is, 复数 /you
are),可表身份、来源、年龄
I’m thirteen years old. I’m from Beijing.
人称代词
主格作主语,宾格作动词 / 介词宾语(I
me, he
him, she
her)
She is my friend. I like her.
物主代词
形容词性后接名词(my book),名词性单独使用(=my book)
This is your pen. That one is mine.
答案与解析
三、即时小练
① is; am ② are; are ③ Are; am; am
① He; him ② your; yours ③ us; her
四、单元语境精练
(一)1. is 2. Her 3. She 4. Her 5. her 6. hers 7. We 8. is 9. She 10. her(二)1. Is; he isn’t 2. are not 3. is mine 4. How old are
五、综合闯关训练
(一)1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.B(二)1. Him
He 2. 去掉 a 3. same 前加 the 4. yours
your; My
Mine 5. are
is(三)1. your 2. your 3. I 4. you 5. you 6. Where 7. Are 8. am 9. is 10. His
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