UNIT 1 Section III Discovering Useful Structures—Noun phrases，adjective phrases and adverb phrases-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（人教版）

该高中英语课件围绕“青少年生活”主题，聚焦名词、形容词、副词短语的语法功能，通过亚里士多德名言导入“人与自我——学校生活”主题语境，搭建从图解语法到感知、精讲，再到冲突训练与高考真题体验的递进式学习支架。 其亮点在于融合主题语境与语法教学，通过图解语法直观呈现短语功能，结合冲突训练和小天带领的高考真题体验，提升学生语言能力与思维品质。采用分层训练和限时练习，学生能增强语法应用能力与学习效率，教师可依托系统资源优化教学环节。

Good habits formed at youth make all the difference. —Aristotle 青少年时养成的好习惯能让人受益终生。 ——亚里士多德 TEENAGE LIFE 主题语境：人与自我——学校生活 UNIT 1 更多模板请关注：https://haosc.taobao.com 1 课后分层练 5 Section III Discovering Useful Structures— Noun phrases，adjective phrases and adverb phrases 分析下列课文原句 1．The first week was a little confusing. 2．I know that Chinese is a very difficult language. 3．...but the coach told me that I didn't play well enough. 4．I joined a volunteer club instead. 5．I'm a bit worried about keeping up with the other student... 宾语 形容词 表语 副词 状语 【我的感悟】 1．The first week，a very difficult language，a volunteer club都是 短语，分别充当 ， 和 。 2．a little confusing，a bit worried都是 短语，都是充当 。 3．well enough是 短语，充当 。 名词 主语 表语 在高中阶段，常见的短语形式有：名词短语(Noun Phrases)、形容词短语(Adjective Phrases)、副词短语(Adverb Phrases)、介词短语(Prepositional Phrases)及动词短语(Verb Phrases)等。 一、名词短语 1．名词短语的意义和组成 名词短语指名词与它的修饰语构成的短语。名词短语通常由限定词＋形容词、形容词短语、 描述性名词＋名词＋介词 ①This school club has attracted many students 限定词＋名词＋名词 形容词＋名词 to sign up. 该学校俱乐部吸引了很多学生报名。 ②I hope my advice will be helpful to you. 限定词＋名词　　　　　　　　 　 我希望我的建议对你有帮助。 ③Obviously, it's a beautiful campus of mine． 限定词＋形容词＋名词＋介词短语 很显然，这是我美丽的校园。 【点拨】　在名词短语的组成中，限定词包括冠词(a、an、the)、指示代词（this、that、these、those等）、 物主代词（my、your、his、her、our、their等）和不定代词（some、no、neither、both等）。 2．名词短语的句法功能 名词短语在句中一般作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语或同位语。 ①（2025·浙江1月卷读后续写）Kevin and Mr.Green took the watch they had found to the police station. 凯文和格林先生把他们找到的手表带到警察局。 ②I'm a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in my advanced course． 我有点担心在高等课程上无法跟上其他同学。 ③I found him a very patient teacher宾语补足语． 我发现他是一个非常有耐心的老师。 宾语 宾语 主语 主语 宾语补足语 宾语 同位语 ————即学即练1———— 写出下列句中加黑名词短语在句中所作的成分 ①My best friend Betsy's father was a manager. ②（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写）David finally crossed the finish line and many strangers cheered for him. ③As for me, English is my favorite subject. ④Those beautiful flowers come from Yunnan. ⑤We made him captain of our team. ⑥He got three gold medals at the Olympic Games. ⑦Therefore, we hope you, a native speaker, would like to give us some advice on what we can do well with our English compositions. 主语 宾语 表语 二、形容词短语 1．形容词短语的意义和组成 形容词短语指由几个形容词或形容词及其修饰语构成的短语。形容词短语常由副词＋形容词＋介词短语构成。 (1)so、very、extremely、perfectly、fairly等程度副词作修饰语可与形容词构成形容词短语。 The weather is fairly warm，so I'd like to have a walk. 天气相当暖和，因此我想出去走走。 (2)两个或多个形容词由and、 but等连接构成形容词短语。 Your room is large and beautiful．　　 　 你的房间又大又漂亮。 副词＋形容词 形容词＋and＋形容词 (3)形容词＋enough＋介词短语构成形容词短语。 That's good enough for me．　　 　 　 那对我来说已经够好了。 (4)介词及其宾语可用在形容词后修饰形容词，可与形容词构成形容词短语。 The little girl is afraid of snakes． 这个小女孩害怕蛇。 形容词＋enough＋介词短语 形容词＋介词短语 原因状语 2．形容词短语的句法功能 形容词短语可以修饰名词或代词作前置或后置定语，还可以用作表语、宾语补足语或状语。 ①We had a very difficul test in chemistry. 我们的化学考试很难。 ②I am quite interested in modern Chinese literature. 我对中国现代文学很感兴趣。 ③What he said just now made me a little annoyed． 他刚才说的话让我有点生气。 ④Anxious for a quick decision，the chairman called for a vote. 由于急于快速做出决定，主席要求投票表决。 前置定语 表语 宾语补足语 really angry ————即学即练2———— 请用下划线标出下面语段中的形容词短语 Last week, I had a quiz in English class.It was for me to answer these questions.I was to tell my mom about my failure in the quiz, wondering if she would be with me.Anyway, she knew I had tried my best and encouraged me to do better next time. very important so hard too worried 三、副词短语 1．副词短语的意义和组成 副词短语指由几个副词或副词及其修饰语构成的短语。 (1)very、extremely、perfectly、fairly等程度副词作修饰语可与其他副词构成副词短语。 You know perfectly well that he was right. 你完全知道他是对的。 副词＋副词 (2)副词＋enough＋介词短语构成副词短语。 I wish you'd write clearly enough for us to read it. 我希望你能写得足够清楚，让我们看得懂。 【点拨】　副词enough在修饰形容词或者副词构成形容词短语或者副词短语时，一般放在所修饰的形容词或者副词后面。 副词＋enough＋介词短语 (3)两个或多个副词可由and、but等连接构成副词短语。 I tried again and again． 副词＋and＋副词 我试了一遍又一遍。 (4)介词及其宾语用在副词后修饰副词，可与副词构成副词短语。 He ran fast on his way home． 副词＋介词短语 回家的路上他跑得很快。 2．副词短语的句法功能 副词短语在句中可以修饰动词或整个句子作状语。 ①Don't worry.He will do the job well enough． 不用担心，他会做好这项工作的。 ②He ran far too fast， so I could hardly keep up with him. 他跑得太快了，我跟不上他。 ③Strangely enough，he managed to finish the job by himself. 奇怪的是，他设法自己完成了这项工作。 修饰全句作状语 修饰全句作状语 修饰全句作状语 the four largest ice and snow festivals far more productive ————即学即练3———— 写出画线部分的短语类型 ①We should not speak in ．（副词短语） （名词短语） ②You speak English ．（副词短语） ③The festival is one of in the world！（名词短语） ④Recent studies show that we are at work if we take short breaks regularly.（形容词短语） so loudly our school library very fluently very interesting and meaningful develop much more quickly 使用本单元所学语法知识补全下面的语段 （我们学校的科学俱乐部）was established in 2020.It now has 55 members, including me.Our instructor is 2. （知识渊博， 并且很负责）.We often carry out 3. （各种各样的实验）， which are 4. （很有趣、很有意义）.We all want to be a scientist to help our country 5. （更快地发展）. Our school science club very knowledgeable and responsible all kinds of experiments 形容词短语；定语 写出画波浪线短语类型及在句中所作成分 1．（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷） We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. 2．（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷） On this one, list all the positive things you've done for others. 3．（2024·全国甲卷）For those extremely hungry there's a large set menu. 名词短语；表语 名词短语；宾语 （2024·新高考Ⅰ卷）Some students who have advanced speaking skills may find it tough to talk with those with basic conversation in the same group. 5．（2024·全国乙卷）This summer, I decided to learn photography and it turned out to be very surprising． 6．（2020·全国Ⅲ卷）And what does Nick think? “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well． 名词短语；宾语 形容词短语；表语 副词短语；状语 Ⅰ.判断画波浪线部分的短语类型，并分析句子成分 Ⅱ.完成句子 III.语法填空 Ⅰ.阅读理解 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 形容词短语， 作状语 名词短语， 作主语 形容词短语， 作定语 Ⅰ.判断画波浪线部分的短语类型，并分析句子成分（每小题1分，共10分） 1．He is young but clever． 2．He put a small amount of sugar in the coffee. 3．They stayed in the snow for several days, cold and hungry． 4．A great deal of money is spent on the research. 5．I think he is the man suitable for the job． 形容词短语，作表语 名词短语， 作宾语 名词短语，作宾语 副词短语，作状语 Lily is a lovely girl whom all the students want to make friends with. 7．The teacher speaks clearly enough． 8．For most students, senior high school is a big challenge. Let's do sports together and enjoy a healthy life！ 10．You did rather badly in the maths test and I hope you can learn a lesson from your mistakes. 名词短语，作表语 副词短语， 作状语 名词短语，作主语 a good idea very clever, Ⅱ.完成句子（每小题2分，共10分） 1．只有这样我们才能活得更幸福。 Only in this way can we live ． 2．我们将努力使我们的国家更美丽。 We will try to make our country ． 3．我在语文演讲比赛中得了第一名。 I won the Chinese speech contest. 4．听起来是个好主意。 It sounds like ． 5．她很聪明，我们都喜欢她。 She is and we all like her. more happily more beautiful the first prize in Ⅰ.阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共17.5分） A （2025·西安高一检测） School Activity: The “Exercise Month” A number of important school activities are coming up, and the biggest one is the “Exercise Month”． What is our aim? The “Exercise Month” is organized by the Youth Sports Club.The main aim of this activity is to improve our school members' knowledge about the importance of exercise. What are our activities? The “Exercise Month” will take place from December 15th to January 15th.During this month, a lot of activities will be held to show the importance of exercise. ·Writing competition　The topic of the writing competition is “Exercise and Me”．The length of the writing is 500 words for this competition. ·Talk　The talk will be given on December 18th.The speaker will be Dr.Chiu from St.Stephen's Hospital.He will then answer our members' questions about exercise. ·Exhibition　The exhibition will be held from December 19th to January 3rd in our school hall.The history of different kinds of exercise, and the winning and excellent writings from the competition will be on show. ·After­school exercise classes　The after­school exercise classes will run from December 18th to January 14th.In these classes, experienced coaches from the local exercise clubs will train our school members after school.They will also help our school members to make practical exercise plans. [语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了学校“锻炼月”的目的和活动内容。 1．What is the topic of the writing competition? A．Exercise and Me. B．A School Activity. C．Practical Exercise Plans. D．After­School Classes. √ 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据Writing competition中的“The topic of the writing competition is ‘Exercise and Me’．”可知，作文比赛的主题是“运动与自我”。故选A。 2．When will the after­class exercise classes start? A．On December 15th. B．On December 18th. C．On January 14th. D．On January 15th. √ 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据After­school exercise classes中的“The after­school exercise classes will run from December 18th to January 14th.”可知，课后健身课程从12月18日开始。故选B。 3．What can we learn from the text? A．The local exercise club has a long history. B．Dr.Chiu will train the members after school. C．The coaches will answer the school members' questions. D．Some writings from the competition will be on show. √ 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据Exhibition中的“The history of different kinds of exercise, and the winning and excellent writings from the competition will be on show.（各种运动的历史，以及比赛的优胜和优秀作品将被展示）”可知，比赛中的一些作品将被展出。故选D。 B （2025·福建宁德高一上期末）My wood­shop teacher, Mr.August J．Bachmann, was the most important teacher I ever had. I had got into trouble in his class: Another student had pushed me into a wood lathe, and I became angry and began to hit him.Mr.Bachmann stopped the fight, but instead of sending me to the office, he sat me down and asked several simple questions, “Penna, why are you wasting your life? Why aren't you going to college？” I knew nothing about colleges.I had never considered a fatherless boy from the poorest neighborhood had a future.That day, instead of rushing off for lunch, he stayed and explained possible education choices to me.At the end of our talk, he sent me to see a secretary who had a child at a state college.This was in 1962 at Emerson High School. Well, 53 years have passed.I gained a doctor's degree.I taught English and social studies.And I moved up from teacher to headmaster.I've won a number of educational awards now.But where would I be if a truly caring teacher had not taken the time out of his lunch period to speak to me? It was without question only his confidence in me that propelled me forward. I have repaid his kindness hundreds of times by encouraging misguided youngsters.If I have saved any children, it is because of him.If I have been a successful educator, it is because I had a great role model in Mr.Bachmann. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在高中时因老师Bachmann的关心和引导，从迷茫中走出，最终成为一名成功的教育者的故事，并表达了对老师的深深感激之情。 4．What can we learn about the author when he was a child? A．He was from a happy family. B．He was punished by the teacher. C．He was the poorest in his class. D．He was not confident at first. √ 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第三段中“I knew nothing about colleges.I had never considered a fatherless boy from the poorest neighborhood had a future.”可知，作者因为自己来自最贫穷的社区以及没有父亲，从未考虑过自己会有未来。由此推知，起初，作者还是个孩子的时候，他并不自信。故选D。 5．What does the underlined word “propelled” probably mean? A．Put. B．Delivered. C．Pushed. D．Called. √ 解析：选C。词句猜测题。画线词所在句的前一句“But where would I be if a truly caring teacher had not taken the time out of his lunch period to speak to me？”表明Bachmann先生的关怀改变了作者的人生，再结合画线词的前文“It was without question only his confidence in me”可推知，Bachmann先生对他的信心推动他前进。画线词意思应该是“推动”，与Pushed“推动，促使”意思接近。故选C。 6．Which can best describe Mr.Bachmann? A．Honest and patient. B．Kind and humorous. C．Brave and wise. D．Caring and responsible. √ 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第二段中“Mr.Bachmann stopped the fight, but instead of sending me to the office, he sat me down and asked several simple questions, ‘Penna, why are you wasting your life? Why aren't you going to college？’”和第三段中“That day, instead of rushing off for lunch, he stayed and explained possible education choices to me.”可知，Bachmann先生在作者打架后没有惩罚他，而是耐心开导他，并帮助他规划未来。由此推知，Bachmann是一位有爱心和责任感的人。故选D。 7．What is the author's purpose of writing this text? A．To show his thanks. B．To show his confidence. C．To repay the kindness. D．To encourage young people. √ 解析：选A。写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“My wood­shop teacher, Mr.August J．Bachmann, was the most important teacher I ever had.”和最后一段中“If I have saved any children, it is because of him.If I have been a successful educator, it is because I had a great role model in Mr.Bachmann.”可知，作者讲述了自己在高中时因老师Bachmann的关心和引导，从迷茫中走出，最终成为一名成功的教育者的经历，在讲述中表达了对Bachmann先生的感激之情。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五（每小题2.5分，共12.5分） （2025·重庆高一检测）Teenagers hate being treated like children, but don't expect them to be teenagers.1(　　), but parents trying to encourage these changes often do more harm than good. For example, you and the rest of your family are heading up to the mall for a few hours.2(　　), so you decide not to encourage her to come with you.It seems like a very respectful thing to take into account her feelings, but when you return she is unhappy.3(　　).She could have been caught up in a friend drama or some other kind of drama, or she could be feeling hurt.4(　　), but maybe you should have at least talked with her about it.Even knowing that you wanted to spend time with her would probably have made her feel good. Some people may say that it is unreasonable for parents to allow their children to ask for constant （不断的） attention, but spending 30 extra seconds to make sure your children know you care about them only allows them to have a part of the self­worth they are so lacking （缺乏） at this time in their lives. Expecting them to be emotionally distant （疏远） from you only strengthens the idea that they should be.5(　　)．When they need a break from the high school soap opera, you will both be glad you didn't close that door. A．So you are trying to be supportive B.Actively listen to her and say as little as possible C．Maybe she really didn't want to go to the mall with you D．Your daughter doesn't want to be seen with you in public E．Many things could have gone wrong while you were away F．Always give them the choice of being an independent teen or your baby girl G．They are growing up and may want to change things about their habits or activities [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了父母应该如何和青少年相处，青少年讨厌被当作孩子对待，这样做弊大于利。 解析：选G。根据上文“Teenagers hate being treated like children, but don't expect them to be teenagers.”可知，青少年讨厌被当作孩子对待，但不要期望他们成为青少年。结合空格后的句子“but parents trying to encourage these changes often do more harm than good”可知，设空处应与青少年在成长过程中有所改变有关。G项符合语境。故选G。 2．解析：选D。根据下文“so you decide not to encourage her to come with you”可知，设空处应是说明你不鼓励她去的原因。D项符合语境。故选D。 3．解析：选E。根据下文“She could have been caught up in a friend drama or some other kind of drama, or she could be feeling hurt.”可知，处于青少年时期的女儿可能会遇到一些问题。所以，设空处应与出现这些问题的原因有关。E项符合语境。故选E。 4．解析：选C。根据下文“but maybe you should have at least talked with her about it”可知，设空处应与女儿内心的想法有关。C项符合语境。故选C。 5．解析：选F。根据上文“Expecting them to be emotionally distant from you only strengthens the idea that they should be.”及下文“When they need a break from the high school soap opera, you will both be glad you didn't close that door.”并结合全文围绕父母应如何对待青少年并与之相处展开可知，F项符合语境。故选F。 Ⅲ.语法填空（每小题1.5分，共15分） （2025·昆明高一检测）Teenagers live very busy lives now and often forget to think about their diets and exercise.The 1　　　　　　 (true) is, healthy eating with regular exercise is the most important way 2　　　　　　 (keep) fit. During your teenage 3　　　　　 (year), it is important to give your body the energy it needs.Teenage girls need about 2, 200 calories a day and boys need a bit 4　　　　　　 (much).Doctors suggest 50% of your calories should come 5　　　　 rice, bread, vegetables and fruit.You also need to drink a lot of water, 6 to 8 glasses 6　　　　　　 day.Drinking enough water will improve your skin and give you healthy hair. Exercise is something that can help you to be healthy.Teenagers 7　　　　　　 (advise) to spend at least 30 minutes 8　　　　　　 (exercise), five times a week.When you exercise, your body will produce something 9　　　　　　 makes you feel relaxed.It can even help you sleep better at night and let you be more attentive and 10　　　　　　 (confidence) when you study. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。主要介绍青少年在学校经常忘记关注自己的饮食和运动，事实上，健康饮食和有规律的锻炼是保持健康的方法，它们会使你的身体感到放松和舒适，可以帮助你在晚上睡得更好，让你在学习的时候变得更专注更自信。 1．解析：truth。考查名词。空前提示词the，作主语，用名词形式，故填truth。 2．解析：to keep。考查不定式。way后接不定式作定语，故填to keep。 3．解析：years。考查名词。青少年时期不止一年，故用复数，故填years。 4．解析：more。考查比较级。结合上一句“青少年女孩每天需要大约2 200卡路里的热量”和常识可知，男孩需要的热量应该更多，用much的比较级more，指代“更多的热量”。故填more。 5．解析：from。考查介词。come from“来自”，固定短语，故填from 6．解析：a。考查冠词。根据句意，填不定冠词a，表示“每”，故填a。 7．解析：are advised。考查时态、语态和主谓一致。advise作谓语，与主语Teenagers是被动关系，描述一般事实用一般现在时，且主语是复数，故填are advised。 8．解析：exercising。考查动名词。spend some time doing sth“花费时间做某事”，用动名词作宾语，故填exercising。 9．解析：that。考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，且从句中缺主语，指物用that或which，又因先行词是不定代词something，所以不能用which引导。故填that。 10．解析：confident。考查形容词。and前后是并列关系，and前的attentive是形容词，and后也应用形容词。故填confident。 $