课后分层练5-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（人教版）

[课后分层练5] （时间：40分钟　满分：73.5分）　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.判断画波浪线部分的短语类型，并分析句子成分（每小题1分，共10分） 1．He is young but clever．形容词短语，作表语 2．He put a small amount of sugar in the coffee.名词短语， 作宾语 3．They stayed in the snow for several days, cold and hungry．形容词短语， 作状语 4．A great deal of money is spent on the research.名词短语， 作主语 5．I think he is the man suitable for the job．形容词短语， 作定语 6．Lily is a lovely girl whom all the students want to make friends with.名词短语，作表语 7．The teacher speaks clearly enough．副词短语， 作状语 8．For most students, senior high school is a big challenge.名词短语，作主语 9．Let's do sports together and enjoy a healthy life！名词短语，作宾语 10．You did rather badly in the maths test and I hope you can learn a lesson from your mistakes.副词短语，作状语 Ⅱ.完成句子（每小题2分，共10分） 1．只有这样我们才能活得更幸福。 Only in this way can we live more happily． 2．我们将努力使我们的国家更美丽。 We will try to make our country more beautiful． 3．我在语文演讲比赛中得了第一名。 I won the first prize in the Chinese speech contest. 4．听起来是个好主意。 It sounds like a good idea． 5．她很聪明，我们都喜欢她。 She is very clever, and we all like her. Ⅰ.阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共17.5分） A （2025·西安高一检测） School Activity: The “Exercise Month” A number of important school activities are coming up, and the biggest one is the “Exercise Month”． What is our aim? The “Exercise Month” is organized by the Youth Sports Club.The main aim of this activity is to improve our school members' knowledge about the importance of exercise. What are our activities? The “Exercise Month” will take place from December 15th to January 15th.During this month, a lot of activities will be held to show the importance of exercise. ·Writing competition　The topic of the writing competition is “Exercise and Me”．The length of the writing is 500 words for this competition. ·Talk　The talk will be given on December 18th.The speaker will be Dr.Chiu from St.Stephen's Hospital.He will then answer our members' questions about exercise. ·Exhibition　The exhibition will be held from December 19th to January 3rd in our school hall.The history of different kinds of exercise, and the winning and excellent writings from the competition will be on show. ·After­school exercise classes　The after­school exercise classes will run from December 18th to January 14th.In these classes, experienced coaches from the local exercise clubs will train our school members after school.They will also help our school members to make practical exercise plans. [语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了学校“锻炼月”的目的和活动内容。 1．What is the topic of the writing competition? A．Exercise and Me. B．A School Activity. C．Practical Exercise Plans. D．After­School Classes. 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据Writing competition中的“The topic of the writing competition is ‘Exercise and Me’．”可知，作文比赛的主题是“运动与自我”。故选A。 2．When will the after­class exercise classes start? A．On December 15th. B．On December 18th. C．On January 14th. D．On January 15th. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据After­school exercise classes中的“The after­school exercise classes will run from December 18th to January 14th.”可知，课后健身课程从12月18日开始。故选B。 3．What can we learn from the text? A．The local exercise club has a long history. B.Dr.Chiu will train the members after school. C．The coaches will answer the school members' questions. D．Some writings from the competition will be on show. 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据Exhibition中的“The history of different kinds of exercise, and the winning and excellent writings from the competition will be on show.（各种运动的历史，以及比赛的优胜和优秀作品将被展示）”可知，比赛中的一些作品将被展出。故选D。 B （2025·福建宁德高一上期末）My wood­shop teacher, Mr.August J．Bachmann, was the most important teacher I ever had. I had got into trouble in his class: Another student had pushed me into a wood lathe, and I became angry and began to hit him.Mr.Bachmann stopped the fight, but instead of sending me to the office, he sat me down and asked several simple questions, “Penna, why are you wasting your life? Why aren't you going to college？” I knew nothing about colleges.I had never considered a fatherless boy from the poorest neighborhood had a future.That day, instead of rushing off for lunch, he stayed and explained possible education choices to me.At the end of our talk, he sent me to see a secretary who had a child at a state college.This was in 1962 at Emerson High School. Well, 53 years have passed.I gained a doctor's degree.I taught English and social studies.And I moved up from teacher to headmaster.I've won a number of educational awards now.But where would I be if a truly caring teacher had not taken the time out of his lunch period to speak to me? It was without question only his confidence in me that propelled me forward. I have repaid his kindness hundreds of times by encouraging misguided youngsters.If I have saved any children, it is because of him.If I have been a successful educator, it is because I had a great role model in Mr.Bachmann. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在高中时因老师Bachmann的关心和引导，从迷茫中走出，最终成为一名成功的教育者的故事，并表达了对老师的深深感激之情。 4．What can we learn about the author when he was a child? A．He was from a happy family. B．He was punished by the teacher. C．He was the poorest in his class. D．He was not confident at first. 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第三段中“I knew nothing about colleges.I had never considered a fatherless boy from the poorest neighborhood had a future.”可知，作者因为自己来自最贫穷的社区以及没有父亲，从未考虑过自己会有未来。由此推知，起初，作者还是个孩子的时候，他并不自信。故选D。 5．What does the underlined word “propelled” probably mean? A．Put. B．Delivered. C．Pushed. D．Called. 解析：选C。词句猜测题。画线词所在句的前一句“But where would I be if a truly caring teacher had not taken the time out of his lunch period to speak to me？”表明Bachmann先生的关怀改变了作者的人生，再结合画线词的前文“It was without question only his confidence in me”可推知，Bachmann先生对他的信心推动他前进。画线词意思应该是“推动”，与Pushed“推动，促使”意思接近。故选C。 6．Which can best describe Mr.Bachmann? A．Honest and patient. B．Kind and humorous. C．Brave and wise. D．Caring and responsible. 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第二段中“Mr.Bachmann stopped the fight, but instead of sending me to the office, he sat me down and asked several simple questions, ‘Penna, why are you wasting your life? Why aren't you going to college？’”和第三段中“That day, instead of rushing off for lunch, he stayed and explained possible education choices to me.”可知，Bachmann先生在作者打架后没有惩罚他，而是耐心开导他，并帮助他规划未来。由此推知，Bachmann是一位有爱心和责任感的人。故选D。 7．What is the author's purpose of writing this text? A．To show his thanks. B．To show his confidence. C．To repay the kindness. D．To encourage young people. 解析：选A。写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“My wood­shop teacher, Mr.August J．Bachmann, was the most important teacher I ever had.”和最后一段中“If I have saved any children, it is because of him.If I have been a successful educator, it is because I had a great role model in Mr.Bachmann.”可知，作者讲述了自己在高中时因老师Bachmann的关心和引导，从迷茫中走出，最终成为一名成功的教育者的经历，在讲述中表达了对Bachmann先生的感激之情。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五（每小题2.5分，共12.5分） （2025·重庆高一检测）Teenagers hate being treated like children, but don't expect them to be teenagers.1(　　), but parents trying to encourage these changes often do more harm than good. For example, you and the rest of your family are heading up to the mall for a few hours.2(　　), so you decide not to encourage her to come with you.It seems like a very respectful thing to take into account her feelings, but when you return she is unhappy.3(　　).She could have been caught up in a friend drama or some other kind of drama, or she could be feeling hurt.4(　　), but maybe you should have at least talked with her about it.Even knowing that you wanted to spend time with her would probably have made her feel good. Some people may say that it is unreasonable for parents to allow their children to ask for constant （不断的） attention, but spending 30 extra seconds to make sure your children know you care about them only allows them to have a part of the self­worth they are so lacking （缺乏） at this time in their lives. Expecting them to be emotionally distant （疏远） from you only strengthens the idea that they should be.5(　　)．When they need a break from the high school soap opera, you will both be glad you didn't close that door. A．So you are trying to be supportive B.Actively listen to her and say as little as possible C．Maybe she really didn't want to go to the mall with you D．Your daughter doesn't want to be seen with you in public E．Many things could have gone wrong while you were away F．Always give them the choice of being an independent teen or your baby girl G．They are growing up and may want to change things about their habits or activities [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了父母应该如何和青少年相处，青少年讨厌被当作孩子对待，这样做弊大于利。 1．解析：选G。根据上文“Teenagers hate being treated like children, but don't expect them to be teenagers.”可知，青少年讨厌被当作孩子对待，但不要期望他们成为青少年。结合空格后的句子“but parents trying to encourage these changes often do more harm than good”可知，设空处应与青少年在成长过程中有所改变有关。G项符合语境。故选G。 2．解析：选D。根据下文“so you decide not to encourage her to come with you”可知，设空处应是说明你不鼓励她去的原因。D项符合语境。故选D。 3．解析：选E。根据下文“She could have been caught up in a friend drama or some other kind of drama, or she could be feeling hurt.”可知，处于青少年时期的女儿可能会遇到一些问题。所以，设空处应与出现这些问题的原因有关。E项符合语境。故选E。 4．解析：选C。根据下文“but maybe you should have at least talked with her about it”可知，设空处应与女儿内心的想法有关。C项符合语境。故选C。 5．解析：选F。根据上文“Expecting them to be emotionally distant from you only strengthens the idea that they should be.”及下文“When they need a break from the high school soap opera, you will both be glad you didn't close that door.”并结合全文围绕父母应如何对待青少年并与之相处展开可知，F项符合语境。故选F。 Ⅲ.语法填空（每小题1.5分，共15分） （2025·昆明高一检测）Teenagers live very busy lives now and often forget to think about their diets and exercise.The 1　　　　　　 (true) is, healthy eating with regular exercise is the most important way 2　　　　　　 (keep) fit. During your teenage 3　　　　　 (year), it is important to give your body the energy it needs.Teenage girls need about 2, 200 calories a day and boys need a bit 4　　　　　　 (much).Doctors suggest 50% of your calories should come 5　　　　 rice, bread, vegetables and fruit.You also need to drink a lot of water, 6 to 8 glasses 6　　　　　　 day.Drinking enough water will improve your skin and give you healthy hair. Exercise is something that can help you to be healthy.Teenagers 7　　　　　　 (advise) to spend at least 30 minutes 8　　　　　　 (exercise), five times a week.When you exercise, your body will produce something 9　　　　　　 makes you feel relaxed.It can even help you sleep better at night and let you be more attentive and 10　　　　　　 (confidence) when you study. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。主要介绍青少年在学校经常忘记关注自己的饮食和运动，事实上，健康饮食和有规律的锻炼是保持健康的方法，它们会使你的身体感到放松和舒适，可以帮助你在晚上睡得更好，让你在学习的时候变得更专注更自信。 1．解析：truth。考查名词。空前提示词the，作主语，用名词形式，故填truth。 2．解析：to keep。考查不定式。way后接不定式作定语，故填to keep。 3．解析：years。考查名词。青少年时期不止一年，故用复数，故填years。 4．解析：more。考查比较级。结合上一句“青少年女孩每天需要大约2 200卡路里的热量”和常识可知，男孩需要的热量应该更多，用much的比较级more，指代“更多的热量”。故填more。 5．解析：from。考查介词。come from“来自”，固定短语，故填from。 6．解析：a。考查冠词。根据句意，填不定冠词a，表示“每”，故填a。 7．解析：are advised。考查时态、语态和主谓一致。advise作谓语，与主语Teenagers是被动关系，描述一般事实用一般现在时，且主语是复数，故填are advised。 8．解析：exercising。考查动名词。spend some time doing sth“花费时间做某事”，用动名词作宾语，故填exercising。 9．解析：that。考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，且从句中缺主语，指物用that或which，又因先行词是不定代词something，所以不能用which引导。故填that。 10．解析：confident。考查形容词。and前后是并列关系，and前的attentive是形容词，and后也应用形容词。故填confident。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $