Unit 6 At one with nature-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（外研版）

本讲义围绕“人与自然和谐相处”主题，系统整合阅读（龙脊梯田、《秘密花园》等文本）、语法（介词+关系代词定语从句）及概要写作等核心知识点。通过导入活动引入主题，分层阅读任务深化文本理解，语法解析巩固语言知识，最终以写作任务实现输出，构建“输入-内化-输出”完整学习支架。 该资料特色鲜明，语言能力培养上，通过细节阅读题和写作指导提升理解与表达；文化意识方面，对比龙脊梯田与奥地利Hallstatt案例，涵养跨文化认知。课中分步骤活动（如Lead-in问题链）助力教师高效授课，课后分层练习（单词拼写、语法填空）及词汇用法总结，辅助学生查漏补缺，强化知识巩固。

　　Hello，I'm Xiaohe．Today I learned about a wonderful place for agriculture in a book．In the basin of a valley，surrounded by steep hills and a narrow river，lies a small region known for its rich soil and agriculture．Farmers here grow crops like sunflowers，which thrive in the warm climate．The design of their farming system ensures harmony with nature，preventing harm to the environment．Nearby，a waterfall flows into a channel that irrigates the fields．The grand canyon in the distance adds to the beauty of the landscape．Despite the barrier of the desert，camels are used to transport materials like minerals and herbs to the consumers in nearby towns．The completion of a new tunnel has made travel easier，replacing the old，dangerous paths．This priority project has brought many benefits to the region，improving the living conditions of the people．The pleasant flavour of local dishes，made with fresh crops，attracts visitors，boosting the local economy．Therefore，the limited resources are used wisely，ensuring a sustainable future． Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas Step One　Lead-in Can you introduce a place where people and nature live in harmony？How do people maintain this harmonious relationship？ Yes，there is．The small town of Hallstatt in Austria is well-known for the harmonious co-existence of people and nature．First，local people follow building rules closely．They use local wood and stone to build new houses，making them fit well with the mountains and the lake around．Second，they use clean energy like solar and water power．They also care a lot about waste．People sort waste carefully and recycle or reuse most of it．All these efforts keep the place clean and nice，so people and nature can live in harmony． Step Two　Read for the main idea 1．Match the main idea with each paragraph． Para．1　　A．Reasons for building terraces in the mountainous region． Para．2　　B．Harmony between people，nature，and terraces． Para．3　　C．Cultural and tourist significance of the Longji Rice Terraces． Para．4　　D．The Longji Rice Terraces show different colors across seasons． Para．5 E．History and construction of the Longji Rice Terraces． 答案：Para．1—D；Para．2—E；Para．3—A；Para．4—B；Para．5—C 2．What is the author's purpose in writing the text？ A．To introduce how the Longji Rice Terraces were built． B．To praise the wisdom of the ethnic groups living in Guangxi． C．To explain how people worked in harmony with nature to create the Longji Rice Terraces． D．To describe the beauty of the Longji Rice Terraces and to attract visitors to this scenic spot． 答案：C Step Three　Read for details Ⅰ．Read Para．1 carefully and do the following exercises． 1．How does the author develop Paragraph 1？ A．By listing the facts． B．By comparing the facts． C．By vividly describing the scene． D．By painting the beautiful colours． 答案：C 2．The mountains are wrapped in silver water in spring，turn bright green with growing rice in summer，are gold in autumn and are covered in sheets of white frost in winter． Ⅱ．Read Para．2 carefully and do the following exercises． 1．Who built the Longji Rice Terraces？ A．The Han people． B．The local Zhuang and Yao people． C．The Xizang people． D．The Mongolian people． 2．When was the construction of the terraces completed？ A．In the Yuan Dynasty． B．In the Ming Dynasty． C．In the early Qing Dynasty． D．In the late Qing Dynasty． 答案：1．B　2．C Ⅲ．Read Para．3 carefully and do the following exercises． 1．Why did people build terraces？ A．For fun． B．To build houses． C．To make the mountains look nice． D．To increase rice-growing areas and catch the rainwater． 2．What problem does building terraces solve？ A．Lack of sunlight． B．Soil being washed away． C．Too many trees． D．Shortage of seeds． 答案：1．D　2．B Ⅳ．Read Para．4 carefully and fill in the blanks． Rainwater flows down mountains．→It enters terraces through waterways．→Sun heats the water and turns it into vapour．→It forms clouds from which rain falls again．→Rain returns to the mountain terraces．→Terraces' ecosystem supports birds and fish．→They feed on insects that harm rice crops． Ⅴ．Read Para．5 carefully and do the following exercises． 1．Why do the terraces still matter to the people？ A．They are easy to manage． B．They make people rich． C．They are very beautiful． D．Traditions are valuable to them． 2．How do new generations maintain the terraces？ A．By following ancient methods． B．By using modern machines． C．By learning from foreigners． D．By changing the design． 答案：1．D　2．A Step Four　Consolidation Please introduce the Longji Rice Terraces to a foreign friend．You can organise your presentation according to the following questions． 1．What are the Longji Rice Terraces？ 2．Who built the terraces and why are they special？ 3．What can visitors see and experience at the terraces？ 4．Why should people visit the Longji Rice Terraces？ Your presentation： 　　The Longji Rice Terraces are beautiful fields carved into mountains in Guangxi，China．They were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people over hundreds of years，and they show how humans can work with nature in harmony．Visitors can see stunning views of the terraces，learn about traditional farming methods，and enjoy the peaceful environment．People should visit the Longji Rice Terraces to experience this unique blend of culture，history，and natural beauty，and to see how people and nature can create something amazing together． ◎ Longji Rice Terraces① Imagine mountains wrapped② in silver water，shining in the spring sun．Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice．During autumn，these same mountains are gold，and in winter they are covered in sheets③ of white frost④．These are the colours of the Longji Rice Terraces． These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people，to whom Guangxi is home．Starting in the Yuan Dynasty⑤[1]，work on the terraces took hundreds of years，until its completion⑥ in the early Qing Dynasty．Reaching as far as the eye can see⑦[2]，these terraces cover tall mountains，often from the bottom to the very top⑧． [1]Starting in the Yuan Dynasty为非谓语动词作状语。 [2]Reaching as far as the eye can see为非谓语动词作状语。 So why did these people go to so much trouble to turn the entire mountains into terraces？Firstly，there are few large，flat areas of land in the region⑨．Building the terraces therefore⑩ meant that they could increase the areas in which they could grow rice．[3]Secondly，although the region has plenty of⑪ rain，the mountains are steep⑫ and the soil⑬ is shallow⑭．The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from⑮ being washed away． [3]本句是主从复合句。其中that引导宾语从句，该宾语从句中还有in which引导的定语从句。 But perhaps what is most significant⑯ is the way in which people have worked in harmony with⑰ nature to make these terraces and grow rice．[4]The terraces are cleverly designed⑱，with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other⑲．During the rainy season，it is along these waterways that rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces．The sun heats the water and turns it into vapour⑳．This forms clouds from which rain falls down onto the mountain terraces once again㉑．[5]These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish，some of which feed on insects that can harm㉒ the rice crops㉓[6]． [4]本句是主从复合句。what is most significant为主语从句；in which引导的定语从句修饰先行词way。 [5]from which引导的定语从句修饰先行词clouds。 [6]some of which．．．为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词birds and fish。 Although modern technology could help produce more crops，these terraces still mean a lot to the local people for whom traditions㉔ hold much value．[7]This knowledge is passed down㉕ through families，which means that new generations㉖ continue to use ancient methods of agriculture㉗ to maintain the terraces[8]．Today，the Longji Rice Terraces attract㉘ thousands of visitors who come to admire㉙ this great wonder created by people and nature working together㉚[9]． [7]Although引导让步状语从句；for whom引导的定语从句修饰先行词the local people。 [8]which引导非限制性定语从句，在该从句中，that引导宾语从句。 [9]who引导的定语从句修饰先行词visitors。created by people and nature working together为过去分词短语作定语。 ◎ ① terrace n．梯田 ② wrap v．包，裹 ③ sheet n．(冰或水等的)一大片 ④ frost n．霜 ⑤ dynasty n．朝代 ⑥ completion n．完成，结束 ⑦ as far as the eye can see 眼睛能看到的地方 ⑧ from the bottom to the top自下而上 ⑨ region n．地区，区域 ⑩ therefore adv．因此，由此 ⑪ plenty of很多 ⑫ steep adj．陡的，陡峭的 ⑬ soil n．土壤 ⑭ shallow adj．浅的 ⑮ prevent v．阻挡，防止 prevent．．．from．．．阻止……免受…… ⑯ significant adj．重要的，影响深远的 ⑰ harmony n．融洽相处，和谐 in harmony with 与……相处融洽 ⑱ design v．设计 ⑲ connect with each other相互联系 ⑳ vapour n．蒸气 ㉑once again再一次 ㉒harm v．伤害，损害 ㉓crop n．庄稼，作物 ㉔tradition n．传统 ㉕pass down传承 ㉖generation n．一代人 ㉗agriculture n．农业 ㉘attract v．吸引，引起……的兴趣 ㉙admire v．欣赏，观赏 ㉚work together合作 ◎ 龙脊梯田 想象一下：春日，群山被银白色的水田包裹，在阳光下闪闪发光；盛夏，佳禾吐绿，将群山染成一片青翠；秋收，满山金黄；而隆冬，它们又披上了冰霜做成的雪白毛毯；这，就是绚丽多彩的龙脊梯田。 这些梯田是由当地的壮族和瑶族人民开辟的，广西就是他们的故乡。梯田从元朝开始修建，历经数百年，至清朝初年才得以完成。极目远眺，梯田包裹着巍峨的高山，往往从山脚一直盘绕到山顶。 那么，这些人为什么要费尽周折地把群山变成梯田呢？首先，这个地区几乎没有大片平地。因此，建造梯田意味着他们能够扩大水稻的种植面积。其次，尽管该地区雨水充沛，但山势陡峭，土壤浅薄。水平的梯田能够储存雨水，防止土壤流失。 但也许最令人惊叹的还是人与自然和谐相处建造梯田并种植水稻的方式。这些梯田设计巧妙，其间有几百条相互连通的水渠。在雨季，雨水就是沿着这些水道顺着山脉流入梯田的。水在太阳的照射下变成水蒸气，这就形成了云，雨又从云中落下，落到山上的梯田里。这些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了绝佳的栖息地，而一部分鸟和鱼又以危害水稻的昆虫为食。 虽然现代技术可以帮助生产更多的农作物，但这些梯田对极其重视传统的当地人来说仍旧意义重大。这一知识通过家族传承下来，这意味着年轻一代继续使用农耕古法来维护梯田。如今，龙脊水稻梯田吸引着成千上万的游客来欣赏这由人类和自然共同创造的伟大奇迹。 prevent v．阻挡，防止(联想：prevention n．预防；防止；防范　preventable adj．可以预防的；可以阻止的) 【教材原句】　The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away． 水平的梯田能够储存雨水，防止土壤流失。 【用法归纳】 (1)prevent/stop sb．(from) (doing) sth． 阻止某人(做)某事 (2)keep sb．from (doing) sth． 阻止某人(做)某事 【名师点津】　在主动语态中，与stop/prevent搭配的from可以省略；在被动语态中from不可省略。 【佳句必背】　He rushed forward and spread his body to prevent the child from being hit by the car．(读后续写之动作描写) 他冲上前去，张开身体，保护孩子以免其被汽车撞到。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①The spread of false information on the Internet should be prevented (prevent) to maintain a healthy online environment． ②His fear of heights kept him from climbing to the top of the mountain． ③Early detection and treatment play a crucial role in the prevention (prevent) of cancer． ④Many road accidents are preventable (prevent) if drivers strictly follow traffic rules． 【写成佳句】　句式升级 ⑤The firemen arrived quickly，so they prevented the fire from spreading． →The firemen arrived quickly，preventing the fire from spreading．(分词短语作状语) harmony n．融洽相处，和谐(联想：harmonious adj．和谐的) 【教材原句】　But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice． 但也许最令人惊叹的还是人与自然和谐相处建造梯田并种植水稻的方式。 【用法归纳】 in harmony 和睦地，和谐地 in harmony with 与……协调一致；与……和谐相处 out of harmony with．．． 与……不一致，与……不协调 【佳句必背】　The harmony between the singing birds and the blooming flowers in spring is a celebration of nature's renewal．(读后续写之景色描写)春天，鸟儿欢唱与花儿绽放之间的和谐，是对大自然复苏的礼赞。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①The company aims to build a harmonious (harmony) working relationship among its employees． ②His actions are often out of harmony with his words，which makes people doubt his sincerity． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ③(应用文之环境保护)众所周知，我们要生存下去的唯一方式就是要与大自然和谐相处。 As we all know，the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature． ④(应用文之主旨升华)强调人与自然的和谐是中国文化的一个重要部分。 It is an important part of Chinese culture to emphasize the harmony between human beings and nature． design n．& v．设计； 图案；构思(联想：designer n．设计者) 【教材原句】　The terraces are cleverly designed，with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other． 这些梯田设计巧妙，其间有几百条相互连通的水渠。 【用法归纳】 (1)be designed for 为……设计 be designed to do．．． 被设计来做…… (2)by design 有意地，故意地 【佳句必背】　Our school designed a volunteer service program to encourage students to contribute to the community．(应用文写作之学校活动) 我们学校策划了一个志愿服务项目，鼓励学生为社区做贡献。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①The new teaching method is designed to improve (improve) students' creativity and critical thinking skills． ②These textbooks are designed for students in the advanced stage of language learning． ③She wore a plain dress to the party by design，not wanting to draw too much attention． ④She is a talented designer (design) who works for a famous brand． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ⑤(应用文之活动介绍)这个读书节旨在加强友谊，共同促进学业进步。 The reading festival is designed to strengthen friendship and promote academic progress together． harm v．& n．伤害，损害(联想：harmful adj．有害的　 harmless adj．无害的；无恶意的) 【教材原句】　These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish，some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops． 这些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了绝佳的栖息地，而一部分鸟和鱼又以危害水稻的昆虫为食。 【用法归纳】 (1)do sb．/sth．harm＝do harm to sb．/sth． 对某人/某物有害 There is no harm in doing sth． 做某事并无害处；不妨做某事 (2)be harmful to．．． 对……有害 【佳句必背】　Sometimes words can harm more deeply than actions． 有时，言语比行动更能深深地伤害人。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①Eating too much junk food can do harm to your digestive system and physical fitness． ②Friendship can be harmed (harm) by conflicts and misunderstandings． ③Staying up late frequently is harmful (harm) to your mental and physical health． ④The harmless (harm) joke brought laughter to everyone in the room． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ⑤(应用文之建议信)如果你们两个吵架了，先彼此道个歉也无妨。 There is no harm in apologizing to each other first if you two have quarreled． see的拟人表达法 【教材原句】　Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice． 盛夏，佳禾吐绿，将群山染成一片青翠。 【用法归纳】 (1)see意为“见证，目睹，经历”时，常以表示时代、年代、世纪或地点的名词作主语，表示某时或某地“目睹、发生、经历”了某事。 (2)与see用法相同的动词有find，witness等，这些词在句中作谓语，用物作主语时，表示一种拟人的手法，以增添语言色彩，使表达更形象。 【佳句必背】　The Art Building will witness this paper-cutting art exhibition．(应用文之通知) 这次剪纸艺术展将在艺术楼举办。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①The stadium has seen (see) many exciting sports competitions and unforgettable moments in the past ten years． ②Last Friday afternoon saw (see) a friendly football match between our school and the German sister school on the playground． ③The morning sunlight found (find) the old man already doing Tai Chi in the park． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④这座雕像见证了几代人的逝去，每一代人都在世界上留下了自己的印记。 The statue has seen generations pass by，each leaving their mark on the world． 1．shallow A．adj．浅的　B．adj．肤浅的，浅薄的 C．adj．(呼吸)浅的，微弱的 ①Her understanding of the topic is quite shallow because she only knows the basics． B ②The water in the pond is shallow，so it's safe for children to play in． A ③We can hear nothing but the baby's shallow breathing． C 2．写出句中加黑单词的词性及汉语意思 ①The director announced the wrap of the movie with great satisfaction．n．(拍摄电影时)完成拍摄 ②I need to change the sheets on my bed every week to keep it clean．n．床单 ③The baker will frost the cake with a layer of delicious icing．v．给(糕饼)覆上糖霜 ④In the morning，I soiled my dress while I was eating my breakfast．v．弄脏 [课后分层练16] (时间：45分钟　满分：78分) Ⅰ．单词拼写(每小题1分，共8分) 1．The heavy rain damaged a large part of the crops (作物)，causing a great loss to the local farmers． 2．He didn't study hard for the exam，therefore (因此)，he didn't pass it as expected． 3．The pond was covered with a sheet (一大片) of ice，and some children were skating on it carefully． 4．On cold winter nights，the grass is often covered with frost (霜)，which sparkles in the early morning sunlight． 5．The mountainous region (区域) provides a great place for hiking and enjoying the natural scenery． 6．The path to the mountaintop is very steep (陡峭的)，and you need to be careful and take your time． 7．The Song Dynasty (朝代) was a remarkable period in Chinese history，renowned for its achievements in art，literature，and science． 8．After the heavy rain，the soil (土壤) became soft and muddy，making it difficult for the farmers to plow． Ⅱ．单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．The completion (complete) of the new library will provide students with a better study environment． 2．The heavy snow prevented us from going out，so we had to stay at home． 3．We should learn to live in harmony with nature to ensure the sustainable development of the earth． 4．The books，wrapped (wrap) carefully in brown paper，were ready to be mailed． 5．The region is famous for its rich agricultural (agriculture) resources，such as grains，fruits，and vegetables． 6．Regular exercise and a balanced diet are important for the prevention (prevent) of many diseases． 7．The app is designed to capture (capture) your daily exercise data accurately． 8．The community is working hard to create more harmonious (harmony) neighborhood relations where everyone gets along well． 9．The old building was destroyed by design to make way for a new modern structure． 10．Smoking is harmful (harm) to your lungs and can cause serious health problems． Ⅲ．完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．这座古庙见证了无数代人的逝去。(拟人句) The ancient temple has seen/witnessed the passing of countless generations． 2．所有这一切都是在星期日晚上发生的。(强调句) It was on Sunday night that all this happened． 3．站在舞台上，她感到心脏狂跳，双腿发抖。(现在分词短语作状语) Standing on the stage，she felt heart beat wildly and his legs trembled． 4．当他接过一个小男孩给的鲜花时，他感激地笑起来。(过去分词作定语) He smiled with gratitude as he accepted the flowers given by a little boy． 5．你最好戴一副太阳镜来保护你的眼睛。(不定式作目的状语) You'd better wear a pair of sunglasses to protect your eyes． Ⅳ．课文语法填空(每小题1．5分，共15分) Longji Rice Terraces 1were built (build) by the local Zhuang and Yao people．Starting in the Yuan Dynasty，work on the terraces took 2hundreds (hundred) of years，until its completion in the early Qing Dynasty．3Reaching (reach) as far as the eye can see，these terraces cover tall mountains，often from the bottom to the very top． So why did these people go to so much trouble 4to turn (turn) the entire mountains into terraces？Firstly，there are few large，flat areas of land in the region．Building the terraces therefore meant that they could increase the areas 5where they could grow rice．Secondly，the flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from 6being washed (wash) away． The terraces are 7clearly (clear) designed，with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other．These terraces also provide a perfect environment 8for birds and fish．Although modern technology could help produce more crops，these terraces still mean a lot to the people for 9whom traditions hold much value．Today，the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of visitors who come to admire this great wonder 10created (create) by people and nature working together． Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题2．5分，共20分) A (2025·陕西榆林十四中高一上期中)Ritz has been teaching for nearly 10 years in a high school where the early graduation rate of the students was just 17%．He discovered a way to connect and intrigue these students，especially the ones who seemed the hardest to reach． Once，he received a package of flower bulbs (球茎) which he mistakenly thought were onions．He was afraid that they might become weapons (武器) in a classroom fight，so he hid them behind a radiator (暖气片) inside the classroom and forgot about them． Six weeks later，an angry girl ran after a boy who always made troubles．As usual，Ritz rushed towards them to break up what he thought was about to become a disaster．He saw the boy reach towards the radiator and thought he might have hidden a weapon there．To his surprise，the boy suddenly pulled out a bunch of yellow flowers and gave them to the girl as a peace offering．The girl decided to take the flowers home to her mother and peace came back． The forgotten bulbs were actually daffodils (黄水仙)．The steam from the radiator had forced them into flowers．From such an experience，Ritz realized that if there was power in plants to prevent a classroom fight，there must be power in plants to change students' lives．He turned the moment of growing plants into a green course，a movement that would change his life and the lives of his students．He designed vegetable gardens into part of the school ground and on top of a building． Ritz's students now not only have near-perfect attendance and graduation rates，but also great green fingers． [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了被Ritz遗忘的黄水仙花平息了学生间的冲突，由此Ritz想到了开设绿色种植课程，这门课提高了学生的学习兴趣，增加了其出勤率和毕业率。 1．What does the underlined word “intrigue” mean in Paragraph 1？ A．Interest． B．Protect． C．Punish． D．Challenge． 解析：选A。 词义猜测题。根据画线词前“the early graduation rate of the students was just 17%．He discovered a way to connect and”可知，画线词与“关联”为并列关系，结合尾段中的“Ritz's students now not only have near-perfect attendance and graduation rates”可知，Ritz的学生出勤率和毕业率大幅上涨。由此可推断，Ritz应该是找到了能够让学生对学习感兴趣的方法，画线词与“interest”的意思最为接近。故选A。 2．What stopped the fight between the boy and the girl？ A．The radiator． B．A tasty dish． C．Some yellow flowers． D．The teacher's words． 解析：选C。细节理解题。从第三段 “To his surprise，the boy suddenly pulled out a bunch of yellow flowers and gave them to the girl as a peace offering．The girl decided to take the flowers home to her mother and peace came back．” 可知，是男孩把一束黄色的花作为和平礼物，使得男孩和女孩之间重归于好。故选C。 3．How are Ritz's students affected by his green course？ A．They have low attendance． B．They become the hardest to reach． C．They know how to make weapons． D．They fall in love with learning． 解析：选D。细节理解题。文章最后一段 “Ritz's students now not only have near-perfect attendance and graduation rates，but also great green fingers．” 表明，学生们现在出勤率和毕业率几乎完美，说明他们爱上了学习。故选D。 4．What is the best title for the text？ A．What a Classroom Needs for a Fight B．Why a Plant Has an Effect on Students C．How a Teacher Changes His Students D．How a Teacher Becomes Popular 解析：选C。标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了 Ritz 老师从植物阻止学生打架的经历中获得灵感，开设绿色课程，从而激发了学生的学习兴趣，提高了学生的出勤率和毕业率。 B (2025·浙江A9协作体高一上期中)Have you ever heard of the online topic “20 minutes for parks”？It's all about the idea that spending just 20 minutes in a park daily can help lower stress，no matter how you spend that time．This year，China sees an increasing number of young people who are choosing to hang out in parks more often． Huang Bingbing，who lives in Shenzhen，is one of them．Three years back，she started going to the small park downstairs from her office for lunch breaks on weekdays．“On that piece of grass，I could connect with living plants and animals．It allowed me to clear my mind and recover from the stress of work，” Huang explained．Huang believes parks can feel like your own secret hideaway．Being introverted(内向的)，she finds parks to be ideal relaxing zones for people like her． Yet，parks are also shared spaces．They're different from shopping malls and cinemas for a particular reason，according to young stage designer Liu Xi，who sees parks as places that disagree with consumerism (消费主义)．In parks，people can walk，boat，read under the trees，or simply be lost in thought on a long chair．“Parks offer a non-consumerist environment where one can find joy without opening their wallets，” Liu explained． Cheng Yuyan，the 25-year-old founder of the Douban interest group “We Love Strolling in the Park”，saw something interesting during her visits to parks in Japan．She noticed that locals donated park benches with their names on them．Additionally，many parks offered guidebooks detailing the history，geography and blooming schedules of the plants．Inspired by these practices，Cheng believes people can feel more connected to park by building a sense that they have part of the parks．She plans to encourage members of her Douban group to do similar things．“I hope our group takes more social responsibility．Each of us can become a protector and contributor to the parks and our city，” she said． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在中国越来越多的年轻人参与“20分钟逛公园”活动，讨论了其益处和对消费主义的态度。 5．Why does the author raise a question in Paragraph 1？ A．To seek for advice． B．To have a discussion． C．To introduce the topic． D．To express the author's doubt． 解析：选C。推理判断题。文章第一段提出 “Have you ever heard of the online topic ‘20 minutes for parks’？” 这个问题后，紧接着介绍了 “20 分钟公园(效应)” 这一话题的内容，以及今年中国年轻人更常去公园的现象，所以提出问题是为了引出话题。故选C。 6．What benefits can parks provide for more Chinese youths？ A．Lowering working stress and relaxing themselves． B．Making more friends and getting closer to nature． C．Enriching knowledge of parks and opening their eyes． D．Feeling connected to the park and enjoying fun consuming． 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第二段 “‘On that piece of grass，I could connect with living plants and animals．It allowed me to clear my mind and recover from the stress of work，’ Huang explained．” 可知，公园能让年轻人减轻工作压力，放松自己。故选A。 7．What drives Cheng Yuyan to make a new practice？ A．Her experience in Japan's parks． B．The historical guidebooks in Japan's parks． C．Her working experience in Japan． D．The foundation of parks-related interest group． 解析：选A。细节理解题。从第四段 “Cheng Yuyan，the 25-year-old founder of the Douban interest group ‘We Love Strolling in the Park’，saw something interesting during her visits to parks in Japan．．．Inspired by these practices，Cheng believes people can feel more connected to park by building a sense that they have part of the parks．” 可知，程雨嫣在日本公园的经历启发她有了新的想法，想要鼓励组员做类似的事情。故选A。 8．What is the best title for this text？ A．Parks： The Ideal Zone for Youngsters B．The Attraction of Parks： Beyond Consumerism C．20 Minutes for Parks： A Trend Among Young People D．Young People and Parks： Connecting and Contributing 解析：选C。主旨大意题。文章开篇提到 “20 minutes for parks” 这一理念，接着以 Huang Bingbing、Liu Xi、Cheng Yuyan 等年轻人为例，阐述了越来越多年轻人选择在公园度过时光，所以C项“20 分钟公园(效应)：年轻人中的一种潮流” 能概括文章主要内容，作为标题最合适。 Ⅱ．完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) Last month，Koch went to make breakfast and found a(n) 1 guest using his pool．A large moose(驼鹿)was swimming in the deep end， 2 in the solar cover (太阳能覆盖膜)． “I looked out in the backyard and there's the moose absolutely scared and 3 ，” Koch told The Dodo．“She stepped on the solar cover and put her 4 through it and she was 5 trying to get free．” Koch has noticed more wildlife around his home in Ottawa，but he had 6 seen an animal this impressive before．He rushed outside and 7 the solar cover off the poor moose，who continued swimming around the pool，proving to be a 8 skilled swimmer． The wild moose seemed to be having trouble finding her way out of the pool，so Koch called the police and wildlife services to see if they could 9 a hand．“She looked so pitifully sad out there that my wife said，‘I want to give her a 10 ．’” Workers from wildlife services intended that they would get her to a safer spot，but they couldn't 11 it until she was out of the water．“The 12 thing that happened was that after 3．5 hours she climbed out of the shallow end and 13 the fence，” Koch said． The moose 14 unhurt，but the same can't be said for Koch's pool—which now has two hoof-sized (马蹄大小的) holes in the 15 ． [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一只驼鹿误入Koch家的泳池并被困其中，Koch通过向警察和野生动物保护组织求救，帮助驼鹿从泳池脱险的故事。 1． A．informal B．ordinary C．generous D．unexpected 解析：选D。根据“A large moose(驼鹿)was swimming in the deep end”可知，这只驼鹿误入Koch家的泳池，因此它是位不速之客。an unexpected guest意为“不速之客”。informal非正式的；ordinary普通的；generous大方的；unexpected出人意料的。 2． A．attracted B．stuck C．removed D．tricked 解析：选B。根据后文“in the solar cover”可知，这只驼鹿是被太阳能覆盖膜缠住了。be stuck in意为“被困住”。attracted吸引；stuck困住；removed移除；tricked开玩笑。 3． A．struggling B．sleeping C．shouting D．searching 解析：选A。根据上文“there's the moose absolutely scared”可知，驼鹿当时非常害怕，奋力挣扎(struggling)。sleeping睡觉；shouting呼喊；searching搜寻。 4． A．shoulder B．foot C．face D．back 解析：选B。根据上文“She stepped on the solar cover”可知，驼鹿的脚(foot)踩进去而导致被困。shoulder肩膀；face脸；back后背。 5． A．regularly B．passively C．anxiously D．unwillingly 解析：选C。根据下文“trying to get free”和上文提到的“there's the moose absolutely scared”可知，驼鹿很害怕，焦急地(anxiously)想要挣脱。regularly 有规律地；passively被动地；unwillingly不情愿地。 6． A．always B．usually C．never D．sometimes 解析：选C。根据前文中的“but”可知，此句与前文构成转折关系，虽然他在周围看到过很多野生动物，但是眼前的令人印象深刻的动物他从未(never)见过。always总是；usually通常；sometimes有时候。 7． A．pulled B．called C．put D．dropped 解析：选A。根据前文可知，驯鹿被太阳能薄膜困住了，因此他冲到外面，拉掉(pulled)可怜的驼鹿身上的太阳能覆盖膜。called打电话；put放；dropped掉落。 8． A．surprisingly B．slightly C．fortunately D．simply 解析：选A。上文“who continued swimming around the pool”指出驼鹿继续在游泳池里游来游去，这证明了它是一个惊人地(surprisingly)游泳高手。slightly稍微地；fortunately幸运地；simply简单地。 9． A．donate B．recognize C．lend D．cure 解析：选C。根据上文“Koch called the police and wildlife services to see if they could”可知，Koch给警察和野生动物服务部门打电话是为了看看他们是否能帮上忙(lend a hand)。donate捐赠；recognize识别；cure治愈。 10．A．lift B．hug C．smile D．credit 解析：选B。根据上文“She looked so pitifully sad out”可知，看到这只驼鹿很悲伤，Koch的妻子想给她一个拥抱(hug)来安慰她。lift电梯；smile微笑；credit学分。 11．A．recover B．follow C．cancel D．manage 解析：选D。根据“Workers from wildlife services intended that they would get her to a safer spot”和“until she was out of the water”可知，野生动物服务部门的工作人员本打算把她带到一个安全的地方，但他们没能做到，直到她自己离开了水。manage意为“设法(做成某事)”，符合文意。recover恢复；follow跟着；cancel取消。 12．A．awkward B．best C．funniest D．strangest 解析：选B。根据下文“she climbed out of the shallow end”可知，这只驼鹿自己爬出了浅水区，这是最好的(best)事情。awkward尴尬的；funniest最有趣的；strangest最奇怪的。 13．A．broke into B．showed off C．jumped over D．let go of 解析：选C。根据“she climbed out of the shallow end”可知，这只驼鹿从泳池的浅水处逃离泳池后，跳过(jumped over)围栏。broke into闯入；showed off 炫耀；let go of放手。 14．A．escaped B．participated C．hesitated D．fainted 解析：选A。根据上文“The 12 thing that happened was that after 3．5 hours she climbed out of the shallow end and 13 the fence”可知，驼鹿在未受伤的情况下成功逃脱(escaped)。participated参加；hesitated犹豫；fainted晕倒。 15．A．top B．cover C．wall D．bottom 解析：选D。根据第一段中“A large moose(驼鹿)was swimming in the deep end”可知，这只驼鹿被困在游泳池底部。由此可知，Koch家的泳池的底部(bottom)留下了两个蹄子大小的破洞。top顶部；cover封面；wall墙。 Section Ⅱ　Using language—Attributive clauses (3) 分析下列课文原句中加黑部分 1．These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people，to whom Guangxi is home． 2．Building the terraces therefore meant that they could increase the areas in which they could grow rice． 3．But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice． 4．These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish，some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops． 5．Although modern technology could help produce more crops，these terraces still mean a lot to the local people for whom traditions hold much value． 【我的感悟】 以上5个句子都使用了“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。先行词若指物，那么介词后的关系代词用which，如第2、3、4句；若指人，则用whom，如第1、5句。 一、基本构成 在“介词＋关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，关系代词指物用which，指人用whom，不可用that或who代替。 ①There comes Tom，for whom I have been waiting an hour or so． 汤姆来了，我已经等他大约一个小时了。 ②He handed me a pen with which I wrote down his phone number． 他递给我一支钢笔，我用它记下了他的电话号码。 ③The old school has now turned into a large modern factory in which a lot of TV sets are produced every year． 这所旧学校现在已变成一个大型的现代化工厂，每年许多电视机从这里生产出来。 ————即学即练1———— 用“介词＋关系代词”填空 ①The two things of which they felt very proud were their daughter's polite behavior and excellent academic performance． ②He had a vision of a world in which there would be no wars． ③This is the teacher from whom I borrowed the book． ④A harvester is a machine with which we harvest crops or a person who is harvesting． 二、介词的选用 “介词＋关系代词”结构中的介词要根据上下文表达的具体意思，或根据先行词的习惯搭配，或根据定语从句中某些词或短语的习惯搭配来确定。 1．依据定语从句中动词或形容词等所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定。 Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous． 昨天我们游览了西湖，杭州因其而出名。 2．依据与先行词搭配的具体意义而定。 I'll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country． 我永远不会忘记我在乡村度过的童年时光。 3．表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词of。 I have about 10 books，half of which were written by Mo Yan． 我有大约10本书，其中一半是莫言写的。 4．根据所表达的意思来确定。 The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen． 这种无色的、离开它我们就无法生存的气体叫作氧气。 ————即学即练2———— 用“介词＋关系代词”填空 ①There are some occasions on which one must give in． ②Can you tell me the reason for which you didn't come to her birthday party？ ③Water is a thing without which man can't live． ④Wind power is an ancient source of energy to which we may return in the near future． 三、“介词＋关系代词”的用法拓展 1．复合介词＋关系代词 用于该结构的关系代词有which，whom和whose。常用的复合介词有because of，in front of，as a result of，at the back of等。 ①He was badly hurt in the accident，because of which he didn't go to work． 他在事故中严重受伤，因为这个原因他没去上班。 ②They arrived at a farmhouse，in front of which sat a boy． 他们来到一座农舍，农舍前面坐着一个男孩。 2．关系副词when，where，why可用“介词＋which”来代替。 ①I often think of the moment when (＝at which) I saw the UFO． 我常常想起我看见不明飞行物的那一刻。 ②The police searched the house where (＝in which) the thief had stayed． 警察搜查了那个小偷待过的房子。 ③I don't know the reason why (＝for which) he performed badly． 我不知道他为什么表现差。 ————即学即练3———— 同义句转换 ①We are in a position where we may lose a large sum of money． →We are in a position in which we may lose a large sum of money． ②We are looking forward to the day when we will get together． →We are looking forward to the day on which we will get together． ③I don't know the reason why the house is so dirty． →I don't know the reason for which the house is so dirty． 用适当的介词或关系代词填空 I have a friend，①with whom I have shared countless memories．He is a person from ②whom I have learned a lot．He is an artist in whose paintings you can see the beauty of nature．His studio，in ③which he creates those amazing works，is filled with various tools and materials，some of ④which are very rare．He often travels to places in ⑤which the scenery is breathtaking，and he makes friends with people among ⑥whom there are many other artists．These friendships，⑦from which he gains inspiration，are very precious to him． 单句语法填空 1．(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Besides，working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo's special education students，many of whom have emotional control issues． 2．(2022·全国甲卷)This special building is a place in which theatre is made． 3．(2023·全国乙卷)The African people of Benin and the Incas，all of whom appear in this book，can speak to us now of their past achievements． 4．(2020·江苏卷)Many lessons are now available online，from which students can choose for free． replace v．以……替换，更换； 把……放回原处(联想：replacement n．替换，更换；替代品，替换物) 【教材原句】　In sentence (a)，can we replace “in which” with “where” without changing the meaning？在句子(a) 中，我们可以将“in which”替换为“where”而不改变其意思吗？ 【用法归纳】 replace sb．/sth． 取代某人/某物 replace．．．with/by．．． 用……代替…… replace sb．as．．． 取代某人而成为…… 【拓展延伸】　与replace词义相近，表示“取代”的常见短语有：①take the place of ②take one's place ③in place of ④instead of。 【佳句必背】　The initial doubt was replaced by confidence as he gained more experience．(读后续写之心理描写)随着他积累了更多的经验，最初的怀疑被信心所取代。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①Although digital books are convenient，printed books are unlikely to be replaced (replace) by them in the near future． ②It's a bad idea to miss meals and replace them with/by snacks． ③The young and energetic manager will replace the retiring one as the head of the marketing department next month． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(应用文之个人观点)我个人认为商店购物绝不会被网络购物取代。 Personally，I think store shopping will never be replaced by Internet shopping． [课后分层练17] (时间：45分钟　满分：75．5分) Ⅰ．单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．The Spring Festival is one of the most important festivals in China，which reminds us of the family reunion． 2．We accepted his suggestion that the whole class be divided into three groups． 3．The shop located (locate) in the center of the town is popular with people． 4．Mother told her to separate bad apples from good ones． 5．He is famous for mixing Chinese musical traditions with western forms． 6．The Internet makes it easier for people to keep (keep) in touch with others． 7．The management did not seem to consider office safety to be a priority (prior)． 8．He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty (beautiful) of his character was seen at its best when he worked with others． Ⅱ．链接写作——完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．我哥哥曾经就读的大学很有名。 The university in which my brother once studied is very famous． 2．他有很多爱好，游泳是其中之一。 He has lots of hobbies，one of which is swimming． 3．我永远都不会忘记开始上高中的那一天。 I'll never forget the day on which I started high school． 4．历史课是我们学校每个学生都很感兴趣的课程。 History lesson is the subject in our school in which every student is interested． 5．我读过很多雷锋的故事，这是最感人的一个。 I've read many stories of Lei Feng，of which this is the most touching one． Ⅲ．链接写作——完成语段(每小题2分，共10分) If teenagers are threatened by other students at school，they may experience a tough time 1during which they may lose confidence (在此期间他们可能会失去信心) and they can't concentrate on their study at school．Some may have trouble finding friends 2with whom they can talk about their problems (他们可以和朋友们谈论他们的问题)．Others may think it useless to tell it to others．This is the main reason 3for which school bullying is not known by teachers and parents (老师和家长都不知道校园欺凌)．Actually，they can turn to parents and teachers，4with whose help the problem can be solved．The best way 5which we can prevent school bullying (我们可以防止校园欺凌) is to stop it by law and punish those who harm others． Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题2．5分，共20分) A Isatou Ceesay was born in 1972 in a small village in Gambia Africa．As a teenager，Ceesay was forced to drop out of school because of poverty．She carried some goods with many girls like her to sell in the market to raise herself．At that time，the plastic bags，being strong and light，became popular in Gambia．The problem was that people did not reuse the bags and simply threw them behind their homes．Over time，the houses were surrounded by trash． Ceesay lived in such an environment for many years．She kept learning from the surrounding environment and planned to take action to change．In 1997，she started a recycling movement called One Plastic Bag in Gambia．She educated women in Gambia to recycle plastic waste into income for themselves．In the beginning，the movement had a mission to educate their village colleagues about the need to reuse garbage and recycle plastic waste，rather than letting the garbage increase behind their homes． Over time，the movement became big and able to support and provide income for women around．It was also able to greatly reduce plastic waste in Gambia．But the work of collecting trash turned to be taxing．During the rainy season，plastic waste became wet and difficult to take，and after that it still took patience to dry it before it could be processed． Ceesay said，“As a habit，people are used to pouring their garbage behind their houses，and because it is not visible，they forget it．But the bad effects again knock on your door very quickly-dirty air，various diseases and so on．Of course，if one man's house is clean but his neighbor's is not，then the man is also not healthy．” For 17 years，Ceesay has contributed to one of the most important problems about the plastic waste．In 2012，she got the TIAW Difference Maker Award in Washington，D．C．，United States．Her story was written into a book，which inspires many others to join or become makers of change in their own communities． [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Isatou Ceesay受到自己生活环境的启发，组织One Plastic Bag活动，号召社区居民处理并回收利用塑料袋，这既能帮助当地人增加收入同时对环境也有益。 1．What can be learned about young Ceesay from Paragraph 1？ A．She gave up the chance of going to school． B．She had many friends good at doing business． C．She sold strong and light plastic bags to support herself． D．She lived in an environment heavily polluted by plastic waste． 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第一段中“At that time，the plastic bags，being strong and light，became popular in Gambia．The problem was that people did not reuse the bags and simply threw them behind their homes．Over time，the houses were surrounded by trash．”可知，Ceesay年轻时生活在一个被废弃塑料袋严重污染的环境。故选D。 2．What can we infer about Ceesay's recycling movement？ A．It aimed to make full use of natural resources to get rich． B．It was hard to carry on because of the shortage of workers． C．It benefited both people's economic situation and the environment． D．It taught the villagers to replace plastic bags with handmade ones． 解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第三段中“Over time，the movement became big and able to support and provide income for women around．It was also able to greatly reduce plastic waste in Gambia．”可知，随着时间的推移，这场运动变得越来越大，能够支持并为周围的女性提供收入，它还能够大大减少冈比亚的塑料垃圾。由此可推知，Ceesay回收运动既能帮助当地人增加收入同时对环境也有益。故选C。 3．What does the underlined word “taxing” in Paragraph 3 mean？ A．Challenging． B．pleasant． C．Dangerous． D．Successful． 解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“During the rainy season，plastic waste became wet and difficult to take，and after that it still took patience to dry it before it could be processed．”可知，收集垃圾的工作变得困难了。画线词意为“困难的”，与challenging意思相近。故选A。 4．What does Ceesay mainly intend to say in Paragraph 4？ A．Bad habits are hard to remove once formed． B．Garbage problems contribute greatly to climate change． C．Valuing the relationship between neighbors is important． D．Dealing with plastic waste is a shared responsibility in communities． 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第四段中“Of course，if one man's house is clean but his neighbor's is not，then the man is also not healthy．”可推知，Ceesay认为处理塑料垃圾是社区居民共同的责任。故选D。 B (2025·浙江特色联盟高一上期中)Working on a farm and taking care of crops can be hot，time-consuming and difficult．Engineers have long wanted to build robots to lighten the load．But it has proved a difficult task．Robots that walk or roll along the ground can step on the easily damaged plants heavily．And they have to stop working when rain turns fields muddy．“Tarzan”，however，could deal with some of those challenges． Jonathan Rogers is a robotics expert at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta．When it comes to a farm environment，he realized robots would face many problems．“Many robots tend to get twisted (弯曲的) together or get stuck，”he says．What's more，he notes，“It's very hard to leave them out for long periods without a human helping them．” What if the robot could move above the crops？Jonathan Rogers says，“The sloths (树懒) move from tree branch to tree branch to avoid having to walk around the forest floor．”Then his team set out to design a robot that could swing hand to hand along wires hung above the field．He named their invention Tarzan after the jungle-swinging character in a movie． Tarzan is not the first swinging robot．Mark Spong，a robotics researcher at the University of Texas at Dallas notes that some teams have built robots that do gymnastics or copy mammals．But he says he admires Tarzan for its using swinging movement to save energy and the idea of building a wire structure to move around above crops． Rogers first predicted that Tarzan could help farmers monitor crops with sensors (传感器) and cameras．But he also said future robots might take water to a particularly thirsty plant or fertilize one that needs nutritional support．And adding a third “hand”could allow such a robot to harvest fruits and vegetables．Finally the robot could move off the farm and into the city，helping deal with the traffic and security． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍为解决农场劳作难题，工程师研发 “Tarzan” 机器人应对挑战及展望其潜力。 5．What worried the engineers when they built the farm robots？ A．They took up too much space． B．They made the farming process slow． C．They had difficulty exploring in fields． D．They caused certain damage to crops． 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第一段 “Robots that walk or roll along the ground can step on the easily damaged plants heavily．” 可知，沿着地面行走或滚动的机器人会重重地踩到容易受损的植物，即工程师们担心建造的农场机器人会对农作物造成一定损害。故选D。 6．What does Jonathan Rogers think about most farm robots？ A．They take much time to make． B．They get out of date more easily． C．They depend too much on people． D．They get used to the environment slowly． 解析：选C。细节理解题。由第二段 “‘Many robots tend to get twisted (弯曲的) together or get stuck，’ he says．What's more，he notes，‘It's very hard to leave them out for long periods without a human helping them．’” 可知，Jonathan Rogers 认为很多机器人容易扭曲或卡住，而且如果没有人类帮助，机器人很难长时间独立工作，即它们太依赖人。故选C。 7．What attracts Mark Spong most about Tarzan？ A．Its strong wings． B．Its low cost． C．Its creative design． D．Its powerful engine． 解析：选C。推理判断题。从第四段 “But he says he admires Tarzan for its using swinging movement to save energy and the idea of building a wire structure to move around above crops．” 可知，Mark Spong 欣赏 Tarzan 利用摆动运动节省能量以及建造绳索结构在作物上方移动的想法，这些都体现了 Tarzan 的创新设计。故选C。 8．How did Jonathan Rogers feel about Tarzan's future？ A．It could be found everywhere． B．It could be put into more practical uses． C．It could be used to do all the farm work． D．It could be popular with working people in cities． 解析：选B。推理判断题。最后一段提到 Rogers 预测 Tarzan 可以帮助农民用传感器和相机监测作物，未来机器人还可能给口渴的植物浇水、给需要营养的植物施肥、增加 “手” 来收获果蔬，甚至可以离开农场进入城市帮助处理交通和安全问题，这表明他认为 Tarzan 能有更多实际用途，故选 B。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五(每小题2．5分，共12．5分) Gardening requires a lot of physical labor，extending from light exercise to heavy work．Bending，digging，lifting tools，carrying things and moving from time to time can burn calories and build muscles． 1( ) Their backs can start to hurt and so can their knees．Even the strongest and healthiest gardeners can hurt themselves．For people who are less physically fit or who have health conditions that limit movement or cause pain，gardening may seem impossible． Jessica Damiano，an expert，says there are ways to grow plants that are gentle on the body．2( ) She said she used heating pads (衬垫) on her neck and lowered her back for about 5 minutes before starting to garden．The practice helped to prepare her muscles for work．A few minutes of gentle stretching helped，too． If you want to garden，it is also a good idea to try to collect all the tools you will need before settling into your labor．3( ) It is the easiest and safest way to take and return it． Taking simple care in the way you lift and carry the objects you need can prevent injury．4( ) You can stand with your feet as far apart as your shoulders to keep your balance．If bending at all is too difficult，or if you garden while seated，grow plants in raised beds that are as tall as your chair or the middle part of your body． Use pushcarts to transport heavy supplies．When you carry weight on your own，hold heavy objects to your chest，keeping your back as straight as possible．Plant containers can be very heavy．5( ) Most importantly，limit gardening periods to between 60 and 90 minutes，and take it easy． A．Gardeners have to keep healthy and strong． B．She recently provided some relevant advice． C．However，the labor can also injure gardeners' bodies． D．Store the heaviest equipment on waist-height shelves． E．Remember to bend your knees when lifting a bag of weights． F．At first，Damiano did gardening without making preparations． G．It is best to set them where you want them before filling them． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。介绍了园艺对身体的锻炼效果以及可能引起的伤害，同时提供了一些建议，如在园艺前进行准备活动和伸展运动，收集好所有所需工具，正确举起和携带物品，使用推车运输重物，将植物种在高床上，并限制园艺时间。 1．解析：选C。根据后文可知，园艺可能会让背部开始疼痛，膝盖也会。即使是最强壮、最健康的园艺师也会伤到自己。C项“然而，这种劳动也会伤害园艺师的身体。”引起下文，符合语境。 2．解析：选B。根据前文可知，杰西卡提出了一些建议，避免在园艺工作中引起伤害。后文“She said she used heating pads(衬垫)on her neck and lowered her back for about 5 minutes before starting to garden．”提出了缓解园艺工作中的伤害的方法：在开始园艺之前在颈部和下背部使用热敷垫大约5分钟。B项“她最近提供了一些相关的建议。”中的“some relevant advice”与后文具体的建议“在开始园艺之前在颈部和下背部使用热敷垫大约5分钟”相呼应，符合语境。 3．解析：选D。根据前文可知，在开始园艺之前，先收集工作时需要的工具。D项“将最重的工具放在齐腰高的架子上。”指出如何处理这些工具。D项中“heaviest equipment”与后文的“it”形成呼应，符合语境。 4．解析：选E。根据前文可知，小心提起和搬运物品的简单方式可以预防受伤。E项“记得在提起一袋重物时弯曲膝盖。”承接前文，指出搬东西的时候弯曲膝盖是具体的小心的方式。 5．解析：选G。根据前文的“Plant containers can be very heavy．”可知，植物容器可能很重。G项“最好在填土之前先将其放到想要的位置。”解释如何处理较重的植物容器。 Ⅲ．语法填空(每小题1．5分，共15分) (2025·陕西西安高一上期中)The Suzhou Museum is a treasure of Chinese art and history，located in the elegant city of Suzhou．Designed by the well-known architect I．M．Pei，it features a harmonious 1 (combine) of traditional and modern architecture．The museum houses an extensive collection of ancient artifacts (文物)，paintings，and calligraphy 2 reflect the rich cultural heritage of the region．Visitors can wander through serene courtyards and admire the delicate water features that are characteristic of Suzhou's landscape．The museum's exhibits 3 (arrange) in a way that invites a journey through time，4 (showcase) the development of art and craftsmanship over the centuries，From the delicate brushwork of Ming Dynasty paintings 5 the impressive handwriting of Qing Dynasty calligraphy，the museum offers a visual feast 6 (pure) for the eyes and a deep dive into China's artistic heritage． The Suzhou Museum is not just a destination for art 7 (enthusiast)； it's a cultural experience that provides tourists with a chance 8 (connect) with the spirit of Suzhou．Its thoughtful design and priceless collection make it a must-see for anyone seeking to understand the soul of this charming city．Whether you're admiring the architecture 9 in awe of the artifacts，the museum promises an 10 (forgettable) encounter with the essence of Suzhou． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，介绍了苏州博物馆——一个融合了中国传统与现代建筑风格的文化艺术宝库。 1．解析：combination。考查名词。句意：它由著名建筑师贝聿铭设计，具有传统与现代建筑和谐融合的特点。根据空前形容词harmonious可知，空处需填名词作宾语，combine的名词为combination，是不可数名词，故填combination。 2．解析：that/which。考查定语从句。句意：博物馆收藏了大量反映该地区丰富文化遗产的古代文物、绘画和书法作品。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为artifacts，paintings，and calligraphy，指物，在从句中作主语，故用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 3．解析：are arranged。考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：博物馆的展品以一种邀请游客穿越时空的方式排列，展示了数百年来艺术和工艺的发展。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少谓语，根据后文“the development of art and craftsmanship over the centuries”可知，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语The museum's exhibits与arrange之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are，故填are arranged。 4．解析：showcasing。考查非谓语动词。句意：博物馆的展品以一种邀请游客穿越时空的方式排列，展示了数百年来艺术和工艺的发展。分析句子结构可知，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，showcase与逻辑主语The museum's exhibits之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填showcasing。 5．解析：to。考查介词。句意：从明代绘画的精致笔触到清代书法的令人印象深刻的笔迹，博物馆为人们提供了一场纯粹的视觉盛宴，并深入探索了中国的艺术遗产。from．．．to．．．为固定搭配，意为“从……到……”。故填to。 6．解析：purely。考查副词。句意：从明代绘画的精致笔触到清代书法的令人印象深刻的笔迹，博物馆为人们提供了一场纯粹的视觉盛宴，并深入探索了中国的艺术遗产。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰介词短语for the eyes，应用副词purely，意为“纯粹地”，故填purely。 7．解析：enthusiasts。考查名词复数。句意：苏州博物馆不仅仅是艺术爱好者的目的地；它是一种文化体验，为游客提供了与苏州精神联系的机会。enthusiast为可数名词复数，空前无冠词，故应用名词复数形式。 8．解析：to connect。考查非谓语动词。修饰名词chance，需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to connect。 9．解析：or。考查连词。句意：无论你是欣赏建筑还是敬畏文物，博物馆都承诺让你与苏州的精髓有一次难忘的邂逅。whether．．．or．．．为固定搭配，意为“无论……还是……”。故填or。 10．解析：unforgettable。考查形容词。句意：无论你是欣赏建筑还是敬畏文物，博物馆都承诺让你与苏州的精髓有一次难忘的邂逅。根据句意和空前冠词an可知，空处需填形容词作定语，forgettable的否定形式为unforgettable，意为“难忘的”，故填unforgettable。 Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas Step One　Lead-in Do you like planting flowers？Why or why not？ Yes，I like planting flowers because it makes me happy．Flowers are beautiful and colorful，and they make the environment look nicer．Planting flowers is also relaxing，and it feels good to watch them grow．It's like taking care of a small piece of nature． Step Two　Read for the main idea 1．Match the main idea with each paragraph． Para．1　　A．City residents find new ways to garden due to limited space． Para．2　　B．Gardening benefits both the environment and one's soul． Para．3　　C．Gardens serve as private and diverse spaces for the UK people． Para．4　　D．British gardening culture and its origins． 答案：Para．1—D；Para．2—C；Para．3—A；Para．4—B 2．What's mainly talked about in the text？ A．The history of gardening in different countries． B．The British people's love for and ways of gardening． C．How to grow different kinds of flowers and vegetables． D．The importance of gardens in improving air quality． 答案：B Step Three　Read for details Ⅰ．Read Para．1 carefully and do the following exercises． 1．Why the book The Secret Garden is introduced in Paragraph 1？ A．To show the author's love for gardens． B．To tell readers the book is very famous． C．To encourage readers to read this book． D．To explain the origin of Brits' love for gardening． 2．Who had gardens in Britain at first？ A．The poor．　　　　 B．The very rich． C．All people． D．Only farmers． 3．What does “green fingers” probably mean in the text？ A．Fingers that are green in color． B．A special kind of gloves for gardening． C．The ability to grow plants well． D．Fingers that are good at picking flowers． 答案：1．D　2．B　3．C Ⅱ．Read Para．2 carefully and decide if the following statements are True (T) or False (F)． 1．Many people in the UK considered their gardens as public places．(F) 2．Children plant sunflowers to see which one produces the most sunflower seeds．(F) 3．Some Brits like spending their Sunday cutting the grass best．(T) 4．Some Brits like sit under the branches of the trees．(T) Ⅲ．Read Para．3 carefully and do the following exercises． 1．Why do people in cities look for new solutions？ A．For more fun． B．To save money． C．To make friends． D．Because of limited space． 2．What is one recent idea for city gardening？ A．Turn rooftops into gardens． B．Build ground-level gardens． C．Share existing gardens． D．Rent big farms． 答案：1．D　2．A Ⅳ．Read Para．4 carefully and do the following exercises． 1．What two things are gardening good for according to the text？ A．Money and fame． B．Environment and soul． C．Health and study． D．Work and travel． 2．Where can you find the passage？ A．A science book．　　 B．A storybook． C．A magazine． D．A leaflet． 答案：1．B　2．C Step Four　Consolidation How can a person design a private garden？You can organise your presentation according to the following questions． 1．What is the first step in designing your own garden？ 2．How can you choose the right plants for your garden？ 3．What are some ways to make your garden visually appealing？ 4．How can you keep your garden healthy and beautiful？ Your presentation： 　　The first step in designing my own garden is to assess the available space and consider factors like sunlight，soil type，and climate．Once I understand the conditions，I can choose the right plants by selecting species that thrive in my environment and match my preferences，such as flowers，vegetables，or shrubs．To make my garden visually appealing，incorporate elements like color coordination，varying plant heights，and decorative features such as pathways or water features．Finally，maintain my garden by regularly watering，pruning，and fertilizing the plants，as well as removing weeds and pests to ensure it stays healthy and beautiful over time． ◎ A Love of Gardening “If you look the right way[1]，you can see that the whole world is a garden．”These words come from the author of the book The Secret Garden，first published①in 1911[2]．At that time，only the very rich in Britain had gardens．Very soon after this，homes with gardens began to be built．This is what started the British love of gardening！ Today，millions of② Brits like to say that they have“green fingers③”，with around half the population spending their free time gardening． [1]If引导条件状语从句。 [2]first published in 1911为过去分词短语作定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。 For many people in the UK，their garden is their own private world．Each spring，children plant sunflowers④ and wait to⑤ see which one is the tallest[3]．Expert⑥ gardeners know just the right corner for roses，and others spend hours trying⑦ to grow perfect vegetables to enter into competitions⑧．And while many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass[4]，some are happy just to⑨ sit under the branchesB10 of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world around them． [3]which引导宾语从句。 [4]while引导让步状语从句。 But in cities，limited space has led to⑪ people looking for⑫ new solutions．Those without outside space can rent⑬ small pieces of land on which to grow things．Today，there are over 4，000 people in London waiting for such pieces of land．One recent idea has been to turn rooftops⑭ and walls into private gardens．These gardens have helped make the cities greener and improve⑮ air quality． As well as⑯ being good for⑰ the environment，gardening is also good for the soul．What other free-time activity⑱ allows you to be at one with⑲ nature and create more beautiful living things？And if you're in any doubt⑳ about this，take a moment to reflect on㉑ this line from The Secret Garden：“Where you tend a rose．．．A thistle㉒ cannot grow．” ◎ ①publish v．出版 ②millions of 数百万的 ③green fingers 高超的种植技能 ④sunflower n．向日葵 ⑤wait to do sth．等待做某事 ⑥expert adj．内行的，专家的 ⑦spend some time (in) doing sth．花时间做某事 ⑧enter into competitions参加比赛 ⑨just to只求；仅仅为了 ⑩branch n．树枝 ⑪lead to导致；通向 ⑫look for寻找 ⑬rent v．租用，租借 ⑭rooftop n．屋顶 ⑮improve v．改进，改善 ⑯as well as 除……之外 ⑰be good for．．．对……有好处 ⑱free-time activity业余活动 ⑲be at one with与……合拍/一致 ⑳be in doubt怀疑 ㉑reflect on 仔细想 ㉒thistle n．蓟 ◎ 园艺之爱 “如果欣赏的角度对了，你会发现整个世界都是一个花园。”这些话出自1911年首次出版的《秘密花园》一书的作者。那时在英国只有非常富有的人才拥有花园。不久之后，人们开始建造带有花园的住宅。而这开始了英国人对园艺的热爱。如今，数百万的英国人喜欢说他们有“绿手指(意为擅长园艺)”，约有一半的英国人都把空闲时间用在打理花园上。 对于许多英国人来说，他们的花园就是他们自己的私人世界。每年春天，孩子们会种向日葵，等着看哪一棵(长得)最高。高明的园丁对于花园里哪个角落最适合种玫瑰都了如指掌，其他人则花费大量时间力图种出最完美的蔬菜参加竞赛。虽然许多英国人认为锄草是周日最棒的活动，但也有的人只要能坐在树下享受周围世界的美丽就心满意足了。 但在城市里，有限的空间促使人们寻找新的解决方案。那些没有室外空间的人可以租用小块的土地种植东西。如今，伦敦有超过4 000人在等着租用这样的土地。最近有一种想法是把屋顶和墙壁变成私人花园。这些花园让城市更绿，并且改善了空气质量。 除了能改善环境，园艺还能净化心灵。还有什么其他的业余活动可以让你和大自然融为一体并创造出更美丽的生物呢？如果你对此有任何疑虑，那就花点时间思考一下《秘密花园》里的这句话：“种上玫瑰的地方……蓟草无法生长。” expert adj．内行的，专家的 n．专家(联想：expertly adv．熟练地；巧妙地) 【教材原句】　Expert gardeners know just the right corner for roses，and others spend hours trying to grow perfect vegetables to enter into competitions． 高明的园丁对于花园里哪个角落最适合种玫瑰都了如指掌，其他人则花费大量时间力图种出最完美的蔬菜参加竞赛。 【用法归纳】 (1)be expert in/at (doing) sth． 精通/善于(做)某事 (2)an expert (at/in/on sth．/doing sth．) (做某事的)专家；行家；能手 【佳句必背】　Since Debbie was expert in science，her classmates would turn to her whenever they had problems in learning．(读后续写之人物描写) 因为黛比是科学小能手，所以她的同班同学无论什么时候在学习中遇到问题都会求助于她。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①Environmental experts (expert) are calling for more effective measures to protect the endangered species． ②The pianist played the difficult piece expertly (expert)，winning thunderous applause from the audience． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ③(应用文之邀请信)得知您是英文写作方面的专家，我代表英语俱乐部，真诚地邀请您就这个话题给我们做一个45分钟的在线讲座。 Knowing that you are an expert at/in/on English writing，I，on behalf of the English club，sincerely invite you to give us a 45-minute online lecture on this topic． limited adj．有限的；不多的 (联想：limit n．限度；限制；界限 v．限制；限定　limitless adj．无限制的，无界限的) 【教材原句】　But in cities，limited space has led to people looking for new solutions． 但在城市里，有限的空间促使人们寻找新的解决方案。 【用法归纳】 (1)set a limit to/on 　　　　对……设置限制 limit．．．to．．． 　　　　把……限制在……内 (2)be limited to 　　　　局限于…… 【佳句必背】　She has reached the limit of her patience．(读后续写之心理描写) 她已到了忍耐的极限。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①We have limited (limit) money for this project，so we need to be very careful with our spending． ②Parents should set a strict limit to/on their children's screen time． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ③(应用文之征稿)文章的长度应该限制在400词左右。 The length of the article should be limited to 400 words or so． benefit n．好处，益处 vt．有利于；有益于；受益(联想：beneficial adj．有益的) 【教材原句】　What are the benefits of gardening？ 园艺的好处是什么？ 【用法归纳】 (1)be of benefit to．．． 对……有益 for the benefit of 为了……的利益 (2)benefit sb．/sth． 对某人/某物有益 benefit from 从……中受益，得益于…… (3)be beneficial to．．． 对……有益；对……有好处 【佳句必背】　The practice of Tai Chi has been shown to have numerous benefits to our body．(应用文之健康生活) 练习太极拳已被证明对我们的身体有许多益处。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①Reading extensively is beneficial (benefit) to improving your language skills． ②I benefited from the advice my teacher gave me and improved my study method． ③The charity organization raised funds for the benefit of the children in poverty． 【写成佳句】　一句多译 ④据说瑜伽对人体健康大有益处。 →It is said that yoga is very beneficial to human health．(beneficial) →It is said that yoga is of great benefit to human health．(benefit) “否定词＋比较级”表示最高级 【教材原句】　And while many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass，some are happy just to sit under the branches of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world around them． 虽然许多英国人认为锄草是周日最棒的活动，但也有的人只要能坐在树下享受周围世界的美丽就心满意足了。 本句中“nothing better than”是形容词比较级与否定词连用的结构，表达最高级的含义。 【用法归纳】 (1)“否定词＋比较级”表示“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”，常用的否定词有no，not，never，nothing，nobody，hardly等。 (2)can/could＋never/not＋be＋adj．/adv．＋enough ＝can/could＋never/not＋be＋too＋adj．/adv．越……越好/再……也不为过 【佳句必背】　There was nothing she feared more than having to run a whole mile．(读后续写之心理描写) 她最害怕的事情莫过于不得不跑完整整一英里。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①No one could perform better (well) than the athlete who achieved great success in the Olympic Games． ②The new library is a wonderful place．I've never seen a more excellent (excellent) study environment． ③—What's your feeling about the new software？ —It couldn't be worse (bad)．It crashes all the time and is full of bugs． ④There is nothing more delicious (delicious) than fresh fruits in summer． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ⑤没有什么比时间更宝贵了，所以我们必须充分利用它。 Nothing is more valuable than time，so we must make full use of it． ⑥(应用文之建议信)与老人聊天时，你再礼貌也不为过。 When talking with the elderly，you can't be too polite/polite enough． 1．narrow A．adj．狭窄的　B．adj．勉强的　C．v．缩小 ①The team won the game by a narrow victory，only one goal ahead of their opponents． B ②The government is working harder now to narrow the gap between the rich and the poor． C ③(2023·全国乙卷)From Buddhist temples to museums，narrow hutong to royal palaces，it is home to more than 3，000 years of glorious history． A 2．branch ①Accidents often happen where the road branches． C ②Birds often build their nests on the branches of tall trees． A ③The company opened a new branch in a busy shopping center． B 3．写出句中加黑单词的词性及汉语意思 ①The mother will never desert her children no matter how hard the situation is．v．遗弃，抛弃 ②He washed his hands in a basin．n．盆 ③The farmers channel the stream water to their fields to help the crops grow．v．(经过通道)输送，传送 [课后分层练18] (时间：40分钟　满分：80．5分) 　 Ⅰ．单词拼写(每小题1分，共8分) 1．Lack of confidence can be a major barrier (障碍) to achieving your goals． 2．Artists often experiment with different materials (材料) to create unique artworks． 3．The school's grading system (系统) encourages students to work hard and improve their performance． 4．This restaurant is known for its special flavor (味道) of spicy chicken． 5．Companies need to understand the needs of consumers (消费者)to develop successful products． 6．The children were excited to open the box and see what was inside (在里面)． 7．Many people choose to spend their winter in Hainan Province mainly because of its warm climate (气候)． 8．Many young people rent (租用) apartments in the city center to be close to their workplaces． Ⅱ．单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．Eating a balanced diet is beneficial (benefit) to maintaining a healthy weight． 2．He was sailing (sail) towards the island，enjoying the warm sunshine and gentle breeze． 3．She has a beautiful (beauty) singing voice that can touch people's hearts． 4．When applying for this job，those with relevant work experience will have priority (prior)． 5．The chef expertly (expert) prepared a delicious meal that impressed all the guests． 6．It is expected that his new book will be published (publish) next week． 7．Having a pleasant (please) conversation with friends can brighten up your day． 8．With limited (limit) space in the room，we can't put any more furniture． 9．Traditional classrooms may be replaced (replace) by online learning platforms in the future． 10．The old man remains energetic (energy) by doing regular exercise every day． Ⅲ．完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．三年前出版的这本小说是现在最畅销的小说之一。(过去分词作定语) The novel published three years ago is one of the best-sellers now． 2．随着期末考试的临近，复习一下你的课堂笔记是个不错的主意。(with复合结构) With the final exam approaching，it's a good idea to review your class notes． 3．除了喜欢写小说，我还喜欢阅读和听音乐。(as well as) As well as writing stories，I love reading and listening to music． 4．没有什么比看到她的孩子安然无恙更幸福的了。(否定词＋比较级) There was nothing happier than seeing her children safe and sound． 5．当爱德华的父亲听到所发生的事情时，他表示非常赞同他的观点。(what引导宾语从句) When Edward's father heard what had happened，he expressed that he couldn't agree more with him． Ⅳ．课文语法填空(每小题1．5分，共15分) The book The Secret Garden，first 1published (publish) in 1911，inspires people to plant flowers．But at that time，only a few people had enough money 2to have (have) gardens．Very soon after this，many houses have been built 3with gardens and many British people are proud of their “green fingers”．In spring，children like to find the 4tallest (tall) sunflower．Some people spend much time 5growing (grow) their vegetables for competitions．However，the space on 6which to grow things is limited so people use their rooftops 7as private gardens．These gardens 8have improved (improve) the air quality and people's living 9conditions (condition) since then．Gardening is good for the environment as well as the soul．If you doubt this，reflect on this line： “10Where you tend a rose．．．A thistle cannot grow．” Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题2．5分，共10分) (2025·重庆育才中学高一上期中)A new study has found that including climate impact labels (标签) on a fast food menu influenced participants' food choices in favor of more climate-friendly items． Study lead author Julia Wolfson，associate professor in the Department of International Health at the Bloomberg School，and her co-authors wanted to test how labeling climate change impacts of fast food menu items might lead people to choose less red meat．Eating too much red meat has been linked to many health problems．Eating less red meat would also help lower greenhouse gas emissions (排放)． More than 5，000 participants were shown a sample menu and asked to choose a single item for dinner．One group of participants received a menu with non-red meat items such as chicken sandwiches labeled “low climate impact”．Another group received a menu with red meat items—burgers labeled “high climate impact”．A third control group received menus without climate labels． Both the high and low climate impact labels markedly reduced red meat choices compared to the control group．Menus with a high climate impact label on burgers increased non-beef choices by 23 percent compared to．the control group．Menus that included low climate impact labels increased non-beef choices，such as a chicken sandwich or a salad，by about 10 percent more participants than those in the control group．“These results suggest that menu labeling，particularly labels warning that an item has high climate impact，can be an effective strategy for encouraging more sustainable (可持续的) food choices in a fast food setting，” says Wolfson． While encouraging on the whole，the results suggest that positive “low climate impact” labels are less effective in encouraging sustainable food choices compared to “high climate impact” labels．At the same time，climate labels may have the unwanted side effect of making a choice seem healthier than it actually is． “An undeserved health halo (光环) given to unhealthy menu items could encourage people to overeat them，” Wolfson says．“So we have to look for labeling strategies that create ‘win-wins' for encouraging both more sustainable and healthy choices．” [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气候影响标签在快餐菜单上的使用对消费者食品选择的影响。 1．What's the aim of the new study？ A．To encourage sustainable food choices in fast food restaurants． B．To discover the impact of climate labels on fast food choices． C．To find out the connection between red meat and health problems． D．To decide the best method for labeling food products in general． 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段 “Study lead author Julia Wolfson．．．and her co-authors wanted to test how labeling climate change impacts of fast food menu items might lead people to choose less red meat．” 可知，研究的目的是测试在快餐菜单上标注气候变化影响如何引导人们减少红肉的选择，也就是探究气候标签对快餐选择的影响。故选B。 2．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？ A．The process of the study． B．The results of the study． C．The importance of the study． D．The influence of the study． 解析：选A。段落大意题。第三段主要描述了研究的过程，将 5 000 多名参与者分为三组，一组收到的菜单上非红肉食品标注 “低气候影响”，一组收到的菜单上红肉食品标注 “高气候影响”，还有一组收到无气候标签的菜单，所以该段主要讲的是研究过程。故选A。 3．What potential effect could climate labels cause？ A．They may cause confusion among consumers． B．They could make a food item seem healthier than it is． C．They might result in people consuming more red meat． D．They may lead to an increase in vegetarian choices． 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第五段“At the same time，climate labels may have the unwanted side effect of making a choice seem healthier than it actually is．” 可知，气候标签可能会产生潜在影响，使一种选择看起来比实际更健康。故选B。 4．What is Wolfson's attitude towards climate impact labels on food？ A．Supportive． B．Indifferent． C．Objective． D．Cautious． 解析：选C。推理判断题。Wolfson 既看到了气候影响标签在促进可持续饮食选择上的积极效果，又清醒地认识到其可能引发的负面问题，这种全面看待事物的方式体现了她客观的态度。故选C。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五(每小题2．5分，共12．5分) (2025·江苏无锡长泾中学高一上期中)If you've ever had an indoor plant that's quickly withered (枯萎)，you might believe that you don't have a green thumb or you're not cut out for growing plants．1( ) The truth is that anyone can be a good plant owner．Below，we'll walk you through something you need to know to care for your indoor plants． Keep potting soil moist (湿润)，but not wet．If your soil is either too dry or overwatered，it can damage the plant's roots．2( ) What you should do is follow guidelines on how often to water it by doing research on its specific type． Select an area in your house that gets sufficient sunlight．Plants require sunlight in order to undergo photosynthesis (光合作用)．3( ) Instead，give them plenty of indirect light by putting them in a well-lit room．Besides，don't move your plants around a lot as plants adapt themselves to their surroundings fairly slowly． 4( ) There are a variety of online materials you can find that will detail how you should care for the specific type of houseplant you own，including recommended humidity levels，sunlight exposure guidelines and watering guides．Most plants sold in mixed species baskets or pots need to be separated．They are grouped for appearance and not the requirements of the species． Choose a plant that's easy to care for．Certain tropical (热带的) plants require specific environments in order to survive，while other plants are easy to care for．For example，Chinese evergreen or painted drop tongue (Aglaonema) is commonly seen in public displays．5( ) This kind of plant drops its lower leaves over time but can easily be rooted in water． A．It is an easy low light plant． B．Pay attention to their surroundings． C．Sunshine is essential for their growth． D．We're here to tell you that's not the case！ E．Avoid putting the plants in direct sunlight． F．Learn your plants' classification at length． G．This will prevent the plant from growing． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何种植植物，成为好的植物养护者。 1．解析：选D。前文提到人们认为室内植物枯萎是自己不擅长种植，后文指出任何人都能成为好的植物养护者，说明前文观点是错误的，D 项 “我们在这儿告诉你情况并非如此！” 起到承上启下的作用，反驳前文观点并引出下文。 2．解析：选G。上句提到土壤过干或浇水过多会损害植物根系，G项 “这会阻止植物生长。” 中的 “This” 指代前文土壤问题对根系的损害，进一步说明这种损害带来的后果，与段首“保持盆栽土壤湿润，但不要弄湿。”相呼应，强调了保持土壤适当湿润的重要性。故选G项。 3．解析：选E。上文提到植物需要阳光进行光合作用，后文提到要给植物充足的间接光，不要让它们接受直射光。E项 “避免将植物置于直射阳光下。” 承接了上文提到的阳光需求，又引出了下文的间接光照建议。 4．解析：选F。本空位于段首，需要概括本段的主题。根据下文可知，有很多在线资料详细说明如何养护特定种类的室内植物，还提到混合种植的植物需要分开，因为要考虑不同种类植物的需求，F 项 “详尽了解你所养植物的类别。” 能概括该段主旨。 5．解析：选A。前文提到万年青这种植物容易养护，A 项 “它是一种容易养护且耐阴的植物。” 进一步说明万年青容易养护以及对光照需求低的特点，与前文呼应。 Ⅲ．语法填空(每小题1．5分，共15分) (2025·山西晋城高一上期中)The Secret Garden，written by Frances Hodgson Burnett，is a classic children's novel first 1 (publish) in 1911．The story centers on Mary Lennox，a sickly and unloved 10-year-old girl who is sent 2 (live) with her lonely uncle，Archibald Craven，at his big，dark house in the English countryside after her parents die of a 3 (sick) in India． Mary，who is firstly unhappy and difficult to get along with，finds a hidden，wild garden on her uncle's land．4 the help of a kind servant，Martha，and her brother Dickon，who has a magical way with animals and plants，and Mary's sick cousin Colin，Mary 5 (work) to make the garden beautiful again．As the garden comes to life，so does Mary，becoming a 6 (healthy) and happier child． The secret garden becomes 7 place of healing (治愈) and growth for both Mary and Colin．Colin，8 thought he would always be sick and die young，gets stronger and more confident as he spends time in the garden．As the garden comes back to life，so do Mary and Colin．This shows how nature and positive thinking can help people feel better both inside and out． Through the discovery of the garden and the friendships she forms，Mary learns about love，friendship，and the importance of 9 (care) for others．The Secret Garden is a heartwarming tale about the power of nature，the importance of developing relationships，and the ability of positive change to transform lives．10 (it) timeless themes continue to attract readers of all ages． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了《秘密花园》这本书，该书主要讲述了病弱孤独的玛丽在发现并恢复一座隐蔽的花园后，与表弟科林一起得到治愈和成长的故事，展现了自然和积极思维的治愈力量。 1．解析：published。考查非谓语动词。句意：弗朗西斯·霍奇森·伯内特的《秘密花园》是1911年首次出版的经典儿童小说。本句中动词is是谓语动词，动词publish作定语，被修饰名词novel和动词publish之间为被动关系，故用过去分词published。 2．解析：to live。考查非谓语动词。句意：故事以玛丽·伦诺克斯(Mary Lennox)为中心，她是一个体弱多病、无人疼爱的10岁女孩，当其父母在印度因病去世后，她被送去和孤独的叔叔阿奇博尔德·克雷文(Archibald Craven)在英国乡村的大房子里生活。be sent to do sth．意为“被送去做某事”，故用动词不定式形式。 3．解析：sickness。考查名词。根据空前冠词a可知，本空应用名词sickness。 4．解析：With。考查介词。句意：在一个善良的仆人玛莎和她的弟弟狄肯(他对动物和植物有神奇的方法)以及玛丽生病的表弟科林的帮助下，玛丽努力使花园重新变得美丽。with the help of 意为“在……的帮助下”，故本空应用介词With。 5．解析：works。考查动词时态。句意：在一个善良的仆人玛莎和她的弟弟狄肯(他对动物和植物有神奇的方法)以及玛丽生病的表弟科林的帮助下，玛丽努力使花园重新变得美丽。根据前后文动词时态可知，本空应用一般现在时，且句子主语为第三人称单数，故本空应用works。 6．解析：healthier。考查形容词比较级。句意：随着花园焕发生机，玛丽也是如此，成为一个更健康、更快乐的孩子。根据空后and happier可知，本空应用比较级形式。 7．解析：a。考查冠词。句意：这个秘密花园成了玛丽和科林治愈和成长的地方。place为可数名词单数，此处表示“一个……的地方”，且place的首个发音音素为辅音，故用不定冠词。 8．解析：who。考查定语从句。句意：科林以为自己会一直生病，早逝，但随着他在花园里的时间越来越长，他变得越来越强壮和自信。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰名词Colin，本空在从句中作主语、指人，故用关系代词who。 9．解析：caring。考查非谓语动词。句意：通过花园的发现和她建立的友谊，玛丽学会了爱、友谊和关心他人的重要性。根据空前介词of 可知，本空应用动名词作宾语。 10．解析：Its。考查代词。句意：《秘密花园》是一个温暖人心的故事，讲述了自然的力量、发展人际关系的重要性，以及积极改变生活的能力。空后为名词themes，故本空应为形容词性物主代词Its。 Section Ⅳ　Writing—Writing a summary 　本单元的写作任务是概要写作，主题为人与自然。概要写作的阅读材料词数一般为300左右。要求考生在阅读原文后根据其内容写出一篇约60词的内容概要。概要所用语句不得抄写原文，既要用词准确，结构合理，语义连贯，又要能概括出文章的中心大意。 第1步：要点获取 要点的获取过程就是文本的解读过程，对于结构清晰的段落，可以通过筛选主题句找出要点，但是并不是所有文章都可以直接找出主题句，对于主题句不明确的文章或段落，也可以使用找关键词或设计问题的方法。 (1)筛选主题句：主题句是指能够概括全文或者整个段落的关键句。通常情况下自然段是由主题句和细节句组成的，段落可以是总—分或是分—总结构。因此一个段落的主题句通常位于段落的首尾。 (2)寻找关键词：在实际写作中，我们会发现某些段落并不能直接找出主题句，那么，可以通过找出段落关键词，进而连词成句，得出段落要点。 第2步：要点转述 概要写作对“使用自己的语言”提出了较高的要求，这就要求学生不照抄原文，进行自主表达。可以从下面四个方向进行转述。 (1)同义替换：指的是用相同意义的单词、短语、句子成分或者句子代替原文中的要点词句。 (2)语态转换：就是把句子在主动语态和被动语态之间进行转换。 (3)词性改变：在进行要点转换的过程中，由于词汇量或其他原因，可能会遇到某些词很难找到同义词。这时，可以尝试改变该词词性，如把动词改成名词或者把形容词改成名词等。 (4)句子重构：只有掌握了多种形式的句式，如定语从句、非谓语动词等，才能写出层次清晰、内容简练的文章。概要写作在语言表达上也要求“以简为贵”。 第3步：要点衔接 (1)顺序：firstly/to begin with/to start with首先；then/next然后； furthermore/in addition其次；finally最后。 (2)对比：on the one hand．．．on the other hand．．．一方面……另一方面……；for one thing．．．for another (thing)．．．一方面……另一方面……；on the contrary与此相反；compared to与……相比。 (3)递进：even甚至；besides除了……之外(还)；what's more还有；moreover而且；furthermore此外；in addition另外。 (4)例证：as a matter of fact/in fact 事实上；such as/for example/for instance例如。 (5)因果：thanks to/owing to多亏；as a result结果；because of/as a result of/on account of/due to因为；for this reason由于这个原因。 (6)总结：in short总之；generally speaking一般来说；briefly/in brief简言之。 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 Meeting Bears in National Parks Bears and humans often meet in National Parks．Although campers and hikers are warned not to feed the bears，many people ignore these warnings and feed the bears anyway．When bears are used to people's food，problems soon arise． Bears like to eat a wide variety of things，both meat and vegetables．Without human assistance，bears live nicely on roots，twigs，leaves of trees，insects and small animals．With people around，the bears' tastes quickly expand to include sandwiches，hot dogs，hamburgers，and anything else they can tempt humans into giving up． Bears often develop clever strategies for getting people to let go their food supplies．More often than not，an unsuspecting hiker has taken off his or her pack for a rest only to have a bear charge out of the woods，grab the pack and quickly disappear into the underbrush with it．Hanging the pack on a tree branch won't help．Bears have been known to climb up，jump off，and catch the pack on the way down．One mother bear stretched up with her baby on her shoulders to reach a pack stored on a pole．Many bears threaten people into giving up their supplies．Although a bear is unlikely to attack a person and would probably run away if screamed at，few people are willing to do so．Most people drop the pack and run the other way．This，of course，delights the bear．In some places，the Park Service has installed some metal barrels with lids to help campers keep their supplies safe from bears．Although the bears are unable to open these containers，the effort has been less than successful．Most campers，unable to tell the metal drums from rubbish cans，never use them for the intended purpose． 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Step 1：要点获取 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了人类错误投喂熊的行为所带来的问题。全文共分三段，每段的中心大意如下： Step 2：要点转述 要点1 根据第一段Although campers and hikers are warned not to feed the bears，many people ignore these warnings and feed the bears anyway．和第二段With people around，the bears' tastes quickly expand to include sandwiches，hot dogs，hamburgers，and anything else they can tempt humans into giving up． 可概括为：In National Parks，people tend to feed the bears despite warnings，helping expand their tastes to include human food． 要点2 根据第三段Bears often develop clever strategies for getting people to let go their food supplies．和Hanging the pack on a tree branch won't help． 可概括为：Bears develop various smart ways to get people's food supplies，and people are helpless in handling it． 要点3 根据第三段In some places，the Park Service has installed some metal barrels with lids to help campers keep their supplies safe from bears． 可概括为：The Park Service has provided devices for people to store supplies． 要点4 根据第三段Most campers，unable to tell the metal drums from rubbish cans，never use them for the intended purpose． 可概括为：Regarded as rubbish cans，they are rarely used． Step 3：要点衔接 利用衔接过渡词汇，使各要点之间完整连贯 In National Parks，people tend to feed the bears despite warnings，helping expand their tastes to include human food．(要点1) Bears develop various smart ways to get people's food supplies，and people are helpless in handling it．(要点2)Therefore，the Park Service has provided devices for people to store supplies．(要点3)However，regarded as rubbish cans，they are rarely used．(要点4) 主题：人与自然 情感 描写 ①pleasant　adj．令人愉快的 ②pleased adj．高兴的；喜欢的；满意的 ③harmony 　　　　　　　n．融洽相处，和谐 ④as white as a sheet 面无血色 动作 描写 ①prevent v．阻挡，防止 ②harm v．伤害，损害 ③wrap v．包，裹 ④wrap one's arms around 拥抱 ⑤by design 故意地 环境 描写 ①shallow 　　　　　adj．浅的 ②waterfall n．瀑布 ③tunnel n．隧道 ④desert n．沙漠，荒漠 ⑤climate n．气候 ⑥branch 　　　　n．树枝 ⑦thunder v．打雷 ⑧sheet n．(冰或水等的)一大片 ⑨grand adj．宏伟的，壮丽的 ⑩soil n．土壤 [语段情景用]　Dad and I decided to plant some flowers in the garden．At the thought of 1．creating a pleasant and harmonious space (打造一个令人愉快又和谐的空间)，we got started immediately．Dad showed me 2．how to dig proper-depth holes (如何挖出深度合适的坑)．“Not too shallow，” he cautioned，“or the roots won't develop well．” As I was about to put the seeds in，a strong wind blew．I panicked，trying my best to 3．prevent the seeds from being blown away (阻止种子被吹走)．Dad quickly rushed over，shielding the seeds with his body．“Don't worry，son，” he comforted me．Finally，with the seeds safely in the hole，we 4．covered them with soil (用土盖上它们)．Looking at the newly-planted seeds，I 5．had a sense of achievement (有一种成就感)．With the task done，we stood up，feeling pleased． 单元过关检测卷(六) [Unit 6] (满分：120分　时间：100分钟) 第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2．5分，满分37．5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A (2025·山东聊城高一上学期期中) Visit New York Botanical Garden New York Botanical Garden (NYBG) is an advocate for the plant world．We welcome all to learn about the importance of plant science and the joy of gardening． ◆Upcoming Events Holiday Train Show November 19，2024—January 16，2025 NYBG's Holiday Train Show—a favorite holiday tradition has been making memories for over 30 years！ See model trains pass through a wonderful display of more than 190 replicas (复制品) of New York landmarks，each recreated from natural materials． ◆T．H．EVERETT： A Life In Plants January 17，2025—January 22，2025 Through T．H．Everett's archive (档案) held by the LuEsther T．Mertz Library，we explore this influential man's extraordinary career，from his modest beginnings in England and early training at Royal Botanic Gardens，to his path to New York Botanical Garden． ◆Opening Times January：10：00 a．m．～4：00 p．m． February—March：10：00 a．m．～5：00 p．m April—September：10：00 a．m．～6：00 p．m． October：10：00 a．m．～5：00 p．m． November—December：10：00 a．m．～4：00 p．m． ◆Admission All visitors need tickets for entry to the Garden．Purchase at the Garden or reserve your tickets in advance online and display them on your mobile device for quicker entry． Category Pricing Adult ＄15 Senior (65＋) ＄7 Student (with ID) ＄7 Child (4－12) ＄4 Child under 4 Free [语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。介绍了纽约植物园即将开展的活动及入场费和时间等详细信息。 1．What can visitors in NYBG do on January 17，2025？ A．Learn about T．H．Everett's career life． B．Create replicas of New York landmarks． C．Take a sightseeing train to tour around NYBG． D．Watch a show held by Royal Botanic Gardens． 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据◆T．H．EVERETT： A Life In Plants部分中“January 17，2025—January 22，2025．Through T．H．Everett's archive (档案) held by the LuEsther T．Mertz Library，we explore this influential man's extraordinary career．．．”可知，在 2025 年 1 月 17 日，游客可以通过LuEsther T．Mertz图书馆收藏的T．H．Everett的档案，了解这位有影响力的人物非凡的职业生涯。故选A。 2．Which of the following is a suitable time to visit NYBG？ A．January 10 at 5：00 p．m． B．March 4 at 4：00 p．m． C．October 12 at 6：00 p．m． D．November 5 at 9：00 a．m． 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据◆Opening Times部分信息可知，3月的开放时间是上午10点到下午5点，B项 “March 4 at 4：00 p．m．”在开放时间内。故选B。 3．What is the admission fee for two seniors with a 3-year-old kid？ A．＄7． B．＄14． C．＄18． D．＄34． 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据◆Admission的价格表可知，65 岁以上老人门票价格是 7 美元，4 岁以下儿童免费。所以两位老人和一个 3 岁小孩的门票费用是7×2＋0＝14美元。故选B。 B Turning soil，pulling weeds，and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids．And at first it is，says Abby Jaramillo，who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts，a school garden program at four low-income schools．The program aims to help students develop science skills，environmental awareness，and healthy lifestyles． Jaramillo's students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores．“The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks，” she says．“They come to us thinking vegetables are awful，dirt is awful，insects are awful．” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt，most are eager to try something new． Urban Sprouts' classes，at two middle schools and two high schools，include hands-on experiments such as soil testing，flower-and-seed dissection，tastings of fresh or dried produce，and work in the garden．Several times a year，students cook the vegetables they grow，and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools． Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes．“We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they're eating differently，” Jaramillo says． She adds that the program's benefits go beyond nutrition．Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens．Besides，working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo's special education students，many of whom have emotional control issues．“They get outside，” she says，“and they feel successful．” [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生种植蔬菜，对学生影响深远。 4．What do we know about Abby Jaramillo？ A．She used to be a health worker． B．She grew up in a low-income family． C．She owns a fast food restaurant． D．She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts． 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第一段 “Abby Jaramillo，who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts，a school garden program at four low-income schools” 可知，Abby Jaramillo 是 Urban Sprouts 这个花园项目的发起者之一。故选D。 5．What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program？ A．The kids' parents distrusted her． B．Students had little time for her classes． C．Some kids disliked garden work． D．There was no space for school gardens． 解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第二段中“‘They come to us thinking vegetables are awful，dirt is awful，insects are awful．’ Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt，most are eager to try something new．”可知，刚开始学生们认为蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆虫也很可恶。可推知，在项目之初，一些学生不喜欢园艺工作。故选C。 6．Which of the following best describes the impact of the program？ A．Far-reaching． B．Predictable． C．Short-lived． D．Unidentifiable． 解析：选A。推理判断题。文章提到这个项目不仅让学生吃更多蔬菜，还让一些学生对园艺感兴趣并自己在家种菜，对有情绪控制问题的特殊教育学生也有镇静的效果，说明这个项目的影响是深远的。故选A。 7．What can be a suitable title for the text？ A．Rescuing School Gardens B．Experiencing Country Life C．Growing Vegetable Lovers D．Changing Local Landscape 解析：选C。标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了 Urban Sprouts 项目通过让学生参与园艺活动，使学生从厌恶蔬菜到喜欢蔬菜，还带来了其他多方面的积极影响，所以 “Growing Vegetable Lovers(培养蔬菜爱好者)” 能很好地概括文章内容。 C (2025·山东青岛第十九中学高一上期中)It happens countless times a day．A flower's bright color and the smell of sweet nectar (花蜜) attract a bee．The bee stops by for a quick taste and small grains of pollen (花粉) stick to its body．The bee then travels to another flower of the same type and leaves the pollen as it has another meal．This is an example of animal pollination (授粉)—a process extremely important to plant reproduction． It's not only plants that depend on animal pollination—humans do，too．Worldwide，nearly a thousand plants that we grow for food，spices，clothing fibers，and medicine depend on it．If pollination suddenly stopped，we would have no apples，tomatoes，coffee，and many other goods．This important process is carried out by more than 200，000 different animal species known as pollinators．Flies and beetles—the original pollinators—date back 130 million years to the first flowering plants．Birds，butterflies，and ants also do their part．Even nonflying mammals help out： monkeys tear open flowers with their hands，accidentally spreading pollen into the air and onto their fur． Pollinators are therefore important，but they are also at risk．Climate change，habitat loss，and invasive predators (入侵捕食者) all threaten them．The United States，for example，has lost over 50 percent of its honeybees over the past ten years．A serious threat facing bees is colony collapse disorder，when worker bees mysteriously disappear from their colony．Scientists are still trying to identify its cause． There is a quote said by Einstein that if bees ever disappeared，man would only have four years left to live．“Whether that's true or not does not really matter，” says wildlife photographer Louie Schwartzberg，“the key point is that there is a real danger．” “The healthiest food we need to eat，” he says，“would disappear without pollinating plants．It's pretty serious．” [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了蜜蜂授粉对生态和人类的重要意义及这一方式所面临的威胁。 8．What might be left on flower B，as is shown in the picture？ A．Nectar． B．Pollen． C．Leaves． D．Fur． 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第一段中“The bee stops by for a quick taste and small grains of pollen (花粉) stick to its body．The bee then travels to another flower of the same type and leaves the pollen as it has another meal．”可知，一只蜜蜂从一朵花上飞到另一朵花上后会留下花粉。由此可知，图中蜜蜂从花朵A飞到花朵B上，可能会在花朵B上留下花粉。故选B。 9．What can be inferred from Paragraph 2？ A．Pollination means a lot to fruits and grains． B．Humans won't be affected without pollination． C．Monkeys are involved in pollination on purpose． D．Flies and birds are among the original pollinators． 解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第二段中“Worldwide，nearly a thousand plants that we grow for food，spices，clothing fibers，and medicine depend on it．If pollination suddenly stopped，we would have no apples，tomatoes，coffee，and many other goods．”可知，全球近千种供人类食用、作香料、制衣纤维和入药的植物都依赖授粉，若授粉停止，苹果、番茄、咖啡等诸多农产品都将消失。可推知，授粉对水果和谷物意义重大，故选A。 10．What threat are honeybees faced with？ A．Invasive predators． B．Habitat loss． C．Colony collapse disorder． D．Climate change． 解析：选C。细节理解题。依据第三段 “A serious threat facing bees is colony collapse disorder，when worker bees mysteriously disappear from their colony．” 可知，蜜蜂面临的一个严重威胁是蜂群崩溃失调。故选C。 11．What does the underlined phrase “a real danger” in the last paragraph refer to？ A．A threat to human survival． B．The shortage of food． C．A drop in the number of bees． D．The disappearance of healthy food． 解析：选A。词义猜测题。最后一段提到爱因斯坦所说倘若蜜蜂消失，人类只能生存四年，接着指出 “the key point is that there is a real danger”，随后又提到 “‘The healthiest food we need to eat，’ he says，‘would disappear without pollinating plants．It's pretty serious．’”，表明没有授粉植物，人类所需的健康食物会消失，从而威胁到人类生存，所以 “a real danger” 指的是对人类生存的威胁。故选A。 D (2025·山西省高一上期中)Climate change is stressing rainforests where the highly sensitive cocoa bean grows，but chocolate lovers need not despair，say companies that are researching other ways to grow cocoa or develop cocoa substitutes (替代品)． California Cultured，a plant cell culture company，is growing cocoa from cell cultures at a facility in West Sacramento，California，with plans to start selling its products next year．It puts cocoa bean cells and sugar water together so they reproduce quickly and reach maturity in a week rather than the six to eight months a traditional harvest takes，said Alan Perlstein，the company's chief executive．The process also no longer requires as much water or labor． The sales of chocolate candy around the world reached ＄238．5 billion in 2024，research website Statista reported．Sales in the United States alone reached more than ＄25 billion in 2024，the National Confectioners Association said．The price of cocoa rose quickly earlier this year because of demand and troubles with the crop in West Africa due to plant diseases and changes in weather．The region produces the most of the world's cocoa． The push to produce cocoa indoors in the US comes after other products，such as chicken meat，have already been grown in labs．It also comes as supermarket shelves fill with snack options—something that developers of cocoa alternatives say shows people are ready to try what looks and tastes like a chocolate chip cookie even if the chip contains a cocoa substitute． While some are seeking to create alternative cocoa sources and substitutes，others are trying to improve the supply of cocoa where it naturally grows．Mars，which makes M & Ms and Snickers，has a research facility at University of California，Davis aimed at making cocoa plants more resilient so that they are able to recover more easily and quickly from unpleasant environments，said Joanna Hwu，the company's senior director of cocoa plant science．The facility hosts a living collection of cocoa trees so scientists can study what makes them resistant to more diseases to help farmers in producing countries and ensure a stable supply of beans． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了面对气候变化导致可可产量减少的情况，各家公司正在想方设法种植可可和生产可可替代品。 12．What can we say about products from California Cultured？ A．They are produced at a quick speed． B．They have been on sale． C．They require more labor to make． D．They contain no water． 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第二段 “California Cultured．．．puts cocoa bean cells and sugar water together so they reproduce quickly and reach maturity in a week rather than the six to eight months a traditional harvest takes” 可知，California Cultured 公司通过细胞培养的方式种植可可，其产品成熟只需一周，相比传统收获方式的六到八个月速度很快。故选A。 13．What conclusion can we draw from Paragraph 3？ A．West Africa is facing an economic crisis． B．The worldwide market for chocolate is huge． C．The US produces the most cocoa in the world． D．The supply of chocolate goes beyond its demand． 解析：选B。推理判断题。第三段指出 “The sales of chocolate candy around the world reached ＄238．5 billion in 2024”，仅美国 2024 年巧克力糖果销售额就超过 250 亿美元，且提到因需求及西非可可作物问题导致可可价格上涨，这些都表明全球巧克力市场规模巨大。故选B。 14．What does the author want to show by mentioning chicken meat？ A．A reason for eating less chocolate． B．An inspiration for cocoa substitutes． C．A method of keeping a balanced diet． D．A cause of picking more types of meat． 解析：选B。推理判断题。第四段提到 “The push to produce cocoa indoors in the US comes after other products，such as chicken meat，have already been grown in labs．”，表明鸡肉等产品在实验室的培育成功，推动了美国室内种植可可或开发可可替代品的尝试，所以提到鸡肉是为了说明可可替代品开发的灵感来源。故选B。 15．How does Mars deal with the challenge facing cocoa trees？ A．By creating their alternatives． B．By growing them somewhere else． C．By increasing their resistance． D．By planting them in large numbers． 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段 “Mars．．．has a research facility at University of California，Davis aimed at making cocoa plants more resilient so that they are able to recover more easily and quickly from unpleasant environments” 可知，Mars公司在加州大学戴维斯分校设立研究机构，旨在提高可可植物的自我修复能力，即增强它们对不良环境的抵抗力。故选C。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2．5分，满分12．5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2025·江苏扬州高一上期中)Having a dog is good for your health．16( ) You need to organize your day well and adjust (调整) it for your dog's daily walking needs．Here are some safe dog walking tips． 17( ) Of course，the situation may happen when you badly need to go，for example，to a shop and then you have to leave the dog on a leash (狗链)．But you must not often leave the animal like this because you endanger its life．And the dog can be a danger to people on the street． Pick less visited places．When choosing a place for walking with a dog，you had better pick less visited squares and parks，and other less popular areas where there are only a small number of people．18( ) Take the best number of walks in a day for your dog．Though even just one walk every day may be enough for smaller dogs，high-energy dogs will need more than that．19( ) The question of how much time to walk is also important．The best choice is to prepare at least 40 minutes for a walk with your dog． Take your dog to meetups．Dogs enjoy meetups with other dogs．Plan dog meetups and group-walks for your dog to play with other dogs．Walking in a group means you get to share experiences with other dog owners as well．20( ) So take your dog out to meet up with other dogs．It is good for their health． A．Never leave your dog alone on walks． B．However，walking your dog can cost you much time． C．These are safe places to do fun outdoor games for your dog． D．So you need to know your dog and find out its energy level． E．The best dog owners are those who often go to different shops． F．Social meetups help make sure that your dog becomes a friendly pet． G．You，as the owner，should pay attention to everything that your dog eats． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几条安全遛狗的小贴士。 16．解析：选B。前文介绍养狗对你的健康有益，后文介绍你需要好好地安排你的一天，并根据你的狗每天的散步需求进行调整。B项“然而，遛狗会花费你很多时间。”起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。 17．解析：选A。该段提到 “But you must not often leave the animal like this because you endanger its life．And the dog can be a danger to people on the street．”，强调不能经常把狗单独留在街上，因为会危及狗的生命且可能对路人造成危险，所以 A 选项 “遛狗时绝不要让狗狗独自待着。” 作为段落主旨句，概括了该段内容。 18．解析：选C。设空处位于段尾，是对前文的总结。前文介绍选择游客较少的地方，在选择遛狗的地方时，你最好选择人迹罕至的广场和公园，以及其他较少有人去的地方。C项“这些都是安全的地方，可以让你的狗狗在这做有趣的户外游戏。”承接上文。C项中的“These”指代前文提到的人少的地方。 19．解析：选D。前文提到虽然对于体型较小的狗来说，每天只遛一次可能就足够了，但精力充沛的狗需要的更多。说明不同精力水平的狗遛弯的需求不同，D项“所以你需要了解你的狗，弄清楚它的精力水平。”承接上文，符合文意。 20．解析：选F。前文建议带你的狗去参加聚会，狗喜欢和其他狗聚会。后文介绍带你的狗出去和其他狗见面，这对它们的健康有好处。F 项“社交聚会有助于确保你的狗成为友好的宠物。” 进一步阐述了带狗参加聚会的好处，即让狗变得友好。 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Many schools today have gardens．School gardens are planted by students and teachers and are filled with 21 ，often roses，sunflowers and vegetables．Whether the 22 is large or small，the students and school community who 23 the plants benefit from it a lot．Teachers can find creative ways to use school gardens as part of their 24 ．For example，science teachers can 25 a school garden to help students learn how plants grow． 26 teachers can ask students to draw plants．The 27 possibilities are endless． There are many benefits for the students who work in the school gardens．One of the most 28 things they learn is responsibility．By caring for their 29 ，they learn the importance of responsibility．Gardens also provide lots of chances for 30 ．Students work together to plant，and care for the plants as they grow．They see a whole course that depends on the class working together as a team．A school garden not only benefits the whole 31 ； it also benefits the whole community！ By 32 community members to help take care of the garden，students can get to 33 the people in their community．The food grown in the garden can be 34 to the local poor people，which will make students feel 35 about helping their neighbors． On the whole，starting a school garden can be a wise choice for a school． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。如今，各个学校内部都设有园圃，如果能好好利用，学校、社区和学生都能从中获益良多。 21．A．fruits B．flowers C．grass D．trees 解析：选B。根据下文的“roses，sunflowers”可知，园圃里种了很多花(flowers)。fruits水果；grass草；trees树。 22．A．office B．classroom C．playground D．garden 解析：选D。根据上文的“Many schools today have gardens”可知，本文主要是对学校园圃(garden)进行讨论。office办公室；classroom教室；playground操场。 23．A．collect up B．clean up C．care for D．look for 解析：选C。根据下文“Students work together to plant，and care for the plants as they grow．”可知，此处表示“照料”(care for)植物。collect up收集；clean up清理；look for寻找。 24．A．labs B．skills C．games D．lessons 解析：选D。根据下文“For example，science teachers can 25 a school garden to help students learn how plants grow．”可知，这次表示老师们把园圃当作教学课程(lessons)的一部分。labs实验室；skills技巧；games游戏，比赛。 25．A．change B．find C．use D．fix 解析：选C。根据上文“Teachers can find creative ways to use school gardens as part of their 24 ．”可知，此处表示科学老师利用(use)花园来教学。 change改变；find发现；fix安装。 26．A．Art B．Maths C．Music D．Language 解析：选A。根据下文的“ask students to draw plants”可知，这里是美术(art)老师。maths数学；music音乐；language语言。 27．A．medical B．educational C．scientific D．future 解析：选B。由上文对教学方面的描述可知，在学校园圃内，教育的(educational)可能性是无止境的。medical医学的；scientific科学的；future将来的。 28．A．special B．important C．difficult D．interesting 解析：选B。根据下文的“By caring for their 29 ，they learn the importance of responsibility．”可知，此处表示责任心是学生们学到的最重要的(important)事情之一。special特别的；difficult困难的；interesting有趣的。 29．A．parents B．plants C．teachers D．classmates 解析：选B。根据下文的“and care for the plants”可知，学生们会学习如何照料植物(plants)。parents父母；teachers教师；classmates同学。 30．A．jobs B．success C．homework D．teamwork 解析：选D。根据下文的“Students work together to plant”可知，学生们一起种植所以会有很多团队合作(teamwork)的机会。jobs工作；success成功；homework作业。 31．A．world B．society C．school D．country 解析：选C。根据上文的园圃给学校带来的益处及下文的“it also benefits the whole community”可知，从园圃中受益的不仅是学校(school)。world世界；society社会；country国家。 32．A．following B．forcing C．expecting D．allowing 解析：选D。根据“students can get to 33 the people in their community”可知，这里是指允许(allowing)社区成员帮忙照料园圃。following跟随；forcing强迫；expecting期望。 33．A．remember B．visit C．know D．tell 解析：选C。根据上文的“community members to help take care of the garden”可知，社区成员帮忙照料园圃的同时，学生们就会认识(know)同一个社区的人。remember记得；visit参观；tell告诉。 34．A．sent B．introduced C．sold D．returned 解析：选A。根据下文的“helping their neighbors”可知，应该是把园圃里长出来的食物送给(sent)当地穷人。introduced介绍；sold卖；returned返回。 35．A．sad B．nervous C．proud D．curious 解析：选C。根据语境可知，学生们把自己种的食物送给当地穷人，所以很自豪(proud)。sad悲伤的；nervous紧张的；curious好奇的。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 More than three decades ago，Chu Hongjun，a young man from East China's Shandong province，traveled to Northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region，36 (throw) himself into wildlife research and protection work in Altay Prefecture．Today，his 27-year-old daughter，Chu Wenwen，sticks to the faith of her father．More than that，she has 37 (successful) called on more than 1 million young people in making a joint effort to create a better living environment for the Mengxin beaver (海狸)，the only beaver species living in China，38 is only found along the Ulungur River in Altay． The web-savvy (精通网络的) youngster has initiated a project to livestream (直播)，24 hours a day，how the beavers live 39 the wild．Infrared (红外线) cameras have been fixed so that viewers can monitor the ecological circulation around those small habitats 40 (build) by the beavers．“We are the young generation that grew up during the internet boom．Today，modern online communication tools and advanced 41 (equip) used for scientific research enable us to gather more people together in the pursuit (追求) of wildlife protection，” she says． Additionally，Chu Wenwen is also willing to take parents and their children on field trips 42 (observe) beavers firsthand．She believes that if opportunities 43 (provide) for people to learn more about the animal，they will be 44 (likely) to take action to protect it． “We can bridge 45 gap between the public and the beavers，” she says． [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了初雯雯在父亲的影响下投身蒙新河狸的保护工作，用现代工具和先进设备聚集更多的人去保护野生动物。 36．解析：throwing。考查非谓语动词。句意：30多年前，来自中国东部山东省的年轻人初红军来到中国西北部的新疆维吾尔自治区，投身于阿勒泰地区的野生动物研究和保护工作。本空在句中作状语，动词throw和句子主语Chu Hongjun之间是主动关系，故本空应用现在分词形式作状语。 37．解析：successfully。考查副词。句意：不仅如此，她还成功地号召了100多万年轻人共同努力，为蒙新河狸创造一个更好的生活环境。蒙新河狸是中国唯一的河狸物种，只在阿勒泰乌伦古河沿岸发现。本空修饰动词has called on，故应用副词successfully作状语。 38．解析：which。考查定语从句。句意参考上题。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰名词the Mengxin beaver，本空在从句中作主语、指物，应用关系代词which。 39．解析：in。考查介词。句意：这位精通网络的年轻人发起了一个项目，每天24小时直播海狸在野外的生活方式。in the wild意为“在野外”，应本空应用介词in。 40．解析：built。考查非谓语动词。句意：红外摄像机已经安装好，这样观众就可以监测海狸建造的小栖息地周围的生态循环。本空在句中作后置定语，动词build和被修饰名词habitats之间为被动关系，故本空应用过去分词形式。 41．解析：equipment。考查名词。句意：如今，用于科学研究的现代在线通信工具和先进设备使我们能够聚集更多的人来追求野生动物保护。本空和空前名词tools并列，根据空前形容词advanced可知，本空应用不可数名词equipment，意为“设备”。 42．解析：to observe。考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，初雯雯还愿意带着父母和孩子实地考察河狸。根据句意可知，本空在句中作目的状语，应用不定式形式。 43．解析：are provided。考查时态和语态。句意：她认为，如果有机会让人们更多地了解这种动物，他们就更有可能采取行动保护它。主句用一般将来时，if条件状语从句应用一般现在时，且主语opportunities和动词provide之间是被动关系，故本空应用一般现在时的被动语态。 44．解析：more likely。考查形容词比较级。句意参考上题。结合上文“to learn more about the animal”可知，人们越多了解这种动物，就越有可能保护它，故本空应用比较级形式。 45．解析：the。考查冠词。句意：“我们可以弥合公众和海狸之间的鸿沟，”她说。此处特指河狸和公众之间的鸿沟，应用定冠词the修饰名词gap。 第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) (2025·辽宁抚顺高一上期末)假定你是李华，你校发起了一项活动，倡议每个班级都养绿植。请你给学校微信公众号写一篇英文短文投稿，介绍相关情况，内容包括： 1．活动目的； 2．活动内容； 3．活动的效果和反响； 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 An activity of keeping green plants 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 [参考范文] An activity of keeping green plants To create a greener school environment，our school launched an initiative which encouraged each class to keep green plants． First，each class was tasked with selecting a type of plant to care for．It was also worth mentioning that we took on various responsibilities from watering and fertilizing to monitoring growth．Besides that，we organized a small exhibition，allowing us to showcase our plants and shared our experiences． Overall，the initiative was fun and meaningful．Not only did it create a healthier environment，but it also fostered a greater appreciation $