Unit 2 Exploring English-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（外研版）

本讲义聚焦英语语言独特性与学习策略，从“hamburger”“eggplant”等词汇困惑切入，通过匹配主旨、细节理解等任务，引导学生掌握构词法（合成、派生、转化、缩略）及多义现象，构建“现象-案例-规律-应用”的学习支架。 以“论坛趣事”“跨文化误解”等真实情境为载体，通过问题链和分层练习，培养学生语言分析与跨文化沟通能力，提升逻辑思维与自主学习能力。课中辅助教师引导探究，课后助力学生巩固词汇用法与语法规律，有效查漏补缺。

　　When you open an English book，it is likely that you will come across a lot of unfamiliar words．For English learners，sometimes it can be rather confusing to learn English words or phrases．Speaking of words，I am surprised to find harmless actions and harmful actions are an opposing pair，but shameless and shameful behaviors are the same．Even some words in American English and British English are different．For example，Americans put gas in their cars and drive along the highway，while the British put petrol in their cars and drive along the motorway．Americans take the elevator to an apartment，but the British use the lift to a flat．In addition，the same word may have different meanings in different contexts．For example，the word “wicked” has both positive and negative meanings，and it all depends on the context．Actually，we should be aware that English reflects the creativity of the human race．So when we intend to learn English，we have to remind ourselves of its unique features． Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas Step One　Lead-in What confused you most when learning English？ When I learned English，the things that confused me most were grammar，pronunciation，and idioms．Grammar rules were like a maze．I often got mixed up and used the wrong verb forms in sentences．Pronunciation was another struggle．Then there were idioms．“Barking up the wrong tree” really puzzled me．It took a long time to understand that it didn't mean the literal action of a dog barking at a tree． Step Two　Read for the main idea 1．Match the main idea with each part． Part 1 (Para．1) A．Examples of English language confusions． Part 2 (Paras．2－6) B．English's creativity explains its oddness． Part 3 (Para．7) C．Son's question led to language-learning thought． 答案：Part 1—C；Part 2—A；Part 3—B 2．What's mainly talked about in the text？ A．The creativity of the human race． B．The importance of learning English． C．The differences between English words． D．The confusing aspects of the English language． 答案：D Step Three　Read for details Ⅰ．Read Para．1 carefully and do the following exercises． 1．What is the function of the first paragraph？ A．To introduce a new language learning method． B．To show the author's attitude to English learning． C．To lead to the topic of the passage on English learning． D．To explain the importance of learning English． 2．What do “hamburger”，“eggplant”，“pineapple” show？ A．English words are easy． B．They always have hidden meanings． C．Food-related words are special． D．Word parts sometimes don't match meanings． 答案：1．C　2．D Ⅱ．Read Paras．2－6 carefully and do the following exercises． 1．Decide if the following statements are True or False． ①We get homesick when we get back home． F ②“Hardly” and “softly” are an opposing pair just like “hard” and “soft”． F ③“Shameless” and “shameful” have similar meanings． T ④The capitalized “WHO” in a medical report is surely read as the question word “who”． F 2．When traveling，we may experience discomfort like getting seasick during a sea journey，airsick while flying，carsick in a moving car． 3．An alarm is only heard once it goes off． 4．How does the author develop the passage？ A．By providing examples． B．By making comparisons． C．By following the way of spelling． D．By following the order of importance． 答案：A Ⅲ．Read Para．7 carefully and do the following exercises． 1．English was invented by people，reflecting the creativity of the human race． 2．When the stars are out，they are visible，but when the lights are out，they are invisible． 3．What can we learn about the phrase “wind up” from the examples in the text？ A．It always means to start something． B．It has only one fixed meaning in English． C．Its meaning depends on the context． D．It is a newly-invented phrase． 答案：C Step Four　Consolidation Please talk about the difficulties you have had in English learning．You can organise your presentation according to the following questions． 1．What is the biggest difficulty you face in English learning，like grammar，vocabulary，speaking，or something else？ 2．How does this difficulty affect your English learning progress？ 3．What have you done to overcome this difficulty？Have these efforts been successful？ 4．Do you have any suggestions for your classmates who may be facing the same difficulty？ Your presentation： 　　The biggest difficulty I face in English learning is speaking．I often feel nervous when I need to speak English，and I can't express myself fluently．To overcome this，I started to record myself speaking English at home，and then listened to the recordings to find my mistakes．I also joined an English corner，but I still feel a bit shy when speaking with others．Although I haven't completely overcome this difficulty，I think I've made some progress．For classmates with the same problem，I suggest they practice speaking English as much as possible．And don't be afraid of making mistakes，because mistakes are how we learn． ◎ Neither Pine① nor Apple in Pineapple② [1]Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English？[2]I hadn't，until one day my five-year-old son asked me whether there was ham③ in a hamburger．There isn't．This made me realize that there's no egg in eggplant④ either．[3]Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple．This got me thinking how English can be a crazy language to learn． [1]该句中的why引导的是宾语从句，作asked的宾语。 [2]该句中的until引导的是时间状语从句，从句中又含有一个whether引导的宾语从句。 [3]该句中，Neither和nor引导两个并列主语，句子使用了倒装句式。 For example，in our free time we can sculpt⑤ a sculpture⑥ and paint a painting，but we take a photo．And when we are traveling we say that we are in the car or the taxi，but on the train or bus！[4]While we're doing all this traveling，we can get seasick⑦ at sea，airsick⑧ in the air and carsick⑨ in a car，but we don't get homesick⑩ when we get back home．And speaking of⑪ home，why aren't homework and housework the same thing？ [4]该句为复合句。While和when分别引导两个时间状语从句，but连接两个并列句。 If “hard” is the opposite of “soft”，why are “hardly” and “softly” not an opposing⑫ pair？If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions，why are shameless⑬ and shameful⑭ behaviors⑮ the same？ When we look out of the window and see rain or snow，we can say “it's raining” or “it's snowing”．But when we see sunshine，we can't say “it's sunshining”． Even the smallest words can be confusing⑯．When you see the capitalized⑰“WHO”in a medical⑱ report，do you read it as the “who” in “Who's that？” What about “IT” and “US”？ [5]You also have to wonder⑲ at the unique⑳ madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down，in which you fill in a form by filling it out，and in which an alarm is only heard once it goes off！ 　　[5]该句中含有三个in which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词madness，在第一、三从句中又分别含有as和once引导的时间状语从句。 English was invented by people，not computers，and it reflects the creativity of the human race．[6]That is why when the stars are out，they are visible，but when the lights are out，they are invisible．And that is why when I wind up my watch，it starts，but when I wind up this passage，it ends． 　　[6]该句中的why引导的是表语从句，该从句是由but连接的并列句，而该并列句的前后分句都是复合句，都含有when引导的时间状语从句。 ◎ ① pine n．松树 ② pineapple n．菠萝 ③ ham n．火腿 ④ eggplant n．茄子 ⑤ sculpt v．雕刻，雕塑 ⑥ sculpture n．雕像，雕刻品，雕塑作品 ⑦ seasick adj．晕船的 ⑧ airsick adj．晕机的 ⑨ carsick adj．晕车的 ⑩ homesick adj．想家的 ⑪ speaking of．．．谈起……；提到…… ⑫ opposing adj．(观点、意见等) 相反的，相对立的 ⑬ shameless adj．无耻的，不知羞耻的 ⑭ shameful adj．可耻的，丢脸的 ⑮ behavior n．举止，行为 ⑯ confusing adj．令人困惑的 ⑰ capitalized adj．大写的 ⑱ medical adj．医学的，医疗的，医药的 ⑲ wonder v．惊奇，想知道 ⑳ unique adj．独一无二的，独特的 ㉑burn up/down 烧毁 ㉒fill in/out填写 ㉓alarm n．警报器；闹钟 ㉔reflect v．显示，反映 ㉕creativity n．创造性，创造力 ㉖visible adj．看得见的，可见的 ㉗invisible adj．看不见的 ㉘wind up 给(机械)上发条；使(活动、会议等)结束 ◎ 菠萝(pineapple)≠松树(pine)＋苹果(apple) 你是否曾问过自己为什么人们学英语时经常会遇到困难？我以前从未想过这个问题，直到有一天我五岁的儿子问我hamburger(汉堡)里是否有ham(火腿)。没有。这让我意识到，eggplant(茄子)里也没有egg(蛋)；pineapple(菠萝)里既没有pine(松树)也没有apple(苹果)。这让我不禁思考，英语真是一门疯狂的语言。 例如，闲暇时我们可以sculpt a sculpture(雕刻一件雕塑品)，paint a painting(画一幅画)，但是要说take a photo(拍张照片)。旅行时，我们说我们in the car(在汽车里)或in the taxi(在出租车里)，但是要说on the train(在火车上)或on the bus(在公共汽车上)！旅游期间，我们可能会在海 (sea)上晕船 (seasick)、在空(air)中晕机(airsick)、在汽车(car)上晕车(carsick)，但回到家(home)时不会晕家(homesick的实际意思为“想家的”)。说到家，为什么homework(家庭作业)和housework(家务劳动)不是一回事呢？ 如果“hard(坚硬的)”是“soft(柔软的)”的反义词，为什么“hardly(几乎不)”和“softly(柔软地)”却不是一对反义词呢？如果harmless actions(无害的行为)是harmful actions(有害的行为)的反义词，为什么shameless behaviors(无耻的行为)和shameful behaviors(可耻的行为)是同义词呢？ 当我们向窗外看去，看到rain(雨)或snow(雪)时，我们可以说“it's raining(下雨了)”或“it's snowing(下雪了)”，但我们看到sunshine(阳光)时，我们不能说“it's sunshining(下阳光了)”。 即使是最小的单词也会令人困惑。在医学报告中看到大写的“WHO(世界卫生组织)”时，你会将它理解为“Who's that？(那是谁)”中的“who(谁)”吗？那么“IT”和“US”呢？ 你也一定对一门语言独特的疯狂感到诧异。在这门语言中，当一座房子burns down(被烧毁)时它就burn up(烧毁)了；你通过filling it out(填写它)的方式fill in a form(填写表格)；闹钟只有在它goes off(响起)时才被听到！ 英语是由人而不是电脑发明的，它反映了人类的创造力。这就是为什么星星out(出来)时，它们可以visible(被看到)，但是当灯out(熄灭)后，它们invisible(不能被看到)。那也是为什么当我给手表wind up(上紧发条)时，它开始走，但是当我wind up(结束)这篇文章时，它就到结尾了。 behavior n．举止；行为[联想：behave v．举动；(举止或行为)表现] 【教材原句】　If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions，why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same？ 如果harmless actions(无害的行为)是harmful actions(有害的行为)的反义词，为什么shameless behaviors(无耻的行为)和shameful behaviors(可耻的行为)是同义词呢？ 【用法归纳】 (1)good/bad behavior 良好/不良行为 (2)behave well/badly (to/towards sb．) (对某人)表现好/差 behave oneself 表现得体，有礼貌；行为规矩 【佳句必背】　Our behavior shapes our destiny．(读后续写之哲理句)我们的行为塑造我们的命运。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①The young man behaved well to/towards the old lady，helping her cross the street． ②The children were told to behave themselves (they) during the visit． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ③(应用文之建议信)试着学习一些当地的文化和传统，这可以帮助你在逗留期间举止得体。 Try to learn some local culture and traditions，which can help you behave yourself during your stay． ④(读后续写之心理描写)看到他不礼貌的行为，他的父亲无法控制自己的愤怒。 Upon seeing his impolite behavior，his father was unable to contain his anger． confusing adj．令人困惑的，难懂的(联想：confuse vt．使迷惑，混淆　confused adj．糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的　confusion n．混乱，困惑) 【教材原句】　Even the smallest words can be confusing． 即使是最小的单词也会令人困惑。 【用法归纳】 (1)confuse．．．with/and．．． 把……和……混淆 (2)be confused about 对……感到迷惑 (3)in confusion 困惑地，混乱地 【佳句必背】　①The sudden change in his behavior was confusing to her，and she couldn't figure out what had caused it．(读后续写之心理描写) 他行为上的突然转变让她感到困惑，她不明白是什么原因导致的。 ②If necessary，you'd better turn to your teacher when you feel confused．(应用文之建议信) 如果有必要，当你感到困惑时，你最好向你的老师求助。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①I always confuse you with/and your sister—you look so alike． ②He looked confused (confuse) when I asked him the question． ③His explanation was confusing (confuse) and didn't clear up my doubts． ④There was a moment of confusion (confuse) when the fire alarm went off unexpectedly． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ⑤(应用文之通知)如果你对日程安排感到困惑，请随时联系我以获得进一步的解释。 If you are confused about the schedule，don't hesitate to contact me at any time for further explanations． ⑥(读后续写之动作描写)这位学生疑惑地挠了挠头，无法理解老师的解释。 The student scratched his head in confusion，unable to understand the teacher's explanation． alarm n．警报器；闹钟；惊恐 vt．使惊恐；使警觉(联想：alarmed adj．担心的；害怕的) 【教材原句】　．．．in which an alarm is only heard once it goes off！ 闹钟只有在它goes off(响起)时才被听到！ 【用法归纳】 (1)in alarm 惊恐地；惊慌地(常作方式状语) raise/sound the alarm 发出警报 (2)be/feel alarmed by/at sth． 因某事而担心/害怕 be alarmed to do sth． 害怕做某事 【佳句必背】　When the alarm clock chimed，I dragged myself out of bed to turn it off．(读后续写之动作描写) 闹钟响的时候，我不情愿地从床上爬起来去关掉它。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①The children were alarmed to see (see) the big dog running towards them． ②The people ran out of the building in alarm when they smelled the smoke． ③I was alarmed (alarm) when I realized my wallet was missing． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(读后续写之动作描写)她一看到火势迅速蔓延，就立刻拉响警报并拨打了消防部门的电话。 As soon as she saw the flames spreading rapidly，she raised/sounded the alarm and called the fire department． reflect v．显示，反映，反射，思考，反省[联想：reflection n．反映；映像；沉思，深思　reflective adj．(指物体表面)反射热的，反光的；沉思的，深思的] 【教材原句】　English was invented by people，not computers，and it reflects the creativity of the human race． 英语是由人而不是电脑发明的，它反映了人类的创造力。 【用法归纳】 (1)reflect on/upon sth． 认真思考…… be reflected in 被映照在……，被反映在…… (2)on/upon reflection 经再三思考 be lost in reflection 陷入深思 【佳句必背】　①She sat by the window，chin in hand，reflecting on the events of the day．(读后续写之动作描写)她坐在窗边，手托着下巴，回想着当天发生的事。 ②The garden looked so beautiful with the setting sun reflected in the flowers．(读后续写之环境描写) 夕阳映在花丛中，花园显得如此美丽。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①On/Upon reflection，he realized that he had made a wrong decision． ②Her image was reflected (reflect) back in the still water of the pond，looking as if there were a twin beneath． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ③(读后续写之景物描写)白雪皑皑的群山倒映在平静的湖面上，营造出一种宁静的氛围。 The snow-covered mountains are reflected in the still lake，creating a peaceful atmosphere． ④(应用文之倡议书)现在是我们认真思考如何对待我们的星球并采取果断措施保护它的时候了。 It is high time that we should reflect on/upon how we treat our planet and take decisive measures to protect it． neither．．．nor．．．既不……也不…… 【教材原句】　Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple．Pineapple(菠萝)里既没有pine(松树)，也没有apple(苹果)。 【用法归纳】 (1)neither．．．nor．．．连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数应和临近的主语一致，遵循“就近原则”。遵循“就近原则”的还有either．．．or．．．；not only．．．but also．．．；not．．．but．．．；．．．or．．．；there be句型等。 (2)表示“一个人没有做某事，另一个人也没做同一类事”时，可用neither或nor引起的部分倒装句进行简略回答，其结构为Neither/Nor＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语。 【佳句必背】　Neither the past nor the future can be changed at this very moment； all we have is the present to act upon．(读后续写之哲理句) 此刻，过去和未来都无法改变，我们所拥有的只有可以把握的当下。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①Neither Tom nor Jerry was (be) at the party last night，leaving everyone quite disappointed． ②She can either choose the red dress or the blue one for the party． ③It's not the money but the love that matters in a relationship． ④There are (be) different kinds of fruits on the table，such as apples，bananas，and oranges． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ⑤(应用文之活动评价)阅读俱乐部不仅能丰富我们的知识，还能拓宽我们的视野。 The reading club not only enriches our knowledge but also broadens our horizons． ⑥(读后续写之天气描写)今天的天气既不热也不冷，非常适合去户外野餐。 The weather today is neither hot nor cold，making it perfect for a picnic outdoors． That is why．．． 【教材原句】　That is why when the stars are out，they are visible，but when the lights are out，they are invisible． 这就是为什么星星out(出来)时，它们可以visible(被看到)，但是当灯out(熄灭)后，它们invisible(不能被看到)。 this/that is why．．．意为“这/那就是为什么……；这/那就是……的原因”，why引导表语从句。 【用法归纳】 (1)This/That is/was because．．． 这/那是因为……(because引导表语从句，表示原因) (2)The reason why．．．is/was that．．． ……的原因是……(why引导定语从句并在从句中作状语；that引导表语从句，表示原因) 【佳句必背】　I was impressed with the beauty and grace of Chinese dance．That's why I enrolled in a class to learn more about it．(应用文之个人爱好) 我对中国舞蹈的优美和优雅印象深刻，那就是为什么我报名参加了一个课程，希望能更多地了解它。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①They have a deep love for nature．That is why they spend a lot of time outdoors hiking，camping，and exploring． ②He failed the exam； this is because he did not study hard enough． ③The reason why they missed the train was that they got lost on their way to the station． 【写成佳句】　一句多译 ④(应用文之道歉信)我不能按时和你一起打篮球的原因是在去篮球场的路上遇到了交通堵塞。 →I got caught in a traffic jam on the way to the basketball court．That was why I wasn't able to play basketball with you on time． →I wasn't able to play basketball with you on time．That was because I got caught in a traffic jam on the way to the basketball court． →The reason why I wasn't able to play basketball with you on time was that I got caught in a traffic jam on the way to the basketball court． 1．title A．n．题目，标题　B．n．(竞赛、体育比赛的)冠军 C．v．(给书籍、乐曲等)命名，加标题 ①The author titled his new novel “The Secret Garden of Dreams”． C ②She couldn't remember the title of the movie she watched last week． A ③(2023·全国乙卷)By winning the Olympic all-around title，she became the first black woman to do so． B 2．wind up ①Don't forget to wind up the clock before going to bed． B ②Let's wind up the meeting and discuss the details later． A ③He started winding up the car window when it began to rain． C 3．写出句中加黑单词的词性及汉语意思 ①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Today，most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos，videos，and other digital records．n．形式 ②The doctor didn't want to alarm the patient，so he didn't tell him the whole truth about his condition．v．使惊恐 [课后分层练4] (时间：45分钟　满分：80分) Ⅰ．单词拼写(每小题10分，共10分) 1．The winding road made the little girl carsick (晕车的)，and she felt very uncomfortable． 2．After being away from home for a long time，he started to feel homesick (想家的)． 3．In English，the first letter of a sentence should be capitalized (大写的)． 4．There was a visible (看得见的) improvement in her grades after she started working hard． 5．The article's title (标题) caught my attention immediately． 6．The two teams have opposing (相反的) views on this issue． 7．The little boy was airsick (晕机的) during the flight and his face turned pale． 8．Every morning，my mother uses some bread and ham (火腿) to make sandwiches． 9．Each of us is unique (独一无二的) and there is no one else in the world who is the same as you． 10．Do you get up immediately as soon as your alarm (闹钟) clock goes off in the early morning？ Ⅱ．单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．She is a very creative (create) artist，always coming up with new ideas for her paintings． 2．We like to read interesting books in our free time to expand our knowledge． 3．Before making the decision，she asked herself (she) if it was really what she wanted． 4．His explanation was so confusing (confuse) that no one in the class understood what he meant． 5．We should pay attention to our behavior (behave) in public places and be polite． 6．If the teacher is too strict with students，it may limit their creativity (creative) and imagination． 7．Speaking of holidays，where are you planning to go this summer？ 8．Papermaking，one of the four great inventions in ancient China，was invented (invent) by Cai Lun almost 2，000 years ago． 9．She took some time to reflect on/upon her past experiences and learned a lot from them． 10．Different people may have opposing (oppose) opinions about the same thing． Ⅲ．完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．我爸爸和我妈妈都不喜欢看恐怖电影。(neither．．．nor．．．) Neither my father nor my mother likes watching horror movies． 2．你是离开还是留下对我毫无影响。(whether．．．or．．．) It makes no difference to me whether you leave or stay． 3．你按时完成这项工作有困难吗？(trouble) Do you have trouble (in) finishing the work on time？ 4．直到我到家才意识到我把钱包丢了。(until) I didn't realize I had lost my wallet until I arrived/got home． 5．这支球队赢得了冠军，那就是他们如此兴奋的原因。(why引导表语从句) The team won the championship，and that was why they were so excited． Ⅳ．课文语法填空(每小题1．5分，共15分) Have you ever asked 1 yourself (you) why people often have trouble 2 learning (learn) English？I hadn't，until one day my five-year-old son asked me 3 whether there was ham in a hamburger．This got me thinking how English can be a crazy language 4 to learn (learn)． Even the smallest words can be 5 confusing (confuse)．You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in 6 which a house can burn up as it burns down，and in which an alarm 7 is heard (hear) once it goes off！ English 8 was invented (invent) by people，not computers，and it reflects the creativity of the human race．That is why when the stars are out，they are visible，but when the 9 lights (light) are out，they are invisible．And that is why when I wind up my watch，it starts，10 but when I wind up this passage，it ends． Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题2．5分，共20分) A (2025·四川省成都市高一上期中)As a teacher，a favorite question continually asked by my students is “Which is better，American or British English？” My answer is always the same，“It depends！” These days，we can also add the Australian variety，as learners in Asia where I live are more exposed to Australian English and are more likely to study in Australia than in the United States or the UK，although the difference between Australian and British English is very small and mainly vocabulary-based． So what can influence whether foreign learners are better off learning a particular standard of English？Put simply，it depends on what is more suitable．Learners need to think over their academic，work or social needs．If someone is working for a US-owned company then the company will probably require American English in its written communication．Similarly if you are studying to be a tour guide in an area that has many British tourists，it makes sense to pay more attention to that standard．If a learner is going to study in Australia then studying Australian English will help him in the long run． When I have managed language schools，there was often healthy competition between teachers of different nationalities for the importance of their particular standard of English．Language schools abroad may prefer one particular standard of English，and therefore sometimes，understandably，give preference to that particular nationality of teacher． Personally though，I like to keep an open mind，as there can also be advantages for both students and teachers．Students get to be exposed to more varieties of English，providing them with a more well-rounded education．So teachers should pay attention to the differences in varieties，increasing their own knowledge base． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。作者作为一名教师，对学生选取哪种英语作为学习对象给出了合理的建议，并提议教师应扩大自己的知识面以给予学生鼓励与支持。 1．What is the author's purpose in writing Paragraph 1？ A．To introduce some general information on English． B．To bring up the topic of standard English． C．To discuss the importance of English． D．To explain what standard English is． 解析：选B。推理判断题。第一段作者以学生常问的 “美式英语和英式英语哪个更好” 这一问题开篇，接着提到如今还有澳大利亚英语，引出不同标准英语的话题，为后文讨论选择哪种标准英语作铺垫，所以目的是引出标准英语的话题。故选B。 2．What can we learn about Australian English from Paragraph 1？ A．It has been influenced by Asian languages． B．It is most popular with international students． C．It is the author's preferred variety of English． D．It differs from British English mostly in vocabulary． 解析：选D。细节理解题。第一段明确指出 “although the difference between Australian and British English is very small and mainly vocabulary-based”，即澳大利亚英语与英式英语的差异很小，且主要体现在词汇方面。故选D。 3．What should a learner consider when choosing a variety of English according to the author？ A．His educational level． B．His personal needs． C．His own interest． D．His nationality． 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段 “Learners need to think over their academic，work or social needs．” 可知，学习者在选择英语变体时应考虑自己的学术、工作或社交需求，也就是个人需求。故选B。 4．What is the author's attitude to learning different varieties of English？ A．Supportive． B．Doubtful． C．Surprised． D．Uncaring． 解析：选A。推理判断题。从最后一段 “Students get to be exposed to more varieties of English，providing them with a more well-rounded education．So teachers should pay attention to the differences in varieties，increasing their own knowledge base．” 可知，作者认为学生接触更多英语变体可获得更全面的教育，教师也应关注变体差异增加知识储备，这表明作者对学习不同英语变体持支持态度。故选A。 B (2025·吉林省长春市高一上期中)“Long time no see．” is a very interesting sentence．When I first read this sentence from an American friend's e-mail，I laughed．I thought it was a perfect example of Chinglish． Obviously，it is a word-by-word translation of the Chinese greeting with wrong English grammar and structure！ Later on，my friend told me that it is a standard American greeting．I was too surprised to believe her．So I did research on Google．com．To my surprise，there are over 60 thousand web pages containing “Long time no see．” Though it is sort of informal，it is part of the language that Americans use daily．Interestingly，if you type this phrase in Microsoft Word，the software will tell you that the grammar needs to be corrected． Nobody knows the origin of this Chinglish sentence．Some people believe that it came from Charlie Chan's movies．In the 1930s，Hollywood movie makers successfully created a worldwide famous Chinese detective (侦探) named “Charlie Chan” on wide screens．Detective Chan liked to teach Americans some Chinese wisdom by quoting Confucius．“Long time no see．” was his symbol．Soon after Charlie Chan，“Long time no see．” became a popular expression in America thanks to the popularity of these movies． Some scholars compare America to a huge melting pot．All kinds of cultures are mixed in the pot together，and they change the colour and taste of each other．Language is actually the first thing to be influenced in the mixed pot． You may come across more examples from other countries such as pizza from Italian，sushi from Japanese，and déjà vu from French etc．There is a long list！ Since Americans admire Chinese culture more and more nowadays，I firmly believe that more Chinese words will become American English in the future．In this way，the American's melting pot keeps adding richness and flavour． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。以“Long time no see．”为例，说明了美国英语受到不同文化的影响而不断丰富的社会现象。 5．What did the writer himself feel surprised at？ A．The Chinglish expression “Long time no see．” B．So many literal translations of the expressions used in America． C．“Long time no see．” is used as a standard American English greeting． D．Americans use the expression every day． 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中“．．．my friend told me that it is a standard American greeting．I was too surprised to believe her．”可知，让作者感到惊讶的是“Long time no see．”竟然是标准的美式英语问候语，故选C项。 6．What do the underlined words “melting pot” in Paragraph 4 probably mean？ A．Confucius's words． B．Culture mixture． C．A kind of cooked dish． D．American changing cultures． 解析：选B。词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“All kinds of cultures are mixed in the pot together”可知，在美国各种文化混合在一起，因此一些学者把美国比作一个巨大的熔炉，故画线词意思与B项“文化的混合物”最为贴切。故选B项。 7．What can be inferred according to the passage？ A．Detectives translated the phrase “Long time no see．” B．Cultures cannot be changed in the huge melting pot． C．The huge melting pot greatly affects all kinds of languages． D．Hollywood made “Long time no see．” popular． 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第三段中“‘Long time no see．’ became a popular expression in America thanks to the popularity of these movies．”可知，由于这些电影的流行，“Long time no see．”在美国成为一个流行的表达。由此可推知，好莱坞让“Long time no see．”流行起来，故选D项。 8．What is the main idea of the passage？ A．Some Chinese expressions are introduced into English． B．You'll not be surprised at the richness of American English． C．Some American expressions can be used in China． D．American English keeps being enriched by different cultures． 解析：选D。主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，一些学者把美国比作一个巨大的熔炉，各种文化在这个大熔炉里混合在一起，彼此改变着颜色和审美。在这个混合的熔炉中，语言通常是最先受到影响的。结合文章第一段提到的来自汉语的“Long time no see．”及最后一段中来自意大利语的pizza ，来自日语的sushi，来自法语的déjà vu可知，本文介绍了美国英语受到不同的文化的影响而不断丰富的社会现象，故选D项。 Ⅱ．完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) My Chinese speaking experience It's one thing to learn a language，but it's quite another when you finally get to use it． On the 1 from Venice to Paris，a group of girls sat around me．I realized that they were speaking Chinese，but at first I didn't feel 2 starting a conversation with the strangers next to me．If it didn't 3 well，I'd be stuck next to them for the rest of the flight． As the food cart began to make its way down the aisle(过道)towards us，I found my 4 at last．I 5 to the girl to my left and asked，“Will you be having lunch？” in Chinese．She 6 her head and asked me in English，“You speak Chinese？” I 7 again in Chinese，“A little bit．” She nodded again and then returned to her magazine， 8 my effort to communicate with her． Another time，at a dinner I sat next to a man who I knew spoke Chinese．I told him that I was learning Chinese，but could only 9 a little．When 10 me use the language，he suddenly began to speak 11 in Chinese．I didn't catch him at all．I felt somewhat 12 ．I never 13 the chance to continue because the conversation returned to 14 as other people speaking English joined the table． All in all，my experience has 15 me that I still have a long way to go in using Chinese． [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在飞机上和餐厅里用中文和旁边人对话的经历，这样的经历让作者明白自己还要做很多努力去学习中文。 1． A．subway B．train C．plane D．highway 解析：选C。根据下文“I'd be stuck next to them for the rest of the flight”可知，此处为作者从威尼斯飞往巴黎的飞机(plane)上，一群女孩坐在作者周围。subway地铁；train火车；highway公路。 2． A．satisfied B．lucky C．happy D．comfortable 解析：选D。根据下文“I'd be stuck next to them for the rest of the flight”可推知，一开始作者觉得和旁边的陌生人聊天很不舒服(comfortable)。satisfied满意的；lucky幸运的；happy高兴的。 3． A．go B．fit C．feel D．do 解析：选A。根据该句中的“I'd be stuck next to them for the rest of the flight”可知，如果不顺利，接下来的飞行中作者都要被困在他们旁边了。go well意为“进展顺利”。fit适合；feel感觉；do做。 4． A．ticket B．seat C．context D．chance 解析：选D。根据该句中的“As the food cart began to make its way down the aisle towards us”以及下文的问话可知，此处为当餐车开始沿着过道走来时，作者终于找到了说中文的机会(chance)。ticket票；seat座位；context语境，上下文。 5． A．promised B．turned C．led D．referred 解析：选B。根据该句中的“to the girl to my left and asked”可知，作者转向左边的女孩问道。turn to sb．意为“转向某人”。promised承诺；led领导；referred参考。 6． A．lowered B．nodded C．uplifted D．shook 解析：选B。根据下文“She nodded again”可知，她点了点(nodded)头，用英语问作者：“你会说中文吗？”lowered降低；uplifted上升；shook摇动。 7． A．agreed B．stressed C．tried D．delivered 解析：选C。根据该句中的“again in Chinese”可知，作者又用中文试了(tried)一次。agreed同意；stressed强调；delivered递送。 8． A．ending B．reminding C．focusing D．increasing 解析：选A。根据该句中的“then returned to her magazine”可知，她又开始看杂志上，结束了(ending)作者与她努力的交流。reminding提醒；focusing专注；increasing增加。 9． A．say B．hear C．reflect D．speak 解析：选D。根据上文提到的作者会说一点点中文，以及上文“Another time，at a dinner I sat next to a man who I knew spoke Chinese．”可推知，作者告诉他自己正在学习中文，但只会说(speak)一点。句意：我告诉他我正在学习中文，但只会说一点。say说；hear听到；reflect显示，反映。 10．A．letting B．seeing C．hearing D．helping 解析：选C。根据下文“he suddenly began to speak 11 in Chinese”可知，当听到(hearing)作者使用中文时，他中文说得突然很快。letting让；seeing看见；helping帮助。 11．A．quickly B．gently C．calmly D．loudly 解析：选A。根据下文“I didn't catch him at all．”可知，他中文说得突然很快(quickly)。gently温柔地；calmly镇静地；loudly吵闹地。 12．A．satisfied B．embarrassed C．excited D．interested 解析：选B。根据上文“I didn't catch him at all．”可知，作者完全听不懂他说的，因此感到有些尴尬(embarrassed)。satisfied满意的；excited激动的；interested 感兴趣的。 13．A．got B．missed C．exchanged D．gave 解析：选A。根据该句中的“to continue”可推知，作者再也没有机会继续了，因为当其他说英语的人坐到桌旁时，谈话又回到了英语上。get the chance to do“有机会做某事”。missed错过；exchanged交换；gave给予。 14．A．Chinese B．French C．English D．Italian 解析：选C。根据该句中的“as other people speaking English joined the table”可知，当其他说英语的人坐到桌旁时，谈话又回到了英语(English)上。Chinese中文；French法语；Italian意大利语。 15．A．requested B．left C．regarded D．taught 解析：选D。根据下文“I still have a long way to go in using Chinese”可推知，作者的经历教给(taught)他，在使用中文方面还有很长的路要走。requested要求；left离开；regarded当作。 Section Ⅱ　Using language—Review：word formation 分析下列课文原句中加黑词 1．This made me realize that there's no egg in eggplant either． 2．Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple． 3．If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions，why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same？ 4．When you see the capitalized“WHO”in a medical report，do you read it as the “who” in“Who's that？” 5．What about “IT” and “US”？ 6．You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which．．． 7．．．．but when the lights are out，they are invisible． 8．Not only can you post specific questions，but you can also broaden your knowledge by reading posts from other English learners around the world． 【我的感悟】 1．句1和句2中的黑体单词都是由两个词合在一起构成的一个新词，这种词叫合成词，这种构词法被称为合成法。 2．句3、6、7中的黑体单词是在词根之前加上前缀，或在词根之后加上后缀，构成一个与原来单词意思相近或相反的单词，这种构词法叫派生法。 3．句8中的两个post词性不同：第一个post为动词，意为“发帖子”；第二个post为名词，意为“帖子”。这是在不改变词形的前提下将一个词由一种词性转化为另外一种词性，这种构词法被称为转化法。 4．句4、5中的WHO，IT，US是截取单词的首字母组合而成的单词，这种构词法叫缩略法。 按照一定的语言规律创造新词的方法叫作构词法。英语构词法主要有转化法、合成法、派生法、首尾缩略法等。 (一)转化法 1．概念：一个词由一种词类转到另一种或几种词类而不发生词形的变化，称为转化。 2．四种转化 (1)动词转化为名词 ①dream v．做梦→n．梦 ②look v．看→n．相貌 ③try v．尝试→n．尝试 ④swim v．游泳→n．游泳 ⑤sigh v．叹气→n．叹气 ⑥cry v．哭→n．哭 ⑦shout v．呼喊→n．呼喊 ⑧kiss v．亲吻→n．吻 ⑨walk v．散步→n．散步 Let's go out for a walk． 我们出去散散步吧。 (2)名词转化为动词 ① back n．后背→v．支持 ② air n．空气→v．通风 ③ chair n．椅子→v．主持 ④ hand n．手→v．递，交 ⑤ land n．土地→v．着陆 ⑥ cook n．厨师→v．烹调 ⑦ order n．命令→v．命令，要求 ⑧ name n．名字→v．取名 ⑨ lift n．电梯→v．举起 ⑩ picture n．画→v．描绘 ⑪ press n．报刊→v．挤压 ⑫ nurse n．护士→v．照料 ⑬ smoke n．烟→v．吸烟 ⑭ stand n．看台→v．站 ⑮ book n．书→v．预订 Did you book a seat on the plane？ 你订好飞机座位了吗？ (3)形容词转化为动词 ① better adj．更好的→v．改善，改进 ② calm adj．平静的→v．使平静 ③ cool adj．凉快的→v．冷却 ④ spare adj．空闲的→v．抽出；留出 ⑤ own adj．自己的→v．拥有 ⑥ close adj．亲密的→v．关闭 ⑦ slow adj．慢的→v．减慢 ⑧ last adj．最后的→v．持续 We will try our best to better our living conditions． 我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。 (4)形容词转化为名词 ①cold adj．冷的→n．感冒 ②back adj．后面的→n．背部 ③quiet adj．安静的→n．安静 ④calm adj．平静的→n．平静 ⑤blue adj．蓝色的→n．蓝色 She was dressed in blue． 她穿着蓝色衣服。 ————即学即练1———— 写出下列黑体词的词性和含义 ①No one nosed the danger before the earthquake．v．觉察 ②He was a disturbed child who needed mothering．n．照料 ③Which country is to host the next Olympic Games？v．主办 ④The government hopes to better the conditions of the workers．v．改善 ⑤Every year，fresh fruit from these trees is shipped from one country to another．v．用船运输 ⑥If the plants are nursed properly，they will flower in early spring．v．悉心照料；v．开花 ⑦This apartment can house six people and a dog．v．给(某人)提供住处 ⑧The train slowed down to half its speed．v．减缓 ⑨I'd like to book a table for two for 8 o'clock tonight．v．预订 ⑩A cold kept him in bed for three days．n．感冒 (二)合成法 1．概念：由两个或多个单词合成一个新词，通常前一个词修饰或限定后一个词。 2．三种合成方式 连成一个词 blackboard 黑板 rainbow彩虹 用连字符 well-known著名的 good-for-nothing无用之人 分开写 flower bed花坛 high and tight(一种只留头顶寸发的)军人发型 3．四类合成词 (1)合成形容词 形容词＋名词＋-ed good-tempered脾气好的 形容词＋现在分词 good-looking好看的 副词＋现在分词 far-reaching深远的 名词＋现在分词 peace-loving热爱和平的 名词＋过去分词 heartfelt由衷的 副词＋过去分词 well-mannered举止得体的 形容词＋名词 high-class高级的 名词＋形容词 duty-free免税的 名词＋介词＋名词 face-to-face面对面的 (2)合成名词 名词＋名词 silkworm蚕 形容词＋名词 double dealer两面派 动名词＋名词 waiting room候车室 动词＋名词 pickpocket扒手 名词＋动名词 handwriting书法 动词＋连词＋动词 hide-and-seek捉迷藏游戏 副词＋动词 downfall垮台 动词＋副词 get-together联欢会 (3)合成动词 名词＋动词 sleepwalk梦游 副词＋动词 overthrow推翻 形容词＋动词 whitewash粉刷 (4)合成副词 形容词＋副词 everywhere到处 副词＋副词 however无论如何 介词＋副词 forever永远 介词＋名词 downstairs在楼下 ————即学即练2———— 写出下列合成词的词性及含义 ①salesman n．售货员 ②snow-white adj．雪白的 ③hard-working adj．勤劳的 ④outbreak n．爆发 ⑤roommate n．室友 ⑥playground n．操场 (三)派生法 1．概念：在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀，构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词叫作派生法。 2．前缀 (1)表示否定或相反意义的前缀 dis- appear出现→disappear消失 il- legal合法的→illegal非法的 im- possible可能的→impossible不可能的 in- correct正确的→incorrect不正确的 ir- regular规则的→irregular不规则的 mis- lead带领→mislead误导 non- smoker吸烟的人→non-smoker不吸烟的人 un- usual寻常的→unusual不寻常的 (2)其他意义的前缀 inter-(间，相互) interview面试 mid-(中) mid-autumn中秋的 re-(重，再，复) rewrite重写 fore-(先，前，预) foresee预见 micro-(微) microscope显微镜 mini-(微型的) minibus微型汽车 super-(上，超) supermarket超级商场 tele-(远距离的) telephone电话 (3)改变词性的前缀 en- 加在形容词或名词前构成动词 large(形容词，大的)→enlarge(动词，扩大) de- 加在名词之前构成动词 value(名词，价值)→devalue(动词，降低……的价值) be- 加在名词或形容词前构成动词 friend(名词，朋友)→befriend(动词，与……交朋友) a- 加在名词或描述性动词之前，构成形容词或副词 sleep(动词，睡觉)→asleep(形容词，睡着的) out- 加在名词之前构成形容词，加在动词之前构成名词 door(名词，门)→outdoor(形容词，户外的) 3．后缀 (1)构成名词的后缀 -ese(表示某地人或语言) Chinese中国人；汉语 -er/-or/-ist/-ian(表人) foreigner外国人 visitor来访者 artist艺术家 historian历史学家 -ess(雌性) hostess女主人 -ment(性质；状态) agreement同意 -ness(性质；状态) illness生病 -ence(性质；状态) dependence独立 -ance(性质；状况) importance重要 -tion(动作；过程) invention发明 (2)构成形容词的后缀 -al(表示某物具有或与某特征相关) nature自然→natural自然的 -able (表示具有某种能力或性质) reason道理→reasonable讲理的；理智的 -(a)n/-ese(某国人的) America美国→American美国的 China中国→Chinese中国人的 -en (多用于表示材料的名词后) gold金子→golden金的 -ern (方向的) east东→eastern东方的 -ful (充满……的) color颜色→colorful多彩的 -ive (具有……特性；与……有关) attract吸引→attractive有吸引力的 -less (表示否定) use使用→useless无用的 -ish (表示某种程度或状态) child孩子→childish孩子气的 -like (像……的) child孩子→childlike孩子般的 -ly (有……品质的) friend朋友→friendly友好的 -ous (富有……的) humor幽默→humorous幽默的 -some (令……的) awe使敬畏→awesome令人赞叹的 -y(充满……的) snow雪→snowy被雪覆盖的 (3)构成副词的后缀 -ly (主要用于形容词之后表示方式或程度) angry生气的→angrily生气地 -ward(s) (主要用于表示方位的词之后表示方向) east东方→eastward向东 (4)构成动词的后缀 -en (使……成为) wide宽的→widen加宽 -fy (使……化) beauty美人；美好→beautify美化 -ize (使……成为) real真的→realize将……变为现实 ————即学即练3———— 单句语法填空 ①Reading will enlarge (large) your vocabulary． ②When he is low，I often encourage (courage) him． ③They get smaller and smaller，and eventually they completely disappear (appear)． ④Unfortunately (unfortunate)，Chaplin and his friend didn't find any gold but were caught in a snowstorm． ⑤There is still room for improvement (improve) in your work． ⑥The amazing (amaze) thing is that it was kept secret for so long． ⑦The two girls are similarly (similar) dressed and I can hardly tell them apart． ⑧When they heard of it，they immediately (immediate) came to my help． ⑨Carelessness (careless) will be a disaster not only to ourselves but also to patients． ⑩You should use your imagination (imagine) to think what it might be like on the moon． (四)首尾缩略法 1．截去词的尾部 November→Nov．十一月 2．保留前缀及词根的首字母 television→TV电视 3．保留单词的首尾字母 doctor→Dr 医生；博士 4．由单词的首字母构成，并且按字母分别读音，虚词省略 Very Important Person→VIP要人；大人物 information technology→IT信息技术 5．用单词的首字母构成，并且按单词读音 Test of English as a Foreign Language→TOEFL 托福考试 ————即学即练4———— 写出下列词汇缩略词 ①the United States of America→USA 美国 ②Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation→APEC亚太经济合作组织 ③Voice of America→VOA美国之音 ④Central Processing Unit→CPU中央处理器 ⑤the United Nations→UN 联合国 ⑥music television→MTV 音乐电视 ⑦Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome→AIDS 艾滋病 写出语段中黑体词的构词法 Last month，I had an ① unforgettable experience during my ② weekend trip．On Saturday morning，I got up early and made a ③ self-made breakfast．In the afternoon，I went to a nearby ④ bookstore to buy some ⑤ interesting books．After spending a few hours in the bookstore，I went to a ⑥ fast-food restaurant and ⑦ ordered a hamburger and a cola．I sat there and enjoyed my meal．In the evening，I returned home．I shared my day's experiences with my family．They were all ⑧ interested in what I had done．I watched some news on ⑨ TV，⑩ especially the report about the ⑪ UN meeting．Then I went to bed，looking forward to another ⑫ wonderful day． 1．使用派生法的是：①⑤⑧⑩⑫ 2．使用转化法的是：⑦ 3．使用合成法的是：②③④⑥ 4．使用缩略法的是：⑨⑪ 体会加黑部分使用的构词法 1．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Bring a personal water bottle，sunscreen，and lunch．(派生法) 2．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief．(合成法) 3．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Learning is generally more successful when it's on paper than on screen．(派生法) 4．(2024·浙江1月卷)However，while some of her classmates edged ahead，others actually fell behind．(转化法) 5．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)After I made Italy my permanent home，I discovered how warm-hearted Italians are．(合成法) 6．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)As I leafed through the novel，a piece of paper fell out．(转化法) 7．(2024·全国甲卷)Born just before WWⅡ，my grandmother experienced an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine．(缩略法) contact v．& n．联系，联络 【教材原句】　．．．a friend that you contact by writing，traditionally using a pen．．．……过去通过写信(通常用钢笔)来联系的一位朋友…… 【用法归纳】 (1)contact sb．(by email/phone) (通过电子邮件/电话)联系某人 (2)have/keep in/lose/make contact with 与……有/保持/失去/建立联系 out of contact with 与……失去联系 make eye contact with sb． 和某人眼神接触 【佳句必背】　His face turned pale the moment he made eye contact with the strict teacher，and he quickly lowered his head．(读后续写之表情/动作描写)当他与严厉的老师目光接触的那一刻，他的脸色变得煞白，迅速低下了头。,【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①In the following days，the owner of the cat still couldn't be contacted (contact)． ②As we live in different cities，we keep in contact through social media platforms to share our lives． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ③毕业后，我与大部分同学都失去了联系。 I have lost contact with most of my classmates after graduation． ④(应用文之建议信)如果您需要任何进一步的指导，请随时通过电子邮件或电话与我联系。 If you need any further guidance，please do not hesitate to contact me by email or phone at any time． likely adj．可能的，可能发生的(联想：unlikely adj．不可能的) 【用法归纳】 (1)be likely to do sth． 很可能做某事 (2)It is likely that．．． 很可能……(it作形式主语，that引导主语从句) (3)be unlikely to do sth． 不可能做某事 (4)It is unlikely that．．． 不可能……(it作形式主语，that引导主语从句) 【佳句必背】　If you eat too much junk food，you are likely to gain weight．(应用文之健康生活) 如果你吃太多垃圾食品，你的体重很可能会增加。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①They are likely to arrive (arrive) on time since they set out early and the traffic is smooth． ②It is likely that he will be late for the meeting，so we'd better start without him． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ③(应用文之人际关系)如果你有耐心并且乐于助人，你很可能会在新环境中交到更多朋友。 If you are patient and helpful，you are likely to make more friends in the new environment． [课后分层练5] (时间：45分钟　满分：85．5分) Ⅰ．单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．While reading English articles，don't refer to a dictionary every time you come across new words． 2．Brian is a gifted writer； his new book is very likely (like) to be a big hit． 3．She talked with confidence，even if there were a crowd of unfamiliar (familiar) faces． 4．We are best friends，and we have kept in contact with each other after graduation (graduate)． 5．It is known (know) that the UN is short for the United Nations． 6．There are many types (type) of wild mushrooms． 7．The organization (organize) gives free health care to the poor． 8．They've just had an addition (add) to the family． Ⅱ．链接写作——用词汇转化法升级句子(每题2分，共10分) 1．We had lunch together after the meeting． →We lunched together after the meeting． 2．Let's fill the water into this bottle． →Let's bottle the water． 3．You are so fat that you have to go on a diet． →You are so fat that you have to diet． 4．Snow often falls in my hometown in winter． →It often snows in my hometown in winter． 5．Open the windows to make the room cool． →Open the windows to cool the room． Ⅲ．链接写作——完成语段(每题2分，共20分) 1 Last weekend (上周末)，I was traveling home from business．It was too late，so I decided to go to a hotel near the bus stop．2 At the entrance to the hotel (在宾馆入口处)，I met a man who was disabled，and I 3 made up my mind to offer him some help (决定给他一些帮助)．He spoke to me and explained his past life 4 when he was healthy (当他健康的时候)．He had worked in a steelworks for five years．Then an accident 5 left him disabled (使他残疾)．While listening to his story，I realized that 6 he had experienced a lot (他经历了很多) in his life．I told him that 7 although he was physically disabled (尽管他身体残疾)，his heart was strong，and he could always depend on it．I offered him some money 8 to buy food and drinks (去买食物和饮料) and then he went home．I have learnt that if you say a few kind words and offer a little help to others，it will not only 9 bring happiness to you (给你带来幸福)，but it will also be 10 in people's hearts forever (永远在人们心中)． Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题2．5分，共20分) A (2025·四川省高中联盟高一上期中)An accent is a regional form of pronunciation．The way English speakers pronounce words can be enough to show which country，or even city，they are from．For example，the way someone says “water” with a long ‘a’ sound might tell us they are from the southern part of the United States．So it's helpful to know some common English accents． Typically English accents fall into three main kinds．They include British English，North American English and Australian English． Received Pronunciation is the official form of speech in England．It's widely considered the standard form for broadcasting，stage performance and education．The term Cockney describes the accent found in East London．It is mainly spoken by working-class individuals and has developed through the influence of industry and social changes．The Yorkshire accent in England's Yorkshire can be traced back to Old English．It heavily depends on slangs (俚语)，making some of its phrases challenging to understand，even for native English speakers from other regions． The General American accent is considered a standard form of English spoken in North America．It's not tied to any specific region or state but rather stands for a standardized form of English commonly taught in schools and used for media broadcasts．The accent tends to be quick and clear in its pronunciation．As a result，it's often used by actors，news hosts and other public figures who need to communicate clearly with a broad audience． The Canadian accent，which belongs to North American English，is often mistaken for Americans by non-native English speakers，but it has unique features．For example，the letter “t” can also be pronounced differently，sometimes like a soft “d” (for example，little＝liddle)．The accent has been described as more neutral (中立的) than other accents of English worldwide．It may be because of its history，as Canada used to be a British colony before being heavily influenced by American pop culture and media． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英语口音的相关知识，包括英语口音能显示说话者来自哪里，以及英式英语、北美英语(含美国通用口音和加拿大口音)等不同类型英语口音的特点。 1．What does the writer want to tell us by the example in Paragraph 1？ A．English accents vary greatly． B．Accents tell where people are from． C．It's difficult to learn English． D．All English speakers have accents． 解析：选B。细节理解题。第一段提到 “For example，the way someone says ‘water’ with a long ‘a’ sound might tell us they are from the southern part of the United States．”，通过这个例子，作者表明从人们对单词的发音方式(即口音)可以判断出他们来自哪个地区。故选B项。 2．What makes it hard for people to understand Yorkshire accent？ A．Its dependence on slangs． B．The influence of social changes． C．The strange pronunciation． D．Its connection with Old English． 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第三段 “The Yorkshire accent in England's．．．speakers from other regions．”可知，约克郡口音很依赖俚语，这使得即使是其他地区的英语母语者也难以理解。故选A项。 3．What can we learn about General American accent from the text？ A．It is limited to a specific state． B．It stands for the most popular accent． C．It is usually used in formal situations． D．It is often mistaken for Canadian accent． 解析：选C。细节理解题。由第四段 “It's not tied to．．．a broad audience．”可知，通用美式口音用于学校教学和媒体广播，常被演员、新闻主播等公众人物使用，这些场景都较为正式，由此可知，美国通用口音通常用于正式场合。故选C项。 4．What may be talked about in the following paragraph？ A．The development of British English． B．The changes of Received Pronunciation． C．The history of General American accent． D．The basic information of Australian accent． 解析：选D。推理判断题。文章第二段提到“Typically English accents fall into three main kinds．They include British English，North American English and Australian English．”，接下来分别介绍了英式英语中的几种口音和北美英语中的通用美式口音、加拿大口音，按照逻辑，接下来应该介绍澳大利亚英语的基本信息。故选D项。 B (2025·陕西省榆林市高一上期中)Imagine staying in the icy wilderness of Antarctica，cut off from the rest of the world，with only a small group of scientists．Such a group might be expected to develop a culture of its own，but would that develop a new shared accent (口音)？ As part of the project to explain the spoken accent development，a group of researchers led by Jonathan Harrington，professor of phonetics and speech processing at the Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich，started the study．The researchers studied a group of 11 scientists spending six months on an island just west of the Antarctic Peninsula． The scientists were from several countries，including the US，the UK，Iceland and Germany．As part of the study，they had to record themselves reading a list of vocabularies from a computer screen every few weeks．The list included words with vowel (元音) sounds /i：/，/u：/ and /əʊ/ that have been found to change over time in different English accents． The recordings were then sent to researchers．When the recordings were studied，the researchers found that the pronunciation of words with an /əʊ/ sound—such as “flow” “code” and “sew”—had changed a little over the six months．The scientists began to pronounce it more toward the front of their mouths than toward the back．(British pronunciations are already typically fronter than American /əʊ/．) The researchers believe it shows the development of a new accent among the scientists．Harrington said，“When we speak to each other，we remember that speech，and then that has an influence on our own speech production．” While only small changes were recorded，the researchers believe the experiment helps to explain how different accents are created among enclosed (封闭的) communities—and may help us know why American and British English have developed as they have． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。介绍了科学家研究封闭社群中新口音的形成。 5．What were the scientists expected to do during the study？ A．Tell stories． B．Show pictures． C．Make sentences． D．Read and record words． 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第三段“As part of the study，they had to record themselves reading a list of vocabularies from a computer screen every few weeks．” 可知，参与研究的科学家们需要每隔几周从电脑屏幕上阅读一系列词汇并进行录音。故选D。 6．Which word's pronunciation may change in the enclosed community in the study？ A．Show． B．Egg． C．Cup． D．Hat． 解析：选A。推理判断题。从第四段“When the recordings were studied，the researchers found that the pronunciation of words with an /əʊ/ sound—such as ‘flow’ ‘code’ and ‘sew’—had changed a little over the six months．” 可知，在研究中，带有 /əʊ/ 音的单词发音发生了变化。A项 “Show” 发音为 /ʃəʊ/，带有/əʊ/音。故选A。 7．Which of the following do the researchers agree with concerning the finding？ A．It proves life in Antarctica is difficult． B．It uncovers the connection of vowel sounds． C．It helps build communication among people with different accents． D．It may explain American and British English's development． 解析：选D。细节理解题。由最后一段 “the researchers believe the experiment helps to explain how different accents are created among enclosed (封闭的) communities—and may help us know why American and British English have developed as they have” 可知，研究人员认为该研究有助于解释美式英语和英式英语的发展。故选D。 8．What is the best title for the text？ A．Different Accents Around the World B．The Development of English Language C．Does a New Accent Form Among Enclosed Communities？ D．What Would Scientists' Daily Life Be Like in Antarctica？ 解析：选C。主旨大意题。文章开篇以想象在南极洲与世隔绝的科学家群体是否会形成新口音引入话题，接着介绍研究过程，最后得出研究结果可能有助于解释封闭群体中新口音的形成，以及美式和英式英语的发展。C项“在封闭的社区中会形成新的口音吗？”为最佳标题。故选C。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五(每小题2．5分，共12．5分) If you are like most international students，you are probably pretty comfortable reading and writing in English．1( ) Below are some tips to help you to improve your conversational skills． Make friends with native students．Many international students end up making friends with only other international students instead of native speakers．2( ) In fact，hanging out with natives not only naturally pushes you to improve your spoken English，but also helps you pick up cultural and social information． Learn from native friends．Tell your native friends that you are trying to improve your listening and speaking skills，and would like them to help you．If you pronounce a word incorrectly，or misuse an idiom，you ask them to guide you．3( ) Increase your knowledge．4( ) If you have been exposed to topics that are likely to be discussed in conversation，you have a much better chance of understanding people when they talk，and of being able to express yourself well． 5( ) If you have to explain something to someone，you are eager to pronounce everything as well as you can to explain yourself．Finally，this becomes a good habit．Many people have asked me how I learned to speak English fluently，and I owe most of it to my years of being a math teacher in college for years． A．If possible，become a teacher at your school． B．Explaining everything in a different way counts． C．You are likely to make great progress in this way． D．It's a win-win opportunity for international students． E．It has a bad impact on improving your spoken English． F．Keep up with the latest news and watch popular shows and movies． G．You may have trouble in listening and speaking in the language，however． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一些帮助你提高英语对话技巧的建议。 1．解析：选G。根据上文“you are probably pretty comfortable reading and writing in English”和下文“Below are some tips to help you to improve your conversational skills．”可知，你可能很擅长用英语阅读和写作，但在英语对话方面可能有困难。G项“然而，你可能在这门语言的听说方面有困难。”和上文形成转折关系，符合文意。 2．解析：选E。根据上文“Many international students end up making friends with only other international students instead of native speakers．”可知，许多国际学生只和其他国际学生交朋友，而不是和母语为英语的人交朋友。E项“它对提高你的英语口语有不好的影响。”承接上文，说明上文产生的影响。 3．解析：选C。根据上文“If you pronounce a word incorrectly，or misuse an idiom，you ask them to guide you．”可知，C项“用这种方法你很可能会取得很大的进步。”承接上文，说明这种方法的好处。 4．解析：选F。根据上文“Increase your knowledge．”可知，F项“跟上最新的新闻，看流行的节目和电影。”承接上文，介绍了增加知识的渠道。 5．解析：选A。本段为段落中心句。根据下文“Many people have asked me how I learned to speak English fluently，and I owe most of it to my years of being a math teacher in college for years．”可知，作者认为自己英语流利是要归功于多年来在大学里当数学老师的经历。A项“如果可能的话，在你的学校当老师。”符合本段主旨，可以统领整段。 Ⅲ．语法填空(每小题1．5分，共15分) Even native English speakers have trouble 1 (understand) the New Zealand accent (口音) sometimes！ English is one of the official languages of New Zealand．However，the way Kiwis (新西兰人) speak English sounds rather different to the way it 2 (speak) in the USA or the UK．The New Zealand accent is 3 (particular) special．Some people mistake it for the Australian accent but it's not quite the same．Here are some 4 (example)： Vowels (元音) can sound very different in New Zealand English compared 5 American English or British English．For example，the word “kit” in New Zealand English sounds more like “cut”． The “r” sound is often very soft when Kiwis speak and sometimes 6 is hard to hear it at all！ For example，the word “farm” sounds more like “faahm”．This can be confusing for people 7 have learned American English where the “r” sound is very clear． Kiwis often speak with a rising tone (音调) at the end of 8 (they) sentences，making it sound like they are asking a question．If you're talking to someone and you're not sure what they're saying，don't be afraid to ask them 9 (repeat) themselves slowly．Remember，Kiwis are very 10 (friend) and are happy to help． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。介绍了新西兰人说英语的方式和美国人或英国人说英语的方式大不相同。新西兰口音很特别。 1．解析：understanding。考查非谓语动词。句意：即使是以英语为母语的人有时也很难理解新西兰口音！have trouble (in) doing sth．意为“做某事有困难”，故本空应用动名词形式。 2．解析：is spoken。考查时态和语态。句意：然而，新西兰人说英语的方式和美国人或英国人说英语的方式相当不同。根据空前动词speak可知，本句阐释客观事实，且句子主语it指的是English，与动词speak之间为被动关系，故本空应用一般现在时的被动语态。 3．解析：particularly。考查副词。句意：新西兰口音尤其特别。本空修饰形容词special，故应用副词作状语。 4．解析：examples。考查名词复数。句意：下面是一些例子。根据空前some可知，本空应用名词复数形式。 5．解析：with。考查固定搭配。句意：与美国英语或英国英语相比，新西兰英语中的元音听起来非常不同。compared with意为“和……相比”，故本空应用介词with。 6．解析：it。考查it作形式主语。句意：新西兰人说话的时候，“r”这个音通常很轻，有时根本听不清！本空在句中作形式主语，不定式短语to hear it作真正的主语，故本空应用it。 7．解析：who/that。考查定语从句。句意：对于那些学过美式英语的人来说，这可能会让他们感到困惑，因为美式英语中的“r”音非常清晰。本空引导定语从句，先行词为people，本空在定语从句中作主语、指人，故应用关系代词who或that。 8．解析：their。考查代词。句意：新西兰人说话时经常在句末用升调，听起来像是在问问题。本空修饰空后名词sentences，故应用形容词性物主代词their。 9．解析：to repeat。考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你在和某人说话，而你不确定他们在说什么，不要害怕让他们慢慢地重复一遍。ask sb．to do sth．意为“让某人做某事”，故本空应用不定式作宾语补足语。 10．解析：friendly。考查形容词。句意：记住，新西兰人非常友好，很乐意帮忙。本空在句中作表语，故应用形容词friendly。 Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas Step One　Lead-in Have you ever had a misunderstanding which occurred because of different English expressions in different regions？What happened？ Yes，I have．When I was communicating with an English friend from the UK，I said，“I need to buy some pants．” In the United States，“pants” means trousers．But in the UK，“pants” usually refers to underwear．My friend gave me a strange look and asked why I was suddenly talking about buying underwear．I was really confused at first．Then we realized the difference in our understanding of the word．After that，I learned to be more aware of these regional differences in English expressions． Step Two　Read for the main idea 1．Match the main idea with each paragraph． Para．1 A．Confusion about “the first floor” in a New York shopping centre． Para．2 B．Surprise at the use of “wicked” for a nice grandpa． Para．3 C．Disappointment with “Not bad！” on a good English paper． Para．4 D．Forum got many posts on funny English stories． Para．5 E．Misunderstanding of “a frog in her throat” by a student． 答案：Para．1—D；Para．2—E；Para．3—A；Para．4—B；Para．5—C 2．What's mainly talked about in the text？ A．Trouble in learning English． B．A bad experience． C．Misunderstandings of English words． D．The benefit of learning English． 答案：C Step Three　Read for details Ⅰ．Read Para．1 carefully and do the following exercises． 1．How did the forum's participants respond to the question？ A．With indifference． B．With very few posts． C．With enthusiasm． D．With confusion． 2．What's the purpose of sharing the favourite posts？ A．To show how many posts the forum got． B．To encourage people to learn more English． C．To make people laugh at the stories． D．To remind people of the difference of two kinds of English． 答案：1．C　2．D Ⅱ．Read Para．2 carefully and do the following exercise． What does the phrase “had a frog in her throat” actually mean in this context？ A．She ate a frog． B．She had a sore throat． C．She was feeling very hungry． D．She was speaking with a frog-like voice． 答案：B Ⅲ．Read Para．3 carefully and do the following exercises． 1．The speaker went to the shopping centre to buy winter boots． 2．What does the author's experience mainly show？ A．People in the info desk are often unreliable． B．One should always double-check the information． C．There are differences in floor expressions in different places． D．It's hard to buy things in a strange shopping centre． 答案：C 3．Fill in the form British English American English 一楼 ground floor first floor Ⅳ．Read Para．4 carefully and decide if the following statements are True or False． 1．Julien met his English penfriend in London last winter．(F) 2．Julien's penfriend actually said his grandfather was really nice．(T) 3．Julien didn't like his penfriend's grandfather when he met him．(F) Ⅴ．Read Para．5 carefully and do the following exercises． 1．Why did the author feel disappointed with the comment “Not bad！”？ A．Because the author thought the teacher was being sarcastic． B．Because the author expected a more positive and higher praise． C．Because “Not bad！” is a positive comment in Chinese culture． D．Because the teacher didn't point out any grammar mistakes． 2．What can we infer about the meaning of “Not bad！” in British culture from this story？ A．It means the work is excellent and perfect． B．It means the work is just average and not outstanding． C．It means the work is very bad and needs improvement． D．It means the teacher doesn't care about the student's work． 答案：1．B　2．A Step Four　Consolidation Please talk about some interesting English idioms you've learned．You can organise your presentation according to the following questions． 1．What is some of the most interesting English idioms that have left a deep impression on you？ 2．How did you first come across these idioms？For example，was it through reading，watching movies，or communicating with others？ 3．Can you explain the literal and actual meanings of these idioms in your own words？ 4．Have you ever used these idioms in your daily English communication？If so，what was the situation like？ Your presentation： 　　The most interesting English idiom for me is “a piece of cake”．I first heard “a piece of cake” from my English teacher when she was encouraging us to solve an easy problem．It literally means a slice of cake，but in fact，it means something that is very easy．I've used “a piece of cake” several times．Once，when my classmate was worried about an English test，I told him，“Don't worry．This test is just a piece of cake．” It made him feel more relaxed． ◎ Misadventures① in English Forum Announcement Last week，our forum② asked if you had any funny③ or strange stories about using English[1]．We didn't expect④ to get so many posts！ Here are some of our favourites，to remind⑤ us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather⑥ different from the English in the outside world⑦！[2] 366　325 comments⑧　Share　favourites [1]if引导宾语从句，if在从句中不作成分，意为“是否”。 [2]本句为here置于句首引起的完全倒装句。其中that引导宾语从句，that在从句中不作成分，也不表示任何意义；we learn in the classroom为定语从句，修饰English，引导词在从句中作宾语，故可以省略。 Yancy People say that the British always play safe⑨ with what they eat．[3]Not true！ I went to a summer school in Manchester and my English teacher was called Maggie．One day，a different teacher took our class．He told us that Maggie couldn't teach that day COZ she had a frog⑩ in her throat⑪．Poor Maggie—but why did she try to eat such a big frog？ 135 comments　Share　favourites [3]本句中that引导的宾语从句作say的宾语；what they eat为what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作宾语。 Sophie When I first visited New York，I went to a downtown⑫ shopping centre⑬ to buy some winter boots⑭．At the information desk at the entrance⑮，I asked a lady where the shoe section⑯ was[4]．She said that it was on the first floor．So I went up to the first floor，but couldn't find any shoes．I decided to⑰ leave．When I was looking for the exit⑱，I saw that shoes were actually⑲ sold downstairs⑳ on the ground floor，not the first floor．Why did she give me the wrong information？ 128 comments　Share　favourites [4]where引导宾语从句，where在从句中作地点状语。 Julien I've got an English penfriend，who I finally got to meet in London this summer[5]．He had told me that his grandfather was“really wicked”．But when I met his grandfather，I liked him a lot．I found it very odd．Why did my friend use a negative word about such a nice man？ 63 comments　Share　favourites [5]本句为who引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰an English penfriend，引导词在从句中作宾语，指人。 Zheng Xu The British must have really high standards．I was part of a student exchange programme between a university in England and my university in China．I spent days preparing and writing my first English paper．I knew I had done a good job and was looking forward to getting a positive comment．When I got the paper back，I found my teacher had written the comment“Not bad！”[6]Not bad？But there weren't any errors in my paper． 85 comments　Share　favourites [6]When引导的是时间状语从句；my teacher had written the comment “Not bad！”为that引导的宾语从句，that只起连接作用，本身没有词义，所以经常省略(如本句)。 ◎ ① misadventure n．事故，灾难 ② forum n．(因特网上的)论坛，讨论区 ③ funny adj．有趣的，好笑的，滑稽的 ④ expect v．期望，预料 ⑤ remind v．提醒，使……想起 ⑥ rather adv．相当，颇 ⑦ the outside world 外部世界，外面的世界 ⑧ comment n．评论 ⑨ play safe 谨慎行事，避免冒险 ⑩ frog n．蛙，青蛙 ⑪ throat n．喉咙，咽喉 have a frog in one's throat (尤因喉咙痛)说话困难 ⑫ downtown adj．在城镇中心区的，在闹市区的 ⑬ shopping centre购物中心 ⑭ boot n．靴子 ⑮ entrance n．大门(口)，入口(处) ⑯ section n．区域 ⑰ decide to do sth．决定做某事 ⑱ exit n．出口 ⑲ actually adv．事实上，实际上 ⑳ downstairs adv．在楼下 ㉑finally adv．最终；最后 ㉒wicked adj．缺德的，邪恶的；很棒的，极好的 ㉓odd adj．奇特的，古怪的 ㉔negative adj．消极的，负面的 ㉕standard n．标准，规格 adj．标准的，合格的 ㉖exchange n．(学生、教师等的)互访，交换 ㉗spend time doing sth．花费时间做某事 ㉘do a good job干得好 ㉙look forward to期待，盼望 ㉚error n．错误，谬误 ◎ 英语使用中的小意外 论坛公告 上周，我们的论坛问大家是否有关于使用英语的奇闻趣事，我们没料到会收到这么多回复！以下是我们最喜欢的几条，用以提醒我们，有些我们在课堂上学到的英语和在课堂之外(使用)的英语真是太不一样了！ 366个赞　325条评论　分享　收藏夹 杨希 人们说英国人在食物方面很谨慎，不是这样的！我去曼彻斯特的一个暑期学校学习，我的英语老师叫玛吉。有一天，另外一位老师给我们上课，他告诉我们玛吉那天不能授课，因为她的喉咙里有一只青蛙。可怜的玛吉，为什么要试图吃这么大的一只青蛙？ 135条评论　分享　收藏夹 索菲 当我第一次到纽约时，我去一个市中心的购物中心买冬靴。我在入口处的服务台问一位女士鞋区在哪里，她说在二楼。于是我去了二楼，结果没找到一双鞋子。我决定离开了。当我在找出口时，我看到鞋子事实上是在楼下的一楼售卖，而非二楼。她为什么要给我错误的信息呢？ 128条评论　分享　收藏夹 朱利恩 我有一位英国笔友，今年夏天我们终于在伦敦相见。他曾告诉我说他的祖父是“非常邪恶的”，但当我见到他的祖父时，我很喜欢他。我发现这非常奇怪，为什么我的朋友要用个贬义词来描述这么好的一个人呢？ 63条评论　分享　收藏夹 郑旭 英国人的标准一定非常高。我是中英两国两所大学交换生项目的成员。我花费了数日准备和撰写了我的第一篇英语论文。我知道自己写得很好，并期待得到老师积极的评价。当我拿回论文时，我发现老师写下的评语是“不算坏！”不算坏？但我的论文里并没有任何错误。 85条评论　分享　收藏夹 addition n．增加物，添加物(联想：additional adj．额外的，附加的) 【教材原句】　Each year，many additions are made to English dictionaries． 每年，英语词典都会增加许多词条。 【用法归纳】 (1)in addition(＝as well/besides)“除……之外”，副词短语，常放在句首，也可放在句中、句尾 (2)in addition to(＝as well as/besides/apart from)“除……之外”，介词短语，后接名词或动名词 【佳句必背】　In addition to feeling excited，I also felt a bit nervous before my job interview．(读后续写之心理描写)除了感到兴奋，我在工作面试前也有些紧张。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①In addition to reading (read) for knowledge，we read for fun and inspiration． ②Exercising in the morning provides additional (addition) benefits besides being physically healthy． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ③(应用文之活动介绍)除了表演和艺术展，这里还有来自不同国家的传统美食摊位，所以你千万不要错过。 In addition to performances and art exhibitions，there were also traditional food stalls from various countries so you mustn't miss it． remind v．提醒，使……想起(联想：reminder n．引起回忆的事物；提醒人的事物；通知单) 【教材原句】　Here are some of our favourites，to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world！ 以下是我们最喜欢的几条，用以提醒我们，有些我们在课堂上学到的英语和在课堂之外(使用)的英语真是太不一样了！ 【用法归纳】 (1)remind sb．of sth． 提醒某人某事 (2)remind sb．to do sth． 提醒某人做某事 (3)remind sb．that．．． 提醒某人…… 【佳句必背】　She looked at me with a gentle smile，reminding me of the first time we met．(读后续写之表情描写) 她带着温柔的微笑看着我，让我想起我们第一次见面的时候。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①The song she sang reminded me of the first time I met my best friend． ②My mother always reminds me to wear (wear) a warm coat when I go out in winter． ③She kept it as a reminder (remind) of not easily letting go of dreams． ④In our childhood，we were often reminded (remind) by Grandma to pay attention to our table manners． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ⑤那些老照片总是让我想起和朋友们共度的快乐时光。 The old photographs always remind me of the happy times spent with my friends． intend v．计划，打算；想要[联想：intention n．打算，意图　intended adj．为……打算(或设计的)] 【用法归纳】 (1)intend to do sth． 打算做某事 intend sb．to do sth． 打算让某人做某事 had intended to do．．．＝intended to have done．．． 原本打算做…… (2)be intended for 专门为……准备/设计的 be intended to do sth． 打算做某事；旨在做某事 (3)with the intention of 有……的目的 【佳句必背】　All the activities are intended to raise our awareness of protecting traditional Chinese culture．(应用文之活动介绍) 所有这些活动都旨在提高我们保护中国传统文化的意识。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①He intended to improve (improve) his cooking skills by taking a cooking class． ②This book is intended for primary and middle school students，aged between 6 and 15． ③They moved to a new city with the intention (intend) of starting a fresh chapter in their lives． ④The new law is intended to protect (protect) consumers from unfair practices． 【写成佳句】　一句多译 ⑤昨晚我原本打算去拜访你的，可是天下起雨来了。 →I had intended to visit you last night，but it rained． →I intended to have visited you last night，but it rained． recognise v．认识，辨认出；承认(联想：recognition n．承认，认可；认出，识别　recognisable adj．容易认出的) 【用法归纳】 (1)recognise sb．as/to be．．． 承认某人是…… It is (widely) recognised that．．． 人们公认…… (2)beyond/out of (all) recognition 认不出来 【佳句必背】　①The dog recognised its owner and waved its tail excitedly．(读后续写之动作描写) 小狗认出了它的主人，兴奋地摇着尾巴。 ②Can you recognise differences between American English and British English？ 你能辨别美式英语和英式英语之间的差异吗？ 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①The team recognised him as the most valuable player of the season． ②He had changed so much over the years that he was beyond recognition (recognise)． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ③(应用文之健康)人们普遍认为，定期锻炼对保持健康很重要。 It is widely recognised that regular exercise is important for maintaining good health． base v．以……为基础 n．底部，根据，据点，基地(联想：basis n．基础　basic adj．基础的　basically adv．基本上) 【用法归纳】 (1)base．．．on．．．　 　 以……为……的基础 be based on 以……为基础；根据…… (2)on the basis of．．． 在……的基础上 【佳句必背】　①When it comes to choosing courses，the basic rule is to base our choice on our own interests and strengths．(应用文之建议信) 当谈到选课时，基本的原则是把我们的选择建立在我们的兴趣和强项的基础上。 ②Wisdom is often based on the lessons we learned from our mistakes and failures．(读后续写之哲理句) 智慧往往建立在从我们的错误和失败中吸取教训的基础上。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①You should base your conclusion on careful research instead of personal experience． ②A good parent-children relationship should be set up on the basis (base) of mutual understanding and respect． ③The two plans are basically (basic) the same，with only some minor differences． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ④(应用文之建议信)你应该记住，良好的友谊是建立在相互理解和尊重的基础上的。 You should keep in mind that good friendship is based on mutual understanding and respect． be aware of 意识到，察觉到(联想：awareness n．意识；认识；明白，知道) 【用法归纳】 (1)be aware that．．． 意识到……；体会到…… (2)raise one's awareness of．．． 提高某人的……意识 【佳句必背】　I was aware that she was trembling．(读后续写之动作描写) 我意识到她在发抖。 【练透考点】　单句语法填空 ①We should double our efforts to raise people's awareness (aware) of protecting the environment． 【写成佳句】　完成句子 ②(读后续写之人生哲理)只有当你意识到时间的价值时，你才能更好地利用它。 Only when you are aware of the value of time can you make better use of it． 1．recognise ①(2024·全国甲卷)Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to recognise you in the future． C ②(2021·全国乙卷)Komodo National Park，officially recognised in 1980，is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity． A ③Through this activity，all of the players recognised the importance of teamwork． B 2．写出句中加黑单词的词性及汉语意思 ①Put your luggage in the boot．n．(汽车后部的)行李厢 ②The children were entranced by the story．v．使入迷 ③She exited the room quietly．v．退场，离去 [课后分层练6] (时间：40分钟　满分：82．5分) Ⅰ．单词拼写(每小题1分，共10分) 1．The entrance (入口) to the park is on the left side of the street． 2．She rushed towards the exit (出口) as soon as the movie ended． 3．This is a non-profit organization (组织) which aims to help the disabled to realize their dreams． 4．The traffic in downtown (在闹市区的) area is always heavy during rush hours． 5．All guests are waiting for you downstairs (在楼下)，so you'd better hurry up． 6．We should avoid having a negative (消极的) attitude towards difficulties． 7．We must take measures to protect natural resources (资源) for future generations． 8．You don't need to dress so formally tonight； it's just an informal (非正式的) party． 9．You can contact (联系) me at any time if you need any more help． 10．In this context (上下文)，his words have a completely different meaning． Ⅱ．单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．It's likely to rain (rain) tomorrow，so bring an umbrella． 2．Different types (type) of books can provide us with different knowledge． 3．They are unfamiliar with the local customs and traditions． 4．In addition to studying hard，he also participates in many extracurricular activities． 5．I intend to travel (travel) around the world after graduation． 6．I thought he was joking，but he was actually (actual) serious． 7．The novel is based on the author's own life experiences in a small town． 8．My mother always reminds me to lock (lock) the door before going to bed． 9．Einstein was recognized as one of the greatest physicists of all time． 10．There is a growing awareness (aware) of the importance of mental health． Ⅲ．完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．我在公园散步时，偶然遇见了一位多年未见的老朋友。(come across) When I was walking in the park，I came across an old friend I hadn't seen for years． 2．你需要意识到时间管理的重要性。(aware) You need to be aware of the importance of time management． 3．当我知道她为我所做的事时，感激的泪水在我眼中涌出。(what引导宾语从句) Tears of gratitude welled up in my eyes as I knew what she had done for me． 4．这里有一些提示供您参考。(here倒装句) Here are some tips for your reference． 5．他拒绝对队友的私生活发表任何评论。(comment) He refused to make any comment on/about his teammate's personal life． Ⅳ．课文语法填空(每小题1．5分，共15分) When learning English，almost every one of us meets some misadventures and some funny 1stories (story)．They can remind us that what we learn in class is 2different (differ) from the English outside the classroom．Yancy finds the British don't always play safe 3with their food because someone said that her teacher Maggie 4had (have) a frog in her throat．What surprising news！Once Sophie went to buy some boots and 5was told (tell) the boots were on 6the first floor but she didn't find them“there”．How 7confusing (confuse)！ Julien was also surprised about his penfriend，8who used a negative word about his nice grandfather．And as a Chinese exchange student，Zheng Xu felt the British had 9higher (high) standards than Chinese．He spent days 10preparing (prepare) his English paper and only got “Not bad！” Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题2．5分，共10分) Being the cat's whiskers (胡须) is a humorous and positive way of noting that something is considered to be very near perfect．The humorous and cute images that this particular term brings to mind have to do with the use of the whiskers of the cat，including the ability to express feelings，sense changes in the environment，help with hunting (捕猎)，and help the cat measure distance (测量距离)． Different views are held on the exact origin (起源) of the English saying “cat's whiskers”．Some believe that the term，along with the similar “cat's meow”，has its origin in girls' boarding schools of the 19th century．Others believe that the term was first brought to life by Thomas Dorgan，an artist who was active during the early years of the 20th century．What is generally agreed is that by the 1920s，both “cat's whiskers” and “cat's meow” were often used in the United States，and commonly used as a term among young people of college age． Unlike other sayings that may sometimes carry positive or negative meanings depending on the setting，“cat's whiskers” is always used in a positive way．An employer (雇主) may use the term to refer to an employee who produces wonderful work．Proud parents may say this to their children when they perform well in a school play or win some type of competition．In each situation，“cat's whiskers” is used to show warm feelings for another person． While not used as commonly as before，being the cat's whiskers is still generally understood to be a good thing．Younger people may sometimes have to receive an explanation of what the term means，which can lead to seeing the use of the saying in a funny way．Even those who consider the saying to be outdated and not worthy of use in public may still use the term to show love and respect in private settings． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。介绍了英语俚语“cat's whiskers”的含义、起源及其在不同场合下的正面应用。 1．What can the expression “cat's whiskers” be used to describe？ A．Something that will never happen． B．Something that is better than everything else． C．Something that causes misunderstandings． D．Something that needs to be measured． 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第一段 “Being the cat's whiskers (胡须) is a humorous and positive way of noting that something is considered to be very near perfect．” 可知，“cat's whiskers” 用于描述被认为近乎完美的事物，也就是比其他一切都好的事物。故选B。 2．What do most people believe about “cat's whiskers”？ A．It was used a lot in the US in the 1920s． B．It was first used in college． C．It developed from “cat's meow”． D．It mainly refers to girls． 解析：选A。细节理解题。从第二段 “What is generally agreed is that by the 1920s，both ‘cat's whiskers’ and ‘cat's meow’ were often used in the United States，and commonly used as a term among young people of college age．” 可知，大多数人认为到 20 世纪 20 年代，“cat's whiskers” 在美国被大量使用，且在大学生中普遍使用，A 选项正确。故选A。 3．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？ A．What “cat's whiskers” meant at first． B．When “cat's whiskers” got popular． C．How “cat's whiskers” is used． D．Why “cat's whiskers” has different meanings． 解析：选C。段落大意题。第三段通过举例，如雇主用该词称赞员工，父母用该词夸赞孩子，说明 “cat's whiskers” 用于表达对他人的喜爱之情可知，第三段主要介绍了“cat's whiskers”的用法。故选C。 4．How might young people nowadays feel hearing people say “cat's whiskers”？ A．Embarrassed． B．Excited． C．Pleased． D．Confused． 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段 “Younger people may sometimes have to receive an explanation of what the term means，which can lead to seeing the use of the saying in a funny way．” 可知，现在的年轻人有时需要别人解释这个表达的意思，这表明他们听到这个说法时可能会感到困惑。故选D。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五(每小题2．5分，共12．5分) Why learn English through the news？ Learning English through the news is a great way to improve your vocabulary，listening and discussion skills．You can choose from written，audio (音频的)，video and live TV news with options both online and offline．1( ) Clear English 2( ) Their job is to give facts and summarize events for the public．English news can be easier for ESL (English as a second language) learners to understand because it has a clear context and presentation． Latest information Modern news media is a constant stream of real-life English conversations and fresh information！ 3( )When you learn English through the news，you have the chance to find out what is happening in the world right now and to interact with stories through comments．social media and discussion． Read，watch，and listen English news comes in many different forms and this gives you greater choice when learning the language．If you prefer reading，there are online newspapers and simpler news websites for ESL students．If you want to improve your listening skills and vocabulary，there are also TV news channels，YouTube videos，radio stations and podcasts (播客)．4( ) Relevant(相关的)to you Fresh news is produced daily on every imaginable topic！5( ) All you have to do is look online！If you are not interested in politics and “serious” news，why not focus on sports news or the latest from the music scene？ A．Popular stories often appear in all of these forums． B．An effective way to learn English is by frequently watching English movies． C．English news is worth including in your study plan for the following reasons． D．Even the word “news”comes from the Latin term “nova”，meaning “new things”． E．Most journalists and newsreaders use Standard English and express themselves well． F．Most learners of English have difficulties understanding original newspapers and TV news． G．Whatever you like，you will always be able to find news articles and stories that are relevant to you． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。介绍了为什么要通过英语新闻来学习英语。 1．解析：选C。上文提到学习英语可以通过新闻这种很棒的方式来提升词汇、听力和讨论技能，还列举了线上线下不同形式的新闻供选择，下文则开始阐述通过新闻学英语的具体优势，比如清晰的英语、最新信息等内容，C项“英语新闻值得包括在你的学习计划中，原因如下。”符合文意。 2．解析：选E。该空后提到“他们的工作是向公众陈述事实、总结事件”，这里的 “他们” 指代的应该是从事新闻工作的人，E 项 “大多数记者和新闻播音员使用标准英语且表达清晰。”刚好解释了为什么英语新闻对于英语学习者来说容易理解，符合此处逻辑，能与后文衔接起来。E项中“use Standard English and express themselves well”和段落小标题“Clear English”呼应。 3．解析：选D。前文提到现代新闻媒体有着源源不断的现实生活中的英语对话和新鲜资讯，强调了 “新鲜” 这一特点，D项 “甚至‘新闻’这个词本身就来源于拉丁语‘nova’，意思是‘新事物。’”，进一步解释说明了新闻与 “新” 的关联性，与前文围绕 “新鲜信息” 的话题相呼应。 4．解析：选A。前面列举了不同形式的英语新闻，比如报纸、新闻网站、电视频道、视频、电台、播客等，A项 “热门故事常常会出现在所有这些平台(论坛)上”，这里的 “这些平台” 指代前文提到的各类新闻传播形式，使内容衔接自然，进一步说明了新闻的呈现形式多样且具有共通性。 5．解析：选G。前文提到新鲜的新闻每天都围绕着各种能想象到的话题产生，后文说如果对政治等严肃新闻不感兴趣，可以关注体育或音乐方面的新闻，G项“无论你喜欢什么，你总能找到与你相关的新闻文章和故事”，在话题上起到了承上启下的作用，先说明新闻话题丰富，然后引出可以根据自己的喜好去选择相关的新闻内容这一观点。 Ⅲ．语法填空(每小题1．5分，共15分) (2025·黑龙江省高一上学期期中)Chinese characters are so 1 (attract) that even many foreigners are crazy about them．For the past thirty years，Richard Sears has been concentrating 2 one thing： telling stories behind Chinese characters．His interest in Chinese language and characters dates back to 1972 3 he was a 22-year-old physics major in the USA． He built a website in 2002 and named it Chinese Etymology (词源) which provides visitors with chances to check the development of Chinese characters in a variety of 4 (form) for free．Because of this well-received website，he 5 (become) Uncle Hanzi，a nickname (昵称) which was given by Chinese netizens． In September，Sears set up 6 (he) studio in Nanjing as part of the local government's plan to promote Chinese culture．They have made over 60 videos in English with Chinese subtitles for Bilibili，7 popular video website among young people．8 (watch) the videos not only brings fun but also makes people know more about Chinese characters，leaving them a deep 9 (impress)． With the tireless efforts of people like Richard Sears and the government's support，people will 10 (full) appreciate the beauty of Chinese characters． [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Richard Sears一直专注于讲述汉字背后的故事。 1．解析：attractive。考查形容词。句意：汉字是如此有吸引力，甚至许多外国人都为之疯狂。由句意及空前的Chinese characters are so可知应填形容词形式attractive，作表语。故填attractive。 2．解析：on。考查介词。句意：在过去的三十年里，Richard Sears一直专注于一件事：讲述汉字背后的故事。concentrate on“专注于……”，固定搭配。故填on。 3．解析：when。考查定语从句。句意：他对中文和汉字的兴趣可以追溯到1972年，当时22岁的他在美国主修物理。此处为限制性定语从句，先行词为1972，从句中不缺成分，应用关系副词when。故填when。 4．解析：forms。考查名词。句意：他在2002年建立了一个网站，并将其命名为“汉语词源”，访问者可以以各种形式免费查看汉字的演讲。由句意及空前的in a variety of可知应填名词复数形式forms，作宾语。故填forms。 5．解析：became。考查动词时态。句意：因为这个广受欢迎的网站，他成为汉字大叔，这是中国网民给他的昵称。空处为谓语动词，由后文的was given可知动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填became。 6．解析：his。考查形容词性物主代词。句意：今年9月，Sears在南京成立了自己的工作室，作为当地政府推广中国文化计划的一部分。由句意及空后的名词studio可知应填形容词性物主代词his，作定语。故填his。 7．解析：a。考查冠词。句意：他们已经为颇受年轻人欢迎的视频网站哔哩哔哩制作了60多个附有中文字幕的英文视频。由句意可知，此处应填不定冠词a，表示泛指，意为“一个”。故填a。 8．解析：Watching。考查动名词。句意：观看这些视频不仅带来了乐趣，而且还使人们更多地了解汉字，给他们留下了深刻的印象。由句意及空后的“the videos not only brings fun but also makes people know more about Chinese characters”可知，空处应填动名词形式，在句中作主语，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Watching。 9．解析：impression。考查名词。句意：观看这些视频不仅带来了乐趣，而且还使人们更多地了解汉字，给他们留下了深刻的印象。由句意及空前的leaving them a deep可知，应填名词impression，leave sb．a deep impression“给某人留下深刻印象”，固定搭配。故填impression。 10．解析：fully。考查副词。句意：在Richard Sears等人的不懈努力和政府的支持下，人们将充分领略到汉字的美。由句意及空后的动词appreciate可知应填副词形式fully，作状语，修饰动词appreciate。故填fully。 Section Ⅳ　Writing—Writing a story about a misunderstanding in English Ⅰ．谨记写作范式 Ⅱ．积累话题素材 [常用词汇] ① keep silent 保持沉默 ② break the ice between us 打破我们之间的沉默 ③ make up my mind to take a bite 下决心咬一口尝尝 ④ rise to his feet without hesitation 毫不犹豫地站起身来 ⑤ play a joke on his classmates on purpose 故意地捉弄他的同学们 ⑥ can't help crying 禁不住哭了起来 ⑦ burst out laughing 突然大笑起来 ⑧ because of our misunderstanding of different cultures由于不同的文化而产生的误解 ⑨ result in the unhappy ending of the meeting导致这次见面不是很愉快 ⑩end up with our happy laughter 最终以我们开心的笑声结束 [出彩佳句] ① There was an interesting experience/story happening in 2021，which I still remember now． 2021年发生了一件有趣的经历/故事，现在我仍然记得。 ② Up to now，I still remember one interesting/terrible/embarrassing thing which happened years ago． 直到现在，我仍然记得多年前发生的一件有趣/糟糕/尴尬的事。 ③ To begin with，he told us that it was important to learn about the background of some words． 首先，他告诉我们了解一些单词的背景很重要。 ④ Seeing us puzzled，he gave us further explanation about that idiom． 看到我们大惑不解，他就对那个习语作了进一步的解释。 ⑤ When we realised that we had misunderstood his meaning，we couldn't help laughing． 当我们意识到我们误解了他的意思时，我们禁不住大笑起来。 假如你是李华，昨天和同班同学参加交换生Fred的生日宴会。吃饭期间，Fred突然说：“I had bigger fish to fry．”(have something more important to do)，便离开了。请根据提示情节，并做出合理想象，用英语记录这一趣事。 注意：1．词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 　　Yesterday my classmates and I were invited to Fred's birthday party． Step 1　审题谋篇·定框架 定人称 以第一、三人称为主 定时态 以一般过去时为主 定框架 第一段：受邀参加Fred的生日宴会； 第二段：Fred说了一句he had bigger fish to fry；我们误解了，Fred解释了这句英语的意思； 第三段：这是多么奇妙的经历啊。 Step 2　要点翻译·用佳句 1．我们围坐在桌子周围，享受他为我们准备的美味食物。 We sat around the table and enjoyed the delicious food he had prepared for us． [升级]　用现在分词短语作状语改写句1 We sat around the table，enjoying the delicious food he had prepared for us． 2．几分钟后，Fred从座位上站起来接了一个电话。 A few minutes later，Fred got up from his seat and answered a call． 3．他返回到桌子旁，告诉我们说他要煎一条更大的鱼让我们等一会儿。 After he returned to the table，he told us that he had bigger fish to fry and asked us to wait a moment． [升级]　用现在分词短语作状语改写句3 Returning to the table，he told us that he had bigger fish to fry and asked us to wait a moment． 4．我们都期盼他回来时带些鱼。 We all expected him to bring us some fish when he returned． 5．我问鱼在哪儿呢。这使他很困惑。 I asked where the fish was．It made him very puzzled． [升级]　用非限制性定语从句改写句5 I asked where the fish was，which made him very puzzled． 6．突然他意识到我误解他了。 Suddenly，he realised that I misunderstood him． 7．他对我们解释“having bigger fish to fry”在英语中的意思是“有更重要的事要做”。 He explained to us that having bigger fish to fry means having something more important to do in English． Step 3　连句成篇·达美文 Yesterday my classmates and I were invited to Fred's birthday party． We sat around the table，enjoying the delicious food he had prepared for us．A few minutes later，Fred got up from his seat and answered a call．Returning to the table，he told us that he had bigger fish to fry and asked us to wait a moment．We all expected him to bring us some fish when he returned．However，he came back with nothing soon．I asked where the fish was，which made him very puzzled．Suddenly，he realised that I misunderstood him，so he explained to us that having bigger fish to fry means having something more important to do in English．We all laughed and continued our dinner． What an amazing experience it is！ 主题：语言误解 情感描写 ①homesick 　　adj．想家的 ②negative 　　adj．消极的 动作描写 ①behavior n．行为，举动 ②contact v．联系；接触 ③remind v．提醒 ④wind up 　　使(活动、会议等)结束；上发条；摇上(车窗) ⑤come across 偶然发现 心理描写 ①confused adj．困惑的 ②aware adj．意识到的；知道的 ③intend v．打算；想要 ④recognise v．意识到；认出；识别 ⑤unfamiliar adj．不熟悉的 [语段情景用]　身处异国他乡，我有点想家，所以我决定买一些薯片，没想到引发了误会…… Feeling homesick in the foreign country，I decided to contact an old friend back home．1．As/When I walked through an unfamiliar street (当我穿过一条陌生的街道时)，I came across a small convenience store that 2．reminded me of the food (使我想起这个食物) I used to enjoy．3．I intended to buy (打算买) some chips to lift my spirits，but when I asked the shopkeeper for chips，he 4．looked a bit confused (看起来有点困惑)．He handed me a bag of French fries．I tried to explain，but the shopkeeper's behavior showed he struggled to understand me．5．It was not until then that I recognised (直到那时我才意识到) that the word “chips” I used had a different meaning in this country．Finally，I pointed to a bag of what I wanted，and he nodded，saying，“Ah，crisps！” As I left the store，I 6．winded/wound up the window of my car (摇上我的车窗) and drove away． 单元过关检测卷(二) [Unit 2] (满分：120分　时间：100分钟) 第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2．5分，满分37．5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A There are many podcasts (播客) that teach English and you can listen to them anytime．Here is a list of some of the best podcasts that you must see． Learn English Podcast This podcast has three levels．The first is for beginners，the second is for intermediates (中级学生) and the third is for upper intermediates．If a person wants to learn Business English，then episodes are also made for him．Every podcast is short but very informative．Worksheets and vocabulary tasks are also included． Speaking Broadly This podcast is made for advanced learners．Explained through discussion and interviews，each episode has non-native English speakers and every recording also has expert feedback．You will see some common mistakes made by English learners and you can improve your English by learning from those mistakes． The English We Speak This podcast airs one episode daily and every episode is only three to four minutes，which talks about phrases and idioms．There are two people in each episode who communicate with each other．Whatever level you are，you will find it rewarding． Elementary Podcast This podcast is mainly for beginners and intermediate level learners．The length of a podcast is around 25 minutes but you can pause it anytime and continue whenever you want．The hosts of each episode are different． [语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。介绍了四个可以帮助英语学习的英语播客。 1．Which podcast provides exercises going with it？ A．Learn English Podcast． B．Speaking Broadly． C．The English We Speak． D．Elementary Podcast． 解析：选A。 细节理解题。根据Learn English Podcast部分中“Every podcast is short but very informative．Worksheets and vocabulary tasks are also included．”可知，Learn English Podcast提供了活页练习题和词汇练习。故选A。 2．What do we know about Speaking Broadly？ A．It records just expert speakers． B．It aims at beginners． C．It presents some typical mistakes． D．It provides feedback from listeners． 解析：选C。 细节理解题。根据Speaking Broadly部分中“You will see some common mistakes made by English learners and you can improve your English by learning from those mistakes．”可知，该播客提供了英语学习者经常会犯的错误。故选C。 3．What do The English We Speak and Elementary Podcast have in common？ A．They have the same length． B．They are both interactive． C．They share the same contents． D．They are suitable for beginners． 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据The English We Speak部分中“Whatever level you are，you will find it rewarding．”和Elementary Podcast中“This podcast is mainly for beginners and intermediate level learners．”可知，The English We Speak和Elementary Podcast这两个博客的共同之处在于两者都适合初学者。故选D。 B (2025·山西省名校协作高一上期中)I began learning languages at the age of five，when my parents sent me to an after-school French class at my primary school．My parents，who speak English，stressed using different languages at home—even Grandpa could speak a foreign language！ I don't remember much from those early classes，aside from learning different colours and days of the week over and over，but I do know that it was during these moments that I first discovered the joy of journeying away from my surroundings with words．Because in French class it was easy to imagine we were somewhere else， far away from the present，which was a really attractive idea to a young child with a wild imagination． I stuck with French as I grew up； it was one of those strong relationships that provide comfort．It wasn't until I began learning Spanish (西班牙语) at age 11 that I experienced a more transformative (变化的) relationship with languages． Looking back，it strikes me that Spanish，for me，was always about feelings．At the beginning the focus was on learning words and grammar to describe how I was feeling，but I somehow ended up with a language that helped me express myself better than my native language． After years of studying Spanish at school，and living in Spain，my Spanish came to match，and perhaps even exceed (超过)，my English．Despite having returned to the UK ten years ago，now I still often find myself stuck in English conversations，unable to express a thought or feeling with quite the same depth as I would be able to in Spanish． Spanish affords me another kind of liveliness．I'm not just “in love”．To me，“te echo de menos” houses more feeling than “I miss you，” which takes me back to a time in my life that I miss a lot． [语篇解读]本文为一篇记叙文，作者回顾了学习法语和西班牙语的心路历程，表达了其对西班牙语的热爱之情。 4．What is the author's native language？ A．French． B．English． C．Spanish． D．Chinese． 解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第一段 “My parents，who speak English” 以及第四段 “Despite having returned to the UK ten years ago”可知，作者父母说英语，家乡在英国。由此可推知，作者的母语是英语。故选B。 5．Why did the author feel enjoyable in French class？ A．He could picture an amazing world． B．He had no homework to do． C．He could turn to his parents for help． D．He found it similar to English． 解析：选A。细节理解题。从第一段 “Because in French class it was easy to imagine we were somewhere else， far away from the present，which was a really attractive idea to a young child with a wild imagination．” 可知，在法语课上，作者很容易想象自己身处别处，远离当下，对于一个充满奇思妙想的小孩来说这很有吸引力，即作者能在法语课上想象出一个奇妙的世界，所以感到愉快。故选A。 6．How is Spanish different from other languages for the author？ A．It uses a host of simpler words． B．It leads to more misunderstanding． C．It has more difficult grammar rules． D．It allows him to better express feelings． 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第三段“but I somehow ended up with a language that helped me express myself better than my native language”可知，西班牙语比作者的母语更能帮助作者表达自己。故选D。 7．What does the author want to say in the last paragraph？ A．He succeeded at the cost of hard work． B．Learning a language takes too much time． C．Spanish brings the happy past into his mind． D．He often misses the vacation spent in the UK． 解析：选C。推理判断题。最后一段 “‘te echo de menos’ houses more feeling than ‘I miss you，’ which takes me back to a time in my life that I miss a lot．” 表明，西班牙语 “te echo de menos” 比英语 “I miss you” 承载更多情感，能让作者回想起生命中非常怀念的一段时光，也就是西班牙语能让作者想起快乐的过去。故选C。 C (2025·四川省达州铁路中学高一上期中)Foreign visitors to the UK might be disappointed when they learn that not everyone there speaks like Harry Potter and his friends．Usually，there's an assumption by many non-Brits that everyone in Britain speaks with what's known as a Received Pronunciation (RP，标准发音) accent，also called “the Queen's English”．However，while many people do talk this way，most Britons speak in their own regional accents． Scouse，Glaswegian and the Black Country—from Liverpool，Glasgow and the West Midlands—are just three of the countless non-RP accents that British people speak with．There are even differences in accents between towns or cities just 30 kilometers apart．What is even more disappointing is that not speaking in a RP accent may mean a British person is judged and even treated differently in their everyday life． In a 2015 study by the University of New South Wales，videos of people reading a passage in three different UK accents were shown to a second group of people．The group then rated how intelligent they thought the readers sounded．The lowest-rated accent was the Brummie accent，native to people from Birmingham，a city whose accent is considered the working class． However，there is no need to be disappointed though you are not speaking in a RP accent．In fact，doing the opposite may even give you advantages． Kong Seong-jae，25，is an Internet celebrity from Seoul．After studying in the UK，he picked up several regional accents．He's now famous for his online videos，where he shows off the various accents he's learned．“British people usually get really excited when I use some of their local dialect words，and they become much friendlier．I think it makes a bit of bond between local people and foreigners to speak in their local accent，” he said． So if you're working on perfecting your British accent，try to speak like someone from Liverpool，Glasgow or Birmingham．You may not sound like Harry Potter，but you are likely to make more friends． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。介绍了英国的口音多样性，以及人们对于标准发音(RP，即“女王英语”)的误解，指出不使用标准发音并不意味着不利，有时甚至可能带来优势。文章鼓励人们尝试学习和使用英国不同地区的口音，以促进与当地人的交流和友谊。 8．What can we infer from Paragraph 1？ A．Non-Brits usually hold that all Britons speak in a RP accent． B．Only “the Queen's English” is accepted in the UK． C．Foreign visitors are disappointed at their own spoken English． D．Any Received Pronunciation around the world is also called “the Queen's English”． 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第一段 “Usually，there's an assumption by many non-Brits that everyone in Britain speaks with what's known as a Received Pronunciation (RP，标准发音) accent，also called ‘the Queen's English’．” 可知，许多非英国人通常认为所有英国人都以标准发音(RP)口音说话。故选A。 9．What do people think of the Brummie accent？ A．It is favored by foreign visitors to the UK． B．It is closest to the RP accent． C．It is smart and easy to understand． D．It is spoken by people of the working class． 解析：选D。细节理解题。由第三段“The lowest-rated accent was the Brummie accent，native to people from Birmingham，a city whose accent is considered the working class．” 可知，伯明翰口音(the Brummie accent)被认为是工人阶级说的口音。故选D。 10．What does the underlined phrase “doing the opposite” in Paragraph 4 refer to？ A．Speaking in a RP accent． B．Speaking in regional accents． C．Speaking the Brummie accent． D．Speaking like Harry Potter． 解析：选B。词义猜测题。前文提到很多人认为说 RP 口音好，而这里说 “doing the opposite may even give you advantages”，结合后文 Kong Seong-jae 学习并使用地方口音获得好处的例子，可知 “doing the opposite”指的是说地方口音。故选B。 11．What is the passage mainly about？ A．A study about the most intelligent accent in Britain． B．A comparison between different British accents． C．How much British people value the RP accent． D．The impact of regional accents on people's lives． 解析：选D。主旨大意题。本文通过介绍英国标准音之外的一些方言使用情况，说明了英国的口音多样性以及地方口音对人们生活的影响。文章也指出，不使用标准发音并不意味着不利，有时甚至可能带来优势。例如，一个来自首尔的网红通过学习英国不同地区的口音，在网上展示这些口音，从而赢得了当地人的好感和友谊。D项“地区口音对人们生活的影响。”概括文章主要内容，符合题意。 D The kitchen is not just where we prepare meals．In many places，the kitchen is the heart of the home．It's where we connect with our family and friends．We have open talks about our pleasures and problems we met during the day while we make dinner or have a bite to eat．So，it can be a very busy room in the house． Sometimes you need order in the kitchen for things to run smoothly．And sometimes you need one person to be in charge．Imagine you are cooking dinner for your friends．As you are making the soup，your friend Sara tastes it and says，“This needs more salt．” So，she adds more salt．Harlan comes to taste your soup and throws some fresh black pepper into the pot and some dried herbs．Cecilia tastes the soup and pours in some vinegar．What will the soup be like？ You are happy to spend time with your friends．But，quite frankly，all their opinions about your soup are becoming annoying．Worst of all，you taste the soup and it's awful！ And that is where we get the expression “too many cooks spoil the soup”． This expression describes an age-old problem： If too many people help to complete a task，it may not go very well．But，you may think，“If many people are trying to get something done，the task will get done faster．” After all，American English also has the expression “many hands make light work”． To answer that point，I will draw your attention to the word “cook”．Now，the cook is the leader in the kitchen．They may have assistants to help them．But the cook has the final say．So，what if a kitchen has many cooks？Who is the leader？Everyone！ And that's where the trouble comes． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。通过厨房里的场景介绍了习语“too many cooks spoil the soup(人多反误事)”的意义。 12．What does the author think of the kitchen according to the first paragraph？ A．It is crowded in many houses． B．It is where we feed our body and soul． C．It helps to brighten up people's day． D．It serves as the most useful place in a home． 解析：选B。细节理解题。第一段提到 “The kitchen is not just where we prepare meals．．．It's where we connect with our family and friends．We have open talks about our pleasures and problems．．．”，说明厨房不仅是准备食物(满足身体需求)的地方，也是和家人朋友交流、分享喜怒哀乐(满足精神需求)的地方，即厨房是满足身体和精神需求的地方。故选B。 13．Why does the author take “your friends” as an example？ A．To describe a common phenomenon (现象)． B．To vividly introduce a saying． C．To explain a way to be a good cook． D．To stress the importance of teamwork． 解析：选B。推理判断题。作者讲述朋友在做汤时纷纷给出不同意见并随意添加调料，导致汤变得糟糕，通过这个生动的例子引出 “too many cooks spoil the soup” 这一表达。故选B。 14．Which situation agrees with “too many cooks spoil the soup”？ A．A group of students get a task done together． B．Some volunteers discuss how to help others． C．Five designers want their own idea to be accepted． D．Many retired workers learn how to be a cook． 解析：选C。推理判断题。“too many cooks spoil the soup”意思是太多人参与完成一项任务可能导致事情进展不顺利，C项“五个设计师都希望自己的想法被接受”这种情况会因意见过多且难以统一，导致设计工作难以顺利开展，符合该表达情境。 15．Which of the following is the best title for the text？ A．What Happens with Too Many Cooks in the Kitchen？ B．Should a Cook Be Open to Suggestions？ C．What Could a Cook Do to Everyone's Satisfaction？ D．Why Will Too Many Cooks Work in the Kitchen？ 解析：选A。文章标题题。文章主要围绕 “too many cooks spoil the soup” 这一表达展开，先是通过厨房做汤的例子引出，接着解释其含义，还对比了与之类似的表达，A项“厨房里厨师太多会怎样？”能很好地概括文章主要内容，既包含了例子场景，又涵盖了对该表达的讨论。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2．5分，满分12．5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2025·重庆市育才中学校高一上期中) Language Learner Habits to Avoid Successful language learners do the kind of things the unsuccessful ones don't and avoid the ones that unsuccessful ones do！ This article is about language learning habits that successful learners avoid． Always being distracted．Being distracted by noises，people walking past or your own thoughts will take you away from being present．Presence is of fundamental importance in learning．16( ) Study can't make up for a lack of presence—nothing can． Only talking the talk．There is little point in making plans or talking about what you are going to do if you do not follow through．17( ) You need to walk the talk．If you are only talking the talk，maybe it has to do with one of the other habits mentioned below！ 18( ) We can all get lazy if we are doing things that are not inspiring us．Who gets lazy when they are courting a partner？Who gets lazy with things they love doing？Laziness is a sign that something has to change．Forcing yourself to persist will only last for so long，before it gives way to more laziness． Giving up．“The most certain way to succeed，” Thomas Edison once said，“is always to try just one more time．”19( ) And often，it comes after first failing time and time again． If you are doing any of these，my suggestion is to look more carefully and see if you can move away from these practices．20( ) A．Giving in to laziness． B．Learning to get rid of laziness． C．In a sense，we do learn by trial and error． D．Once you do，you will be heading in a better direction． E．Success，however you define it，never comes from not trying． F．Action is what will produce results，not just words or thoughts． G．Without that，you cannot notice the things that can help you to improve． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。介绍了语言学习者要避免的几个语言学习习惯，比如总是分心、只是说说而已以及轻易放弃等。 16．解析：选G。空前句强调专注在学习中至关重要，而该空后表明学习无法弥补缺乏专注的状况。G项“心不在焉的话，你就不会注意到那些能帮助你进步的事情。”说明专注缺失对学习的不良影响。G项中的that 指代上文中的Presence。 17．解析：选F。前文提到若不付诸行动，制定计划或谈论打算做的事毫无意义。F项“行动才会产生结果，而不仅仅是靠言语或想法。”突出行动的关键作用，与前文“光说不做无意义”的观点相呼应，强调要将想法转化为行动。 18．解析：选A。本空为段落主旨句。整段围绕人在做缺乏激励的事情时容易变得懒惰，以及懒惰是需要改变的信号等内容展开。A项“屈服于懒惰”概括了本段主旨。 19．解析：选E。前文引用托马斯·爱迪生所说的 “成功最可靠的方法是总是再尝试一次”，强调了尝试对于成功的重要性。E项“不尝试就永远不会成功——不论你如何定义它。”可以承接上文。succeed和Success是同根词复现。同时，E项中never comes与下文的it comes是对比的逻辑关系。 20．解析：选D。前文建议若存在文中提到的不良学习习惯，应仔细审视并尝试摆脱。D项“一旦你这样做了，你就会向着更好的方向前进。” 承接上文内容。D项中“Once you do”指代前文“摆脱这些不良习惯”。 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 (2025·山东省邹城市高一上学期期中)Alice is a student who came to my class last year．Though she has already turned 60，Alice looks so fit and 21 with a bright smile and an enthusiastic attitude．I am Alice's teacher in class，but I feel she is my teacher in life． For my 2-hour class every Saturday morning，Alice has to take a 3-hour round trip．But she is never 22 for class．Alice is very passionate about learning English．She often says，“Don't 23 me as a 60-year-old．I am just a new beginner who wants to learn anything 24 ．You know，I am very excited to come to the class！” So I feel a strong sense of 25 to make sure that what I teach makes sense to her． Alice came to me only with very 26 English skills，but she turns out to be a very fast learner because she always puts English 27 on a daily basis．I check her 28 before every class．It is usually not what I 29 for the class，but rather something that she 30 to put together．She makes various sentences using the important words and phrases she learned from our previous class．I am always 31 by the quality of her homework． I feel 32 to have a student like Alice．She has 33 me so much．Our interaction is a great learning 34 for both of us．Though I have no idea why she learns English，I hope I can help her 35 her dream，whatever it is． [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了60岁的Alice对学习英语很有激情，而且学习积极主动，给身为老师的作者留下了深刻印象。 21．A．strong B．cheerful C．calm D．proud 解析：选B。根据下文“with a bright smile and an enthusiastic attitude”可知，虽然Alice已经60岁了，但她看起来很健康，很阳光(cheerful)，笑容灿烂，态度热情。strong强壮的；calm镇定的；proud自豪的。 22．A．anxious B．ready C．late D．sorry 解析：选C。根据上文“For my 2-hour class every Saturday morning，Alice has to take a 3-hour round trip．But she is never”可知，为了每周六早上两个小时的课，Alice来回在路上要花三个小时，但是她上课从不迟到(late)。anxious焦虑的；ready准备好的；sorry抱歉的。 23．A．treat B．recognise C．mistake D．describe 解析：选A。根据下文“me as a 60-year-old”可知，Alice经常说“别把我看作60岁的人……”。treat．．．as．．．意为“把……看作……”。recognise识别；mistake误解；describe描述。 24．A．carefully B．obviously C．creatively D．comfortably 解析：选A。 根据上文“Alice is very passionate about learning English．”可知，Alice对学英语很有激情，想要仔细(carefully)学习。obviously明显地；creatively创造性地；comfortably舒服地。 25．A．humor B．achievement C．responsibility D．wonder 解析：选C。根据下文“to make sure that what I teach makes sense to her”可知，作者对Alice有一种责任(responsibility)感，想要确保教的东西她能听懂$