课后分层练13-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（外研版）

[课后分层练13] (时间：45分钟　满分：78分) Ⅰ．单词拼写(每小题1分，共8分) 1．Scientists are studying this newly-discovered creature (生物) to understand its unique features． 2．About eighty percent (百分比) of the surface of the Earth is covered by water． 3．The school's annual (一年一度的) art exhibition showcases the creative works of students． 4．Scientists are researching new ways to recycle chemicals (化学品) to reduce environmental pollution． 5．People are working hard to protect the whale (鲸) population from being over-hunted． 6．Our professor (教授) gave us some valuable advice on how to write a scientific paper． 7．Every spring，birds migrate (迁徙) from the south to the north to breed． 8．This charity (慈善机构) has been working hard to raise money for poor children． Ⅱ．单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．It is amazing (amaze) that the little boy can play the piano so skillfully at such a young age． 2．We need to find a solution (solve) to the water shortage issue before it gets worse． 3．She studied hard for months and eventually (eventual) passed the difficult exam． 4．There is a mysterious (mystery) old house at the end of the street that no one has lived in for years． 5．Climate change is having a significant impact on the migration (migrate) patterns of many fish species． 6．The ability to adapt to new environments is crucial for the survival (survive) of any species． 7．The ancient bridge was destroyed (destroy) by the flood，leaving the two sides of the river isolated． 8．They lost thousands of dollars when the stock market crashed (crash)． 9．She sought (seek) to express her gratitude to her teacher for the help she received during her studies． 10．It has been proved that a healthy diet has a direct effect on physical fitness． Ⅲ．完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．我们必须采取有效措施保护环境。(measure) We must take effective measures to protect the environment． 2．她直到完成报告才离开办公室。(not．．．until) She didn't leave the office until she finished the report． 3．我找到了留在桌子上的钥匙。(分词作定语) I found the key left on the table． 4．你上床睡觉越早，早上就会越精力充沛。(the＋比较级．．．，the＋比较级．．．) The earlier you go to bed，the more energetic you will be in the morning． 5．她如此受欢迎的原因是她总是对别人很友善。(why引导定语从句) The reason why she is so popular is that she is always kind to others． Ⅳ．课文语法填空(每小题1．5分，共15分) 　　Every autumn，millions of the North American monarch butterflies manage 1to travel (travel) around 4，000 kilometres south and find their way to places 2where they will spend the winter． 　　A team of scientists 3led (lead) by Professor Eli Shlizerman at the University of Washington has found out that the monarch is able to tell the time of day and then uses its 4eyes (eye) to measure the position of the sun．These two pieces of information allow the butterfly to determine the way to go． 　　The solution to the mystery of the monarch's 5amazing (amaze) ability comes at a time when its population 6has crashed (crash) by as much as 90 per cent in the last few years．7Sadly (sad)，human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling． 　　8The research on the monarch's behaviour has however led 9to a greater awareness of this creature．The more we know about this lovely creature，the 10greater (great) the chance it will survive． Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题2．5分，共20分) A 　　(2025·四川广安友实学校高一上期中)On November 7，Lewis Pugh completed a one-kilometer swim in the freezing waters of King Edward Cove，off South Georgia in Antarctica．He was wearing only his swimming glasses，cap and speedos！ 　　Pugh is an advocate for our oceans and seas，working to protect these ecosystem with their large diversity of marine life．When asked why he doesn't wear a wetsuit，Lewis says，“I ask world leaders to do everything they can to protect our oceans．Sometimes the steps they need to take are difficult and unpopular．If I'm asking them to be courageous，I must also be．Swimming in a wetsuit would not send the right message．” 　　It took Pugh about 19 minutes to complete the one-kilometer swim in Antarctica where the water averaged about 1．6 degrees Celsius．He says that his body can only tolerate about 20 minutes in the freezing waters before it starts shutting down．As he swims，his body temperature steadily drops，which in turn causes his muscle control to drop，slowing him down．When he is done with his swim，his support team rushes him to a hot shower and it takes almost an hour for his body temperature to return to normal． 　　Doctors and Pugh caution that one must receive months of training to swim in such cold waters．Even expert swimmers who are unused to freezing water can drown within minutes because of the physical shock experienced by the body．Pugh says he trained for six months before this swim． 　　This is not the first time that Lewis has swum in dangerous conditions．In 2007，he swam one kilometer in the North Pole to draw attention to the melting Arctic ice due to climate change．In 2015，he swam in the Bay of Whales in Antarctica's Ross Sea as part of his successful campaign to help set up a marine reserve there． [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Lewis Pugh为了呼吁政府采取措施保护海洋，在南极海洋水温很低的情况下，不穿防寒泳衣游泳的事情。 1．Why did Lewis Pugh swim without a wetsuit？ A．To swim faster． B．To show his bravery． C．To build up his body． D．To win public attention． 解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第二段 Lewis 所说的话 “If I'm asking them to be courageous，I must also be．Swimming in a wetsuit would not send the right message．” 可知，他不穿潜水衣游泳是为了展示自己的勇气，从而呼吁世界各国领导人勇敢地采取行动保护海洋。故选B。 2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to？ A．His body． B．The water． C．His body temperature． D．The water temperature． 解析：选A。代词指代题。根据第三段 “He says that his body can only tolerate about 20 minutes in the freezing waters before it starts shutting down．” 可知，这里指的是他的身体在冰冷的水中只能忍受大约 20 分钟，然后就会开始出现机能下降等情况，所以 “it” 指代的是 “His body”。故选A。 3．What's Pugh's advice about swimming in freezing waters？ A．One should be ready to take on challenges． B．One should be expert at swimming． C．One must be fully prepared． D．One must be used to long-distance swimming． 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第四段 “Doctors and Pugh caution that one must receive months of training to swim in such cold waters．” 可知，Pugh 认为要在这样寒冷的水中游泳，必须经过数月的训练，即要做好充分的准备。故选C。 4．What may be the best title for the text？ A．Lewis Pugh： swimming for a cause B．How to survive a swim in cold waters C．How to prepare for extreme swimming D．Lewis Pugh： achieving the impossible 解析：选A。主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了 Lewis Pugh 为了呼吁人们保护海洋，在南极冰冷的海水中游泳的事迹，他游泳是为了一个特定的环保事业，A项 “Lewis Pugh为了一个目标而游泳” 最能概括文章主旨。 B 　　(2025·山东烟台高一上期中)Orcas，also known as killer whales，are the largest members of the dolphin family．They hunt in schools of up to 40 individuals and are famous for their group attack on sea creatures．But orcas seldom attack humans． 　　However，since 2020，groups of orcas have struck about 700 boats off the coasts of Spain，Portugal，France and Morocco．They have damaged(损坏)at least seven boats．Experts now believe what the orcas did is the result of bored teenage orcas having fun． 　　After observing fifteen young orcas，a research team，led by Alex Zerbini，found that the orcas approached the boats slowly．Once close，they appeared to simply want to nudge their noses or heads against the rudder (船舵)．Given that these young orcas measure between 2．7 and 4．2 meters in length，just a gentle touch was enough to damage the rudders and even the boats．“As they play with the rudder，they don't understand that they can damage the rudder and will affect human beings．It's more playful than purposeful，” one researcher said． 　　The researchers thought the teenage orcas' boredom results from the increase in the population of their primary food source—the bluefin tuna．With plenty of food，they have a lot more time on their hands．They guessed the action may have been started by a curious individual attracted to the moving boat and may have inspired the others to do the same． 　　Zerbini and his team give some suggestions about being far away from orcas when possible．While people are in the areas where orcas often appear，try to reduce the speed of the boats．Making banging sounds around the boat may keep the whales away．They also suggest boat owners replace the smooth rudder surface with special materials．This will make the boats less fun to “play” with． 　　“We don't want to see more boats being damaged，and we don't want to see people in trouble，” Zerbini said．“But we also don't want to see orcas and other animals being hurt．We have to remember that this is their home，and we're in the way．” [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。介绍了自2020年以来，西班牙、葡萄牙、法国和摩洛哥海岸附近发生的一系列逆戟鲸撞击船只的事件。 5．What does the text focus on about orcas？ A．Their unusual behavior． B．Their feeding habit． C．Their high intelligence． D．Their quick reaction． 解析：选A。主旨大意题。文章开篇介绍虎鲸通常很少攻击人类，但自 2020 年起，它们在西班牙、葡萄牙、法国和摩洛哥海岸附近频繁撞击船只，之后围绕这一不寻常行为阐述了有关研究及应对措施，所以文章聚焦于虎鲸某种不寻常的行为。故选A。 6．Why do orcas strike the boats according to the research？ A．To search for food． B．To seek pleasure． C．To try to communicate． D．To practice hunting skills． 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段 “Experts now believe what the orcas did is the result of bored teenage orcas having fun．” 以及第三段 “As they play with the rudder，they don't understand that they can damage the rudder and will affect human beings．It's more playful than purposeful” 可知，研究表明虎鲸撞击船只是因为无聊的幼年虎鲸想寻找乐趣，故选B。 7．What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us？ A．How to find orcas' tracks． B．How to draw orcas to the rudder． C．How to tell the sounds from orcas． D．How to avoid encounters with orcas． 解析：选D。段落大意题。根据第五段中 “Zerbini and his team give some suggestions．．．smooth rudder surface with special materials．” 等内容可知，主要是关于如何避免与虎鲸接触。故选D。 8．What do we know from Zerbini's words？ A．We should live at peace with animals． B．We should build more high-quality boats． C．People face challenges in developing fishery． D．People have perfected creatures' living environment． 解析：选A。推理判断题。根据Zerbini的话 “We don't want to see more boats being damaged，and we don't．．．remember that this is their home，and we're in the way．” 可知，他既希望保护人类免受麻烦，也避免伤害动物，即我们应该与动物和平共处。故选A。 Ⅱ．完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) 　　(2025·安徽芜湖高一上期中)The biology class was very interesting．Peter's teacher asked everyone to thank him as he had made it possible for them to study a butterfly so 1 ． 　　While going back home，Peter carried a bottle with the butterfly．On the way，whatever small creature Peter 2 ，he felt like putting them into the bottle．And he also checked to make sure to give 3 space to his butterfly． 　　Peter woke up around midnight suddenly．He returned to the table where he placed the butterfly and lightly patted the bottle．The butterfly did not move．Peter thought it must be 4 ．He shook the jar，but still no 5 ．All of a sudden，Peter was scared．He poured a little water into the jar．The water seemed to 6 as the butterfly moved a little．Peter let out a sigh of 7 ．Sitting on his bed，he 8 the jar and found the butterfly was still again． 　　After a while Peter got up，holding the bottle tightly，ran out，quickly 9 the lid of the bottle and started shaking it gently．The butterfly started to move slowly like waking from a deep sleep．It 10 itself on the edge of the bottle and 11 there，and Peter also waited． 　　Then butterfly began to flutter its wings．To Peter，the tiny 12 of the fluttering wings was musical．Later，there was a loud thud．Peter looked at the jar and found the butterfly 13 ．He sat looking at the empty bottle，feeling a little 14 ．But he was happy that the butterfly was back to where it 15 —nature． [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了彼得生物课观察蝴蝶，回家悉心照料，最终放生让其回归自然。 1． A．closely B．quickly C．privately D．repeatedly 解析：选A。根据下文“While going back home，Peter carried a bottle with the butterfly．”可知，彼得带着装有蝴蝶的瓶子，所以大家才能近距离地(closely)研究蝴蝶。quickly快速地；privately私下地；repeatedly反复地。 2． A．searched for B．drew C．encountered D．fed 解析：选C。根据上文“On the way”可知，彼得在路上能够偶然遇见(encountered)一些小生物。searched for搜索；drew绘制；fed饲养，喂养。 3． A．breathing B．escaping C．standing D．eating 解析：选A。根据上文“On the way，whatever small creature Peter 2 ，he felt like putting them into the bottle．”可知，蝴蝶装在瓶子里，如果不留出透气(breathing)的空间，蝴蝶会窒息死亡。escaping逃逸；standing站立；eating吃。 4． A．sleeping B．flying C．fighting D．worrying 解析：选A。根据上文“The butterfly did not move．”以及下文“The water seemed to 6 as the butterfly moved a little．”可知，彼得认为蝴蝶睡着了(sleeping)。flying飞；fighting奋斗；worrying担心。 5． A．problem B．reason C．response D．solution 解析：选C。根据上文“He shook the jar”可知，彼得晃动瓶子，想把蝴蝶弄醒，但是蝴蝶没有反应(response)。problem问题；reason原因；solution解决。 6． A．change B．stop C．help D．boil 解析：选C。根据下文“as the butterfly moved a little”可知，水让蝴蝶动了，水好像起作用了(help)。change改变；stop停止；boil煮。 7． A．pain B．relief C．fear D．achievement 解析：选B。根据上文“The water seemed to 6 as the butterfly moved a little．”可知，蝴蝶动了让彼得感到很宽慰(relief)。pain疼痛；fear恐惧；achievement成就。 8． A．aimed at B．knocked at C．waved at D．stared at 解析：选D。根据下文“and found the butterfly was still again”可知，彼得一直在盯着(stared at)瓶子，密切观察着蝴蝶。aimed at瞄准；knocked at敲；waved at挥手。 9．A．checked B．packed C．closed D．opened 解析：选D。根据下文“He sat looking at the empty bottle”可知，瓶子空了，说明彼得把瓶子的盖子打开了(opened)。checked检查；packed包装；closed关闭。 10．A．protected B．relaxed C．settled D．behaved 解析：选C。根据下文“itself on the edge of the bottle and 11 there”可知，蝴蝶落在了(settled)瓶子边缘上。settle有“降落；停留”的意思。protected保护；relaxed放松；behaved表现。 11．A．waited B．followed C．prepared D．struggled 解析：选A。根据下文“and Peter also waited”可知，蝴蝶是在等待(waited)。followed跟随；prepared准备；struggled挣扎。 12．A．silence B．darkness C．animal D．sound 解析：选D。根据下文“musical”可知，对彼得来说，翅膀颤动的小小的声音(sound)是悦耳的。silence沉默；darkness黑暗；animal动物。 13．A．amazing B．gone C．lost D．separated 解析：选B。根据下文“He sat looking at the empty bottle，feeling a little 14 ．”可知，蝴蝶飞走了，消失了。形容词gone意为“消失”。amazing惊人的；lost丢失的；separated分开的。 14．A．grateful B．cheerful C．regretful D．forgetful 解析：选C。根据下文彼得心情的转折“But he was happy that the butterfly was back to where it 15 —nature．”可知，蝴蝶飞走了，彼得感到很遗憾(regretful)。grateful感激的；cheerful开朗的，开心的；forgetful健忘的。 15．A．belonged B．contributed C．appealed D．attended 解析：选A。根据上文“the butterfly was back”可知，蝴蝶应该回归大自然，回到了它本该属于的(belonged)地方。contributed贡献；appealed上诉；attended出席。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $