课后分层练18-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（外研版）

[课后分层练18] (时间：40分钟　满分：80．5分) 　 Ⅰ．单词拼写(每小题1分，共8分) 1．Lack of confidence can be a major barrier (障碍) to achieving your goals． 2．Artists often experiment with different materials (材料) to create unique artworks． 3．The school's grading system (系统) encourages students to work hard and improve their performance． 4．This restaurant is known for its special flavor (味道) of spicy chicken． 5．Companies need to understand the needs of consumers (消费者)to develop successful products． 6．The children were excited to open the box and see what was inside (在里面)． 7．Many people choose to spend their winter in Hainan Province mainly because of its warm climate (气候)． 8．Many young people rent (租用) apartments in the city center to be close to their workplaces． Ⅱ．单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．Eating a balanced diet is beneficial (benefit) to maintaining a healthy weight． 2．He was sailing (sail) towards the island，enjoying the warm sunshine and gentle breeze． 3．She has a beautiful (beauty) singing voice that can touch people's hearts． 4．When applying for this job，those with relevant work experience will have priority (prior)． 5．The chef expertly (expert) prepared a delicious meal that impressed all the guests． 6．It is expected that his new book will be published (publish) next week． 7．Having a pleasant (please) conversation with friends can brighten up your day． 8．With limited (limit) space in the room，we can't put any more furniture． 9．Traditional classrooms may be replaced (replace) by online learning platforms in the future． 10．The old man remains energetic (energy) by doing regular exercise every day． Ⅲ．完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．三年前出版的这本小说是现在最畅销的小说之一。(过去分词作定语) The novel published three years ago is one of the best-sellers now． 2．随着期末考试的临近，复习一下你的课堂笔记是个不错的主意。(with复合结构) With the final exam approaching，it's a good idea to review your class notes． 3．除了喜欢写小说，我还喜欢阅读和听音乐。(as well as) As well as writing stories，I love reading and listening to music． 4．没有什么比看到她的孩子安然无恙更幸福的了。(否定词＋比较级) There was nothing happier than seeing her children safe and sound． 5．当爱德华的父亲听到所发生的事情时，他表示非常赞同他的观点。(what引导宾语从句) When Edward's father heard what had happened，he expressed that he couldn't agree more with him． Ⅳ．课文语法填空(每小题1．5分，共15分) The book The Secret Garden，first 1published (publish) in 1911，inspires people to plant flowers．But at that time，only a few people had enough money 2to have (have) gardens．Very soon after this，many houses have been built 3with gardens and many British people are proud of their “green fingers”．In spring，children like to find the 4tallest (tall) sunflower．Some people spend much time 5growing (grow) their vegetables for competitions．However，the space on 6which to grow things is limited so people use their rooftops 7as private gardens．These gardens 8have improved (improve) the air quality and people's living 9conditions (condition) since then．Gardening is good for the environment as well as the soul．If you doubt this，reflect on this line： “10Where you tend a rose．．．A thistle cannot grow．” Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题2．5分，共10分) (2025·重庆育才中学高一上期中)A new study has found that including climate impact labels (标签) on a fast food menu influenced participants' food choices in favor of more climate-friendly items． Study lead author Julia Wolfson，associate professor in the Department of International Health at the Bloomberg School，and her co-authors wanted to test how labeling climate change impacts of fast food menu items might lead people to choose less red meat．Eating too much red meat has been linked to many health problems．Eating less red meat would also help lower greenhouse gas emissions (排放)． More than 5，000 participants were shown a sample menu and asked to choose a single item for dinner．One group of participants received a menu with non-red meat items such as chicken sandwiches labeled “low climate impact”．Another group received a menu with red meat items—burgers labeled “high climate impact”．A third control group received menus without climate labels． Both the high and low climate impact labels markedly reduced red meat choices compared to the control group．Menus with a high climate impact label on burgers increased non-beef choices by 23 percent compared to．the control group．Menus that included low climate impact labels increased non-beef choices，such as a chicken sandwich or a salad，by about 10 percent more participants than those in the control group．“These results suggest that menu labeling，particularly labels warning that an item has high climate impact，can be an effective strategy for encouraging more sustainable (可持续的) food choices in a fast food setting，” says Wolfson． While encouraging on the whole，the results suggest that positive “low climate impact” labels are less effective in encouraging sustainable food choices compared to “high climate impact” labels．At the same time，climate labels may have the unwanted side effect of making a choice seem healthier than it actually is． “An undeserved health halo (光环) given to unhealthy menu items could encourage people to overeat them，” Wolfson says．“So we have to look for labeling strategies that create ‘win-wins' for encouraging both more sustainable and healthy choices．” [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气候影响标签在快餐菜单上的使用对消费者食品选择的影响。 1．What's the aim of the new study？ A．To encourage sustainable food choices in fast food restaurants． B．To discover the impact of climate labels on fast food choices． C．To find out the connection between red meat and health problems． D．To decide the best method for labeling food products in general． 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段 “Study lead author Julia Wolfson．．．and her co-authors wanted to test how labeling climate change impacts of fast food menu items might lead people to choose less red meat．” 可知，研究的目的是测试在快餐菜单上标注气候变化影响如何引导人们减少红肉的选择，也就是探究气候标签对快餐选择的影响。故选B。 2．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？ A．The process of the study． B．The results of the study． C．The importance of the study． D．The influence of the study． 解析：选A。段落大意题。第三段主要描述了研究的过程，将 5 000 多名参与者分为三组，一组收到的菜单上非红肉食品标注 “低气候影响”，一组收到的菜单上红肉食品标注 “高气候影响”，还有一组收到无气候标签的菜单，所以该段主要讲的是研究过程。故选A。 3．What potential effect could climate labels cause？ A．They may cause confusion among consumers． B．They could make a food item seem healthier than it is． C．They might result in people consuming more red meat． D．They may lead to an increase in vegetarian choices． 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第五段“At the same time，climate labels may have the unwanted side effect of making a choice seem healthier than it actually is．” 可知，气候标签可能会产生潜在影响，使一种选择看起来比实际更健康。故选B。 4．What is Wolfson's attitude towards climate impact labels on food？ A．Supportive． B．Indifferent． C．Objective． D．Cautious． 解析：选C。推理判断题。Wolfson 既看到了气候影响标签在促进可持续饮食选择上的积极效果，又清醒地认识到其可能引发的负面问题，这种全面看待事物的方式体现了她客观的态度。故选C。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五(每小题2．5分，共12．5分) (2025·江苏无锡长泾中学高一上期中)If you've ever had an indoor plant that's quickly withered (枯萎)，you might believe that you don't have a green thumb or you're not cut out for growing plants．1( ) The truth is that anyone can be a good plant owner．Below，we'll walk you through something you need to know to care for your indoor plants． Keep potting soil moist (湿润)，but not wet．If your soil is either too dry or overwatered，it can damage the plant's roots．2( ) What you should do is follow guidelines on how often to water it by doing research on its specific type． Select an area in your house that gets sufficient sunlight．Plants require sunlight in order to undergo photosynthesis (光合作用)．3( ) Instead，give them plenty of indirect light by putting them in a well-lit room．Besides，don't move your plants around a lot as plants adapt themselves to their surroundings fairly slowly． 4( ) There are a variety of online materials you can find that will detail how you should care for the specific type of houseplant you own，including recommended humidity levels，sunlight exposure guidelines and watering guides．Most plants sold in mixed species baskets or pots need to be separated．They are grouped for appearance and not the requirements of the species． Choose a plant that's easy to care for．Certain tropical (热带的) plants require specific environments in order to survive，while other plants are easy to care for．For example，Chinese evergreen or painted drop tongue (Aglaonema) is commonly seen in public displays．5( ) This kind of plant drops its lower leaves over time but can easily be rooted in water． A．It is an easy low light plant． B．Pay attention to their surroundings． C．Sunshine is essential for their growth． D．We're here to tell you that's not the case！ E．Avoid putting the plants in direct sunlight． F．Learn your plants' classification at length． G．This will prevent the plant from growing． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何种植植物，成为好的植物养护者。 1．解析：选D。前文提到人们认为室内植物枯萎是自己不擅长种植，后文指出任何人都能成为好的植物养护者，说明前文观点是错误的，D 项 “我们在这儿告诉你情况并非如此！” 起到承上启下的作用，反驳前文观点并引出下文。 2．解析：选G。上句提到土壤过干或浇水过多会损害植物根系，G项 “这会阻止植物生长。” 中的 “This” 指代前文土壤问题对根系的损害，进一步说明这种损害带来的后果，与段首“保持盆栽土壤湿润，但不要弄湿。”相呼应，强调了保持土壤适当湿润的重要性。故选G项。 3．解析：选E。上文提到植物需要阳光进行光合作用，后文提到要给植物充足的间接光，不要让它们接受直射光。E项 “避免将植物置于直射阳光下。” 承接了上文提到的阳光需求，又引出了下文的间接光照建议。 4．解析：选F。本空位于段首，需要概括本段的主题。根据下文可知，有很多在线资料详细说明如何养护特定种类的室内植物，还提到混合种植的植物需要分开，因为要考虑不同种类植物的需求，F 项 “详尽了解你所养植物的类别。” 能概括该段主旨。 5．解析：选A。前文提到万年青这种植物容易养护，A 项 “它是一种容易养护且耐阴的植物。” 进一步说明万年青容易养护以及对光照需求低的特点，与前文呼应。 Ⅲ．语法填空(每小题1．5分，共15分) (2025·山西晋城高一上期中)The Secret Garden，written by Frances Hodgson Burnett，is a classic children's novel first 1 (publish) in 1911．The story centers on Mary Lennox，a sickly and unloved 10-year-old girl who is sent 2 (live) with her lonely uncle，Archibald Craven，at his big，dark house in the English countryside after her parents die of a 3 (sick) in India． Mary，who is firstly unhappy and difficult to get along with，finds a hidden，wild garden on her uncle's land．4 the help of a kind servant，Martha，and her brother Dickon，who has a magical way with animals and plants，and Mary's sick cousin Colin，Mary 5 (work) to make the garden beautiful again．As the garden comes to life，so does Mary，becoming a 6 (healthy) and happier child． The secret garden becomes 7 place of healing (治愈) and growth for both Mary and Colin．Colin，8 thought he would always be sick and die young，gets stronger and more confident as he spends time in the garden．As the garden comes back to life，so do Mary and Colin．This shows how nature and positive thinking can help people feel better both inside and out． Through the discovery of the garden and the friendships she forms，Mary learns about love，friendship，and the importance of 9 (care) for others．The Secret Garden is a heartwarming tale about the power of nature，the importance of developing relationships，and the ability of positive change to transform lives．10 (it) timeless themes continue to attract readers of all ages． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了《秘密花园》这本书，该书主要讲述了病弱孤独的玛丽在发现并恢复一座隐蔽的花园后，与表弟科林一起得到治愈和成长的故事，展现了自然和积极思维的治愈力量。 1．解析：published。考查非谓语动词。句意：弗朗西斯·霍奇森·伯内特的《秘密花园》是1911年首次出版的经典儿童小说。本句中动词is是谓语动词，动词publish作定语，被修饰名词novel和动词publish之间为被动关系，故用过去分词published。 2．解析：to live。考查非谓语动词。句意：故事以玛丽·伦诺克斯(Mary Lennox)为中心，她是一个体弱多病、无人疼爱的10岁女孩，当其父母在印度因病去世后，她被送去和孤独的叔叔阿奇博尔德·克雷文(Archibald Craven)在英国乡村的大房子里生活。be sent to do sth．意为“被送去做某事”，故用动词不定式形式。 3．解析：sickness。考查名词。根据空前冠词a可知，本空应用名词sickness。 4．解析：With。考查介词。句意：在一个善良的仆人玛莎和她的弟弟狄肯(他对动物和植物有神奇的方法)以及玛丽生病的表弟科林的帮助下，玛丽努力使花园重新变得美丽。with the help of 意为“在……的帮助下”，故本空应用介词With。 5．解析：works。考查动词时态。句意：在一个善良的仆人玛莎和她的弟弟狄肯(他对动物和植物有神奇的方法)以及玛丽生病的表弟科林的帮助下，玛丽努力使花园重新变得美丽。根据前后文动词时态可知，本空应用一般现在时，且句子主语为第三人称单数，故本空应用works。 6．解析：healthier。考查形容词比较级。句意：随着花园焕发生机，玛丽也是如此，成为一个更健康、更快乐的孩子。根据空后and happier可知，本空应用比较级形式。 7．解析：a。考查冠词。句意：这个秘密花园成了玛丽和科林治愈和成长的地方。place为可数名词单数，此处表示“一个……的地方”，且place的首个发音音素为辅音，故用不定冠词。 8．解析：who。考查定语从句。句意：科林以为自己会一直生病，早逝，但随着他在花园里的时间越来越长，他变得越来越强壮和自信。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰名词Colin，本空在从句中作主语、指人，故用关系代词who。 9．解析：caring。考查非谓语动词。句意：通过花园的发现和她建立的友谊，玛丽学会了爱、友谊和关心他人的重要性。根据空前介词of 可知，本空应用动名词作宾语。 10．解析：Its。考查代词。句意：《秘密花园》是一个温暖人心的故事，讲述了自然的力量、发展人际关系的重要性，以及积极改变生活的能力。空后为名词themes，故本空应为形容词性物主代词Its。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $