精品解析：北京市第五十七中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷

2025-2026学年第一学期高二英语期中考试试卷 2025. 11. 6 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30 分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 At 22, Clara Parker, full of artistic dreams, entered the art college. But soon, facing financial hardship, Clara had to quit school to find a ___1___. But opportunities were rare. Just when she was almost hopeless, she heard a local mine was hiring. ___2___ the tough, male-dominated environment, she applied and got the job, becoming the youngest and only female in the team. Her colleagues, ___3___ of her ability, started to whisper that she should leave. But Clara was determined. She spent her breaks studying the machinery manuals, asking the more experienced miners for advice. Gradually, she became ___4___ for the job. Even in the midst of the exhausting mining work, Clara never let go of her ___5___ for art. During her short lunch breaks, she’d quickly draw the faces of her fellow miners, trying to ___6___ the tiredness and determination in their eyes. These sketches were an artistic outlet as well as a way for her to ___7___ with the people around her. On weekends, using the limited paints she could afford, she’d create more elaborate paintings of the mine’s inside. Each stroke (笔画) of the brush was a means by which she could ___8___ the experiences of the week and find meaning in the tough job. Clara’s art not only brought a touch of ___9___ to the otherwise depressing mining environments but also united the workers in a shared appreciation for her talent. Now, Clara is a symbol of strength. While dreaming of returning to art school, she finds her hidden capabilities and resilience, proving unexpected journeys can inspire _____10_____. 1. A. project B. task C. way D. job 2. A. In contrast to B. Thanks to C. In spite of D. Apart from 3. A. doubtful B. certain C. aware D. proud 4. A. known B. qualified C. responsible D. grateful 5. A. concern B. appreciation C. respect D. passion 6. A. catch B. distinguish C. remove D. measure 7. A. joke B. compete C. connect D. trade 8. A. process B. explain C. escape D. compare 9. A. freedom B. wisdom C. humour D. beauty 10. A. acceptance B. growth C. honesty D. innovation 第二节 语法填空（共 10 题；每小题 1. 5 分, 共 15 分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 By the time Sullivan completed her degree, she had been ready for her first teaching job. Her passion for education was ____11____ made her a natural fit for the profession. While she was organizing her lesson plans, she reflected on how much she ____12____(learn) during her studies. She knew teaching was not just about giving knowledge, but about inspiring others to learn. Each student was different with unique strengths and she aimed to discover their potential. She believed that ____13____ patience and creativity, teachers could give students the confidence to succeed in their studies. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Last summer, we visited a small town ____14____ history dates back over six hundred years to the Ming Dynasty. It retains well-preserved ancient lanes and traditional wooden houses. A key landmark here is an old library, ____15____ (found) in 1925 by a local scholar, which still keeps precious rare books, including some handwritten manuscripts. Every weekend, local students come to read and research here. They not only focus on their books but also help arrange the shelves by ____16____ (they). This town is truly a lovely place linking past and present. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Here are some ways to fight anger. Firstly, accept small misunderstandings that will frustrate you — realizing no one is perfect is a good start to avoiding ____17____ (get) angry. Secondly, stop trying to manage anger right away; a better way is to find the root cause of the moments ____18____ tensions rise and patience fades. Once you know why you're mad, deal with it directly. Also, the negative effects of uncontrolled anger are seen by most peopleBut the real harm behind these effects ____19____ (hide) in daily life. Lastly, don’t take the easy way. Reactions like throwing things or yelling are simple but bad. Learning to control them lets you become ____20____ (calm) and less violent. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38 分） 第一节（共 14 题；每小题 2 分, 共 28 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A To request Smile Cards, please fill out the form below. A volunteer will mail you an order of ten cards within two weeks. Smile Cards are offered to anyone who requests them on a pay-it-forward basis. That means there is no charge for a set of cards. Someone before you has paid for your cards, and you are invited to keep the chain going and pay-forward whatever you wish for the next person! For special events or circumstances, you can also place a large quantity of request. Note: When using a Smile Card, remember not to just hand it out by itself. The idea is to do something kind for someone and then leave the Smile Card behind, so that they know someone reached out to them, and that they are invited to pay-forward the kindness and keep the ripples going! PLACE SMILE CARD ORDER NOW ABOUT US KindSpring is a place to practice small acts of "kindness. For over a decade the KindSpring user community has focused on inner transformation, while collectively changing the world with generosity, gratitude, and trust. The site is 100% volunteer-run and totally non-commercial. It is a shared labor of love. 21. When can you use a smile card? A. Your friend's birthday is approaching. B. Your classmate has won the first prize. C. You've ordered lunch for a poor friend. D. You find your classmate in low spirits. 22. To order smile cards, you have to____________. A. pay for them in advance B. place a big quantity of request C. mail some necessary information D. tell what favor you will do for others 23. The purpose of using smile cards is to encourage people to________________. A. spread kindness B. become volunteers C. advertise for K indSpring D. pay others' kindness back B A few days ago, my husband, Russ, and I lost our house of 28 years to a California wild fire. On that night, we had to leave our house and sleep in the back seat of our Ford. The next morning, we had to drive three and a half hours to find a hotel that had an available room. Only later, in the local newspaper, did we see photographs of the destruction. Our house had been consumed by the fire along with most of our neighborhood. How are we going to rebuild after this? I thought, rounding a corner in the sidewalk on my walk back to the hotel. Is it even possible? I noticed something up ahead—a pair of nickels, shining like precious jewels. They were just nickels, but they somehow felt special. I bent down and picked them up. If these were lucky coins, I could use all the luck I could get. A few days later, I made a trip to the store to buy essentials. The enormous task of replacing everything we’d lost put a heavy weight on me. I was about to leave when I felt the urge to stop and turn my head to the right. I could hardly believe it—there on nickela shelf, was a nickel! Okay, maybe this is more than luck, I thought and put the nickel in my pocket. I told myself that I had found the nickels just by chance. Then I found one next to my plate at a restaurant—on Thanksgiving, no less, when I was missing our house more than ever. It seemed that a nickel appeared whenever my spirits plummeted. Whenever I reached my breaking point, I’d find another nickel. In the grass at the park, or near the tire of my car in a parking lot. Once, my change for a quick lunch was given entirely in nickels. “I’m sorry,” the cashier said. “It’s all we have.” It’s all I needed! One day, I was sitting at the desk when my phone rang. It was a real-estate agent I’d been working with. “I have a new listing,” she said. “When can we see it?” A few hours later, Russ and I were following the agent down the driveway toward the house. I didn’t think long. Because there in the driveway, … 24. After the wild fire, the couple ________. A. lived in their car for one night B. took some photos of the destruction C. could hardly afford their Thanksgiving dinner D. saved precious items from the burned down house 25. What does the underlined word “plummeted” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A Remained. B. Changed. C. Strengthened. D. Sank. 26. What did the found nickels mean to the author? A. Luck for the foreseeable future. B Hope during challenging times. C. Signs of a huge fortune to come. D. Reminders of what had happened. 27. Which would be the best ending for the passage? A. I spotted a flash of silver in the sun, two nickels, both heads up. B. I found an old nickel, which seemed to tell a story from the past. C. I saw a mysterious locked box, and thought perhaps it was full of nickels. D. I looked up and imagined something on a cloud, a giant nickel, just for me. C As people worldwide adopt more electronics into their lives, there’s an ever-growing pile of discarded devices. According to a UN estimate, less than a quarter of the millions of pounds of electronics thrown away each year are recycled. And the problem is only going to get worse as the world upgrades to 5G devices and the Internet of Things continues to expand. Part of the problem is that electronic devices are difficult to recycle. In the new study, Franklin and his laboratory demonstrate a completely recyclable, fully functional transistor (晶体管) made out of three carbon-based inks that can be easily printed onto paper or other flexible, environmentally friendly surfaces. Carbon nanotubes and graphene (石墨烯) inks are used for the semiconductors and conductors, respectively. While these materials are not new to printed electronics, Franklin says, the path to recyclability was opened with the development of a wood-derived insulating ink called nanocellulose (纳米纤维素). “Nanocellulose is biodegradable and has been used in applications like packaging for years,” said Franklin. “And while people have long known about its potential applications as an insulator (绝缘体) in electronics, nobody has figured out how to use it in a printable ink before. That's one of the keys to making these fully recyclable devices functional.” The researchers developed a method to get nanocellulose, which performs admirably as an insulator in their printed transistors. The team then demonstrates just how recyclable their design is. By putting their devices in a series of baths, the carbon nanotubes and graphene are recovered with an average yield of nearly 100%. Both materials can then be reused in the same printing process while losing very little of their performance viability. And because the nanocellulose is made from wood, it can simply be recycled along with the paper it was printed on. Franklin hopes to make a first step toward the technology being commercially pursued for simple devices. For example, he could imagine the technology being used in a large building, needing thousands of simple environmental sensors to monitor its energy use or customized biosensing patches for tracking medical conditions. “Recyclable electronics like this aren’t going to replace an entire half-trillion-dollar industry by any means, and we're certainly not near printing recyclable computer processors,” said Franklin. “But demonstrating these types of new materials and their functionality is hopefully a stepping stone in the right direction to a new type of electronics lifecycle. ” 28. Paragraph 1 mainly intends to ________. A. inform us of the Internet B. explain the popularity of electronics C. reveal the problem of electronic waste D. call attention to environmental protection 29. What can be inferred about nanocellulose in the passage? A. It is recycled as wood. B. It makes the printed transistor recyclable. C. Without it, there wouldn’t be insulators. D It is newly found to be environmentally friendly. 30. According to Franklin, his research will________. A. revolutionize the computer industry B. solve the mystery of printed electronics C. improve the efficiency of electronics design D. have a market for the design of certain electronics 31. Which would be the best title for this passage? A Electronic Waste Problem Hardly Solved. B. New Potential of Wood Fibers Discovered. C. Electronics Life Cycle Fundamentally Changed. D. Fully Recyclable Printed Electronics Developed. D I was introduced to the concept of literacy animator (扫盲志士) in Oladumi Arigbede's article on high illiteracy rates among women and school dropout rates among girls. According to Arigbede, literacy animators view their role as assisting in the self-liberating development of people in the world who are struggling for a more meaningful life. Animators are a family of deeply concerned and committed people whose rejection of mass human pauperization (贫穷化) forces them to intervene (干预) on the side of the marginalized. Their motivation is not derived from a love of literacy as merely another technical life skill, and they accept that literacy is never culturally or ideologically (意识形态地) neutral. Arigbede writes from her experiences as an animator working with women and men in Nigeria. She believes that literacy animators have to make a clear choice about whose culture and whose ideology will be fostered among those with whom they work. Do literacy educators in the United States consider whether the instruction they pursue conflicts with their students’ traditional cultures or community, or fosters illiteracies in learners' first or home languages or dialects (方言) and in their orality? Some approaches to literacy instruction represent an ideology of individualism, control, and competition. Consider, for example, the difference in values conveyed and represented when students engage in choral reading versus the practice of having one student read out loud to the group. To identify as a literacy animator is to choose the ideology of “sharing, unity, love, equity, co-operation with and respect of both nature and other human beings.” Literacy pedagogy (教学法) that matches the animator ideology works on maintaining the languages and cultures of millions of minority children who at present are being forced to accept the language and culture of the dominant group. Animator ideology might lead to assessment that examines the performance outcomes of a community of literacy learners and the social significance of their uses of literacy, as opposed to measuring what an individual can do as a reader and writer on a standardized test. Shor, another researcher describes literacy animators as problem-posing, community-based, dialogic educators. Do our teacher-education textbooks on reading and language arts promote the idea that teachers should explore problems from a community-based dialogic perspective? 32. A literacy animator is one who ________. A. struggles for a more meaningful life B. is committed to isolating the illiterate C. frees people from poverty and illiteracy D. is concerned with what is behind illiteracy 33. Arigbede worked with Nigerians probably to ________. A. reject the values of the ruling class B. teach American customs and ideology C. make a choice of culture to be fostered D. help maintain Nigerian language and culture 34. Animator ideology emphasizes more on________. A. students’ performance in tests B. the social function of literacy C. the ruling group’s language D. the attainment of life skills 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Some people prefer to have a bite to eat before hitting the gym, known as a fed workout. Others would like to wait until after exercising to refuel their bodies, called a fasted workout. To eat or not to eat, that is the question on many fitness enthusiasts' minds. ____35____ If you want energy and strength for an ideal workout, you need fuel. A fed workout will provide your body with power. ____36____ These benefits can result in burning more fat and shaping a slimmer body. Muscle preservation is also an essential component of strengthening your body. Nitrogen (氮) is critical for processing protein that builds healthy muscles. People tend to lose less nitrogen during a fed workout than a fasted one. Many fitness enthusiasts are not on board with this idea. They report feeling sick and inactive while trying to exercise after eating. With a fasted workout, you may not get the usual indigestion. Experts for fasted workouts further claim that eating afterwards makes your body use its fat reserves for energy, meaning you will burn more fat. ____37____ It can cause a sudden drop in your blood glucose levels, and you may feel dizzy. You may even be more likely to overeat. Knowing what to eat for an ideal workout is just as important as knowing when to eat. ____38____ For example, if you choose a fed workout, you'll probably lose a lot of water during an intense training, so you should consider drinking some beforehand. With a fasted workout, it would help if you had some nutrition right after your session is complete. Drink some water. Then, have a light meal or nutritional snack. ____39____ Both fasted workouts and fed activities have their benefits and shortcomings. Think thoroughly and discuss with your fitness instructor before taking a choice. A. Not all foods are created equal. B. However, a fasted workout might not work for you. C. Deciding when to eat for an ideal workout is a personal choice. D. How your body will respond is based on your workout intensity. E. Many experts say there's no easy answer because it depends on the person. F. A person doing a 30-minute session a day may have a problem with fasted workouts. G. Eating before exercise may help you sustain longer sessions and lift heavier weights. 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题纸指定区域作答。 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。 Discovered by Amateurs Some astronomers spend their entire careers looking for new discoveries in space, but a 10-year-old Canadian girl found one on her first try. In January, 2011, Kathryn Gray, who often studied stars, was looking at recent pictures of outer space and comparing them to pictures taken years earlier. The pictures were just thousands of tiny spots of light, but Gray spotted a star that looked different in the recent pictures. Could it possibly be a supernova (超新星)? Usually a supernova is brighter, and it becomes visible through a telescope due to the brightness. Later Gray’s discovery was confirmed, and she became the youngest person to discover a supernova. Throughout history, important discoveries in astronomy have been made by amateurs. An early example is William Herschel, who discovered Uranus in 1781. Uranus had been observed before, but expert astronomers thought it didn’t belong to our solar system. When Herschel saw it with a telescope he had designed and built himself, he realized that it was orbiting the sun. This meant that Uranus was a planet. And so, the map of our night sky was changed forever. Then in 1930, a major discovery was made by a 24-year-old man, a farmer’s son, with no college education or formal training in astronomy. Clyde Tombaugh had built a homemade telescope using instructions from an article in a boy’s magazine. He used to draw detailed pictures of the surfaces of Mars and Jupiter. He sent the pictures to Dr. V. M. Slipher at the Lowell Observatory, who was so impressed and offered him a job on his team. Within a year, Tombaugh discovered a ninth planet, Pluto. It was regarded as a planet for 76 years, but scientists decided in 2006 that Pluto didn’t meet all of the criteria for a true planet. It was then considered to be a dwarf planet. John Dobson is another influential amateur astronomer because he enabled so many others to take up astronomy as a hobby. In 1956, after constant attempts, he built a powerful telescope out of low-cost materials, such as paper tubes used in construction. With affordable tools like Dobson’s telescope, more amateurs today have the technology that is needed to make discoveries of their own. 40. How did Kathryn Gray discover the supernova? 41. Why did Clyde Tombaugh get a job at the Lowell Observatory? 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The four amateur astronomers were all interested in astronomy and did some research, so they finally made discoveries of their own. 43. Which of the amateur astronomers mentioned in the passage has impressed you most? Why? (about 40 words) 第二节 应用文写作（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学学生会“环保部”部长李华。你的英国好友Jim的学校正在征集主题为“Beat Plastic Pollution”的环境保护活动方案，他一时没有想法，写信请你给提供建议。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 简要介绍你的设计方案及理由； 2. 询问意见并表达祝愿。 注意：1．词数 100 左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年第一学期高二英语期中考试试卷 2025. 11. 6 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30 分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 At 22, Clara Parker, full of artistic dreams, entered the art college. But soon, facing financial hardship, Clara had to quit school to find a ___1___. But opportunities were rare. Just when she was almost hopeless, she heard a local mine was hiring. ___2___ the tough, male-dominated environment, she applied and got the job, becoming the youngest and only female in the team. Her colleagues, ___3___ of her ability, started to whisper that she should leave. But Clara was determined. She spent her breaks studying the machinery manuals, asking the more experienced miners for advice. Gradually, she became ___4___ for the job. Even in the midst of the exhausting mining work, Clara never let go of her ___5___ for art. During her short lunch breaks, she’d quickly draw the faces of her fellow miners, trying to ___6___ the tiredness and determination in their eyes. These sketches were an artistic outlet as well as a way for her to ___7___ with the people around her. On weekends, using the limited paints she could afford, she’d create more elaborate paintings of the mine’s inside. Each stroke (笔画) of the brush was a means by which she could ___8___ the experiences of the week and find meaning in the tough job. Clara’s art not only brought a touch of ___9___ to the otherwise depressing mining environments but also united the workers in a shared appreciation for her talent. Now, Clara is a symbol of strength. While dreaming of returning to art school, she finds her hidden capabilities and resilience, proving unexpected journeys can inspire _____10_____. 1. A. project B. task C. way D. job 2. A. In contrast to B. Thanks to C. In spite of D. Apart from 3. A. doubtful B. certain C. aware D. proud 4. A. known B. qualified C. responsible D. grateful 5. A. concern B. appreciation C. respect D. passion 6. A. catch B. distinguish C. remove D. measure 7 A. joke B. compete C. connect D. trade 8. A. process B. explain C. escape D. compare 9. A. freedom B. wisdom C. humour D. beauty 10. A. acceptance B. growth C. honesty D. innovation 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了克拉拉・帕克因经济困难辍学后在矿场工作，同时坚持艺术梦想，展现出能力与韧性的故事。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但很快，面对经济困难，克拉拉不得不辍学去找一份工作。A. project项目；B. task任务；C. way方式；D. job工作。根据上文 “facing financial hardship”可知，她辍学是为了找一份“工作”来解决经济问题。故选D项。 【2题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：尽管是在艰苦的、男性主导的环境中，她还是申请并得到了这份工作，成为了团队中最年轻的且唯一的女性。A. In contrast to与……形成对比；B. Thanks to多亏；C. In spite of尽管；D. Apart from除了。根据下文“the tough, male-dominated environment, she applied and got the job, becoming the youngest and only female in the team.”可知，尽管环境艰苦且由男性主导，她还是申请并得到了工作。故选C项。 【3题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的同事们对她的能力表示怀疑，开始私下说她应该离开。A. doubtful怀疑的；B. certain确定的；C. aware意识到的；D. proud骄傲的。根据下文“started to whisper that she should leave”可知，同事们对她的能力是“怀疑的”，所以才会说她应该离开。故选A项。 【4题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，她胜任了这份工作。A. known知名的；B. qualified能胜任的；C. responsible负责的；D. grateful感激的。根据上文“She spent her breaks studying the machinery manuals, asking the more experienced miners for advice.”可知，她花休息时间研究机械手册，向更有经验的矿工请教，由此可推断，此处指的是她渐渐地“能胜任”这份工作了。故选B项。 【5题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使在疲惫的采矿工作中，克拉拉也从未放弃她对艺术的热情。A. concern关心；B. appreciation欣赏；C. respect尊重；D. passion热情。根据下文“During her short lunch breaks, she’d quickly draw the faces of her fellow miners”可知，在短暂午休的时候她都会画旷工的脸，由此可推断，此处指的是她从未放弃对艺术的“热情”符合语境。故选D项。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在短暂的午休时间里，她会迅速画出矿工同伴们的脸，试图捕捉他们眼中的疲惫和决心。A. catch捕捉；B. distinguish区分；C. remove移除；D. measure测量。根据上文“During her short lunch breaks, she’d quickly draw the faces of her fellow miners”以及下文“the tiredness and determination in their eyes”可知，她画画是为了“捕捉”同伴们眼中的疲惫和决心。故选A项。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些素描是一种艺术的宣泄方式，也是她与周围人建立联系的一种方式。A. joke开玩笑；B. compete竞争；C. connect联系；D. trade交易。根据上文“During her short lunch breaks, she’d quickly draw the faces of her fellow miners”可知，在午休的时候她画同伴们的脸，结合下文“with the people around her”可知，这是她与周围人建立“联系”的一种方式。故选C项。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：画笔的每一笔都是她梳理一周经历的一种方式，并且能在这份艰苦的工作中找到意义。A. process处理，梳理；B. explain解释；C. escape逃跑；D. compare比较。根据上文的“Each stroke (笔画) of the brush was a means”以及下文的“the experiences of the week and find meaning in the tough job.”可知，通过画画找到这份艰苦工作的意义，由此可推测，此处指的是画画是她“梳理”一周经历的方式。故选A项。 【9题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：克拉拉的艺术不仅为原本压抑的采矿环境带来了一丝美感，也让工人们因对她才华的共同欣赏而团结在一起。A. freedom自由；B. wisdom智慧；C. humour幽默；D. beauty美丽，美感。根据常识和上文的“Clara’s art”以及下文的“to the otherwise depressing mining environments”可知，此处讲述的是她的艺术带来的意义，由此可知，此处表示她的艺术为压抑的环境带来了“美感”符合语境。故选D项。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然梦想着回到艺术学校，但她发现了自己隐藏的能力和韧性，证明了意想不到的旅程可以激发成长。A. acceptance接受；B. growth成长；C. honesty诚实；D. innovation创新。根据上文“Even in the midst of the exhausting mining work”可知，此处介绍的是她在采矿工作中的经历，结合“While dreaming of returning to art school, she finds her hidden capabilities and resilience”可知，她虽然在从事采矿工作，但是这段经历让她发现了自己隐藏的能力和韧性，由此可知，此处指的是这段经历激发了她的成长。故选B项。 第二节 语法填空（共 10 题；每小题 1. 5 分, 共 15 分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 By the time Sullivan completed her degree, she had been ready for her first teaching job. Her passion for education was ____11____ made her a natural fit for the profession. While she was organizing her lesson plans, she reflected on how much she ____12____(learn) during her studies. She knew teaching was not just about giving knowledge, but about inspiring others to learn. Each student was different with unique strengths and she aimed to discover their potential. She believed that ____13____ patience and creativity, teachers could give students the confidence to succeed in their studies. 【答案】11. what 12. had learnt##had learned 13. with 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了沙利文对于教学工作的热情和看法。 【11题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：她对教育的热情使她天生适合这个职业。此处引导表语从句，从句中“made”缺少主语，结合语境，此处表示“她对教育的热情是使她自然适合这个职业的东西”，所以用连接代词“what”引导表语从句并在从句中作主语。故填what。 【12题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：当她在组织课程计划时，她在思考她在学习中学到了多少。此处为谓语动词的填入，根据句意以及动词“reflected”可知，“学习”这个动作发生在“反思”之前，即“过去的过去”，所以要用过去完成时，其结构为“had+过去分词”，“learn”的过去分词是“learned/learnt”。故填had learnt/learned。 【13题详解】 考查介词。句意：她相信，只要有耐心和创造力，老师就能给学生信心，让他们在学业上取得成功。此处表示“有了耐心和创造力”，介词“with”表示“具有，带有”，符合语境。故填with。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Last summer, we visited a small town ____14____ history dates back over six hundred years to the Ming Dynasty. It retains well-preserved ancient lanes and traditional wooden houses. A key landmark here is an old library, ____15____ (found) in 1925 by a local scholar, which still keeps precious rare books, including some handwritten manuscripts. Every weekend, local students come to read and research here. They not only focus on their books but also help arrange the shelves by ____16____ (they). This town is truly a lovely place linking past and present. 【答案】14. whose 15. founded 16. themselves 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去年夏天参观的一个历史悠久的小镇及其特色。 【14题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：去年夏天，我们参观了一个小镇，它的历史可以追溯到600多年前的明朝。本空引导的定语从句，先行词为a small town，关系词代替先行词在从句中作定语，修饰history，用关系代词whose。故填whose。 【15题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这里的一个关键地标是一座古老的图书馆，由当地一位学者于1925年创建，至今仍保存着珍贵的稀有书籍，包括一些手稿。此处为非谓语动词，作后置定语，修饰名词an old library，found“建立”和an old library为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填founded。 【16题详解】 考查代词。句意：他们不仅专注于书本，还自己帮忙整理书架。by oneself“独自地，单独”，本空用they的反身代词themselves，作宾语。故填themselves。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Here are some ways to fight anger. Firstly, accept small misunderstandings that will frustrate you — realizing no one is perfect is a good start to avoiding ____17____ (get) angry. Secondly, stop trying to manage anger right away; a better way is to find the root cause of the moments ____18____ tensions rise and patience fades. Once you know why you're mad, deal with it directly. Also, the negative effects of uncontrolled anger are seen by most peopleBut the real harm behind these effects ____19____ (hide) in daily life. Lastly, don’t take the easy way. Reactions like throwing things or yelling are simple but bad. Learning to control them lets you become ____20____ (calm) and less violent. 【答案】17. getting 18. when 19. is hidden 20 calmer 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一些应对愤怒情绪的方法，包括接受小的误解以避免生气、探寻愤怒根源并直接处理、认识到失控愤怒在日常生活中的潜在危害以及避免简单粗暴的发泄方式，学会控制情绪。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，接受那些会让你沮丧的小误解——意识到人无完人是避免生气的良好开端。avoid doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”，所以此处应用get的动名词形式getting。故填getting。 【18题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：其次，不要试图立刻控制愤怒；更好的方法是找出那些紧张情绪上升、耐心消退时刻的根本原因。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为the moments，在从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。故填when。 【19题详解】 考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：但这些影响背后真正的危害隐藏在日常生活中。句子主语the real harm与hide（隐藏）之间是被动关系，且此处描述的是一般事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are +过去分词”，主语harm是不可数名词，所以用is hidden。故填is hidden。 【20题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：学会控制它们能让你变得更冷静、少些暴力。根据后文的less violent可知，此处也应用比较级形式，与less violent并列，calm的比较级为calmer。故填calmer。 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38 分） 第一节（共 14 题；每小题 2 分, 共 28 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A To request Smile Cards, please fill out the form below. A volunteer will mail you an order of ten cards within two weeks. Smile Cards are offered to anyone who requests them on a pay-it-forward basis. That means there is no charge for a set of cards. Someone before you has paid for your cards, and you are invited to keep the chain going and pay-forward whatever you wish for the next person! For special events or circumstances, you can also place a large quantity of request. Note: When using a Smile Card, remember not to just hand it out by itself. The idea is to do something kind for someone and then leave the Smile Card behind, so that they know someone reached out to them, and that they are invited to pay-forward the kindness and keep the ripples going! PLACE SMILE CARD ORDER NOW ABOUT US KindSpring is a place to practice small acts of "kindness. For over a decade the KindSpring user community has focused on inner transformation, while collectively changing the world with generosity, gratitude, and trust. The site is 100% volunteer-run and totally non-commercial. It is a shared labor of love. 21. When can you use a smile card? A. Your friend's birthday is approaching. B Your classmate has won the first prize. C. You've ordered lunch for a poor friend. D. You find your classmate in low spirits. 22. To order smile cards, you have to____________. A. pay for them in advance B. place a big quantity of request C. mail some necessary information D. tell what favor you will do for others 23. The purpose of using smile cards is to encourage people to________________. A. spread kindness B. become volunteers C. advertise for K indSpring D. pay others' kindness back 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一张名为笑脸卡的卡片，并讲述了如何申请笑脸卡、笑脸卡使用的注意事项和背后的负责团队。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“When using a Smile Card, remember not to just hand it out by itself. The idea is to do something kind for someone and then leave the Smile Card behind(当你使用微笑卡片时，请记住不要单独分发。这个想法是为别人做些好事，然后把微笑卡留下。)”可知，当做了一件善意的事情之后，可以留下一张微笑卡片。C项“You’ve ordered lunch for a poor friend.”（你给一个穷朋友点了午餐。）是做了一件善意的事情，所以可以使用微笑卡片。故选C。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格部分下的小字“Please tell us what inspired you to order Smile Cards, and give us an example of a kind act you’d like to do using them(请告诉我们是什么激发了你订购微笑卡片，并给我们一个你想用它们做的善良行为的例子。)”可知，在申请这张卡片时需要填写一些信息让负责团队对申请者申请卡片的意图和申请者意向为人们做哪些事情有所了解，所以，要订购微笑卡片，你必须告诉别人你会为别人做什么。故选D。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“so that they know someone reached out to them, and that they are invited to pay-forward the kindness and keep the ripples going!(这样他们就会知道有人向他们伸出了援助之手，他们也会被邀请将这种善意传递下去，让涟漪继续传播下去)”可知，给予卡片者在给卡片前会为被给予者做一件小事，以此传递这张卡片让善意被传递下去。故选A。 B A few days ago, my husband, Russ, and I lost our house of 28 years to a California wild fire. On that night, we had to leave our house and sleep in the back seat of our Ford. The next morning, we had to drive three and a half hours to find a hotel that had an available room. Only later, in the local newspaper, did we see photographs of the destruction. Our house had been consumed by the fire along with most of our neighborhood. How are we going to rebuild after this? I thought, rounding a corner in the sidewalk on my walk back to the hotel. Is it even possible? I noticed something up ahead—a pair of nickels, shining like precious jewels. They were just nickels, but they somehow felt special. I bent down and picked them up. If these were lucky coins, I could use all the luck I could get. A few days later, I made a trip to the store to buy essentials. The enormous task of replacing everything we’d lost put a heavy weight on me. I was about to leave when I felt the urge to stop and turn my head to the right. I could hardly believe it—there on nickela shelf, was a nickel! Okay, maybe this is more than luck, I thought and put the nickel in my pocket. I told myself that I had found the nickels just by chance. Then I found one next to my plate at a restaurant—on Thanksgiving, no less, when I was missing our house more than ever. It seemed that a nickel appeared whenever my spirits plummeted. Whenever I reached my breaking point, I’d find another nickel. In the grass at the park, or near the tire of my car in a parking lot. Once, my change for a quick lunch was given entirely in nickels. “I’m sorry,” the cashier said. “It’s all we have.” It’s all I needed! One day, I was sitting at the desk when my phone rang. It was a real-estate agent I’d been working with. “I have a new listing,” she said. “When can we see it?” A few hours later, Russ and I were following the agent down the driveway toward the house. I didn’t think long. Because there, in the driveway, … 24. After the wild fire, the couple ________. A. lived in their car for one night B. took some photos of the destruction C. could hardly afford their Thanksgiving dinner D saved precious items from the burned down house 25. What does the underlined word “plummeted” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A. Remained. B. Changed. C. Strengthened. D. Sank. 26. What did the found nickels mean to the author? A. Luck for the foreseeable future. B. Hope during challenging times. C. Signs of a huge fortune to come. D. Reminders of what had happened. 27. Which would be the best ending for the passage? A. I spotted a flash of silver in the sun, two nickels, both heads up. B. I found an old nickel, which seemed to tell a story from the past. C. I saw a mysterious locked box, and thought perhaps it was full of nickels. D. I looked up and imagined something on a cloud, a giant nickel, just for me. 【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者住了28年的房子被大火摧毁，住在外面的酒店。偶然捡到2枚镍币，后来作者发现每当她精神一落千丈时就会出现镍币的故事。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“On that night, we had to leave our house and sleep in the back seat of our Ford.(那天晚上，我们不得不离开家，睡在福特的后座上。)”可知，野火过后，他们是在车上过了一夜。故选A。 【25题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章第七段中“Whenever I reached my breaking point, I’d find another nickel.(每当我达到临界点时，我就会发现另一个镍。)和“Then I found one next to my plate at a restaurant—on Thanksgiving, no less, when I was missing our house more than ever”（感恩节那天，我在一家餐馆的盘子旁边发现了一个，我比以往任何时候都更想念我们的房子。）”推断可知，每次有低落情绪（通过想家情节推出）时，就会出现镍币。划线单词plummeted大意为心情低落，心凉。故选D。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“If these were lucky coins, I could use all the luck I could get.(如果这些是幸运币，我可以用我能得到的所有运气。)”以及下文作者收到房产中介电话要带她去看房子，可以看出作者捡到硬币对作者来说是困难时期的希望。故选B。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章中作者总是在她心情低落时捡到镍币可以推测，接下来作者可能在车道上，户外阳光下看到了2枚镍币，这和第四段“I noticed something up ahead—a pair of nickels, shining like precious jewels.(我注意到前方有东西——一对镍币，像珍贵的珠宝一样闪闪发光。)”第一次发现镍币的情节前后呼应。故选A。 C As people worldwide adopt more electronics into their lives, there’s an ever-growing pile of discarded devices. According to a UN estimate, less than a quarter of the millions of pounds of electronics thrown away each year are recycled. And the problem is only going to get worse as the world upgrades to 5G devices and the Internet of Things continues to expand. Part of the problem is that electronic devices are difficult to recycle. In the new study, Franklin and his laboratory demonstrate a completely recyclable, fully functional transistor (晶体管) made out of three carbon-based inks that can be easily printed onto paper or other flexible, environmentally friendly surfaces. Carbon nanotubes and graphene (石墨烯) inks are used for the semiconductors and conductors, respectively. While these materials are not new to printed electronics, Franklin says, the path to recyclability was opened with the development of a wood-derived insulating ink called nanocellulose (纳米纤维素). “Nanocellulose is biodegradable and has been used in applications like packaging for years,” said Franklin. “And while people have long known about its potential applications as an insulator (绝缘体) in electronics, nobody has figured out how to use it in a printable ink before. That's one of the keys to making these fully recyclable devices functional.” The researchers developed a method to get nanocellulose, which performs admirably as an insulator in their printed transistors. The team then demonstrates just how recyclable their design is. By putting their devices in a series of baths, the carbon nanotubes and graphene are recovered with an average yield of nearly 100%. Both materials can then be reused in the same printing process while losing very little of their performance viability. And because the nanocellulose is made from wood, it can simply be recycled along with the paper it was printed on. Franklin hopes to make a first step toward the technology being commercially pursued for simple devices. For example, he could imagine the technology being used in a large building, needing thousands of simple environmental sensors to monitor its energy use or customized biosensing patches for tracking medical conditions. “Recyclable electronics like this aren’t going to replace an entire half-trillion-dollar industry by any means, and we're certainly not near printing recyclable computer processors,” said Franklin. “But demonstrating these types of new materials and their functionality is hopefully a stepping stone in the right direction to a new type of electronics lifecycle. ” 28. Paragraph 1 mainly intends to ________. A. inform us of the Internet B. explain the popularity of electronics C. reveal the problem of electronic waste D. call attention to environmental protection 29. What can be inferred about nanocellulose in the passage? A. It is recycled as wood. B. It makes the printed transistor recyclable. C. Without it, there wouldn’t be insulators. D. It is newly found to be environmentally friendly. 30. According to Franklin, his research will________. A. revolutionize the computer industry B. solve the mystery of printed electronics C. improve the efficiency of electronics design D. have a market for the design of certain electronics 31. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. Electronic Waste Problem Hardly Solved. B. New Potential of Wood Fibers Discovered. C. Electronics Life Cycle Fundamentally Changed. D. Fully Recyclable Printed Electronics Developed. 【答案】28. C 29. B 30. D 31. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家研发出一种完全可回收的印刷电子产品。 【28题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“As people worldwide adopt more electronics into their lives, there’s an ever-growing pile of discarded devices. According to a UN estimate, less than a quarter of the millions of pounds of electronics thrown away each year are recycled. And the problem is only going to get worse as the world upgrades to 5G devices and the Internet of Things continues to expand.( 随着全球各地的人们在生活中使用越来越多的电子产品，被丢弃的设备也越积越多。根据联合国的估计，每年数百万磅被丢弃的电子产品中，仅有不到四分之一得到回收利用。而且，随着全球向5G设备升级，物联网持续扩张，这个问题只会愈发严重。)”可知，第一段主要揭示了电子垃圾的问题。故选C。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“the path to recyclability was opened with the development of a wood-derived insulating ink called nanocellulose.(随着一种名为纳米纤维素的木质绝缘墨水的开发，可回收的道路被打开了。)”和第三段“And while people have long known about its potential applications as an insulator (绝缘体) in electronics, nobody has figured out how to use it in a printable ink before. That’s one of the keys to making these fully recyclable devices functional.(虽然人们早就知道它在电子设备中作为绝缘体的潜在应用，但之前没有人想出如何将其用于可打印墨水。这是使这些完全可回收设备发挥作用的关键之一。)”可知，纳米纤维素使印刷晶体管可回收。故选B。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Franklin hopes to make a first step toward the technology being commercially pursued for simple devices. For example, he could imagine the technology being used in a large building, needing thousands of simple environmental sensors to monitor its energy use or customized biosensing patches for tracking medical conditions.(富兰克林希望朝着这项技术被商业应用于简单设备迈出第一步。例如，他可以想象这项技术被用于大型建筑，需要数千个简单的环境传感器来监测其能源使用情况，或者定制生物传感贴片来跟踪医疗状况。)”可知，富兰克林认为他的研究在某些电子产品的设计上有市场。故选D。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第二段中“ In the new study, Franklin and his laboratory demonstrate a completely recyclable, fully functional transistor (晶体管) made out of three carbon-based inks that can be easily printed onto paper or other flexible, environmentally friendly surfaces.(在这项新研究中，富兰克林和他的实验室展示了一种完全可回收的、功能齐全的晶体管，这种晶体管由三种碳基油墨制成，可以很容易地打印在纸上或其他柔性的、环保的表面上)”可知，文章主要介绍了科学家研发出一种完全可回收的印刷电子产品，这种电子产品使用三种碳基墨水制成，可以轻松地打印在纸张或其他环保的柔性表面上，并且可以完全回收利用。因此，选项D“开发出完全可回收的印刷电子产品”最能概括文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D。 D I was introduced to the concept of literacy animator (扫盲志士) in Oladumi Arigbede's article on high illiteracy rates among women and school dropout rates among girls. According to Arigbede, literacy animators view their role as assisting in the self-liberating development of people in the world who are struggling for a more meaningful life. Animators are a family of deeply concerned and committed people whose rejection of mass human pauperization (贫穷化) forces them to intervene (干预) on the side of the marginalized. Their motivation is not derived from a love of literacy as merely another technical life skill, and they accept that literacy is never culturally or ideologically (意识形态地) neutral. Arigbede writes from her experiences as an animator working with women and men in Nigeria. She believes that literacy animators have to make a clear choice about whose culture and whose ideology will be fostered among those with whom they work. Do literacy educators in the United States consider whether the instruction they pursue conflicts with their students’ traditional cultures or community, or fosters illiteracies in learners' first or home languages or dialects (方言) and in their orality? Some approaches to literacy instruction represent an ideology of individualism, control, and competition. Consider, for example, the difference in values conveyed and represented when students engage in choral reading versus the practice of having one student read out loud to the group. To identify as a literacy animator is to choose the ideology of “sharing, unity, love, equity, co-operation with and respect of both nature and other human beings.” Literacy pedagogy (教学法) that matches the animator ideology works on maintaining the languages and cultures of millions of minority children who at present are being forced to accept the language and culture of the dominant group. Animator ideology might lead to assessment that examines the performance outcomes of a community of literacy learners and the social significance of their uses of literacy, as opposed to measuring what an individual can do as a reader and writer on a standardized test. Shor, another researcher describes literacy animators as problem-posing, community-based, dialogic educators. Do our teacher-education textbooks on reading and language arts promote the idea that teachers should explore problems from a community-based dialogic perspective? 32. A literacy animator is one who ________. A. struggles for a more meaningful life B. is committed to isolating the illiterate C. frees people from poverty and illiteracy D. is concerned with what is behind illiteracy 33. Arigbede worked with Nigerians probably to ________. A. reject the values of the ruling class B. teach American customs and ideology C. make a choice of culture to be fostered D. help maintain Nigerian language and culture 34. Animator ideology emphasizes more on________. A. students’ performance in tests B. the social function of literacy C. the ruling group’s language D. the attainment of life skills 【答案】32. D 33. D 34. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“扫盲志士”这一概念，包括其定义、动机、工作方式以及与其他识字教育方法的对比。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“According to Arigbede, literacy animators view their role as assisting in the self-liberating development of people in the world who are struggling for a more meaningful life. Animators are a family of deeply concerned and committed people whose rejection of mass human pauperization (贫穷化) forces them to intervene (干预) on the side of the marginalized. Their motivation is not derived from a love of literacy as merely another technical life skill, and they accept that literacy is never culturally or ideologically (意识形态地) neutral.(根据阿里格贝德的观点，扫盲志士将自身使命定位为助力全球那些为更有意义的生活而奋斗的人们实现自我解放式发展。扫盲志士群体满怀深切关怀与坚定信念，他们反对大规模的人类贫穷化，这促使他们主动站在边缘化群体一边进行干预。他们的动机并非源于对扫盲技能本身的单纯热爱（不将其视为又一项普通的生活技能），同时他们也承认，扫盲事业从来都不具备文化或意识形态上的中立性。)”可知，扫盲志士关注的是文盲背后的原因。故选D。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Arigbede writes from her experiences as an animator working with women and men in Nigeria. She believes that literacy animators have to make a clear choice about whose culture and whose ideology will be fostered among those with whom they work.(阿里格贝德根据她作为扫盲志士与尼日利亚男女合作的经验撰写了这篇文章。她认为，扫盲志士必须明确选择在与他们合作的人中培养谁的文化和意识形态。)”和第四段“Literacy pedagogy that matches the animator ideology works on maintaining the languages and cultures of millions of minority children who at present are being forced to accept the language and culture of the dominant group.(与扫盲志士意识形态相匹配的识字教学法致力于维护数百万少数族裔儿童的语言和文化，这些儿童目前正被迫接受主流群体的语言和文化。)”可知，阿里格贝德与尼日利亚人合作可能是为了帮助维护尼日利亚的语言和文化。故选D。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Animator ideology might lead to assessment that examines the performance outcomes of a community of literacy learners and the social significance of their uses of literacy, as opposed to measuring what an individual can do as a reader and writer on a standardized test.(扫盲志士的意识形态可能会导致一种评估，这种评估考察的是识字学习者群体的表现成果以及他们使用识字的社会意义，而不是衡量一个人在标准化测试中作为读者和作者的能力。)”可知，扫盲志士的意识形态更强调识字的社会功能。故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Some people prefer to have a bite to eat before hitting the gym, known as a fed workout. Others would like to wait until after exercising to refuel their bodies, called a fasted workout. To eat or not to eat, that is the question on many fitness enthusiasts' minds. ____35____ If you want energy and strength for an ideal workout, you need fuel. A fed workout will provide your body with power. ____36____ These benefits can result in burning more fat and shaping a slimmer body. Muscle preservation is also an essential component of strengthening your body. Nitrogen (氮) is critical for processing protein that builds healthy muscles. People tend to lose less nitrogen during a fed workout than a fasted one. Many fitness enthusiasts are not on board with this idea. They report feeling sick and inactive while trying to exercise after eating. With a fasted workout, you may not get the usual indigestion. Experts for fasted workouts further claim that eating afterwards makes your body use its fat reserves for energy, meaning you will burn more fat. ____37____ It can cause a sudden drop in your blood glucose levels, and you may feel dizzy. You may even be more likely to overeat. Knowing what to eat for an ideal workout is just as important as knowing when to eat. ____38____ For example, if you choose a fed workout, you'll probably lose a lot of water during an intense training, so you should consider drinking some beforehand. With a fasted workout, it would help if you had some nutrition right after your session is complete. Drink some water. Then, have a light meal or nutritional snack. ____39____ Both fasted workouts and fed activities have their benefits and shortcomings. Think thoroughly and discuss with your fitness instructor before taking a choice. A. Not all foods are created equal. B. However, a fasted workout might not work for you. C. Deciding when to eat for an ideal workout is a personal choice. D. How your body will respond is based on your workout intensity. E. Many experts say there's no easy answer because it depends on the person. F. A person doing a 30-minute session a day may have a problem with fasted workouts. G. Eating before exercise may help you sustain longer sessions and lift heavier weights. 【答案】35. E 36. G 37. B 38. A 39. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕健身前是否进食这一健身爱好者关心的问题，分别介绍了“进食后健身”和“空腹健身”的优缺点，同时给出了相关饮食建议，强调选择哪种方式需因人而异。 【35题详解】 根据上文“To eat or not to eat, that is the question on many fitness enthusiasts' minds.(吃还是不吃，这是许多健身爱好者心中的疑问。)”可知，此处需回应这一疑问，说明没有简单答案的原因。E选项“Many experts say there's no easy answer because it depends on the person.(许多专家表示，这个问题没有简单的答案，因为它因人而异。)”直接回应了上文的疑问，点明“因人而异”的核心，为下文分别介绍两种健身方式做铺垫，符合语境。故选E项。 【36题详解】 根据上文“A fed workout will provide your body with power.(进食后健身会为你的身体提供能量。)”以及下文“These benefits can result in burning more fat and shaping a slimmer body.(这些好处可以帮助燃烧更多脂肪，塑造更苗条的身材。)”可知，此处需具体说明进食后健身的好处。G选项“Eating before exercise may help you sustain longer sessions and lift heavier weights.(运动前进食可以帮助你坚持更长时间的训练，举起更重的重量。)”具体阐述了进食后健身的两大优势，“These benefits”即指代该选项中的内容，衔接自然，符合语境。故选G项。 【37题详解】 根据上文“Experts for fasted workouts further claim that eating afterwards makes your body use its fat reserves for energy, meaning you will burn more fat.(支持空腹健身的专家进一步声称，运动后进食会让身体利用脂肪储备供能，这意味着你会燃烧更多脂肪。)”以及下文“It can cause a sudden drop in your blood glucose levels, and you may feel dizzy.(它会导致血糖水平突然下降，你可能会感到头晕。)”可知，此处需转折说明空腹健身的弊端。B选项“However, a fasted workout might not work for you.(然而，空腹健身可能并不适合你。)”以“However”形成转折，引出下文空腹健身的负面影响，符合语境。故选B项。 【38题详解】 根据上文“Knowing what to eat for an ideal workout is just as important as knowing when to eat.(知道健身时该吃什么，和知道什么时候吃一样重要。)”以及下文列举的运动前补水、运动后补充营养等具体例子可知，此处需强调饮食选择的重要性。A选项“Not all foods are created equal.(并非所有食物都是一样的。)”承接上文“该吃什么”的话题，暗示需要合理选择饮食，引出下文的具体饮食建议，符合语境。故选A项。 【39题详解】 根据下文“Both fasted workouts and fed activities have their benefits and shortcomings. Think thoroughly and discuss with your fitness instructor before taking a choice.(空腹健身和进食后健身都有各自的优缺点。在做出选择之前，要仔细考虑并与健身教练沟通。)”可知，此处需总结两种健身方式的选择原则。C选项“Deciding when to eat for an ideal workout is a personal choice.(为理想的健身决定何时进食是一个个人选择。)”呼应下文的“做出选择”，点明选择的主观性，符合语境。故选C项。 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题纸指定区域作答。 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。 Discovered by Amateurs Some astronomers spend their entire careers looking for new discoveries in space, but a 10-year-old Canadian girl found one on her first try. In January, 2011, Kathryn Gray, who often studied stars, was looking at recent pictures of outer space and comparing them to pictures taken years earlier. The pictures were just thousands of tiny spots of light, but Gray spotted a star that looked different in the recent pictures. Could it possibly be a supernova (超新星)? Usually a supernova is brighter, and it becomes visible through a telescope due to the brightness. Later Gray’s discovery was confirmed, and she became the youngest person to discover a supernova. Throughout history, important discoveries in astronomy have been made by amateurs. An early example is William Herschel, who discovered Uranus in 1781. Uranus had been observed before, but expert astronomers thought it didn’t belong to our solar system. When Herschel saw it with a telescope he had designed and built himself, he realized that it was orbiting the sun. This meant that Uranus was a planet. And so, the map of our night sky was changed forever. Then in 1930, a major discovery was made by a 24-year-old man, a farmer’s son, with no college education or formal training in astronomy. Clyde Tombaugh had built a homemade telescope using instructions from an article in a boy’s magazine. He used to draw detailed pictures of the surfaces of Mars and Jupiter. He sent the pictures to Dr. V. M. Slipher at the Lowell Observatory, who was so impressed and offered him a job on his team. Within a year, Tombaugh discovered a ninth planet, Pluto. It was regarded as a planet for 76 years, but scientists decided in 2006 that Pluto didn’t meet all of the criteria for a true planet. It was then considered to be a dwarf planet. John Dobson is another influential amateur astronomer because he enabled so many others to take up astronomy as a hobby. In 1956, after constant attempts, he built a powerful telescope out of low-cost materials, such as paper tubes used in construction. With affordable tools like Dobson’s telescope, more amateurs today have the technology that is needed to make discoveries of their own. 40. How did Kathryn Gray discover the supernova? 41. Why did Clyde Tombaugh get a job at the Lowell Observatory? 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The four amateur astronomers were all interested in astronomy and did some research, so they finally made discoveries of their own. 43. Which of the amateur astronomers mentioned in the passage has impressed you most? Why? (about 40 words) 【答案】40. Kathryn Gray discovered the supernova when she was comparing recent pictures of outer space to those taken years earlier. 41. Clyde Tombaugh impressed Dr. V. M. Slipher with his pictures of the surfaces of Mars and Jupiter, so he was offered a job at the Lowell Observatory. 42. The four amateur astronomers were all interested in astronomy and did some research, so they finally made discoveries of their own. According to the passage, not every amateur astronomer made a discovery although they were all astronomy hobbyists. 43. (1) Kathryn Gray, the youngest person to discover a supernova, has impressed me most. Although she was young, she had her own hobby and devoted her time to it. It’s the key to her success. That’s why she has impressed me most. (2) John Dobson has impressed me most. He didn’t make a discovery, but he provided the technology of making affordable tools, enabling more people to take up astronomy as a hobby. He is more influential in a sense. So he has impressed me most. 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个业余天文爱好者的发现或发明。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句“In January, 2011, Kathryn Gray, who often studied stars, was looking at recent pictures of outer space and comparing them to pictures taken years earlier. ”（2011年1月，经常研究恒星凯瑟琳·格雷正在观察外太空最近的照片，并将它们与多年前拍摄的照片进行比较。）凯瑟琳·格雷是在比较外太空最近的照片和多年前拍摄的照片时发现的超新星。故答案为“Kathryn Gray discovered the supernova when she was comparing recent pictures of outer space to those taken years earlier.”。 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段第三句和第四句“He used to draw detailed pictures of the surfaces of Mars and Jupiter. He sent the pictures to Dr. V. M. Slipher at the Lowell Observatory, who was so impressed and offered him a job on his team. ”（他曾经画过火星和木星表面的细节图。他把照片发给了洛厄尔天文台的V.M.斯莱弗博士，后者对他印象深刻，并邀请他在自己的团队中工作。）可知，克莱德·汤博画的火星和木星表面的图片给V. M.斯莱弗博士留下了深刻的印象，因此他得到了洛厄尔天文台的一份工作。故答案为“Clyde Tombaugh impressed Dr. V. M. Slipher with his pictures of the surfaces of Mars and Jupiter, so he was offered a job at the Lowell Observatory.”。 【42题详解】 考查推理判断。根据最后一段前两句“John Dobson is another influential amateur astronomer because he enabled so many others to take up astronomy as a hobby. In 1956, after constant attempts, he built a powerful telescope out of low-cost materials, such as paper tubes used in construction.”（约翰·多布森是另一位有影响力的业余天文学家，因为他使许多人能够把天文学作为一种爱好。1956年，在不断的尝试之后，他用低成本的材料，比如建筑用的纸管，建造了一个功能强大的望远镜。）可知，约翰·多布森并没有自己的发现，所以“so they finally made discoveries of their own”是错的，原因是根据文章，并不是每个业余天文学家都有发现，尽管他们都是天文学爱好者。故答案为在“so they finally made discoveries of their own”处画下划线，原因是“According to the passage, not every amateur astronomer made a discovery although they were all astronomy hobbyists.”。 【43题详解】 考查细节理解。如果认为Kathryn Gray最令你印象深刻，则理由在第一段。如果认为John Dobson最令你印象深刻，则理由在最后一段。其他人也是一样的答题方式。所以参考答案为“(1) Kathryn Gray, the youngest person to discover a supernova, has impressed me most. Although she was young, she had her own hobby and devoted her time to it. It’s the key to her success. That’s why she has impressed me most.”或“(2) John Dobson has impressed me most. He didn’t make a discovery, but he provided the technology of making affordable tools, enabling more people to take up astronomy as a hobby. He is more influential in a sense. So he has impressed me most.”。 第二节 应用文写作（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学学生会“环保部”部长李华。你的英国好友Jim的学校正在征集主题为“Beat Plastic Pollution”的环境保护活动方案，他一时没有想法，写信请你给提供建议。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 简要介绍你的设计方案及理由； 2. 询问意见并表达祝愿。 注意：1．词数 100 左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, Extremely thrilled to know that you are calling for activity plans themed “Beat Plastic Pollution”, I feel it my privilege to offer mine, hoping to give you a hand. First, it is a wise choice to propagandize the using of cloth bags instead of plastic bags in school and call for students to spread the behavior to the people around them. Second, make a rule that students should be prevented from using plastic bags, encouraging the use of degradable plastic bags. Finally, collecting and recycling plastic bags are easy to be conducted in school. I sincerely hope my plan is of benefit to you. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文。假设你是红星中学学生会“环保部”部长李华。你的英国好友Jim的学校正在征集主题为“Beat Plastic Pollution”的环境保护活动方案，他一时没有想法，写信请你给提供建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 激动的：thrilled→excited/full of excitement 提供：offer→provide/supply 规章制度：rule→regulation 有益的：be of benefit→be beneficial 2.句式拓展： 原句：I sincerely hope my plan is of benefit to you 拓展句：I sincerely hope my plan that I mentioned above is of benefit to you 【点睛】【高分句型1】 Second, make a rule that students should be prevented from using plastic bags, encouraging the use of degradable plastic bags.(运用了that引导同位语从句，现在分词作状语。) 【高分句型2】 Extremely thrilled to know that you are calling for activity plans themed “Beat Plastic Pollution”, I feel it my privilege to offer mine, hoping to give you a hand.(运用了形容词作状语，that引导宾语从句，过去分词作后置定语以及现在分词作状语。) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $