Unit 2 Section Ⅱ Using language—Review：word formation-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（外研版）

该高中英语课件聚焦词类构成法（转化、合成、派生、缩略），以英文名言导入激发兴趣，通过动词转化名词、合成词、派生词（如enlarge）及缩略词（如USA）实例，构建从基础到综合的语法学习支架。 其特色在于“图解语法”直观呈现词类规律，结合“精讲语法”中enlarge、encourage等派生词实例，培养学生语言能力与学习能力。采用分层训练（冲关训练、课后分层练），学生能系统掌握语法规则，提升语言运用效率，教师可借助系统资源优化教学流程。

One language sets you in a corridor for life.Two languages open every door along the way. —Frank Smith 掌握一门语言，你置身于人生的走廊；掌握两门语言，走廊里的每一扇门为你打开。 ——弗兰克•史密斯 Exploring English 主题语境：人与自我——语言学习的规律、方法等 Unit 2 更多模板请关注：https://haosc.taobao.com 1 合成词 合成法 前缀 后缀 派生法 动词 名词 帖子 转化法 缩略法 v．觉察 n．照料 v．主办 v．改善 v．用船运输 v．悉心照料 v．开花 v．给(某人)提供住处 v．减缓 v．预订 n．感冒 n.售货员 adj．雪白的 adj．勤劳的 n.爆发 n.室友 n.操场 enlarge encourage disappear Unfortunately improvement amazing similarly immediately Carelessness imagination USA APEC VOA CPU UN MTV AIDS 冲关训练 ①⑤⑧⑩⑫ ⑦ ②③④⑥ ⑨⑪ be contacted in lost contact with contact me by email or phone to arrive It are likely to make more friends 课后分层练 5 across likely unfamiliar graduation known types organization addition lunched bottle diet snows cool Last weekend At the entrance to the hotel made up my mind to offer him some help when he was healthy left him disabled he had experi enced a lot although he was physically disabled to buy food and drinks bring happiness to you in people's hearts forever √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Section Ⅱ Using language— Review：word formation (2)名词转化为动词 ① back n．后背→v．支持 ② air n．空气→v．通风 ③ chair n．椅子→v．主持 ④ hand n．手→v．递，交 ⑤ land n．土地→v．着陆 ⑥ cook n．厨师→v．烹调 ⑦ order n．命令→v．命令，要求 ⑧ name n．名字→v．取名 ⑨ lift n．电梯→v．举起 ⑩ picture n．画→v．描绘 ⑪ press n．报刊→v．挤压 ⑫ nurse n．护士→v．照料 ⑬ smoke n．烟→v．吸烟 ⑭ stand n．看台→v．站 ⑮ book n．书→v．预订 Did you book a seat on the plane？ 你订好飞机座位了吗？ 2．三种合成方式 连成一个词 blackboard 黑板 rainbow彩虹 用连字符 well-known著名的 good-for-nothing无用之人 分开写 flower bed花坛 high and tight(一种只留头顶寸发的)军人发型 形容词＋名词＋-ed good-tempered脾气好的 形容词＋现在分词 good-looking好看的 副词＋现在分词 far-reaching深远的 名词＋现在分词 peace-loving热爱和平的 名词＋过去分词 heartfelt由衷的 副词＋过去分词 well-mannered举止得体的 形容词＋名词 high-class高级的 名词＋形容词 duty-free免税的 名词＋介词＋名词 face-to-face面对面的 (2)合成名词 名词＋名词 silkworm蚕 形容词＋名词 double dealer两面派 动名词＋名词 waiting room候车室 动词＋名词 pickpocket扒手 名词＋动名词 handwriting书法 动词＋连词＋动词 hide-and-seek捉迷藏游戏 副词＋动词 downfall垮台 动词＋副词 get-together联欢会 (3)合成动词 名词＋动词 sleepwalk梦游 副词＋动词 overthrow推翻 形容词＋动词 whitewash粉刷 (4)合成副词 形容词＋副词 everywhere到处 副词＋副词 however无论如何 介词＋副词 forever永远 介词＋名词 downstairs在楼下 ————即学即练2———— 写出下列合成词的词性及含义 ① salesman ______________ ② snow-white _________________ ③ hard-working _______________ ④ outbreak ______________ ⑤ roommate ______________ ⑥ playground ____________ 2．前缀 (1)表示否定或相反意义的前缀 dis- appear出现→disappear消失 il- legal合法的→illegal非法的 im- possible可能的→impossible不可能的 in- correct正确的→incorrect不正确的 ir- regular规则的→irregular不规则的 mis- lead带领→mislead误导 non- smoker吸烟的人→non-smoker不吸烟的人 un- usual寻常的→unusual不寻常的 (2)其他意义的前缀 inter-(间，相互) interview面试 mid-(中) mid-autumn中秋的 re-(重，再，复) rewrite重写 fore-(先，前，预) foresee预见 micro-(微) microscope显微镜 mini-(微型的) minibus微型汽车 super-(上，超) supermarket超级商场 tele-(远距离的) telephone电话 (3)改变词性的前缀 en- 加在形容词或名词前构成动词 large(形容词，大的)→enlarge(动词，扩大) de- 加在名词之前构成动词 value(名词，价值)→devalue(动词，降低……的价值) be- 加在名词或形容词前构成动词 friend(名词，朋友)→befriend(动词，与……交朋友) a- 加在名词或描述性动词之前，构成形容词或副词 sleep(动词，睡觉)→asleep(形容词，睡着的) out- 加在名词之前构成形容词，加在动词之前构成名词 door(名词，门)→outdoor(形容词，户外的) 3．