课后分层练15-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（人教版）

[课后分层练15] （时间：40分钟　满分：78.5分） Ⅰ.单词拼写（每小题1分，共8分） 1．They'll buy more from his company, because they trust his company to deliver （递送） what they need. 2．A moderate earthquake struck （侵袭） the northeastern United States early on Saturday, damaging a lot of buildings. 3．After the lecture, we were asked to write a(n) summary （概要） by our class teacher. 4．His mother stood there, waving （挥手） goodbye to him. 5．Nine people died on the scene and one more person died in hospital in the car crash （碰撞）. 6．But one day, a hurricane （飓风） hit the area where he lived, completely destroying his home. 7．Ring the bell in an emergency （紧急情况） while you are alone in that building. 8．This region which had been relatively calm erupted （爆发） in violence again this spring. Ⅱ.单句语法填空（每小题1分，共8分） 1．His quick thinking and courage ensured his survival (survive) in the face of danger. 2．I didn't speak any French, but a nice man came to my aid. 3．As you can see, beliefs are very powerful (power) because they determine what experiences you will have in life. 4．Zhang Guimei is regarded as a moral model who uses love and wisdom to help thousands of girl students. 5．Lily had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practise the piano. 6．Keeping a diary in English is one of the most effective (effect)ways to improve our English writing ability. 7．Doing push­ups every day makes it easy for me to keep (keep) slim. 8．A terrible tornado hit the area，making (make) everything in ruins. Ⅲ.完成句子（每小题2分，共10分） 1．深呼吸可以帮助你冷静下来，清晰地思考。 Taking a deep breath can help you calm down and think clearly. 2．我永远不会忘记我和工人们一起住在小县城的那些年，他们对我今天的生活有很大的影响。 I'll never forget those years when I lived in the small county with the workers, who have a great effect on my life today. 3．我突然意识到，只有齐心协力、不懈努力，我们才能渡过难关。 It struck me that only with joint and tireless efforts, can we get through the difficulties. 4．所有的家庭成员通常露天赏月，吃美味的月饼。 All the family members usually enjoy the moon in the open air and eat tasty mooncakes. 5．据说这是为了扫除过去一年的污垢，为新的一年做准备。 It is said that this is to sweep away the dirt of the past year and get ready for the new year. Ⅳ.课文语法填空（每小题1.5分，共15分） On 27 December 2004, a tsunami caused by the 1most powerful (power) earthquake in the past 40 years crashed 2into coastlines across Asia, 3causing (cause) more than 6，500 deaths.The undersea quake 4struck (strike) off the west coast of Indonesia's Sumatra Island, killing at least 1，870 people in that area.In Sri Lanka, about 2，498 people were killed and one million more 5were affected (affect) by the tsunami.As many as 1，900 people died along the southern coast in India.Another 254 were found 6dead (die) and many more were hurt 7or missing in Thailand.Thousands of people are still missing and the number of deaths is expected 8to grow (grow).The damage caused by the tsunami will make 9it difficult to deliver food and supplies to 10survivors (survive). Ⅰ.阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共10分） （2025·茂名高一检测）Everybody hates rats.But in the earthquake capitals of the world—Japan, Los Angeles, Turkey—rats will soon be man's new best friends. What happens after an earthquake? We send in rescue dogs, why? Because they can smell people.Dogs save lives.They help rescuers to find living people.But dogs are big and they can't get into small spaces.So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat. How does it work? First, the rat is trained to smell people.When this happens, the rat's brain gives a signal （信号）.This is sent to a small radio on its back, and then the rescuers follow the radio signals.When the rat's brain activity jumps, the rescuers know that someone is alive.The rat has smelled that person. Although there are already robots which can do this job, rats are better.Christian Linster at Cornell university, New York, says，“Robots, noses don't work well when there are other smells around.Rats are good at that.” Rats can also see in the dark.They are cheaper and quicker to train than dogs, and unlike robots, they don't need electricity! The “rat project” is not finished, but Julie Ryan of International Rescue Corps in Scotland says, “It would be fantastic.A rat could get into spaces we couldn't get to, and a rat would get out if it wasn't safe.” Perhaps for the first time in history, people will be happy to see a rat in a building (but only after an earthquake, of course). [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了老鼠未来能在地震中所扮演的角色。 1．Why will rats become popular in the world earthquake capitals? A．They can get into small spaces. B．They can take the place of man's rescue jobs. C．They can find food for survivors trapped in buildings. D．They can get the place of survivors trapped in buildings. 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据文章第二段“We send in rescue dogs, why? Because they can smell people.Dogs save lives.They help rescuers to find living people.But dogs are big...So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat.”并联系第三段老鼠帮助救人的工作原理可知，在世界地震之都，老鼠将变得受欢迎，因为它们可以找到被困在建筑物中的幸存者的位置。故选D。 2．How can rescuers judge a person who is alive? A．By the noise made by the rat. B．By the rat's unusual behaviour. C．By the signal sent by the radio on the rat. D．By the smell given off by the person trapped. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知，救援人员可以通过老鼠身上的无线电信号来判断一个人是否还活着。故选C。 3．What do we know from the text? A．People are happy to see a rat in a building. B．The “rat project” has been completed already. C．People still use dogs and robots in rescue work. D．Rats have replaced dogs in searching for people. 解析：选C。推理判断题。 根据文章第二段“What happens after an earthquake? We send in rescue dogs, why? Because they can smell people.Dogs save lives.”和文章倒数第二段“Although there are already robots which can do this job, rats are better.”可推知，人们在救援工作中仍然使用狗和机器人。故选C。 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Rules in the Earthquake B．The Role Rats Will Play in the Earthquake C．Ways of Rescuing People D．The Reason for Not Using Dogs 解析：选B。标题归纳题。这篇文章阐述的是关于老鼠未来能在地震中所扮演的角色。B项“老鼠在地震中扮演的角色”为最佳标题，故选B。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五（每小题2.5分，共12.5分） （2025·太原高一检测）Climate change refers to long­term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns.1(　　) But since the 1800s, human activities have been the main driver of climate change, primarily due to burning fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas.Climate change can cause extreme events like wildfires and floods.2(　　) How does climate change make you feel? The news of melting glaciers and oil spills may seem overwhelming and can make you feel angry, frightened, hopeless or upset.This is called climate anxiety.3(　　) If you feel worried about what's happening to the world, it's good for you.It's normal to be upset when things you care about are getting hurt. 4(　　) There are lots of things you can do to help society take better care of the world.Turn your fear into power by doing something.Breaking the problem into bite­sized chunks is a good way to start.Think of something you feel passionate about, such as protecting ocean life or saving forests, and join a community group or charity that supports that cause. Positive action can inspire others too.Sisters Kim and Stella King from the charity Fights Against Plastic have picked up 90, 000 pieces of plastic.They ask schools, businesses and organizations to follow their lead.Remember, it's important to get support from people around.5(　　) A．Why is there climate anxiety? B．And it is a normal, healthy response. C．This risks the lives of humans, animals and plants. D．Melting glaciers contribute a third of sea­level rise. E．No one can fix climate change on their own but we can all play a part. F．These shifts may be natural, such as through variations in the solar cycle. G．So, tell friends and family what you're up to and encourage them to join in. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了气候变化可能带来极端危害，但是每个人可以行动起来更好地照顾这个世界。 1．解析：选F。根据下文可知此处说的是气候变化原本是自然活动。所以F项“这些变化可能是自然的，例如通过太阳活动周期的变化”承接下文。符合语境。故选F。 2．解析：选C。根据上文“Climate change can cause extreme events like wildfires and floods.（气候变化可能导致野火和洪水等极端事件）”可知此处说的是极端天气事件的危害。C项“这危及人类、动物和植物的生命。”符合语境。故选 C。 3．解析：选B。根据下文可知此处说的是对关心的事情感到担忧是健康正常的反应。所以B项“这是一种正常、健康的反应。”符合语境。故选B。 4．解析：选E。根据下文可知此处说的是对于气候变化我们应采取的行动。所以E项“没有人能够独自解决气候变化问题，但我们都可以发挥作用。”符合语境。故选E。 5．解析：选G。根据本段主旨句“Positive action can inspire others too.（积极的行动也能激励他人）” 可知此处说的是激励他人加入。所以G项“所以，告诉朋友和家人你在做什么，鼓励他们加入。”符合语境。故选G。 Ⅲ.完形填空（每小题1分，共15分） （2024·福建三明五校联考高一上期中）My sister and I grew up in a little village in England.Our father was a struggling 　1　， but I always knew he was 　2　．He never criticized us, but used praise to bring out our best.I remember as a child I said something 　3　 about somebody, and my father said, “Any time you say something unpleasant about somebody else, it's a reflection of you.” He explained that if I looked for the best 　4　 people, I would get the best 　5　．From then on, I've always tried to 　6　 the principle in my life and later in running my company. Dad's also always been very 　7　．At 15, I started a magazine.It was 　8　 a great deal of my time, and the headmaster of my school gave me a 　9　： stay in school or leave to work on my magazine. I decided to leave, and Dad tried to change my idea, 　10　 any good father would.When he realized I had made up my mind, he said, “Richard, when I was 23, my dad 　11　 me to go into law.And I've 　12　 regretted it.I wanted to be a biologist, 　13　 I didn't pursue （追随） my dream.You know what you want.Go fulfill it.” As it turned out, my little publication went on to become Student, a national 　14　 for young people in the U．K.My wife and I have two children, and I'd like to think we are bringing them up in the same way Dad 　15　 me. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我的父亲非常理解我，总是通过赞扬的方式来鼓舞我，同时也一直很支持我的选择，结果证明我父亲做得非常正确，我也做了我想做的事情，获得了自己的成就。 1． A．biologist B．manager C．lawyer D．gardener 解析：选C。根据下文作者父亲的话“my dad　11　me to go into law”以及“I wanted to be a biologist...I didn't pursue （追随） my dream”可推知，作者的爷爷劝作者的父亲从事法律，因此作者的父亲没有追随成为生物学家的梦想，所以作者的父亲是一个律师。 2． A．strict B．honest C．special D．learned 解析：选C。根据下文“He never criticized us, but used praise to bring out our best.”可知，作者的父亲很特别。 3． A．unkind B．unnecessary C．unimportant D．unusual 解析：选A。句意：记得小时候我说了一些对别人不好的话，我父亲就说：“任何时候你说一些对别人不友善的话，那都是对你自己的反映。” 根据后文unpleasant可知，此处是指说了一些对别人不好的话。 4． A．on B．in C．at D．about 解析：选B。句意：他解释说，如果我在别人身上寻找到最好的东西，我就会得到最好的回报。 结合句意，此处为固定表达the best in sb“某人的优点”。 5． A．in case B．in return C．in all D．in short 解析：选B。根据上文“Any time you say something unpleasant about somebody else, it's a reflection of you”推知，如果发现别人的优点，那么就会得到最好的回报。 6． A．revise B．set C．review D．follow 解析：选D。句意：从那时起，在我的生活中以及后来在我经营公司的过程中，我一直努力遵循这个原则。 对于父亲的教诲，作者在自己的生活中和公司的经营中，一直在遵守这个原则。 7． A．understanding B．experienced C．serious D．helpful 解析：选A。根据“I decided to leave, and Dad tried to change my idea”可知，父亲善解人意。 8． A．taking up B．making up C．picking up D．looking up 解析：选A。句意：它占用了我大量的时间，学校的校长给了我一个选择：留在学校或离开去写我的杂志。 根据a great deal of my time可知，创办杂志占据了作者大量的时间。 9． A．suggestion B．decision C．notice D．choice 解析：选D。根据“stay in school or leave to work on my magazine”可知，这是一种选择。 10．A．and B．as C．even if D．as if 解析：选B。句意：我决定离开，父亲像任何一个好父亲一样，试图劝说我改变主意。 本句为as引导的方式状语从句，即作者的父亲像所有其他父亲一样劝作者改变主意。 11．A．helped B．allowed C．persuaded D．suggested 解析：选C。句意：Richard，在我23岁的时候，我的父亲说服我从事法律行业。 根据“I wanted to be a biologist”推知，作者的爷爷劝说作者的父亲从事法律行业。 12．A．always B．never C．seldom D．almost 解析：选A。根据后文“I wanted to be a biologist, 　13　 I didn't pursue （追随） my dream.”可知，父亲一直都很后悔自己的选择。 13．A．rather B．for C．but D．therefore 解析：选C。句意：我想成为一名生物学家，但我没有追求我的梦想。 分析句意可知，前后表示转折关系。 14．A．newspaper B．magazine C．program D．project 解析：选B。句意：结果，我的小刊物后来变成了《学生》杂志，一本面向英国年轻人的全国性杂志。 根据上文“leave to work on my magazine”可知，这是一本面向英国年轻人的全国性杂志。 15．A．controlled B．comforted C．reminded D．raised 解析：选D。句意：我和妻子有两个孩子，我认为我们是用爸爸养育我的方式抚养他们的。 根据bringing them up可知，作者认为他们是用爸爸养育作者的方式抚养他们的。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $