内容正文:
ENGLISH-初一系列资料(冀教版)
Chapter1人称代词主宾格
考频分析
人称代词主宾格是中考英语词法的基础模块,考频占词法总量的5%左右,主要分布在单项选择(1-2题)、
完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)。在语境理解类题目中,人称代词主宾格的正确使用及与介词、动
词的搭配往往是解题关键。
考查内容
中考对人称代词主宾格的考察聚焦三大维度,覆盖基础用法与语境应用:
·基本形式辨析:人称代词主格(l,you,he,she,it,we,you,they)与宾格(me,you,him,her,it,us,you,
them)的对应关系及书写规则;
·句法功能应用:主格在句中作主语、表语的用法,宾格在句中作宾语(动词宾语、介词宾语)的用法;
·语境灵活运用:在具体语境中根据句子成分准确选择主格或宾格,如人称代词与be动词搭配、在动词
和介词后使用宾格等场景。
精讲精练
知识点一:人称代词主宾格的用法及辨析
·主格代词(作主语,位于动词前)
-常见主格代词:I(我)、you(你/你们)、he(他)、she(她)、it(它)、we(我们)、hey(他们/她
们它们)
-例句:☐She is a student..(she作主语,后接系动词is)They play basketball every weekend.(they
作主语,后接实义动词play)
·宾格代词(作宾语,位于动词或介词后)
-常见宾格代词:me(我)、you(你/你们)、him(他)、her(她)、it(它)、us(我们)、hem(他们她
们它们)
-例句:口ly mother loves me.(me作动词loves的宾语)口Listen to her carefully.(her作介词to的
宾语)
·主宾格代词的转换规则
一当人称代词在句中由主语变为宾语时,需使用对应的宾格形式。
-例句对比:口He helps us.(he为主格作主语,us为宾格作宾语)口Ne give her a gift.(we为主格
作主语,her为宾格作宾语)
【即学即练】
1.【主格用法】下列选项中,可作句子主语的是?
A.me
B.him
C.she
D.her
2.【宾格用法】介词to后应使用的人称代词形式是?
A.I
B.we
C.they
D.her
3.【主宾格转换】将句子"He helps her..”中主语和宾语位置互换并调整代词形式:
4.【句法功能】在"My father loves一.”中,空白处应填〡还是me?请说明原因:
5.【形式辨析】写出she对应的宾格形式:
初一|英语|冀教版
ENGLISH-初一系列资料(冀教版)
知识点二:人称代词主宾格用法
·人称代词主格(作主语,位于动词前)
1.第-人称:1(我)、we(我们)
一例句:
-口I am a student..(I作主语,后接be动词am)
-口Ve play football after school..(we作主语,后接动词原形play)
2.第二人称:you(你/你们)
一例句:
-口You are my good friend.(you作主语,后接be动词are)
-口You like reading books.(you作主语,后接动词原形like)
3.第三人称:he(他)、she(她)、it(它)、they(他们/她们/它们)
一例句:
-口He is a doctor..(he作主语,后接be动词is)
-She sings well..(she作主语,后接动词第三人称单数sings)
-口It is a cat.(it作主语,后接be动词is)
-口They go to school by bus.(they作主语,后接动词原形go)
·人称代词宾格(作宾语,位于动词或介词后)
1.第一人称:me(我)、us(我们)
一例句:
-口My mother loves me.(me作动词loves的宾语)
-口The teacher often helps us.(us作动词helps的宾语)
2.第二人称:you(你/你们)
一例句
-口He teaches you English.(you作动词teaches的宾语)
-口This gift is for you.(you作介词for的宾语)
3.第三人称:him(他)、her(她)、it(它)、them(他们/她们/它们)
一例句:
-口I know him very well.(him作动词know的宾语)
-口She gives her a book.(her作动词gives的宾语)
-口The dog looks at it.(it作介词at的宾语)
-口Ve often play with them.(them作介词with的宾语)
·主宾格转换技巧
1.主语位置用主格,宾语位置用宾格
一例句转换:
-口主格:She likes apples.→宾格:Apples are liked by her..(原句主语she转换为by后的宾格
her)
-口主格:They help me.→宾格:I am helped by them.(原句宾语me转换为主语l,原句主语
they转换为by后的宾格them)
2.常见易混点:be动词后用主格(表语),动词介词后用宾格
一例句对比:
-0正确:tisl.(I作表语,用主格)/口语中常用tsme.(非正式用法)
-口正确:He looks like her.(her作介词like的宾语,用宾格)
-·错误:He looks like she.(she为主格,不能作宾语)
知识点三:人称代词主宾格特殊用法及易错点辨析
·并列人称代词的顺序(中考高频)
1.单数人称:第二人称→第三人称→第一人称(you-he/she/itl)
-例句:You,he and I are good friends.(你、他和我是好朋友)
2.复数人称:第一人称→第二人称→第三人称(we-you-→they)
-例句:We,you and they will go to the party together..(我们、你们和他们将一起去派对)
3.承认错误或承担责任时:第一人称在前
-例句:I and Tom made a mistake.(我和汤姆犯了错误)
·主格代词作表语的用法(中考易错)
1.正式文体中,be动词后用主格(表语)
-例句:It was she who helped me.(是她帮助了我)
2.口语中常用宾格(非正式用法)
-例句:-ho is it?一t'sme.(一是谁?一是我)
3.比较结构中,than/as后用主格(后接动词时)
-例句:She is taller than I(am).(她比我高)
-☐语简化:She is taller than me.(非正式用法)
·宾格代词的特殊位置(中考拓展)
1.独立主格结构中作逻辑主语
-例句:Her being late made the teacher angry.(她迟到使老师生气)
2.用于“动词+副词”短语中,代词放中间
-例句:Please pick it up.(请把它捡起来)
-错误:Please pick up it.
3.与反身代词的辨析
-例句:He hurt himself..(他伤到了自己)→反身代词强调动作作用于自身
-He hurt him.(他伤到了他)→宾格代词指另一个人
·中考真题改编练习(单选)
1.My mother often tells my sister and_stories.
A.I
B.me
C.my
D.mine
2.答案:B(tell后接宾格,my sister and me为并列宾语)
3.-Who taughtEnglish last year?-Mr.Smith did.
A.you
B.your
C.yours
D.yourself
4.答案:A(teach后接宾格作宾语)
5.The teacher asked Tom and_to help with the work.
A.I
B.my
C.me
D.mine
6.答案:C(asked后接宾格,Tom and me为并列宾语)
7.It's polite to wait for turn.
A.other
B.another
C.others
D.one's
8.答案:B(another后接名词,other后接复数名词)
9.She is as tall as_,but she's thinner than-
A.I;me
B.me;I
C.I;I
D.me;me
10.答案:C(as/than后接主格,完整句为as tall as I am,thinner than I am)
初一|英语|冀教版
ENGLISH-初一系列资料(冀教版)
老法一:人称代词主宾格基本用法辨析
·核心:根据代词在句中作主语(动词前)或宾语(动词介词后)的语法位置,选择正确的主格或宾格形
式
·真题1(单项选择):
-My mother often tells my sister and__stories before bedtime
A.I
B.me
C.my
D.mine
-答案:B解析:动词"tells'”后接宾语,需用宾格形式;”my sister and me”为并列宾语,I的宾格是me。
·真题2(语法填空):
-Listen to_(she)carefully!She is explaining the math problem.
-答案:her解析:介词"to”后接宾语,she的宾格形式是her,构成""listen to her'”结构。
·真题3(单项选择):
-is a good student.All the teachers like_.
A.She;her
B.Her;she
C.She;she
D.Her;her
-答案:A解析:第一空作主语,用主格She;第二空作动词"Iike”的宾语,用宾格her。
考法二:主宾格代词在并列结构中的应用
·核心:识别并列结构中人称代词的语法功能(主语宾语),按“主语用主格、宾语用宾格”规侧选择正
确形式
·真题1(单项选择):
-My brother and_often play basketball after school.
A.I
B.me
C.my
D.mine
-答案:A解析:“My brother and_”为句子主语,需用主格代词,I为主格,符合语法规则。
·真题2(单项选择):
Ms.Wang teaches English to Tom and_.
A.I
B.me
C.we
D.our
-答案:B解析:to Tom and一”中to为介词,后接宾格作宾语,me为宾格,符合语法规则。
考法三:人称代词主宾格在复杂句式中的综合运用
·核心:结合并列结构、比较状语从句及被动语态,准确判断人称代词主宾格形式,掌握不同句式中代词
的语法功能
·真题1(单项选择):
My brother,Tom,andwill go to the park,and the teacher will wait for_at the gate.
A.I;we
B.me;us
C.I;us
D.me;we
-答案:C解析:第一空“Tom and_”作主语,应用主格;第二空“wait for'”后接宾语,应用宾格us。
·真题2(单项选择):
Lily runs faster than_,but I can sing better than_.
A.him;her
B.he;she
C.he;her
D.him:she
-答案:C解析:第一空“than”后接主格he(完整句为“than he runs”);第二空“than”后接宾格
her(完整句为“than her sings”,口语中常用宾格,此处符合语法规范)。
初一|英语|冀教版
ENGLISH-初一系列资料(冀教版)
解题小妙招
主宾格判断妙招
代词主宾看位置,动词介词后用宾;
主语位置用主格,并列结构功能清;
复杂句式先分析,主宾功能要分明;
主格you/he/she/it/we/they,宾格me/you/.him/her/it/us/them;
牢记主宾格形式,结合语境准判断。
真题演练
演练一:单项选择(共10题)
1.My father often helps my sister and__with homework.
A.I
B.me
C.my
D.mine
2.is a clever girl.All the classmates like_
A.She;her
B.Her;she
C.She;she
D.Her;her
3.He asked Tom and_to join the football team.
A.I
B.me
C.we
D.our
4.Listen to_carefully!He is telling an interesting story.
A.he
B.him
C.his
D.himself
5.My brother and_will visit grandparents,and they will cook for _
A.I;us
B.me;we
C.I;we
D.me;us
6.She is taller than一,but I run faster than-
A.he;her
B.him;she
C.he;she
D.him;her
7.The teacher gave books to Lucy and_.
A.I
B.me
C.my
D.mine
8.and Tom are good friends.We often play with_.
A.She;her
B.Her;she
C.She;she
D.Her;her
9.My mother told_a story,and-listened carefully.
A.me;I
B.I;me
C.me;me
D.;1
10.They will go to the park with_and_.
A.he;she
B.him;her
C.his;her
D.he;her
演练二:填空(共10题)
1.My mother loves _(I)very much.
2.He often plays basketball with_(they)after school.