后缀 (1)构成名词的后缀 -ese(表示某地人或语言) Chinese中国人；汉语 -er/-or/-ist/-ian(表人) foreigner外国人 visitor来访者 artist艺术家 historian历史学家 -ess(雌性) hostess女主人 -ment(性质；状态) agreement同意 -ness(性质；状态) illness生病 -ence(性质；状态) dependence独立 -ance(性质；状况) importance重要 -tion(动作；过程) invention发明 (2)构成形容词的后缀 -al(表示某物具有或与某特征 相关) nature自然→natural自然的 -able (表示具有某种能力或 性质) reason道理→reasonable讲理的；理智的 -(a)n/-ese(某国人的) America美国→American美国的 China中国→Chinese中国人的 -en (多用于表示材料的名词后) gold金子→golden金的 -ern (方向的) east东→eastern东方的 -ful (充满……的) color颜色→colorful多彩的 -ive (具有……特性；与……有关) attract吸引→attractive有吸引力的 -less (表示否定) use使用→useless无用的 -ish (表示某种程度或状态) child孩子→childish孩子气的 -like (像……的) child孩子→childlike孩子般的 -ly (有……品质的) friend朋友→friendly友好的 -ous (富有……的) humor幽默→humorous幽默的 -some (令……的) awe使敬畏→awesome令人赞叹的 -y(充满……的) snow雪→snowy被雪覆盖的 (3)构成副词的后缀 -ly (主要用于形容词之后表示方式或程度) angry生气的→angrily生气地 -ward(s) (主要用于表示方位的词之后表示方向) east东方→eastward向东 (4)构成动词的后缀 -en (使……成为) wide宽的→widen加宽 -fy (使……化) beauty美人；美好→beautify美化 -ize (使……成为) real真的→realize将……变为现实 ————即学即练3———— 单句语法填空 ①Reading will _________ (large) your vocabulary． ②When he is low，I often ___________ (courage) him． ③They get smaller and smaller，and eventually they completely ___________ (appear)． ④________________ (unfortunate)，Chaplin and his friend didn't find any gold but were caught in a snowstorm． ⑤There is still room for _____________ (improve) in your work． ⑥The _________ (amaze) thing is that it was kept secret for so long． ⑦The two girls are ___________ (similar) dressed and I can hardly tell them apart． ⑧When they heard of it，they _____________ (immediate) came to my help． ⑨_______________ (careless) will be a disaster not only to ourselves but also to patients． ⑩You should use your _____________ (imagine) to think what it might be like on the moon． (四)首尾缩略法 1．截去词的尾部 November→Nov．十一月 2．保留前缀及词根的首字母 television→TV电视 3．保留单词的首尾字母 doctor→Dr 医生；博士 4．由单词的首字母构成，并且按字母分别读音，虚词省略 Very Important Person→VIP要人；大人物 information technology→IT信息技术 5．用单词的首字母构成，并且按单词读音 Test of English as a Foreign Language→TOEFL 托福考试 ————即学即练4———— 写出下列词汇缩略词 ①the United States of America→________ 美国 ②Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation→__________亚太经济合作组织 ③Voice of America→________美国之音 ④Central Processing Unit→________中央处理器 ⑤the United Nations→______ 联合国 ⑥music television→________ 音乐电视 ⑦Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome→__________ 艾滋病 写出语段中黑体词的构词法 Last month，I had an ① unforgettable experience during my ② weekend trip．On Saturday morning，I got up early and made a ③ self-made breakfast．In the afternoon，I went to a nearby ④ bookstore to buy some ⑤ interesting books．After spending a few hours in the bookstore，I went to a ⑥ fast-food restaurant and ⑦ ordered a hamburger and a cola．I sat there and enjoyed my meal．In the evening，I returned home．I shared my day's experiences with my family．They were all ⑧ interested in what I had done．I watched some news on ⑨ TV，⑩ especially the report about the ⑪ UN meeting．Then I went to bed，looking forward to another ⑫ wonderful day． 1．使用派生法的是：_________________ 2．使用转化法的是：______ 3．使用合成法的是：____________ 4．使用缩略法的是：______ contact v．& n．联系，联络 【教材原句】　．．．a friend that you contact by writing，traditionally using a pen．．．……过去通过写信(通常用钢笔)来联系的一位朋友…… 【用法归纳】 (1)contact sb．(by email/phone) (通过电子邮件/电话)联系某人 (2)have/keep in/lose/make contact with 与……有/保持/失去/建立联系 out of contact with 与……失去联系 make eye contact with sb． 和某人眼神接触 【佳句必背】　His face turned pale the moment he made eye contact with the strict teacher，and he quickly lowered his head．(读后续写之表情/动作描写)当他与严厉的老师目光接触的那一刻，他的脸色变得煞白，迅速低下了头。,【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①In the following days，the owner of the cat still couldn't ______________ (contact)． ②As we live in different cities，we keep ____ contact through social media platforms to share our lives． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ③ 毕业后，我与大部分同学都失去了联系。 I have ___________________ most of my classmates after graduation． ④ (应用文之建议信)如果您需要任何进一步的指导，请随时通过电子邮件或电话与我联系。 If you need any further guidance，please do not hesitate to __________________ _________ at any time． likely adj．可能的，可能发生的(联想：unlikely adj．不可能的) 【用法归纳】 (1)be likely to do sth． 很可能做某事 (2)It is likely that．．． 很可能……(it作形式主语，that引导主语从句) (3)be unlikely to do sth． 不可能做某事 (4)It is unlikely that．．． 不可能……(it作形式主语，that引导主语从句) 【佳句必背】　If you eat too much junk food，you are likely to gain weight．(应用文之健康生活) 如果你吃太多垃圾食品，你的体重很可能会增加。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ① They are likely ___________ (arrive) on time since they set out early and the traffic is smooth． ② _____ is likely that he will be late for the meeting，so we'd better start without him． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ③ (应用文之人际关系)如果你有耐心并且乐于助人，你很可能会在新环境中交到更多朋友。 If you are patient and helpful，you _________________________________ in the new environment． Ⅰ.单词语法填空 Ⅱ.链接写作 Ⅲ.完成语段 Ⅲ.语法填空 Ⅰ.阅读理解 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Ⅰ．单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．While reading English articles，don't refer to a dictionary every time you come ________ new words． 2．Brian is a gifted writer； his new book is very ________ (like) to be a big hit． 3．She talked with confidence，even if there were a crowd of ____________ (familiar) faces． 4．We are best friends，and we have kept in contact with each other after ____________ (graduate)． Ⅱ．链接写作——用词汇转化法升级句子(每题2分，共10分) 1．We had lunch together after the meeting． →We _________ together after the meeting． 2．Let's fill the water into this bottle． →Let's ________ the water． 3．You are so fat that you have to go on a diet． →You are so fat that you have to ______． 4．Snow often falls in my hometown in winter． →It often _______ in my hometown in winter． 5．Open the windows to make the room cool． →Open the windows to ______ the room． Ⅲ．链接写作——完成语段(每题2分，共20分) 1 _______________ (上周末)，I was traveling home from business．It was too late，so I decided to go to a hotel near the bus stop．2 _________________ ___________ (在宾馆入口处)，I met a man who was disabled，and I 3 ________ ________________________________ (决定给他一些帮助)．He spoke to me and explained his past life 4 _____________________ (当他健康的时候)．He 解析：选B。细节理解题。第一段提到 “For example，the way someone says ‘water’ with a long ‘a’ sound might tell us they are from the southern part of the United States．”，通过这个例子，作者表明从人们对单词的发音方式(即口音)可以判断出他们来自哪个地区。故选B项。 2．What makes it hard for people to understand Yorkshire accent？ A．Its dependence on slangs． B．The influence of social changes． C．The strange pronunciation． D．Its connection with Old English． 4．What may be talked about in the following paragraph？ A．The development of British English． B．The changes of Received Pronunciation． C．The history of General American accent． D．The basic information of Australian accent． 解析：选D。推理判断题。文章第二段提到“Typically English accents fall into three main kinds．They include British English，North American English and Australian English．”，接下来分别介绍了英式英语中的几种口音和北美英语中的通用美式口音、加拿大口音，按照逻辑，接下来应该介绍澳大利亚英语的基本信息。故选D项。 B (2025·陕西省榆林市高一上期中)Imagine staying in the icy wilderness of Antarctica，cut off from the rest of the world，with only a small group of scientists．Such a group might be expected to develop a culture of its own，but would that develop a new shared accent (口音)？ As part of the project to explain the spoken accent development，a group of researchers led by Jonathan Harrington，professor of phonetics and speech processing at the Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich，started the study．The researchers studied a group of 11 scientists spending six months on an island just west of the Antarctic Peninsula． The recordings were then sent to researchers．When the recordings were studied，the researchers found that the pronunciation of words with an /əʊ/ sound-such as “flow” “code” and “sew”-had changed a little over the six months．The scientists began to pronounce it more toward the front of their mouths than toward the back．(British pronunciations are already typically fronter than American /əʊ/．) The researchers believe it shows the development of a new accent among the scientists．Harrington said，“When we speak to each other，we remember that speech，and then that has an influence on our own speech production．” While only small changes were recorded，the researchers believe the experiment helps to explain how different accents are created among enclosed (封闭的) communities-and may help us know why American and British English have developed as they have． 解析：选A。推理判断题。从第四段“When the recordings were studied，the researchers found that the pronunciation of words with an /əʊ/ sound-such as ‘flow’ ‘code’ and ‘sew’-had changed a little over the six months．” 可知，在研究中，带有 /əʊ/ 音的单词发音发生了变化。A项 “Show” 发音为 /ʃəʊ/，带有/əʊ/音。故选A。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五(每小题2．5分，共12．5分) If you are like most international students，you are probably pretty comfortable reading and writing in English．1( ) Below are some tips to help you to improve your conversational skills． Make friends with native students．Many international students end up making friends with only other international students instead of native speakers．2( ) In fact，hanging out with natives not only naturally pushes you to improve your spoken English，but also helps you pick up cultural and social information． Learn from native friends．Tell your native friends that you are trying to improve your listening and speaking skills，and would like them to help you．If you pronounce a word incorrectly，or misuse an idiom，you ask them to guide you．3( ) Increase your knowledge．4( ) If you have been exposed to topics that are likely to be discussed in conversation，you have a much better chance of understanding people when they talk，and of being able to express yourself well． 1．解析：选G。根据上文“you are probably pretty comfortable reading and writing in English”和下文“Below are some tips to help you to improve your conversational skills．”可知，你可能很擅长用英语阅读和写作，但在英语对话方面可能有困难。G项“然而，你可能在这门语言的听说方面有困难。”和上文形成转折关系，符合文意。 2．解析：选E。根据上文“Many international students end up making friends with only other international students instead of native speakers．”可知，许多国际学生只和其他国际学生交朋友，而不是和母语为英语的人交朋友。E项“它对提高你的英语口语有不好的影响。”承接上文，说明上文产生的影响。 3．解析：选C。根据上文“If you pronounce a word incorrectly，or misuse an idiom，you ask them to guide you．”可知，C项“用这种方法你很可能会取得很大的进步。”承接上文，说明这种方法的好处。 4．解析：选F。根据上文“Increase your knowledge．”可知，F项“跟上最新的新闻，看流行的节目和电影。”承接上文，介绍了增加知识的渠道。 5．解析：选A。本段为段落中心句。根据下文“Many people have asked me how I learned to speak English fluently，and I owe most of it to my years of being a math teacher in college for years．”可知，作者认为自己英语流利是要归功于多年来在大学里当数学老师的经历。A项“如果可能的话，在你的学校当老师。”符合本段主旨，可以统领整段。 Ⅲ．语法填空(每小题1．5分，共15分) Even native English speakers have trouble 1 (understand) the New Zealand accent (口音) sometimes！ English is one of the official languages of New Zealand．However，the way Kiwis (新西兰人) speak English sounds rather different to the way it 2 (speak) in the USA or the UK．The New Zealand accent is 3 (particular) special．Some people mistake it for the Australian accent but it's not quite the same．Here are some 4 (example)： Vowels (元音) can sound very different in New Zealand English compared 5 American English or British English．For example，the word “kit” in New Zealand English sounds more like “cut”． The “r” sound is often very soft when Kiwis speak and sometimes 6 is hard to hear it at all！ For example，the word “farm” sounds more like “faahm”．This can be confusing for people 7 have learned American English where the “r” sound is very clear． Kiwis often speak with a rising tone (音调) at the end of 8 (they) sentences，making it sound like they are asking a question．If you're talking to someone and you're not sure what they're saying，don't be afraid to ask them 9 (repeat) themselves slowly．Remember，Kiwis are very 10 (friend) and are happy to help． 1．解析：understanding。考查非谓语动词。句意：即使是以英语为母语的人有时也很难理解新西兰口音！have trouble (in) doing sth．意为“做某事有困难”，故本空应用动名词形式。 2．解析：is spoken。考查时态和语态。句意：然而，新西兰人说英语的方式和美国人或英国人说英语的方式相当不同。根据空前动词speak可知，本句阐释客观事实，且句子主语it指的是English，与动词speak之间为被动关系，故本空应用一般现在时的被动语态。 3．解析：particularly。考查副词。句意：新西兰口音尤其特别。本空修饰形容词special，故应用副词作状语。 4．解析：examples。考查名词复数。句意：下面是一些例子。根据空前some可知，本空应用名词复数形式。 5．解析：with。考查固定搭配。句意：与美国英语或英国英语相比，新西兰英语中的元音听起来非常不同。compared with意为“和……相比”，故本空应用介词with。 6．解析：it。考查it作形式主语。句意：新西兰人说话的时候，“r”这个音通常很轻，有时根本听不清！本空在句中作形式主语，不定式短语to hear it作真正的主语，故本空应用it。 7．解析：who/that。考查定语从句。句意：对于那些学过美式英语的人来说，这可能会让他们感到困惑，因为美式英语中的“r”音非常清晰。本空引导定语从句，先行词为people，本空在定语从句中作主语、指人，故应用关系代词who或that。 8．解析：their。考查代词。句意：新西兰人说话时经常在句末用升调，听起来像是在问问题。本空修饰空后名词sentences，故应用形容词性物主代词their。 9．解析：to repeat。考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你在和某人说话，而你不确定他们在说什么，不要害怕让他们慢慢地重复一遍。ask sb．to do sth．意为“让某人做某事”，故本空应用不定式作宾语补足语。 10．解析：friendly。考查形容词。句意：记住，新西兰人非常友好，很乐意帮忙。本空在句中作表语，故应用形容词friendly。 $