精品解析：江苏省溧阳市2025-2026学年高一上学期期中卷英语试题

阶段性调研测试高一年级英语试题 2025.11 注意：本试卷分四个部分，答案全部做在答题纸上。总分为150分。考试时间120分钟。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，每小题1.5分，满分30分) 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Who are wearing white in the movie? A. The English. B. The Americans. C. The Italians. 2. What time is it now? A. It’s 6:20. B. It’s 6:40. C. It’s 7:15. 3. What will the man do next? A. Wash the car. B. Water the plants. C. Have a rest. 4. What does the man see in the last painting? A. Some boats. B. Some mountains. C. Some houses. 5. When did the woman enter Peking University? A. One year ago. B. Two years ago. C. Three years ago. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答6、7题。 6. What is the woman doing now? A. Doing the shopping. B. Making preparations. C. Hiking in the mountains. 7. How will the weather be on the weekend according to the weather report? A. Cloudy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy. 听第7段材料，回答8-10题。 8. What is the woman going to do on Wednesday? A. Go sightseeing. B. Play sports. C. See a film. 9. When is the woman leaving for London? A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday. 10. What is the man? A. A guide. B. A coach. C. A driver. 听第8段材料，回答11-13题。 11. When will the man go to the restaurant? A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday. 12 Which table does the man prefer? A. A table in the corner. B. A table by the window. C. A table near the doorway. 13. What personal information did the man finally give? A. Home address. B. Credit-card number. C. Name and phone number. 听第9段材料，回答14-17题。 14. What will their paper focus on? A. U. S. library changes. B. Libraries worldwide. C. Changes of new technology. 15. What does the man think of digitalized books? A. Convenient. B. Not up-to-date. C. Eye-catching. 16. What will the future libraries be like in the woman’s opinion? A. They’ll be filled with computers. B. They’ll have more physical books. C. They’ll organize activities more often. 17. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Student and librarian. C. Student and professor. 听第10段材料，回答18-20题。 18. How does the speaker feel about Merritt’s completion of the adventure? A. Disappointed. B. Surprised. C. Encouraged. 19. Why did Merritt start cycling? A To improve his health. B. To realize his goal. C. To make a film. 20. When did Merritt complete his adventure? A. In October 2010. B. In October 2020. C. In October 2021. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 阅读理解 (共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A NEMO brings the importance of science and technology to the attention of a wide audience. We present complex subjects in a fun and easy-to-understand way. This is done at the well-known NEMO Science Museum. There are major exhibitions in December, 2025. Location Exhibition Introduction The first floor The new world Experience the energy captured from wind, water and the sun. You will see how renewable energy is produced. The second floor Science throughout the ages Many centuries ago, people were asking themselves the same questions you ask yourself today. But the answers have not always been the same. After all, scientists build on the discoveries of other scientists. The third floor The great voyage It will take you on a voyage of the discovery of Earth. On the way, you will know when the living things came into being on Earth. The fourth floor Time for the magic You can become a genuine scientist—for a little while at least. This floor offers many special rooms for carrying out experiments and preparing materials. Opening time NEMO is open from Monday to Sunday, from 10:00 to 17:30. Contact If you have questions about tickets, please call 531233. If you feel unsatisfied with our service please call 531234. If you meet emergencies or safety issues, please call 531235. If you want to hire an expert for consultation, please call 531238. 1. In which exhibition can visitors learn about the origin of life? A. The new world. B. Science throughout the ages. C. The great voyage. D. Time for the magic. 2. Which floor may have many laboratories? A. The first floor. B. The second floor. C. The third floor. D. The fourth floor. 3. Which telephone number will visitors call if they want to make a complaint? A. 531233. B. 531234. C. 531235. D. 531238. B There comes a time for every family when the tables turn and the parent has to answer to the child. Mine came recently when my wife and I stayed with our elder son Nathaniel in Los Angeles. A whole week under his roof! “Dad, please don’t leave the water running when you brush your teeth,” Nathaniel said on our first day. I was also caught in the act of pulling extra paper towels to wipe the kitchen counter and was instructed to use the dishcloth, which didn’t seem clean. More orders followed. Not to leave my walking shoes sitting out, and did I even need such uncomfortable footwear? Don’t wear a neck warmer when walking the dogs in the morning— it will warm up when we get to the park. At first, I wondered how I’d raised such a trouble. Then I remembered how often I threw the golden rule of parenting at Nathaniel and his brothers when they were young. Rather than just telling my children what to do, I can show good qualities through my daily actions. Kids can learn them through observation (观察) as much as instruction. Hopefully, I have taught my kids right. On the last day of our stay, the trip to El Matador Beach displayed another side of my elder boy. We were walking along El Matador Beach and hit a patch of rocks — clearly the end of the line, I thought. Nathaniel asked me to walk across one large stone to the next, patiently telling me where to place my arthritic feet and hands as ocean waves came close. I was scared, but I knew I was kept company by a responsible man. After hundreds of yards, we made it to a fresh and beautiful sandy stretch. “You did it! I’m really proud. Tough times never last, but tough people do,” he said, smiling, as if I’d just experienced a great adventure. It was then that I knew for sure that the son also rose to fatherhood. 4. What does the author think of Nathaniel when he first stayed with him? A. Bossy. B. Easygoing. C. Patient. D. Responsible. 5. What is the author’s golden rule of parenting? A. Teaching kids by example. B. Offering encouragement. C. Making friends with kids. D. Giving more instructions. 6. What do we know about the author’s trip to El Matador Beach? A. He discovered an unknown beach. B. He received a life lesson from his son. C. He made Nathaniel more responsible. D. He encouraged Nathaniel to adventure. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. I took a trip to Los Angeles B. How I make friends with my son C. I have exchanged roles with my son D. How good parenting changes a child C Wind, solar power, and hydropower have proven to be more suitable replacements (代替) for fossil fuels. But would you have ever guessed that hydrogen (氢气) could be a choice? Last fall, the US government announced that 7 centers across the country would start producing about three million metric tons of hydrogen yearly. The two most common methods for producing hydrogen are steam reforming and electrolysis. Steam reforming is favored by most companies. Hydrogen gets separated from carbon atoms in methane. While this process works, steam reforming causes some carbon dioxide emissions (排放). On the other hand, electrolysis uses an electric current to separate hydrogen from water. This process is known as “power-to-gas” because the current serves as the power, producing hydrogen. It does not produce any emissions except hydrogen and oxygen. Unlike biofuel or hydropower production, hydrogen fuel production does not require large areas of land. It also provides more energy than fossil fuels. However, hydrogen fuel production isn’t perfect. Though hydrogen is the most important element in the universe, it does not naturally exist on its own. Extracting (提取) hydrogen from other materials requires high costs and much energy such as natural gas, which can be greater than the energy gained from hydrogen. The 7 hydrogen centers will be built across 13 states with the hydrogen used for production, transportation, and other uses. Some people are worried. Because getting hydrogen requires natural gas, it cannot fully be considered a green choice. Despite that, there is the silver lining. The centers powered by natural gas will use carbon capture technology to reduce emissions. The California center plans to produce green hydrogen using renewable energy like wind or solar, while some others will use nuclear energy. The hydrogen centers are an example of how the new energy has an important role to play in helping advance new technologies, reduce costs, and drive uses. This is the largest public investment in the US and will help public and private companies lead to a cleaner future. 8. What is the difference between steam reforming and electrolysis? A. Steam reforming is more efficient. B. Steam reforming is more expensive. C. Electrolysis is more popular among companies. D. Electrolysis is more environmentally friendly. 9. What is the disadvantage of hydrogen fuel production? A. It needs a lot of space. B. It causes water pollution. C. Its extracting process costs more. D. It has a very narrow range of uses. 10. What does the underlined phrase “silver lining” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Public complaint. B. Positive side. C. Government help. D. Bad response. 11. What does the text mainly talk about? A. Hydrogen will replace traditional energy. B. Producing hydrogen faces big challenges. C. The US government plans to increase hydrogen production. D. Advanced technologies have discovered a new source of energy. D School uniform policies could be preventing young people from being active, particularly primary school-aged girls, new research suggests. The Cambridge study used data about the physical activity participation (参与) of more than a million young people aged 5 to 17 internationally. It found that in countries where most schools require students to wear uniforms, fewer young people meet the 60 minutes of physical activity per day recommended by the WHO. Among primary school students, the difference in physical activity between girls and boys was found to be wider in countries where uniforms were common. The same result was not found in secondary school-aged students. This could be explained by the fact that younger children move more throughout the school day than older students, for example, through running or climbing at break and lunchtime. It proves that girls feel less comfortable in joining in active play if they are wearing certain types of clothing, such as skirts or dresses. Dr Mairead Ryan from the University of Cambridge, said, “Schools often prefer to use uniforms for different reasons. We are not trying to suggest a blanket ban (禁令) on them, but to present new facts to support decision-making. School communities could consider design, and whether certain characteristics of a uniform might either encourage or limit any opportunities for physical activity across the day.” A 2021 study in England found that the design of girls’ PE uniforms prevented students from joining in certain activities. Other studies have suggested that girls feel insecure about joining in physical activity when wearing uniforms in which they do not feel comfortable. “Girls might feel less confident about doing things like cartwheels and tumbles in the playground, or riding a bike on a windy day, if they are wearing skirts or dresses,” said Dr Esther Van Sluijs. “Social rules and expectations often influence what they feel they can do in these clothes. Unfortunately, when it comes to promoting physical health, that’s a problem.” 12. What does the new research show? A. Fewer primary school-aged girls like physical activity. B. Fewer young people can meet the WHO recommended standards. C. School uniform policies could encourage young people to be more active. D. School uniform policies may be limiting the activity level of young people. 13. Which age group was found to be more influenced by the uniform policies? A. 5-to-10-year-old girls. B. 5-to-10-year-old boys. C. 11-to-17-year-old girls. D. 11-to-17-year-old boys. 14. What does Dr Ryan suggest schools do? A. Encourage students to wear comfortable clothes. B. Ban students from wearing uniforms completely. C. Require students to wear uniforms only in PE classes. D. Consider the design of uniforms when making decisions. 15. According to Dr Sluijs what causes girls to feel less confident in physical activities? A. The weather conditions. B. Type of activities they choose. C. Their clothes and social expectations. D. Their inability to do well in some sports. 第二节 七选五 (共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Willpower means the ability to put self-control on your behavior to achieve your goals. It also means fighting against temptations (诱惑) so that you can stay on task. ____16____ Overall, it’s the ability to fight against present pleasure to achieve long-term goals. Other definitions include the ability to stand an unwanted thought or feeling, the ability to use a “cool” cognitive system of behavior rather than a “hot” emotional system, and the mindful, effortful self-control by the self. Some researchers believe that willpower is partly decided by genetics (遗传学). ____17____ Some psychologists have said that willpower can promise success in life. In psychologist Walter Mischel’s test, pre-school-aged kids were placed in a room with a bowl of marshmallows (棉花糖) on the table. The kids were told they could either eat one right away or wait 15 minutes and get two. Several years later, researchers made known the result. ____18____ And these benefits seem to go well beyond childhood and teenage years. ____19____ It allows you to follow your goals and enjoy the sense of achievement that comes from reaching them. It can improve your subjective well-being and help you feel happier and more satisfied. There are several things you can do to improve your self-control. Think of willpower as a muscle (肌肉). ____20____ Then get enough sleep. Bad sleeping habits wear you out, both physically and mentally. This influences your ability to fight against temptations. Overall, remember that you can strengthen your self-control through practice and self-care. A. You can beat any enemy with it. B. Willpower influences every area of your life. C. It can be built up and strengthened with time and effort. D. The ability of self-control is beneficial to kids’ schoolwork. E. However, other factors including upbringing and personality also play a role. F. Willpower goes by many different names: drive, determination, and self-control. G. Those choosing to wait managed stress more effectively and did better in school. 第三部分 语言运用 (共15小题，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 At eight I often wrote stories and dreamed of becoming a writer. My second-grade teacher advised my parents to nurture (培养) this ____21____, but they didn’t take it seriously. Through adulthood, the eagerness to write ____22____, but there were more certain ways to make money, so I was pulled in different ____23____. None of the jobs I held afforded me the opportunity to write. However, I ____24____ my childhood dream. After retirement, I wrote stories and ____25____ them on social media. But they didn’t cause any ____26____. Then one day at a friend’s funeral (葬礼), I spotted an individual who was my friend on social media. I walked over to ____27____ her. Expecting she’d say how long it’d been since we met each other last time, I was ____28____ at what she said. “Y” Her simple words encouraged me, and I wanted to ____29____ her expectations. I went home that day and wrote a story. I ____30____ my words and gained courage to send it to a magazine. I even got brave enough to write several stories and send them to other publications. ____31____, a year passed and I didn’t hear anything back. Then it ____32____! There in my e-mail box was an offer from the magazine I’d sent my first story to. ____33____ my excitement when another offer arrived from a book company several days later! Since that time, I’ve had the ____34____ of being featured (特别推荐) in several publications. It’s hard to believe some simple words of ____35____ would lead me to achieve my childhood dream. 21. A. view B. project C. relationship D. desire 22. A. dropped B. remained C. improved D. disappeared 23. A. manners B. attitudes C. directions D. focuses 24. A. held on to B. let go of C. looked into D. reflected on 25. A. copied B. published C. shared D. printed 26. A. admiration B. acceptance C. changes D. responses 27. A. remind B. greet C. hug D. ask 28. A. satisfied B. disappointed C. surprised D. alarmed 29. A. meet B. value C. shape D. lower 30. A. changed B. edited C. shortened D. designed 31. A. Naturally B. Finally C. Sadly D. Fortunately 32. A. happened B. worked C. finished D. progressed 33. A. Imagine B. Admire C. Judge D. Celebrate 34. A. comfort B. honour C. prize D. benefit 35. A. politeness B. thanks C. love D. encouragement 第二节 语法填空 (共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Marathons are no longer just about crossing the 26.2-mile mark near home. In recent years, a new trend ____36____ (spread) across the running community: marathon tourism. “The combination with travel is gaining ____37____ (popular) because it gives us the feeling of pursuing a goal,” explains running coach Roel Spierings. Modern runners want more than a finisher’s medal, seeking memories, personal transformations, and ____38____ (story) to tell long after the race is over. Spierings has discovered that extreme physical challenges hold great psychological benefits, ____39____ (especial) when coupled with the excitement of visiting new places. Survey data show that marathon tourism contributes ____40____ an economic improvement to destinations. Marathon runners rarely travel alone. They often arrive in groups of two or three. Rather than going just for a couple of nights, 59% of runners extend the trip to other nearby tourist destinations. These extended stays highlight the marathon’s role as more than ____41____ one-day event, benefiting hotels, restaurants, and local attractions. ____42____ (take) part in a race can also give you special travel experiences. “Some running events, such as the Great Wall Marathon or the Mont-Blanc Marathon, ____43____ (design) to highlight the destination one is running in,” says Jayaram. “It often gives you the chance ____44____ (experience) something unique such as running through historic sites or on famous bridges ____45____ you cannot get to otherwise.” 第三节 单词拼写 (共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分) 根据所给中文或首字母，在空白处填入恰当所学单词，使句子表达意思完整准确。 注意：每空填一个单词。请将完整的单词填到答题纸上! 46. Take advantage of your classes, learn from your teachers and classmates, and make use of our school ________ (设施，设备). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 47. You may feel anxious that you are developing at a different rate to your friends, s______ up in height or getting left far behind. (根据首字母单词拼写) 48. I wish they could be more __________ （灵活的）so that I can make my own choices about what to do in my spare time.（根据汉语意思单词拼写） 49. Fully realizing his mistake, he made a sincere ________ (道歉) to the girl with a bunch of flowers. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50. ________ (承认，认可) internationally as an expert in this field, he is often invited to give lectures worldwide. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文 (满分15分) 51. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Teresa来信向你诉苦，说她父母老是拿她和别人比较，这给她带来了极大的压力，也让她有点失去信心。请你给她回信。内容包括： 1. 表示安慰； 2. 提出你的建议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Teresa, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写 (满分25分) 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My life had changed a lot. Now I hated coming back to my bedroom after school, which ended in a mess every day thanks to my three-year-old naughty (淘气的) brother, Ted. Today was no different. As I pushed open the front door, the familiar sounds of toys and Ted’s sudden loud laughs stormed my senses at once, showing the mess that awaited me inside. As I entered the house, Mom called out a cheerful “Hello!” and gave me a big hug. It seemed like nothing was wrong. She asked me how my day had been, if I had any homework — blah, blah, I answered absent-mindedly. I looked around and saw toys left behind all over the living room floor — various animals, building blocks, and even one of Ted’s favorite racing cars had been left in the middle of the hallway. Clothes that should have been in his room or the washing machine were put here and there, creating difficulties for anyone trying to walk through. It was a disaster (灾难) area, just like any other day when I returned home. I knew Ted was watching TV as I heard the familiar theme song of his favorite cartoon playing loudly from the family room. The volume was turned up so high that I could hardly hear Mom’s voice. I felt sad, already expecting the headache that would come from trying to focus on my homework through the noise. I started climbing upstairs to my bedroom, thinking to myself, “What is it going to be like today? Clean and tidy? Or dirty and messy?” I wished, of course, that my bedroom would stay clean and orderly for once. My door was still closed, which was a good sign. Maybe Ted hadn’t been in here today. Maybe Mom had been able to keep him out. I was so hopeful that I breathed a sigh of relief (放松) as I went to my room, praying to God it had been free from Ted’s latest adventure. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I pushed open the door and became angry right away. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ted’s face lit up the moment he caught sight of me. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 阶段性调研测试高一年级英语试题 2025.11 注意：本试卷分四个部分，答案全部做在答题纸上。总分为150分。考试时间120分钟。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，每小题1.5分，满分30分) 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Who are wearing white in the movie? A. The English. B. The Americans. C. The Italians. 2. What time is it now? A. It’s 6:20. B. It’s 6:40. C. It’s 7:15. 3. What will the man do next? A. Wash the car. B. Water the plants. C. Have a rest. 4. What does the man see in the last painting? A. Some boats. B. Some mountains. C. Some houses. 5. When did the woman enter Peking University? A. One year ago. B. Two years ago. C. Three years ago. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答6、7题。 6. What is the woman doing now? A. Doing the shopping. B. Making preparations. C. Hiking in the mountains. 7. How will the weather be on the weekend according to the weather report? A. Cloudy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy. 听第7段材料，回答8-10题。 8. What is the woman going to do on Wednesday? A. Go sightseeing. B. Play sports. C. See a film. 9. When is the woman leaving for London? A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday. 10. What is the man? A. A guide. B. A coach. C. A driver. 听第8段材料，回答11-13题。 11. When will the man go to the restaurant? A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday. 12. Which table does the man prefer? A. A table in the corner. B. A table by the window. C. A table near the doorway. 13. What personal information did the man finally give? A. Home address. B. Credit-card number. C. Name and phone number. 听第9段材料，回答14-17题。 14. What will their paper focus on? A. U. S. library changes. B. Libraries worldwide. C. Changes of new technology. 15. What does the man think of digitalized books? A. Convenient. B. Not up-to-date. C. Eye-catching. 16. What will the future libraries be like in the woman’s opinion? A. They’ll be filled with computers. B. They’ll have more physical books. C. They’ll organize activities more often. 17. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Student and librarian. C. Student and professor. 听第10段材料，回答18-20题。 18. How does the speaker feel about Merritt’s completion of the adventure? A. Disappointed. B. Surprised. C. Encouraged. 19. Why did Merritt start cycling? A. To improve his health. B. To realize his goal. C. To make a film. 20. When did Merritt complete his adventure? A. In October 2010. B. In October 2020. C. In October 2021. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 阅读理解 (共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A NEMO brings the importance of science and technology to the attention of a wide audience. We present complex subjects in a fun and easy-to-understand way. This is done at the well-known NEMO Science Museum. There are major exhibitions in December, 2025. Location Exhibition Introduction The first floor The new world Experience the energy captured from wind, water and the sun. You will see how renewable energy is produced. The second floor Science throughout the ages Many centuries ago, people were asking themselves the same questions you ask yourself today. But the answers have not always been the same. After all, scientists build on the discoveries of other scientists. The third floor The great voyage It will take you on a voyage of the discovery of Earth. On the way, you will know when the living things came into being on Earth. The fourth floor Time for the magic You can become a genuine scientist—for a little while at least. This floor offers many special rooms for carrying out experiments and preparing materials. Opening time NEMO is open from Monday to Sunday, from 10:00 to 17:30. Contact If you have questions about tickets, please call 531233. If you feel unsatisfied with our service, please call 531234. If you meet emergencies or safety issues, please call 531235. If you want to hire an expert for consultation, please call 531238. 1. In which exhibition can visitors learn about the origin of life? A. The new world. B. Science throughout the ages. C. The great voyage. D. Time for the magic. 2. Which floor may have many laboratories? A. The first floor. B. The second floor. C. The third floor. D. The fourth floor. 3. Which telephone number will visitors call if they want to make a complaint? A. 531233. B. 531234. C. 531235. D. 531238. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了NEMO科学博物馆2025年12月大型展览的主题、楼层分布、开放时间及各类联系方式。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章三楼展览The great voyage部分中的“On the way, you will know when the living things came into being on Earth. (途中你将了解地球上的生物是何时出现的。)”可知，在“The great voyage”中，游客将了解生命的起源。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章四楼展览Time for the magic部分中的“This floor offers many special rooms for carrying out experiments and preparing materials. (这一层设有多个专用房间，供人们进行实验和准备材料。)”可知，第四层有很多实验室。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Contact部分中的“If you feel unsatisfied with our service, please call 531234.(若你对我们的服务不满意，请拨打531234。)”可知，对服务不满意投诉请拨打531234。故选B。 B There comes a time for every family when the tables turn and the parent has to answer to the child. Mine came recently when my wife and I stayed with our elder son Nathaniel in Los Angeles. A whole week under his roof! “Dad, please don’t leave the water running when you brush your teeth,” Nathaniel said on our first day. I was also caught in the act of pulling extra paper towels to wipe the kitchen counter and was instructed to use the dishcloth, which didn’t seem clean. More orders followed. Not to leave my walking shoes sitting out, and did I even need such uncomfortable footwear? Don’t wear a neck warmer when walking the dogs in the morning— it will warm up when we get to the park. At first, I wondered how I’d raised such a trouble. Then I remembered how often I threw the golden rule of parenting at Nathaniel and his brothers when they were young. Rather than just telling my children what to do, I can show good qualities through my daily actions. Kids can learn them through observation (观察) as much as instruction. Hopefully, I have taught my kids right. On the last day of our stay, the trip to El Matador Beach displayed another side of my elder boy. We were walking along El Matador Beach and hit a patch of rocks — clearly the end of the line, I thought. Nathaniel asked me to walk across one large stone to the next, patiently telling me where to place my arthritic feet and hands as ocean waves came close. I was scared, but I knew I was kept company by a responsible man. After hundreds of yards, we made it to a fresh and beautiful sandy stretch. “You did it! I’m really proud. Tough times never last, but tough people do,” he said, smiling, as if I’d just experienced a great adventure. It was then that I knew for sure that the son also rose to fatherhood. 4. What does the author think of Nathaniel when he first stayed with him? A. Bossy. B. Easygoing. C. Patient. D. Responsible. 5. What is the author’s golden rule of parenting? A. Teaching kids by example. B. Offering encouragement. C. Making friends with kids. D. Giving more instructions. 6. What do we know about the author’s trip to El Matador Beach? A. He discovered an unknown beach. B. He received a life lesson from his son. C. He made Nathaniel more responsible. D. He encouraged Nathaniel to adventure. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. I took a trip to Los Angeles B. How I make friends with my son C. I have exchanged roles with my son D. How good parenting changes a child 【答案】4. A 5. A 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者与妻子在洛杉矶探望大儿子时，角色反转被儿子“管教”，最终在海滩经历中感受到儿子成长与担当的故事。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“More orders followed. Not to leave my walking shoes sitting out, and did I even need such uncomfortable footwear? Don’t wear a neck warmer when walking the dogs in the morning— it will warm up when we get to the park.(更多要求接踵而至。别把步行鞋随意放在外面，而且我真的需要这么不舒服的鞋子吗？早上遛狗时别戴围巾 —— 到了公园天自然会暖和起来。)”可知，作者刚住到儿子家时，儿子频繁对他提出各种要求，显得比较专横。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Then I remembered how often I threw the golden rule of parenting at Nathaniel and his brothers when they were young. Rather than just telling my children what to do, I can show good qualities through my daily actions.(然后我想起，在纳撒尼尔和他的兄弟们小时候，我经常把为人父母的黄金法则灌输给他们。我不仅仅是告诉孩子们该做什么，还可以通过日常行为展示良好的品质。)”可知，作者的育儿黄金法则是以身作则。故选A项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“On the last day of our stay, the trip to El Matador Beach displayed another side of my elder boy. We were walking along El Matador Beach and hit a patch of rocks — clearly the end of the line, I thought. Nathaniel asked me to walk across one large stone to the next, patiently telling me where to place my arthritic feet and hands as ocean waves came close. I was scared, but I knew I was kept company by a responsible man. After hundreds of yards, we made it to a fresh and beautiful sandy stretch.(我们逗留的最后一天，去埃尔马塔多海滩的行程展现了我大儿子的另一面。我们沿着埃尔马塔多海滩走着，突然遇到一片礁石 —— 我心想，显然到尽头了。纳撒尼尔让我从一块大石头走到另一块，海浪逼近时，他耐心地告诉我患有关节炎的手脚该放在哪里。我很害怕，但我知道身边有个负责任的人陪着我。走了几百码后，我们终于抵达一片崭新又美丽的沙滩)”根据第五段““You did it! I’m really proud. Tough times never last, but tough people do,” he said, smiling, as if I’d just experienced a great adventure. It was then that I knew for sure that the son also rose to fatherhood.(你做到了！我真为你骄傲。艰难的时光从不长久，但坚强的人会坚持到底。” 他笑着说，仿佛我刚刚经历了一场伟大的冒险。就在那时，我确信，儿子也已然成长为一个有担当的人)”可知，作者在海滩之行中，得到儿子的耐心帮助和鼓励，从儿子那里学到了“坚强的人能挺过艰难时光”的人生道理。故选B项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，第一段提到“the tables turn and the parent has to answer to the child(角色反转，父母不得不听从孩子的安排)”，后文围绕作者被儿子“管教”、儿子耐心帮助和鼓励他展开，核心是亲子间的角色反转。C选项“I have exchanged roles with my son”（我和儿子互换了角色）为最佳标题。故选C项。 C Wind, solar power, and hydropower have proven to be more suitable replacements (代替) for fossil fuels. But would you have ever guessed that hydrogen (氢气) could be a choice? Last fall, the US government announced that 7 centers across the country would start producing about three million metric tons of hydrogen yearly. The two most common methods for producing hydrogen are steam reforming and electrolysis. Steam reforming is favored by most companies. Hydrogen gets separated from carbon atoms in methane. While this process works, steam reforming causes some carbon dioxide emissions (排放). On the other hand, electrolysis uses an electric current to separate hydrogen from water. This process is known as “power-to-gas” because the current serves as the power, producing hydrogen. It does not produce any emissions except hydrogen and oxygen. Unlike biofuel or hydropower production, hydrogen fuel production does not require large areas of land. It also provides more energy than fossil fuels. However, hydrogen fuel production isn’t perfect. Though hydrogen is the most important element in the universe, it does not naturally exist on its own. Extracting (提取) hydrogen from other materials requires high costs and much energy such as natural gas, which can be greater than the energy gained from hydrogen. The 7 hydrogen centers will be built across 13 states with the hydrogen used for production, transportation, and other uses. Some people are worried. Because getting hydrogen requires natural gas, it cannot fully be considered a green choice. Despite that, there is the silver lining. The centers powered by natural gas will use carbon capture technology to reduce emissions. The California center plans to produce green hydrogen using renewable energy like wind or solar, while some others will use nuclear energy. The hydrogen centers are an example of how the new energy has an important role to play in helping advance new technologies, reduce costs, and drive uses. This is the largest public investment in the US and will help public and private companies lead to a cleaner future. 8. What is the difference between steam reforming and electrolysis? A. Steam reforming is more efficient. B Steam reforming is more expensive. C. Electrolysis is more popular among companies. D. Electrolysis is more environmentally friendly. 9. What is the disadvantage of hydrogen fuel production? A. It needs a lot of space. B. It causes water pollution. C. Its extracting process costs more. D. It has a very narrow range of uses. 10. What does the underlined phrase “silver lining” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Public complaint. B. Positive side. C. Government help. D. Bad response. 11. What does the text mainly talk about? A. Hydrogen will replace traditional energy. B. Producing hydrogen faces big challenges. C. The US government plans to increase hydrogen production. D. Advanced technologies have discovered a new source of energy. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美国计划建立七个制氢中心并探讨制氢方法及前景。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Steam reforming is favored by most companies. Hydrogen gets separated from carbon atoms in methane. While this process works, steam reforming causes some carbon dioxide emissions (排放). On the other hand, electrolysis uses an electric current to separate hydrogen from water. This process is known as “power-to-gas” because the current serves as the power, producing hydrogen. It does not produce any emissions except hydrogen and oxygen.(大多数公司更青睐蒸汽重整法。在这个过程中，氢气从甲烷中的碳原子中分离出来。虽然这种方法可行，但蒸汽重整过程会产生一些二氧化碳排放。另一方面，电解法利用电流将氢气从水中分离出来。这一过程被称为“电转气”，因为电流作为动力，产生氢气。除了氢气和氧气外，电解法不会产生任何其他排放物。)”可知，蒸汽重整会产生二氧化碳排放，而电解除了氢和氧之外不会产生任何排放，所以电解更环保。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“However, hydrogen fuel production isn’t perfect. Though hydrogen is the most important element in the universe, it does not naturally exist on its own. Extracting (提取) hydrogen from other materials requires high costs and much energy such as natural gas, which can be greater than the energy gained from hydrogen.(然而，氢燃料生产并非完美无缺。尽管氢是宇宙中最重要的元素，但它并不会自然独立存在。从其他物质（如天然气）中提取氢气需要高昂的成本和大量能源，这可能超过从氢气中获得的能量。)”可知，氢燃料生产的缺点是其提取过程成本更高。故选C。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第五段“Despite that, there is the silver lining. The centers powered by natural gas will use carbon capture technology to reduce emissions.(尽管如此，还是有silver lining。以天然气为动力的中心将使用碳捕获技术来减少排放。)”可知，尽管存在一些问题，但以天然气为动力的中心将使用碳捕获技术来减少排放，这是积极的一面，所以silver lining意思是“积极的一面”。故选B。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“Last fall, the US government announced that 7 centers across the country would start producing about three million metric tons of hydrogen yearly.(去年秋天，美国政府宣布，全国7个中心将开始每年生产约300万吨氢气。)”以及后文对制氢方法、优缺点及前景的介绍可知，文章主要讲述了美国计划增加氢气生产。故选C。 D School uniform policies could be preventing young people from being active, particularly primary school-aged girls, new research suggests. The Cambridge study used data about the physical activity participation (参与) of more than a million young people aged 5 to 17 internationally. It found that in countries where most schools require students to wear uniforms, fewer young people meet the 60 minutes of physical activity per day recommended by the WHO. Among primary school students, the difference in physical activity between girls and boys was found to be wider in countries where uniforms were common. The same result was not found in secondary school-aged students. This could be explained by the fact that younger children move more throughout the school day than older students, for example, through running or climbing at break and lunchtime. It proves that girls feel less comfortable in joining in active play if they are wearing certain types of clothing, such as skirts or dresses. Dr Mairead Ryan from the University of Cambridge, said, “Schools often prefer to use uniforms for different reasons. We are not trying to suggest a blanket ban (禁令) on them, but to present new facts to support decision-making. School communities could consider design, and whether certain characteristics of a uniform might either encourage or limit any opportunities for physical activity across the day.” A 2021 study in England found that the design of girls’ PE uniforms prevented students from joining in certain activities. Other studies have suggested that girls feel insecure about joining in physical activity when wearing uniforms in which they do not feel comfortable. “Girls might feel less confident about doing things like cartwheels and tumbles in the playground, or riding a bike on a windy day, if they are wearing skirts or dresses,” said Dr Esther Van Sluijs. “Social rules and expectations often influence what they feel they can do in these clothes. Unfortunately, when it comes to promoting physical health, that’s a problem.” 12. What does the new research show? A. Fewer primary school-aged girls like physical activity. B. Fewer young people can meet the WHO recommended standards. C. School uniform policies could encourage young people to be more active. D. School uniform policies may be limiting the activity level of young people. 13. Which age group was found to be more influenced by the uniform policies? A. 5-to-10-year-old girls. B. 5-to-10-year-old boys. C. 11-to-17-year-old girls. D. 11-to-17-year-old boys. 14. What does Dr Ryan suggest schools do? A. Encourage students to wear comfortable clothes. B. Ban students from wearing uniforms completely. C. Require students to wear uniforms only in PE classes. D. Consider the design of uniforms when making decisions. 15. According to Dr Sluijs, what causes girls to feel less confident in physical activities? A. The weather conditions. B. Type of activities they choose. C. Their clothes and social expectations. D Their inability to do well in some sports. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了一项关于校服政策对青少年身体活动影响的研究，并为学校在校服设计和决策上提出了建议。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“School uniform policies could be preventing young people from being active, particularly primary school-aged girls, new research suggests. (新研究表明，校服政策可能阻碍年轻人参与活动，尤其是小学年龄段的女孩)”以及“It found that in countries where most schools require students to wear uniforms, fewer young people meet the 60 minutes of physical activity per day recommended by the WHO. (研究发现，在大多数学校要求学生穿校服的国家，达到世界卫生组织建议的每天一小时身体活动量的年轻人更少)”可知，新研究表明校服政策可能限制年轻人的活动水平。故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Among primary school students, the difference in physical activity between girls and boys was found to be wider in countries where uniforms were common. The same result was not found in secondary school-aged students. (在小学生中，在校服普遍的国家，女孩和男孩之间的身体活动差异更大。在中学生中未发现同样的结果)”可知，小学阶段的女孩，即5-10岁的女孩受校服政策影响更大。故选A项。 14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“We are not trying to suggest a blanket ban (禁令) on them, but to present new facts to support decision-making. School communities could consider design, and whether certain characteristics of a uniform might either encourage or limit any opportunities for physical activity across the day. (我们并不是要建议全面禁止校服，而是要呈现新的事实来支持决策。学校社区可以考虑设计以及校服的某些特征可能会鼓励还是限制全天体育活动的机会)”可知，Dr Ryan建议学校在做决定时考虑校服的设计。故选D项。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段““Girls might feel less confident about doing things like cartwheels and tumbles in the playground, or riding a bike on a windy day, if they are wearing skirts or dresses,” said Dr Esther Van Sluijs. “Social rules and expectations often influence what they feel they can do in these clothes. Unfortunately, when it comes to promoting physical health, that’s a problem.” (Esther Van Sluijs博士说：“如果女孩穿着短裙或连衣裙，她们可能在做诸如在操场翻筋斗、摔跤，或在刮风天骑自行车等事情时感到不太自信。社会规则和期望常常影响她们觉得自己穿着这些衣服能做什么。不幸的是，在促进身体健康方面，这是个问题。”)”可知，女孩的服装和社会期望导致她们在体育活动中缺乏自信。故选C项。 第二节 七选五 (共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Willpower means the ability to put self-control on your behavior to achieve your goals. It also means fighting against temptations (诱惑) so that you can stay on task. ____16____ Overall, it’s the ability to fight against present pleasure to achieve long-term goals. Other definitions include the ability to stand an unwanted thought or feeling, the ability to use a “cool” cognitive system of behavior rather than a “hot” emotional system, and the mindful, effortful self-control by the self. Some researchers believe that willpower is partly decided by genetics (遗传学). ____17____ Some psychologists have said that willpower can promise success in life. In psychologist Walter Mischel’s test, pre-school-aged kids were placed in a room with a bowl of marshmallows (棉花糖) on the table. The kids were told they could either eat one right away or wait 15 minutes and get two. Several years later, researchers made known the result. ____18____ And these benefits seem to go well beyond childhood and teenage years. ____19____ It allows you to follow your goals and enjoy the sense of achievement that comes from reaching them. It can improve your subjective well-being and help you feel happier and more satisfied. There are several things you can do to improve your self-control. Think of willpower as a muscle (肌肉). ____20____ Then get enough sleep. Bad sleeping habits wear you out, both physically and mentally. This influences your ability to fight against temptations. Overall, remember that you can strengthen your self-control through practice and self-care. A. You can beat any enemy with it. B. Willpower influences every area of your life. C. It can be built up and strengthened with time and effort. D. The ability of self-control is beneficial to kids’ schoolwork. E. However, other factors including upbringing and personality also play a role. F. Willpower goes by many different names: drive, determination, and self-control. G. Those choosing to wait managed stress more effectively and did better in school. 【答案】16. F 17. E 18. G 19. B 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了意志力的定义、影响因素、积极作用及提升自控力的方法。 【16题详解】 上文“Willpower means the ability to put self-control on your behavior to achieve your goals. It also means fighting against temptations (诱惑) so that you can stay on task. (意志力指的是运用自控力约束自身行为以实现目标的能力。它也意味着抵制诱惑，从而专注于既定任务。)”给出了意志力的定义。选项F“Willpower goes by many different names: drive, determination, and self-control. (意志力还有许多不同的别称：动力、决心与自控力。)”延续上文内容，指出意志力还有多个别称，衔接自然。故选F。 【17题详解】 上文“Some researchers believe that willpower is partly decided by genetics (遗传学). (一些研究者认为，意志力在一定程度上由遗传学决定。)”提到部分研究者认为意志力受遗传学影响；选项E“However, other factors including upbringing and personality also play a role. (然而，包括养育方式和性格在内的其他因素也发挥着作用。)”以“however”转折，指出养育方式、性格等其他因素也起作用，补充了意志力的影响因素，使表述更全面。故选E。 【18题详解】 上文“Some psychologists have said that willpower can promise success in life. In psychologist Walter Mischel’s test, pre-school-aged kids were placed in a room with a bowl of marshmallows (棉花糖) on the table. The kids were told they could either eat one right away or wait 15 minutes and get two. Several years later, researchers made known the result. (部分心理学家表示，意志力能预示人生的成功。在心理学家Walter Mischel的实验中，学龄前儿童被安置在一个房间里，桌上放着一碗棉花糖。孩子们被告知，他们可以选择立刻吃掉一颗，或者等待15分钟后得到两颗。几年后，研究者公布了实验结果。)”描述了棉花糖实验—— 孩子可选择立即吃1颗或等待15分钟吃2颗。选项G“Those choosing to wait managed stress more effectively and did better in school. (那些选择等待的孩子压力管理能力更强，学业表现也更出色。)”承接实验结果，说明选择等待的孩子（即意志力强的孩子）压力管理更有效、学业表现更好。故选G。 【19题详解】 空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“It allows you to follow your goals and enjoy the sense of achievement that comes from reaching them. It can improve your subjective well-being and help you feel happier and more satisfied. (它能让你坚持追求目标，并享受达成目标所带来的成就感。它还能提升你的主观幸福感，帮助你感到更快乐、更满足。)”可知，本段讲述了意志力在生活中的具体作用。选项B“Willpower influences every area of your life. (意志力影响着你生活的方方面面。)”起到总领后文的作用。故选B。 【20题详解】 上文“Think of willpower as a muscle (肌肉). (把意志力想象成一块肌肉。)”将意志力比作肌肉，而肌肉的特性是可通过锻炼强化。选项C“It can be built up and strengthened with time and effort. (它可以通过时间和努力来培养和强化。)”承接这一比喻，指出意志力可通过时间和努力培养强化。故选C。 第三部分 语言运用 (共15小题，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 At eight, I often wrote stories and dreamed of becoming a writer. My second-grade teacher advised my parents to nurture (培养) this ____21____, but they didn’t take it seriously. Through adulthood, the eagerness to write ____22____, but there were more certain ways to make money, so I was pulled in different ____23____. None of the jobs I held afforded me the opportunity to write. However, I ____24____ my childhood dream. After retirement, I wrote stories and ____25____ them on social media. But they didn’t cause any ____26____. Then one day at a friend’s funeral (葬礼), I spotted an individual who was my friend on social media. I walked over to ____27____ her. Expecting she’d say how long it’d been since we met each other last time, I was ____28____ at what she said. “Y” Her simple words encouraged me, and I wanted to ____29____ her expectations. I went home that day and wrote a story. I ____30____ my words and gained courage to send it to a magazine. I even got brave enough to write several stories and send them to other publications. ____31____, a year passed and I didn’t hear anything back. Then it ____32____! There in my e-mail box was an offer from the magazine I’d sent my first story to. ____33____ my excitement when another offer arrived from a book company several days later! Since that time, I’ve had the ____34____ of being featured (特别推荐) in several publications. It’s hard to believe some simple words of ____35____ would lead me to achieve my childhood dream. 21. A. view B. project C. relationship D. desire 22. A. dropped B. remained C. improved D. disappeared 23. A. manners B. attitudes C. directions D. focuses 24. A. held on to B. let go of C. looked into D. reflected on 25. A. copied B. published C. shared D. printed 26. A. admiration B. acceptance C. changes D. responses 27. A. remind B. greet C. hug D. ask 28. A. satisfied B. disappointed C. surprised D. alarmed 29. A. meet B. value C. shape D. lower 30. A. changed B. edited C. shortened D. designed 31. A. Naturally B. Finally C. Sadly D. Fortunately 32. A. happened B. worked C. finished D. progressed 33. A. Imagine B. Admire C. Judge D. Celebrate 34. A. comfort B. honour C. prize D. benefit 35. A. politeness B. thanks C. love D. encouragement 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从小怀揣写作梦想，成年后因生计搁置，退休后分享作品未获反响，受他人鼓励后坚持投稿，最终实现梦想的经历。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的二年级老师建议我的父母培养这种愿望，但他们并没有把它当回事。A. view观点、看法；B. project项目、计划；C. relationship关系、联系；D. desire渴望、愿望。根据上文“At eight, I often wrote stories and dreamed of becoming a writer.”可知，老师建议作者的父母培养作者喜欢写作，想要成为作家的愿望。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：成年后，写作的渴望依然存在，但有了更多确定的赚钱方式，所以我被引向了不同的方向。A. dropped下降、掉落；B. remained保持、依然；C. improved提高、改善；D. disappeared消失、不见。下文“but there were more certain ways to make money”转折提到有更多确定的赚钱方式。由此可推测，作者成年后写作的渴望并未消失，而是依然存在。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：成年后，写作的渴望依然存在，但有了更多确定的赚钱方式，所以我被引向了不同的方向。A. manners举止、礼仪；B. attitudes态度、看法；C. directions方向、方位；D. focuses焦点、重点。根据上文“but there were more certain ways to make money”可知，因为有更多确定的赚钱的方式，所以作者被拉向不同的方向，也就是从事其他的工作。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然而，我坚持我童年的梦想。A. held on to坚持、坚守；B. let go of放弃、放手；C. looked into调查、研究；D. reflected on反思、回想。根据下文“After retirement, I wrote stories and ____5____ them on social media.”可知，尽管作者忙于生计，却仍然坚守童年的梦想。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：退休后，我写故事并在社交媒体上分享。A. copied复制、抄写；B. published出版、发表；C. shared分享、共用；D. printed打印、印刷。根据空后“on social media”以及常理可知，作者退休后写故事并在社交媒体上分享，符合社交媒体的使用场景。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但没有引起任何回应。A. admiration钦佩、赞赏；B. acceptance接受、认可；C. changes变化、改变；D. responses回应、反响。根据空前的“but”可推测，尽管作者在社交媒体上分享自己所写的故事，但是并没有任何反响。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走上前和她打招呼。A. remind提醒、使想起；B. greet问候、打招呼；C. hug拥抱、搂抱；D. ask询问、请求。根据上文“Then one day at a friend’s funeral (葬礼), I spotted an individual who was my friend on social media.”可知，作者看到了一个在社交媒体上互相关注的朋友。根据常识可知，作者应该是上前和她打招呼。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我以为她会说我们上次见面已经过去好久了，但她的话让我很惊讶。A. satisfied满意的、满足的；B. disappointed失望的、沮丧的；C. surprised惊讶的、吃惊的；D. alarmed惊慌的、担忧的。那就上文“Expecting she’d say how long it’d been since we met each other last time”可知，作者本以为她会说很久没见；再根据下文她所说的话“our writings are excellent. I expect to read your new story.”可知，她所说的话是作者未曾想到的，作者自然感到惊讶。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她简单的话语鼓励了我，我想达到她的期望。A. meet满足、实现；B. value重视、珍视；C. shape塑造、形成；D. lower降低、减少。根据下文“I went home that day and wrote a story. I ____10____ my words and gained courage to send it to a magazine.”可推测，她的话激励了作者，作者想达到她的期望。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我编辑了文字，鼓起勇气把它寄给了一家杂志。A. changed改变、更改；B. edited编辑、修改；C. shortened缩短、缩减；D. designed设计、规划。根据下文“gained courage to send it to a magazine.”可知，作者写完故事后，会编辑文字以优化内容，再鼓起勇气投稿。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：遗憾的是，一年过去了，我没有收到任何回复。A. Naturally自然地、天生地；B. Finally最终、终于；C. Sadly遗憾地、难过地；D. Fortunately幸运地、幸亏。根据下文“a year passed and I didn’t hear anything back”可知，作者投稿给多家刊物，但一年过去毫无回音，这是令人遗憾的结果。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后就发生了！A. happened发生、出现；B. worked奏效、工作；C. finished完成、结束；D. progressed进展、前进。上文提到作者投稿给多家刊物，但一年过去毫无回音；而下文提到有杂志社回复了作者。由此可知，此处指的是转机发生了。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：想象一下，几天后，当另一家图书公司发来邀约时，我是多么兴奋！A. Imagine想象、设想；B. Admire钦佩、赞赏；C. Judge判断、评判；D. Celebrate庆祝、庆贺。根据下文“my excitement when another offer arrived from a book company several days later!”可知，刚收到杂志录用通知，几天后又收到出版社的邀约，这种双重惊喜让人难以想象，选项A“Imagine”意为“想象一下”，用于引导读者感受当时的兴奋，符合语境。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，我的作品有幸被多家刊物特别推荐。A. comfort安慰、慰藉；B. honour荣誉、殊荣；C. prize奖品、奖赏；D. benefit益处、好处。根据空后“being featured (特别推荐) in several publications.”可知，作者的作品被多家刊物特别推荐，这是一种荣誉。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：很难相信几句简单的鼓励就能让我实现儿时的梦想。A. politeness礼貌、礼节；B. thanks感谢、谢意；C. love爱、热爱；D. encouragement鼓励、激励。根据上文内容可知，作者因为朋友一句鼓励的话，决定鼓起勇气投稿，并最终成为作家，实现了童年的梦想。故选D。 第二节 语法填空 (共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Marathons are no longer just about crossing the 26.2-mile mark near home. In recent years, a new trend ____36____ (spread) across the running community: marathon tourism. “The combination with travel is gaining ____37____ (popular) because it gives us the feeling of pursuing a goal,” explains running coach Roel Spierings. Modern runners want more than a finisher’s medal, seeking memories, personal transformations, and ____38____ (story) to tell long after the race is over. Spierings has discovered that extreme physical challenges hold great psychological benefits, ____39____ (especial) when coupled with the excitement of visiting new places. Survey data show that marathon tourism contributes ____40____ an economic improvement to destinations. Marathon runners rarely travel alone. They often arrive in groups of two or three. Rather than going just for a couple of nights, 59% of runners extend the trip to other nearby tourist destinations. These extended stays highlight the marathon’s role as more than ____41____ one-day event, benefiting hotels, restaurants, and local attractions. ____42____ (take) part in a race can also give you special travel experiences. “Some running events, such as the Great Wall Marathon or the Mont-Blanc Marathon, ____43____ (design) to highlight the destination one is running in,” says Jayaram. “It often gives you the chance ____44____ (experience) something unique such as running through historic sites or on famous bridges ____45____ you cannot get to otherwise.” 【答案】36. has been spreading 37. popularity 38. stories 39. especially 40. to 41. a 42 Taking 43. are designed 44. to experience 45. that 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了马拉松旅游这一新趋势的流行原因、对目的地的经济贡献以及为参与者带来的特殊旅行体验。 【36题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：近年来，一种新的趋势在跑步界蔓延开来：马拉松旅游。空处为本句谓语动词；根据时间状语“In recent years”可知，本句时态为现在完成进行时；主语“a new trend”，单数，和动词“spread”之间为主动关系。故填has been spreading。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：跑步教练Roel Spierings解释说：“跑步和旅行的结合越来越受欢迎，因为它给我们一种追求目标的感觉。” 空处为名词形式担当宾语，意为“欢迎”。故填popularity。 【38题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：现代运动员想要的不仅仅是一枚奖牌，他们想要的是回忆，个人的转变，以及在比赛结束后很长一段时间内可以讲述的故事。空处为名词形式担当宾语；根据上文的“memories”和“transformations”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填stories。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：Spierings发现，极端的身体挑战对心理有很大的好处，尤其是当与参观新地方的兴奋相结合时。担当状语用副词形式。故填especially。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：调查数据显示，马拉松旅游有助于改善目的地的经济状况。短语：contribute to，意为“有助于……”。故填to。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这些延长的停留突出了马拉松的作用，不仅仅是一个一天的活动，有利于酒店，餐馆和当地景点。修饰名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词。故填a。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：参加比赛也可以给你特别的旅行体验。空处为非谓语动词形式担当主语，用动名词形式。出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Taking。 【43题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：Jayaram说：“一些跑步赛事，如长城马拉松或勃朗峰马拉松，旨在突出跑步者的目的地。它通常会给你机会体验一些独特的东西，比如在历史遗迹或著名的桥梁上跑步，这些都是你无法通过其他方式到达的。” 空处为本句谓语动词；根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语“Some running events”，复数，和动词“design”之间为被动关系。故填are designed。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：Jayaram说：“一些跑步赛事，如长城马拉松或勃朗峰马拉松，旨在突出跑步者的目的地。它通常会给你机会体验一些独特的东西，比如在历史遗迹或著名的桥梁上跑步，这些都是你无法通过其他方式到达的。” 空处为非谓语动词担当名词“chance”后的定语，用动词不定式形式。故填to experience。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：Jayaram说：“一些跑步赛事，如长城马拉松或勃朗峰马拉松，旨在突出跑步者的目的地。它通常会给你机会体验一些独特的东西，比如在历史遗迹或著名的桥梁上跑步，这些都是你无法通过其他方式到达的。”空处为定语从句的关系词；先行词“something unique”，关系词在定语从句中担当宾语，用关系代词that引导。故填that。 第三节 单词拼写 (共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分) 根据所给中文或首字母，在空白处填入恰当所学单词，使句子表达意思完整准确。 注意：每空填一个单词。请将完整的单词填到答题纸上! 46. Take advantage of your classes, learn from your teachers and classmates, and make use of our school ________ (设施，设备). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】facilities 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：好好利用你的课程，向老师和同学学习，并充分利用我们学校的设施。句中用名词作宾语。名词“设施，设备”英文为facility，是可数名词，学校的设施通常不止一种，所以这里要用复数形式。故填facilities。 47. You may feel anxious that you are developing at a different rate to your friends, s______ up in height or getting left far behind. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】shooting##hooting 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你可能会感到焦虑，因为你的成长速度与你的朋友不同，迅速长高或被远远甩在后面。分析句子结构，根据下文“in height or getting left far behind(在身高上……或者被远远甩在后面)”可知空白处应填表示“迅速长高”含义的动词，shoot up为固定短语，含义为“快速长高”，符合句意，因空白处在句子中作状语，且与其逻辑主语You之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，故填shooting。 48. I wish they could be more __________ （灵活的）so that I can make my own choices about what to do in my spare time.（根据汉语意思单词拼写） 【答案】flexible 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我希望他们能更灵活一些，这样我就可以自己选择业余时间做什么了。分析题意，flexible作形容词译为“灵活的”。此处作表语，符合题意。故填flexible。 49. Fully realizing his mistake, he made a sincere ________ (道歉) to the girl with a bunch of flowers. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】apology 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他完全认识到了自己的错误，便献上一束花向女孩真诚地道歉。根据提示的汉语，表示“道歉”为apology，make an apology to sb.向某人道歉。故填apology。 50. ________ (承认，认可) internationally as an expert in this field, he is often invited to give lectures worldwide. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】Recognized##Recognised 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于在国际上被公认为这个领域的专家，他经常被邀请到世界各地讲学。“承认，认可”为“recognize/recognise”；“recognize/recognise”与句子主语“he”构成被动关系，即“他被认可”，所以用过去分词“recognized/recognised”作原因状语，首字母大写。故填Recognized/Recognised。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文 (满分15分) 51. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Teresa来信向你诉苦，说她父母老是拿她和别人比较，这给她带来了极大的压力，也让她有点失去信心。请你给她回信。内容包括： 1. 表示安慰； 2. 提出你的建议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Teresa, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Teresa, I’m sorry to hear you’re under such great pressure because your parents always compare you with others. It’s really annoying. But remember, you’re unique and have your own shining points. Here are some suggestions. First, have an open talk with your parents, telling them how you feel. Second, focus on your own progress rather than others’ achievements. This can boost your confidence. Don’t be discouraged. Just be yourself. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的建议信。要求考生给英国笔友Teresa写封信，就其因为父母老是拿她和别人比较感受到的压力和失去的信心给出安慰，并提出建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 建议：suggestion→ tip 首先：first→ firstly 专注于：focus on→ concentrate on 沮丧的：discouraged→ dejected/disheartened 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：Second, focus on your own progress rather than others’ achievements. This can boost your confidence. 拓展句：Second, focus on your own progress rather than others’ achievements, which can boost your confidence. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m sorry to hear you’re under such great pressure because your parents always compare you with others.（运用了省略that的宾语从句和because的状语从句） 【高分句型2】First, have an open talk with your parents, telling them how you feel.（运用了how引导的宾语从句） 第二节 读后续写 (满分25分) 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My life had changed a lot. Now I hated coming back to my bedroom after school, which ended in a mess every day thanks to my three-year-old naughty (淘气的) brother, Ted. Today was no different. As I pushed open the front door, the familiar sounds of toys and Ted’s sudden loud laughs stormed my senses at once, showing the mess that awaited me inside. As I entered the house, Mom called out a cheerful “Hello!” and gave me a big hug. It seemed like nothing was wrong. She asked me how my day had been, if I had any homework — blah, blah, I answered absent-mindedly. I looked around and saw toys left behind all over the living room floor — various animals, building blocks, and even one of Ted’s favorite racing cars had been left in the middle of the hallway. Clothes that should have been in his room or the washing machine were put here and there, creating difficulties for anyone trying to walk through. It was a disaster (灾难) area, just like any other day when I returned home. I knew Ted was watching TV as I heard the familiar theme song of his favorite cartoon playing loudly from the family room. The volume was turned up so high that I could hardly hear Mom’s voice. I felt sad, already expecting the headache that would come from trying to focus on my homework through the noise. I started climbing upstairs to my bedroom, thinking to myself, “What is it going to be like today? Clean and tidy? Or dirty and messy?” I wished, of course, that my bedroom would stay clean and orderly for once. My door was still closed, which was a good sign. Maybe Ted hadn’t been in here today. Maybe Mom had been able to keep him out. I was so hopeful that I breathed a sigh of relief (放松) as I went to my room, praying to God it had been free from Ted’s latest adventure. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I pushed open the door and became angry right away. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ted’s face lit up the moment he caught sight of me. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I pushed open the door and became angry right away. My once-tidy bedroom was now a complete mess, just like the living room. Papers were scattered all over the floor, and my books were piled up in a disorganized way on my bed. What made me even angrier was that my favorite model car, which I had spent weeks building, was broken into pieces on the desk. It was clear that Ted had been in here and had made this chaos. Ted’s face lit up the moment he caught sight of me. He jumped off the bed and ran towards me, shouting, “Brother, look what I did!” I wanted to scold him, but when I saw his innocent and excited eyes, I couldn’t bring myself to do it. I knew that he was just a three-year-old kid who didn’t understand the concept of keeping things tidy. So, I took a deep breath and decided to teach him how to clean up the mess together, hoping that he would learn and my bedroom could be clean again. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。作者的生活因三岁淘气弟弟泰德改变，放学回家后卧室常一团糟。今日回家，客厅已乱作一团，作者上楼进卧室，见门关着心怀希望，祈祷卧室能免遭泰德“捣乱”。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“我推开门，立刻就火冒三丈。”可知，第一段可以描写作者推开房门后看到卧室凌乱的景象，进而推测是弟弟泰德造成的。 ②由第二段句首内容“泰德一看到我，脸上顿时乐开了花。”可知，第二段可以描写弟弟泰德见到作者时的兴奋状态，作者本想责骂他却被其纯真眼神打动，随后压下怒火，决定和他一起收拾房间，传递包容与引导的态度。 2.续写线索：推门后生气 —— 房间乱象 —— 推测是弟弟泰德造成 —— 看到开心的弟弟——目睹纯真消怒气 —— 决定共收拾 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①跳下床：jump off the bed/leap from the bed/get off the bed quickly ② 朝……跑来：run towards.../dash to.../sprint to... ③ 大喊：shout/yell/cry out 情绪类 ① 生气的：angry/furious/irritated ② 兴奋的：excited/thrilled/elated 【点睛】【高分句型1】What made me even angrier was that my favorite model car, which I had spent weeks building, was broken into pieces on the desk. (运用了What引导的主语从句、that引导的表语从句、which引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】It was clear that Ted had been in here and had made this chaos.(运用了It作形式主语、that引导的主语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $