Unit5词汇精讲+练习 2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级上册

该初中英语八年级上册Unit5复习讲义通过“词汇模块+语法专题”系统构建知识体系，词汇部分以表格对比（如noise/voice/sound辨析）、词性转换思维导图梳理用法，语法部分用分类表格归纳动词不定式作目的/原因/结果状语的结构和例句，清晰呈现词汇搭配、语法重难点的内在逻辑。 讲义亮点在于“情境化分层练习”设计，如词汇即学即用区分opposite具体位置与抽象意义用法，语法练习包含选词填空、短文填空等题型，培养语言运用和逻辑思维素养。基础题助薄弱学生掌握词性转换，综合题引导优秀学生深化语法应用，教师可据此实施分层教学，支持学生自主复习与能力提升。

八年级英语上册Unit5词汇讲解+语法 1.【用法讲解】opposite prep._________________ adj._________________ n._________________ 【常见搭配】 __________________________ 相反；在对面 __________________________ 相反方向 【词性转换】__________________ adv.反向地；面对面 __________________ n. （强烈的） 反对，反抗 【即学即用】区分opposite sp.和opposite to sb. 1、 The bank is opposite the post office. ____________________________________________________ 2、 Your answer is opposite to his. ____________________________________________________ 【答案】 prep.在...的对面；adj.相反的，截然不同的；n.对立的人/物，对立面（可数），反义词 【常见搭配】 be opposite to；（be opposite to the bridge 在桥的对面）；opposite direction 【词性转换】oppositely ；opposition（S） 【即学即用】 当描述“某人在另一人的对面”这个具体位置时，优先使用 opposite sb. 表示抽象意义上的“相反、对立”时，必须使用 opposite to sth./sb. 2.【用法讲解】 pack n._________________ v._________________ 【常见搭配】 __________________________ 一包 __________________________ 整理 【即学即用】 1、 There are a pack of ___________(journalist) waiting outside. 2、 I began to ___________(pack/pack up) a few things for the trip. 3、 【答案】 n.小包，小盒，小袋（可数）；v.打包，收拾（行李） 【常见搭配】 a pack of；pack up (pack 强调“装”这个动作本身，而 pack up 强调“打包收拾”这个完整过程，常带有“结束并整理”的含义。) 【即学即用】 1、There are a pack of journalists waiting outside. 2、I began to pack a few things for the trip. 3.【用法详解】 picnic n._________________ 【常见搭配】 __________________________ 去野餐 【即学即用】 1、 Many families are having___________(picnic). 【答案】 n.野餐(可数 picnics) 【常见搭配】 go on a picnic go on a + 名词：用于一些本身是名词的短期旅行或活动。例如：go on a picnic（野餐）, go on a trip（旅行） go + V-ing：用于大部分休闲娱乐和体育活动。这些活动本身就是动词，如：swim, shop, fish, hike, ski, dance 【即学即用】1. Many families are having picnics.许多家庭在这里野餐。 4.【用法详解】 smelly adj._________________ 【词性转换】__________________ v.闻起来；n.气味 【感官系动词】_____________；_____________；_____________；_____________；_____________ 【即学即用】 1、 Where's that ___________(smelly) coming from? 2、 He had extremely ___________(smelly) feet. 【答案】 adj.有臭味的（比较级/最高级：smellier/smelliest） 【词性转换】smell + adj. 感官系动词（look，smell，taste，sound，feel）+adj；感官系动词+like + n. 【即学即用】 1、 The book costs five pounds.Where's that smell coming from? 2、 He had extremely smelly feet. 5.【用法讲解】noise n._________________ 【常见搭配】 __________________________ 制造噪音 【词性转换】________________adj．吵闹的 ________________adj．寂静的；无声的 【noise/voice/sound辨析】 词性词义 使用场景 noise voice sound 1　 I love listening to the _________ of the rain. It's so peaceful. 2　 Please stop making so much _________! I'm trying to study. 3　 She has a beautiful singing _________. Everyone loves to hear her. 【即学即用】 1、 There's a lot of ___________(noise). 2、 The baggage hall was crowded and___________(noise). 【答案】 n.噪音；嘈杂声 【常见搭配】 make noise 【词性转换】noisy；noiseless 【辨析】 词性词义 使用场景 noise n.噪音 特指噪音，发出者可以是一切事物 voice n.嗓音 特指人或动物用嗓子发出的嗓音，唱歌声音，发出者为人/动物 sound n.声音 泛指一切声音，发出者可以是一切事物 1　 I love listening to the _sound________ of the rain. It's so peaceful. 2　 Please stop making so much __noise_______! I'm trying to study. 3　 She has a beautiful singing __voice_______. Everyone loves to hear her. 【即学即用】 1、There's a lot of noise. 2、2、The baggage hall was crowded and noisy. 6.【用法讲解】reduce v. ________________ 【常见搭配】 __________________________ 降低污染 __________________________ 使处于；使变弱为 【词性转换】__________________ n.减小，降低 【即学即用】 1、 The number of students was_________(reduce) from 40 to 25. 2、 It sets targets for _________(reduce) of greenhouse-gas温室气体 emissions. 【答案】 v.减少；缩小；降低 【常见搭配】 reduce pollution；reduce to And we have a 35-hour work week that we can reduce to 28 hours.我们一周工作35个小时，现在可以减到28小时 【词性转换】 reduction（noise reduction噪声降低，噪声消减） 【即学即用】 1、The number of students was reduced from 40 to 25. 2、It sets targets for reduction of greenhouse-gas温室气体 emissions. 7. 【用法讲解】kick v.________________ 【常见搭配】 __________________________ 开始 ；发起 __________________________ 开始生效；产生影响 【答案】 v.踢 【常见搭配】kick off ； kick in 8.【用法讲解】fool n.________________________ 【常见搭配】 __________________________ 愚人节 __________________________ 愚弄某人 【词性转换】__________________ adj. 愚蠢的 【答案】 n. 蠢人；傻子；笨蛋 【常见搭配】 April Fool's Day；make a fool of sb 【词性转换】foolish 9.【用法讲解】responsibility n._________________ 【常见搭配】 __________________________ 对...负责 【词性转换】 ________________ v. 回复 ________________ n.. 回复 ________________ adj. 负责任的 ________________ 对...负责 【即学即用】 1、 The company took two days to __________(responsibility) to my email complaint. 2、 She sent a quick __________ (responsibility)to confirm that she had received the document. 3、 As a team leader, you are __________(responsibility) for ensuring the project is completed on time. 【答案】 n.责任 【常见搭配】take responsibility for sb./sth. 【词性转换】 respond； response； responsible；be responsible for sth. 【即学即用】 1、The company took two days to respond to my email complaint. 2、She sent a quick response to confirm that she had received the document. 3、As a team leader, you are responsible for ensuring the project is completed on time. 10.【用法讲解】cause n. ________________________ ； v. ________________________ 【常见搭配】 ______________________ 因果关系 ______________________ 由...导致 【即学即用】 1、 He had no ___________(cause) to complain 2、 Storms___________(cause) structural damage to hundreds of homes so far. 【答案】 n. 原因，起因；v.引起，造成 【常见搭配】causes and effects ； be caused by 【即学即用】 1、He had no cause to complain 2、Storms have caused structural damage to hundreds of homes so far. 11.【用法讲解】mess n.__________________________ v..__________________________ 【常见搭配】 ______________________ 制造混乱 ______________________ 搞糟，瞎搅和 【词性转换】 ________________ adj. 杂乱的；脏的 【答案】 n.脏乱，凌乱（messes）；v.弄脏，弄乱 【常见搭配】make a mess；mess up 【词性转换】messy 12.【用法讲解】honesty n.________________________ 【常见搭配】 _______________________________ 诚实为本 _______________________________ 诚实和可信 【词性转换】 ________________ adj. 诚实的 ________________ adj. 不诚实的 _________________________ = _________________________= _________________________ 老实说 【答案】 n.诚实，政治，坦诚 【常见搭配】 Honesty is the best policy诚实为上策（policy政策，方针，原则） honesty and trustworthiness 【词性转换】honest；dishonest；to be honest = to be frank = to tell the truth 13.【用法讲解】law n.________________________ v.________________________ 【常见搭配】 ______________________ 根据法律 ______________________ 守法/违法 【词性转换】 ________________ n. 律师 【答案】 n.法律，法规，准则；v.起诉；控告 【常见搭配】by law；obey/break the law 【词性转换】lawyer(s) 14.【用法讲解】urgent adj.________________________ 【词性转换】 ________________ v. 敦促 ________________ n. 紧急的事，迫切需要 【常见搭配】 ______________________ 敦促某人做某事 ______________________ 鼓励某人去做或实现某事 【即学即用】 1、The government must deal with this as a matter of ___________(urgency). 2、My lawyer has been___________(urgency) me to make a will. 3、His voice was low and ___________(urgency). 【答案】 adj. 紧急的；急迫的 【词性转换】urge；urgency（urgencies) 【固定搭配】urge sb to do sth.；urge sb on I urge you to reconsider your decision. （我恳请你重新考虑你的决定。）-> “重新考虑”是一个被劝说的具体行为。 The crowd shouted to urge the runners on during the final lap of the race. （人群呼喊着，在比赛的最后一圈为跑步选手们加油鼓劲。）-> 运动员已经在跑步，观众鼓励他们继续坚持/加速。 【即学即用】 1、 The government must deal with this as a matter of urgency. 2、 My lawyer has been urging me to make a will. 3、 His voice was low and urgent. 15.【用法讲解】basic adj. ________________________ 【常见搭配】 ______________________ 基本权利 ______________________ 根据；基于 【词性转换】 ________________ v.以...为基础；n.基础 ________________ adv.基本上；大体上 【即学即用】 1、 The story is ___________(base) on fact. 2、 People are ___________(basic) the same the world over. 3、 He doesn't have mastery of the___________(base) rules of grammar. 【答案】 adj. 基础的；基本的；根本的 【常见搭配】basic right；be based on 【词性转换】base；basically 【即学即用】 1、The story is based on fact. 2、People are basically the same the world over. 3、He doesn't have mastery of the basic rules of grammar. 15.【用法讲解】personal adj. ________________________ 【词性转换】 ________________ n.人 ________________ n.性格 ________________ adv.亲自地；就个人而言 【常见搭配】 ______________________ 个人信息 ______________________ 亲自 ____________________________________ 就个人来说，就自己而言 【即学即用】 1、 I ___________(personal) think it's a bad idea. 2、 His wife has a strong ___________(personal). 3、 A short discussion can clear up the clouds between two ___________(personal). 【答案】 adj.个人的，私人的 【词性转换】person(s)；personality（personalities） 【常见搭配】personal information；in person；personally speaking 【即学即用】 1、I personally think it's a bad idea. 2、His wife has a strong personality. 3、A short discussion can clear up the clouds between two persons. 16.【用法讲解】private adj. ________________________ 【常见搭配】______________________ 私立学校 ______________________ 私下地，秘密地 【词性转换】 ________________ n.隐私 【答案】 adj. 个人的，秘密的 （反义词public） 【常见搭配】private school； in private 【词性转换】privacy 17.【用法讲解】avoid v. ________________________ 【常见搭配】 ______________________ 避免做某事 【词性转换】 ________________ n.避免，避开 【答案】 v. 避免 【常见搭配】avoid doing sth. 【词性转换】avoidance 18.【用法讲解】limit v./n. ________________________ 【常见搭配】 ______________________ 上限/下限 ______________________ 时间限制 【词性转换】 ________________ adj.有限的 ________________ adj.无限的 ________________ n. 限制 【即学即用】 1、 They wish to __________________(limit) the power of the State. 2、 Unfortunately, my time is __________________(limit). 3、 Each man has his __________________(limit). 【答案】 v. 限制；限定 【常见搭配】 upper limit/lower limit ； time limit 【词性转换】limited；limitless；limitation 【即学即用】 1、They wish to limit the power of the State. 2、Unfortunately, my time is limited. 3、Each man has his limitation. 19.【用法讲解】careless adj. ________________________ 【词性转换】 ________________ v./n.关心 ________________ adj. 小心的；仔细的 【常见搭配】 _______________________________ = _______________________________ 照顾，照料（小孩/老人） ，喜欢 _______________________________ 照顾，照料；处理（某事） _______________________________ 关心，在乎 _______________________________ 保重！小心！ 【即学即用】 1. Smoking has a bad ______________(affect) on our health. 2. Humour is a ______________(effect) defence(防御) than violence(暴力). 【答案】 adj.不小心的；粗心的 【词性转换】care； careful 【常见搭配】 care for = look after； 1. She is a nurse who cares for the elderly. (她是一位照顾老人的护士。) 2. I don't care for coffee. (我不喜欢咖啡。) take care of 1. Please take care of my cat. (请照顾我的猫。) 2. I'll take care of the paperwork. (我来处理文件工作。)； care about； take care 【即学即用】 Smoking has a bad effect on our health. Humour is a more effective defence than violence. 20.【用法讲解】aware adj. ________________________ 【词性转换】 ________________ adj. 没意识的 ________________ n. 意识 【常见搭配】 _______________________________ 意识到 _______________________________ 提升...的意识 【答案】 adj. 注意到的，察觉到的 【词性转换】unaware；awareness 【常见搭配】be aware of sth.; raise one's awareness of sth. 21.【用法讲解】trust v./n. ________________________ 【词性转换】 ________________ adj. 可信的 【常见搭配】 ________________________ 信任某人 _____________________ 基于信任 【即学即用】 1、 You are lucky to have so many______________(trust) friends in your life. 2、 She______________(trust) people. That was her nature. 【答案】 信任 【词性转换】trusted 【常见搭配】trust in sb. ； based on trust 【即学即用】 1、You are lucky to have so many trusted friends in your life. 2、She trusted people. That was her nature. 22. 【用法讲解】enemy n. ________________________ 【常见搭配】 _______________________ 树敌 【答案】 n. 敌人（enemies) 【常见搭配】make enemies 23. 【用法讲解】behave v. ________________________ 【常见搭配】 _______________________ 使举止规矩 _______________________ 表现好；举止得体/表现糟糕 【词性转换】 ________________ n. 行为 【答案】 v。表现 【常见搭配】behave onesself； behave well/badly 【词性转换】behavior(s) 24. 【用法讲解】netizen n. ________________________ 【相近词】 _______________________ n.市民；公民 _______________________ n.公民身份 【常见搭配】 ________________ 老年人 【答案】 n.网民（netizens） 【相近词】citizen；citizenship 【常见搭配】senior citizen 【综合练习】 一、根据句意及汉语提示填写适当的单词&词组 1. When crossing the street, we should pay attention to traffic __________ (标识) to stay safe. 2. Before giving a speech, it's a good idea to __________ (清清嗓子) to make your voice clear. 3. The bank is __________ (在……的对面) the park, and we should cross the road according to the traffic rules. 4. We should take __________ (责任) for our actions, especially when we break the rules. 5. In the library, please keep quiet and don't make any __________ (噪声) that disturbs others. 6. If you want to sit down, first check if the __________ (座位) is already taken. 7. The __________ (乘客) on the train helped an elderly person carry their luggage, setting a good example. 8. To keep the classroom tidy, we should __________ (捡起) any trash we see on the floor. 9. Eating __________ (有臭味的) food in the cinema is not allowed, as it affects others' experience. 10. During the exam, students must follow the __________ (规则) strictly, such as not cheating. 11. My mother asked me to buy a __________ (小包裹) of salt when I went to the grocery store. 12. Having a __________ (野餐) in the park is a fun activity, but we need to clean up afterwards. 13. The teacher reminded us to __________ (尊重) the school rules and get along well with classmates 14. A __________ (傻子) would ignore the traffic lights and cross the road randomly. 15. Wearing a __________ (安全带) in the car is a basic rule to protect ourselves. 16. The __________ (起因) of the argument was a misunderstanding about the game rules. 17. She used a __________ (腰带) to decorate her dress and make it look more stylish. 18. We can __________ (减少) waste by reusing and recycling, which is also following environmental rules. 19. The __________ (花盆) broken by the wind was cleaned up by the kind neighbor. 20. Telling the truth and showing __________ (诚实) is an important rule in personal relationships. 21. It’s important to be ______ (意识到的) of the library rules before entering, like keeping quiet. 22. Some online scammers try to ______ (欺骗) people by breaking the trust rules of the Internet. 23. We should ______ (信任) our classmates who always follow the class rules and work together. 24. If you ______ (表现) well and follow the rules, you’ll set a good example for others. 25. ______ (网络欺凌) is against the rules of a healthy online environment and must be stopped. 答案： 1． signs (解析：traffic signs 是固定搭配，意为“交通标识”。) 2． clear your throat (解析：clear one's throat 是固定短语，意为“清嗓子”。) 3． opposite (解析：be opposite... 意为“在……的对面”，是描述位置的常用表达。) 4． responsibility (解析：take responsibility for... 是固定搭配，意为“对……承担责任”。) 5． noise (解析：make noise 是固定搭配，意为“制造噪音”。) 6． seat (解析：seat 意为“座位”，是可数名词。) 7． passengers (解析：passenger 意为“乘客”，根据句意，此处应用复数形式。) 8． pick up (解析：pick up 是动词短语，意为“捡起”。) pick vs. pick up pick：它的核心意思是“挑选；选择”或“采摘”（花朵、水果等）。 例句：Please pick a card. (请挑一张牌。) 例句：We will pick apples on the farm. (我们将去农场摘苹果。) pick up：这是一个非常重要的短语动词，它的核心意思是“捡起；拾起”。它特指从较低的位置（如地上）把某物拿起来。 9． smelly (解析：smelly 是形容词，意为“有臭味的”。) 10． rules (解析：rule 意为“规则”，follow the rules 意为“遵守规则”，根据句意应用复数。) 11． packet (解析：a packet of 是固定搭配，意为“一小包”，如 a packet of salt (一包盐)。) 12． picnic (解析：have a picnic 是固定搭配，意为“野餐”。 13． respect (解析：respect 作动词，意为“尊重”。remind sb. to do sth. 结构后接动词原形。) 14． fool (解析：fool 作名词，意为“傻子”。) 15． seatbelt (解析：seatbelt 意为“安全带”，wear a seatbelt 是固定搭配。) 16． cause (解析：cause 作名词，意为“起因，原因”。) 17． belt (解析：belt 意为“腰带”。) 18． reduce (解析：reduce 是动词，意为“减少”。) 19． flowerpot (解析：flowerpot 是名词，意为“花盆”。) 20． honesty (解析：honesty 是名词，意为“诚实”。) 21． aware (解析：aware 是形容词，意为“意识到的”，be aware of 是固定搭配。) 22． cheat (解析：cheat 作动词，意为“欺骗”，try to do sth. 后接动词原形。) 23． trust (解析：trust 作动词，意为“信任”。) 24． behave (解析：behave 作动词，意为“表现”，behave well 意为“表现良好”。) 25． Cyberbullying (解析：Cyberbullying 是名词，意为“网络欺凌”，作为现象或行为，常以单数或不可数形式出现，在句首需大写。) 2、 从方框中选择适当的单词/短语并用适当形式填空 address, private, passport, click, limit, careless, trust, behave, cyberbullying, avoid, aware, cheat, urgent, citizen, basic 1. Every ______ has the right to know and the duty to follow public rules. 2. It’s necessary to keep your ______ information secret when using social media. 3. To ______ getting lost in the new city, you’d better take a map or use a navigation app. 4. Write down your ______ and phone number on the form as required. 5. When you go on an overseas trip, don’t forget to take your valid ______. 6. Parents should ______ the time their kids spend on mobile games to ensure study time. 7. Being ______ with fire in the forest is extremely dangerous and against the law. 8. Students must be ______ of the school’s dress-code rules. 9. Some online sellers try to ______ customers by selling fake products. 10. We can ______ the delivery company as long as it follows the service rules. 11. If you ______ politely in the restaurant, you show respect for dining rules. 12. ______ is a serious problem that harms the online environment and breaks rules. 13. In an ______ situation like a sudden earthquake, follow the evacuation rules quickly. 14. A single ______ on the “Confirm” button will complete the online payment process. 15. The ______ rules of the club help new members adapt to the activity norms quickly. 答案： 1． citizen (解析：句意“每个______都有权知道并有责任遵守公共规则。”，此处需要表示“公民”的名词。) 2． private (解析：句意“在使用社交媒体时，有必要对你的______信息保密。”，此处需要形容词修饰information，private information 意为“私人信息”。) 3． avoid (解析：句意“______在新城市里迷路，你最好带张地图或使用导航应用。”，To 后接动词原形表示目的，avoid doing sth. 意为“避免做某事”。) 4． address (解析：句意“按要求在表格上写下你的______和电话号码。”，与“phone number”并列，此处需要名词“地址”。) 5． passport (解析：句意“当你出国旅行时，别忘了带上你有效的______。”，出国旅行需要“护照”。) 6． limit (解析：句意“父母应该______孩子花在手机游戏上的时间，以确保学习时间。”，should 后接动词原形，limit 意为“限制”。) 7． careless (解析：句意“在森林里对火______是极其危险且违法的。”，Being 后接形容词作表语，careless 意为“粗心的”。) 8． aware (解析：句意“学生必须______学校的着装规定。”，be aware of 是固定搭配，意为“意识到，知道”。) 9． cheat (解析：句意“一些网上卖家试图通过销售假货来______顾客。”，try to do sth. 后接动词原形，cheat 意为“欺骗”。) 10． trust (解析：句意“只要快递公司遵守服务规则，我们就可以______它。”，can 后接动词原形，trust 意为“信任”。) 11． behave (解析：句意“如果你在餐厅______礼貌，就表示你尊重用餐规则。”，If 引导的条件状语从句中，主语you 后接动词原形，behave 意为“表现，行为”。) 12． Cyberbullying (解析：句意“______是一个破坏网络环境、违反规则的严重问题。”，此处需要主语，指代“网络欺凌”这种现象。) 13． urgent (解析：句意“在诸如突然地震这样的______情况下，要迅速遵守疏散规则。”，此处需要形容词修饰situation，urgent situation 意为“紧急情况”。) 14． click (解析：句意“在‘确认’按钮上的一次______将完成在线支付过程。”，a single 后接单数名词，click 意为“点击”。) 15． basic (解析：句意“俱乐部的______规则帮助新成员快速适应活动规范。”，此处需要形容词修饰rules，basic rules 意为“基本规则”。) 【单元语法：动词不定式作目的状语】 （一）非谓语动词-不定式——动词不定式作状语 状语类型 含义和位置 例句 目的状语 表示动作发生的目的/意图，在句首或者句尾 【结构】 1. to do sth. 2. in order to do sth. (语气更强，可置于句首) 3. so as to do sth. (语气更强，不用于句首) 1. To improve his English, he practices every day. （为了提高英语，他每天都练习。） 2. He works hard in order to support his family. （他努力工作是为了养家。） 3. She got up early so as not to be late. （她早起是为了不迟到。） 原因状语 说明产生某种情感/心理状态的原因，在句尾（跟在形容词后） 【结构】 表示情感的形容词 + to do sth. 1. I'm sorry to hear that bad news. （听到那个坏消息我很难过。） 2. We were surprised to see him there. （我们很惊讶在那里看到他。） 结果状语 表示主句动作所带来的出乎意料或自然而然的结果，在句尾 【结构】 1. only to do sth. (常表示出乎意料的结果) 2. 与learn, find, see, hear等动词连用。 1. He rushed to the station only to find the train had left. （他冲到车站，结果却发现火车已经开了。） 2. I woke up to find everyone had left. （我醒来，发现大家都走了。） 目的状语 回答的是“为什么”做某事。 原因状语 通常紧跟在表达情感的形容词之后。 结果状语 描述的是动作发生后所导致的情况，常带有“发现”、“得知”的意味。 （二）练一练 用括号中所给词语的适当形式填空 1. She got up early ______ (catch) the first bus. 2. Just now I saw Lily ______ (go) into the classroom. 3. Mr Wu told us ______ (not touch) anything in the museum. 4. ______ (improve) his Chinese, Tony asks his friends ______ (help) him. 5. The teacher encouraged Sam ______ (write) an English story the next day. 6. We’d better follow the seven-step hand-washing method (方法) ______ (keep) healthy. 答案： 1． to catch (解析：不定式作目的状语，表示“早起”的目的是“赶第一班公交车”。) 2． go (解析：在感官动词saw后作宾语补足语，用动词原形。) 3． not to touch (解析：tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉某人不要做某事。) 4． To improve; to help (解析：第一个空，不定式“To improve”置于句首作目的状语；第二个空，ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事。) 5． to write (解析：encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事。) 6． to keep (解析：不定式作目的状语，表示“遵循七步洗手法”的目的是“保持健康”。) 用方框中所给词语的适当形式完成句子 get some fresh air ，read the newspaper， see who it was， watch the news ，wake him up， open this door 1. Do I need a key ______? 2. I turned on the TV ______? 3. I went for a walk by the river ______. 4. Richard sat down on a sofa ______. 5. I knocked on the door of David’s room ______. 6. The doorbell rang, so I looked out of the window ______. 答案： 1． to open this door (解析：不定式表目的，需要钥匙的目的是“开门”。) 2． to watch the news (解析：不定式表目的，打开电视的目的是“看新闻”。) 3． to get some fresh air (解析：不定式表目的，去河边散步的目的是“呼吸新鲜空气”。) 4． to read the newspaper (解析：不定式表目的，坐在沙发上的目的是“看报纸”。) 5． to wake him up (解析：不定式表目的，敲门的目的是“叫醒他”。) 6． to see who it was (解析：不定式表目的，往窗外看的目的是“看看是谁”。) 连词成句 1. wanted, Sally, to, the Beijing Opera, see (.) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Mr Brown, meet, you, to, in the afternoon, hoped (.) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. people, animals, to, killed, their meat, eat (.) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. the, they, did, save, baby pandas, some research, to (.) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. the factory, allow, workers, didn’t, play games, to, in the day (.) 答案： 1． Sally wanted to see the Beijing Opera. (解析：主语+Sally，谓语+wanted to see，宾语+the Beijing Opera。) 2． Mr Brown hoped to meet you in the afternoon. (解析：主语+Mr Brown，谓语+hoped to meet，宾语+you，时间状语+in the afternoon。) 3． People killed animals to eat their meat. (解析：主语+People，谓语+killed，宾语+animals，目的状语+to eat their meat。) 4． Did they do some research to save the baby pandas? (解析：一般疑问句结构，主语+they，谓语+do some research，目的状语+to save the baby pandas。) 5． The factory didn’t allow workers to play games in the day. (解析：主语+The factory，谓语+didn’t allow，宾语+workers，宾语补足语+to play games，时间状语+in the day。) 将方框中所给单词的适当形式填入短文中, 每词仅用一次 offer ，solve ，help， go， do Nowadays, more and more people have noticed the importance of exercising, but it is hard to find a good place 1. ______ exercise. In order to 2. ______ this problem, some cities have taken action. They encourage schools 3. ______ their fitness facilities (健身设施) to the public. As for citizens, offering school facilities for exercising will surely bring convenience. People don’t need 4. ______ a long way to sports stadiums (体育场) or spend a lot of money in gyms. Instead, they can go to the nearest school and do some sports for free. But people may be careless with the facilities and cause some problems. Therefore, I think schools should make rules 5. ______ people exercise safely and happily. 答案 1. to do (解析：不定式作后置定语，修饰“a good place”，意为“一个做运动的好地方”。) 2. solve (解析：in order to do sth. 为了做某事。) 3. to offer (解析：encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事。) 4. to go (解析：need to do sth. 需要做某事。) 5. to help (解析：不定式作目的状语，表示“制定规则”的目的是“帮助人们...”。) 语法填空 Dear Dr Know, There are so many 1. ______ (rule) at my home. When my mother says, “Don’t be noisy!” I have to stop playing the game and keep quiet. Every time I eat 2. ______ ice cream, my father will say, “No, Frank!” I think they’re too strict 3. ______ me. Why can’t I make some rules for 4. ______ (they)? My first rule is “Don’t use phones too much!” My parents are always tired after a day’s work, so they only want to play with their phones 5. ______ (relax). But we need to talk with each other about our lives. It’s very important to a family, I think. The 6. ______ (two) rule is about life at the weekend. Today is Saturday. But now my father is watching TV and my mother is 7. ______ (do) the dishes in the kitchen. If we have this rule, we can go swimming, ride bikes 8. ______ just go for a walk in the park. It not only helps us keep 9. ______ (health), but also makes us have fun together. I hope that these rules can work in my family. If all of us follow them, we can live more 10. ______ (happy). Do you think so, Dr Know? Frank 答案： 1. rules (解析：so many后接可数名词复数。) 2. an (解析：ice cream以元音音素开头，且此处为泛指，故用不定冠词an。) 3. with (解析：be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格，固定搭配。) 4. them (解析：介词for后接人称代词宾格。) 5. to relax (解析：不定式作目的状语，玩手机的目的是“放松”。) 6. second (解析：此处需要序数词表示“第二条规则”。) 7. doing (解析：现在进行时“is doing”。) 8. or (解析：go swimming, ride bikes, go for a walk是三个并列的选择，用or连接。) 9. healthy (解析：keep是系动词，后接形容词healthy作表语。) 10. happily (解析：修饰动词live，需用副词happily。) 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $