课后分层练12-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（外研版）

[课后分层练12] (时间：40分钟　满分：80．5分) Ⅰ．单词拼写(每小题1分，共8分) 1．Although they have busy study schedules，these teenagers (青少年) still find time to volunteer at the local community center． 2．When I entered the classroom，I saw a scene (场景) of students helping each other with their difficult math problems． 3．Despite the long distance (距离) between the two cities，they often visit each other by taking the high-speed train． 4．A good dance partner (伙伴) can make the whole performance more wonderful and harmonious． 5．He slowly unfolded (展开) the map and tried to figure out the best route to their destination． 6．The library has a quiet atmosphere (气氛) that is perfect for reading and concentration． 7．Honesty is a fundamental quality (品德) that every person should possess． 8．She has a strong personality (个性) and is not afraid to speak her mind in public． Ⅱ．单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．It was the coach's inspiring (inspire) speech that motivated the team to win the game． 2．The meeting started as scheduled at the appointed (appoint) time，and no one was late． 3．He is ashamed of not being able to keep his promise to his little sister． 4．My sister has a great passion for painting and has held several exhibitions of her works． 5．The sports event will be postponed (postpone) if the necessary facilities are not ready in time． 6．Teaching little kids requires a lot of patience (patient) as they are always full of energy． 7．It is important to create a comfortable (comfort) reading corner in the library for book lovers． 8．The athlete's anxiety (anxious) before the race made it difficult for him to sleep． 9．The generosity (generous) of the local people made the tourists feel welcome． 10．He regretted his decision bitterly (bitter) after realizing the consequences． Ⅲ．完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．她去商场为聚会买了一些新衣服。(不定式作目的状语) She went to the mall to buy some new clothes for the party． 2．他走进一家理发店去理发。(have＋宾语＋宾语补足语) He went into a barber's shop to have his hair cut． 3．她是一位总是鼓励学生的老师。(who引导定语从句) She is a teacher who always encourages her students． 4．无论发生什么，我永远不会放弃我的梦想。(no matter＋疑问词) No matter what happens，I will never give up on my dream． 5．你应该早点告诉我会议的事。(情态动词＋have done) You should have told me about the meeting earlier． Ⅳ．课文语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) The short story After Twenty Years is set 1in New York on a cold，dark night．A policeman who 2is checking (check) the area sees a man outside a shop．He goes up to the man 3and chats with him．4The man starts to tell his story． Twenty years ago tonight，he dined here at“Big Joe”Brady's with his friend Jimmy Wells．The next morning he was 5to start (start) for the West to make his fortune．But Jimmy wouldn't leave New York．However，they agreed that night that they would meet here again 6exactly (exact) twenty years from that date and time，no matter what their 7conditions (condition) might be or from what 8distance (distant) they might have to come．9Although/Though they were out of touch with each other for a long time，he knew Jimmy would meet him here if he was alive，for he always was the 10truest (true)，and staunchest old chap in the world． Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) (2025·江苏连云港海州区高一上期中)Last month，I was sorting through an old box when I came across a time capsule，in purple and green floss (丝线)．Faded and worn，it was a friendship bracelet (手链)—an important part of my teenage summers．Holding it in my hand made me think about those precious memories of childhood，which my kids will never know firsthand． My handiwork wasn't beautiful．But what I remember is the beauty of the offering： slipping something into a friend's hand and knowing it would always be with them．The experience was intoxicating—like the serious business of exchanging wedding rings，it was a symbol of an unbreakable bond．Those bracelets represented how much we meant to each other，at a time when our friends were becoming the center of our lives． I slept with my bracelets and showered with them．I wore them all summer long at camp．And I acquired new bracelets from friends there—friends who received carefully crafted bracelets from me in return，as we said our tearful end-of-summer goodbyes．I thought having them helped ease the pain of leaving my friends．But now I see that they were really helping me to leave behind childhood． My kids don't go to summer camp．They certainly don't exchange anything as uncool as bracelets with their friends．They hang out on Discord in chats that only pause but never end．Our eldest son endlessly texts on his cellphone as he and his friends make one another talking emojis (表情符号) and TikTok videos． Their relationships with their phones leave no time or space for writing letters or making bracelets，and their gifts to one another leave no clear and definite traces．There will be no boxes of letters to sort years from now nor any hidden bracelets to find．They will have little to physically hold on to． [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者整理旧盒子发现了以前的友谊手链，让作者想起了自己的童年，以及如今的孩子的童年和作者的不同。 1．Why does the author associate a bracelet with a time capsule？ A．It is faded and worn． B．It was made by the author herself． C．It reminds her of her childhood． D．It is shaped like a capsule． 解析：选C。细节理解题。文章第一段提到作者在整理旧盒子时发现了友谊手链，觉得它就像一个时间胶囊，紧接着说 “Holding it in my hand made me think about those precious memories of childhood”，所以作者把手链和时间胶囊联系起来是因为手链能让她想起自己的童年。故选C。 2．What does the underlined word “intoxicating” mean in Paragraph 2？ A．Professional． B．Temporary． C．Exciting． D．Strange． 解析：选C。词义猜测题。根据画线词前“My handiwork wasn't beautiful．．．it would always be with them．”及后文“like the serious business of exchanging wedding rings，it was a symbol of an unbreakable bond”可知，作者的手工艺品并不是很美，但是当把它送给朋友时意义变得深刻，后文把这种经历比喻成交换结婚戒指，是一种牢不可破的纽带的象征。画线词“intoxicating” 表示“积极且让人激动、兴奋”。故选C。 3．Why does the author think her kids' childhood is different from hers？ A．They make more friends at summer camp． B．They spend too much time on their cellphones． C．They are unwilling to give bracelets to parents． D．They often send hand-made gifts to their friends． 解析：选B。细节理解题。文章第四段描述了作者孩子们的相处方式：他们在 Discord 上聊天，聊天只是暂停但从不结束，不停地在手机上发短信，互相发聊天表情和抖音视频。第五段提到“Their relationships with their phones leave no time or space for writing letters or making bracelets”，这些都表明作者认为孩子们花太多时间在手机上，与自己童年时通过制作和交换手链等方式建立友谊的情况大不一样，故选 B。 4．What can be inferred about the friendship bracelets？ A．They proved the author's kids had much to physically hold onto． B．They represented both the author and her kids' unforgettable childhood． C．They recalled the author's deep sorrow of leaving close friends at summer camp． D．They gave meaning to the author's childhood in a way her kids will never know． 解析：选D。推理判断题。文章第一段提到手链让作者想起童年珍贵回忆，而自己的孩子不会有这样亲身经历，最后一段也说孩子们现在的相处方式使得他们没有像手链这样实实在在可以留存、能承载回忆的物品，所以友谊手链以一种作者孩子们永远不会知道的方式赋予了作者童年特殊的意义，故选 D。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Defining what an ideal friend is like is not an easy task．1( ) However，generally speaking，there are certain qualities that most people would consider as characteristics of an ideal friend． The ideal friend knows how to show weakness．The ideal friends don't try to prove how successful they are．2( ) They tend to show how much they trust us by admitting failings and sorrows．They offer us the gift of their vulnerability (脆弱)． 3( ) More often than it's comfortable to admit，we don't quite know what we think until a proper friend gently asks us to expand on a thought，to explain why we're impressed by it and to find good answers to possible objections．They see the potential in what we're saying when we can't． The proper friend helps build our self-understanding．There are so many things we don't entirely comprehend about who we are．We find it hard to pin down our goals．4( ) We might have some strong opinions，but it can be difficult to explain really why these ideas matter to us．The right friend listens and helps us piece together the best account of our fears and excitements． They help us to like ourselves．Normally we're intently alive to our own shortcomings； it's more obvious，from our point of view，what's disappointing about us than what's attractive．We need a friend because we're likely to be so very unfriendly towards ourselves．5( ) A．A true friend helps us think． B．We get defensive and we don't really know why． C．Loyalty is a common quality given to ideal friends． D．The good friend likes us in ways we're not easily able to． E．Everyone has their own understanding of what the ideal friend is like． F．On the contrary，they let us know embarrassing things about themselves． G．They care for your well-being over any issues that may arise between you and them． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一个理想的朋友所拥有的特征。 1．解析：选E。根据空前句“Defining what an ideal friend is like is not an easy task．”可知，要定义一个理想的朋友并不容易；根据空后句“However，generally speaking，there are certain qualities that most people would consider as characteristics of an ideal friend．”可知，有些品质是大多数人认为理想的朋友都有的。E项“理想的朋友是什么样的，每个人都有自己的理解。”承上启下，符合语境。 2．解析：选F。根据空前句“The ideal friends don't try to prove how successful they are．”可知，理想的朋友不会试图证明他们有多成功，F项“相反，他们让我们知道他们自己的糗事。”和前面的证明他们有多成功相反，符合语境。 3．解析：选A。本空为段落主题句。根据空后“a proper friend gently asks us to expand on a thought，to explain why we're impressed by it and to find good answers to possible objections”可知，A项“真正的朋友帮助我们思考。”概括了本段的主旨，可作为主题句。 4．解析：选B。根据段落主题句“The proper friend helps build our self-understanding．”可知，真正的朋友有助于建立我们的自我理解。根据空前句“There are so many things we don't entirely comprehend about who we are．We find it hard to pin down our goals．”可知，我们有很多事情不理解，本空应继续介绍我们不理解一些事情，B项“我们变得有戒心，我们也不知道为什么。”符合语境。 5．解析：选D。根据本段主题句“They help us to like ourselves．”和空前句“We need a friend because we're likely to be so very unfriendly towards ourselves．”可知，D项“好朋友喜欢我们的方式是我们不容易做到的。”承上启下，符合语境。 Ⅲ．语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·湖南长沙雅礼集团高一上期中)Friendship is one of life's greatest gifts，and it 1 (value) in both Eastern and Western cultures．One of the most famous sayings about friendship in China can be found in the words of Confucius： “Isn't it 2 joy when friends visit from faraway places？” In the U．K．，there is an 3 (equal) famous poem about friendship．It reminds people 4 (remember) and value old friendships，as they look to the years ahead．That poem is Auld Lang Syne． “Auld Lang Syne” is Scots and is translated word for word as “old long since”，5 (mean) “days gone by”．The poem was written by the great Scottish poet Robert Burns．It was printed in 1796，just after Burns's 6 (die)．And over the years it has become the song that is so familiar 7 us today．Joyful but at the same time a bit sad，Auld Lang Syne has featured in many films，including Waterloo Bridge，the film 8 made the song widely known to Chinese audience． So far，Auld Lang Syne 9 (translate) into many different languages，and is one of the world's best-loved songs now．It's played at parties，celebrations，festivals，and even at some shopping centers at closing time．Whatever language or occasion，it has become a symbol of friendship and 10 (share) experience—whether we can sing it or not． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，介绍了《友谊地久天长》这首歌曲，包括其起源以及在东西方的流行。 1．解析：is valued。考查动词时态和语态。句意：友谊是人生最珍贵的礼物之一，东西方文化都重视友谊。本句陈述客观事实，且句子主语it和动作value之间是被动关系，故本空应用一般现在时的被动语态。 2．解析：a。考查冠词。句意：中国有一句关于友谊的名言，出自孔子之口：“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？”空后名词joy为抽象名词具体化，泛指“一件高兴的事情”，故应用不定冠词a。 3．解析：equally。考查副词。句意：在英国，有一首关于友谊的诗同样著名。本空修饰形容词famous，应用副词形式equally，意为“同样地”。 4．解析：to remember。考查非谓语动词。句意：它提醒人们在展望未来的岁月时，要记住并珍惜过去的友谊。remind sb．to do意为“提醒某人做某事”，故本空应用不定式形式。 5．解析：meaning。考查非谓语动词。句意：“Auld Lang Syne”是苏格兰语，逐字翻译为“很久以前”，意思是“过去的日子”。本空作状语，动词mean和句子主语Auld Lang Syne是主动关系，故应用现在分词形式作状语。 6．解析：death。考查名词。句意：它于1796年印刷，就在伯恩斯去世后。根据空前名词性物主代词Burns's可知，本空应用名词形式。 7．解析：to。考查介词。句意：多年来，它已经成为我们今天如此熟悉的歌曲。be familiar to sb．意为“为某人所熟悉”，故本空应用介词to。 8．解析：that/which。考查定语从句。句意：《友谊地久天长》充满欢乐，但同时也有些伤感，它出现在许多电影中，包括《魂断蓝桥》，正是这部电影让这首歌在中国观众中广为人知。本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词film，本空在从句中作主语、指物，应用关系代词that或which作引导词。 9．解析：has been translated。考查时态及语态。句意：句意：迄今为止，《友谊地久天长》已被翻译成多种语言，现在是世界上最受欢迎的歌曲之一。根据时间状语So far可知，本空应用现在完成时，且动词translate和句子主语Auld Lang Syne之间是被动关系，故本空应用现在完成时的被动语态。 10．解析： shared。考查形容词。句意：无论在何种语言或场合，它都已成为友谊和共同经历的象征——无论我们是否会唱。本空修饰experience，应用形容词形式shared，意为“共享的，共同的”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $