不同时态的被动语态7种-备战2025-2026学年九年级英语上学期期末语法全解（沪教牛津版）

ENGLISH初三上系列资料（沪教牛津版） Chapter1不同时态的被动语态(7种) 考频分析 不同时态的被动语态是中考英语语法的重要考点，考频占语法总量的15%左右，主要分布在核心题型中： 单项选择1-2题、语法填空1-2题、书面表达（核心考察，直接影响句子时态与语态的准确性）。在语境 理解类题目中，不同时态的被动语态的构成及用法辨析往往是解题关键。 考查内容 中考对动词的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·动词分类应用：系动词、实义动词、情态动词、助动词的辨析与功能； ·时态与语态：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完 成时的被动语态结构与语境匹配，主动语态与被动语态的转换； ·非谓语动词：todo、doig、do的固定搭配与句法功能（作宾语、宾语补足语、定语等）。 精讲精练 知识点一：不同时态的被动语态 ·1.一般现在时被动语态（主语+am/is/are+过去分词）》 一构成规则：表示经常性、习惯性的被动动作或状态 -例句：口English is spoken by many people.(主语为不可数名词，be动词用is)口These books are kept in the library.(主语为复数，be动词用are) ·2.一般过去时被动语态（主语+was/were-+过去分词） 一构成规则：强调过去某个时间发生的被动动作 -例句：口The bridge was built in2o00.(主语为单数，be动词用was)口The letters were sent yesterday.. (主语为复数，be动词用were) ·3.一般将来时被动语态（主语+will be-+过去分词/主语+am/is/are going to be+过去分词） 一构成规则：表示将来要发生的被动动作 -例句：口A new hospital will be built next year.(will be结构)口The meeting is going to be held in the hal.(be going to be结构) ·4.现在进行时被动语态（主语+am/is/are+being+过去分词） 一构成规侧：强调此刻正在进行的被动动作 -例句：口The room is being cleaned now.(主语为单数，be动词用is)口These questions are being discussed by the students.(主语为复数，be动词用are) ·5.过去进行时被动语态（主语+was/were+being+过去分词） 一构成规则：表示过去某一时刻正在进行的被动动作 -例句：☐The report was being written at8o'clock last night.(主语为单数，be动词用was)·The trees were being planted this time yesterday.(主语为复数，be动词用were) ·6.现在完成时被动语态（主语+have/has+been+过去分词） 一构成规则：强调被动动作对现在造成的影响或结果 -例句：The work has been finished already.(主语为不可数名词，用has)☐Three books have been read by her this month.(主语为复数，用have) ·7.含有情态动词的被动语态（主语+情态动词+be+过去分词） 一构成规则：表示“能够、必须、应该”等情态意义的被动动作 -例句：口This task must be completed on time.(情态动词must)☐The problem can be solved easily. (情态动词can) 【即学即练】 1.【一般现在时被动语态】Many trees_(plant))in our city every spring. 2.【一般过去时被动语态】The letter_(write)by Tom yesterday.. A.is written B.was written C.will be written D.is being written 3.【现在进行时被动语态】Look!The classroom_(clean)by the students now. 4.【含有情态动词的被动语态】This work_(finish)before Friday. A.must finish B.must be finished C.must finished D.must be finish 5.【现在完成时被动语态】The work_((finish)already.It's time to have a rest 初三上丨英语|沪教牛津版 ENGLISH-初三上系列资料（沪教牛津版） 知识点二：必考时态和被动语态 ·1.一般现在时（常态、规律、客观真理） -口时间标志词 *always(总是)、usually(通常)、often(经常)、every day/week/month(每天/周/月)、on Sundays (在周日)、客观真理（无具体时间词，如“地球绕太阳转”） 一口主动语态 *结构：主语+动词原形（主语为非三单）/动词第三人称单数（主语为三单） *例句： *口They play basketball every afternoon.(非三单主语，动词用原形play) *口She teaches English in a middle school..(三单主语，动词用teaches) -口被动语态 *结构：主语+am/is/are+动词过去分词（主语单复数决定am/is/are的选择） *例句： *口Basketball is played by them every afternoon.(主语单数，用is;play的过去分词为played) *口English is taught by her in a middle school..(主语不可数，用is;teach的过去分词为taught) ·2.一般过去时（过去某个时间发生的动作/状态，已结束） -口时间标志词 *yesterday(昨天)、last week/month/year(上周/月/年)、just now(刚才)、in2020(在2020 年)、three days ago(三天前) -口主动语态 *结构：主语+动词过去式（无单复数变化） *例句： *口He watched a movie yesterday evening.(watch的过去式为watched) *口They visited the Great Wall last summer..(isit的过去式为Visited) 一口被动语态 *结构：主语+was/were+动词过去分词（主语单数用was,复数用were) *例句： *口A movie was watched by him yesterday evening.(主语单数，用was;watch的过去分词为 watched *口The Great Wall was visited by them last summer..(主语单数，用was;isit的过去分词为visited) ·3.一般将来时（将来某个时间发生的动作/计划） -口时间标志词 *tomorrow(明天)、next week/month/year(下周I月I年)、in the future(在未来)、soon(很快)、 in three days(三天后) 一口主动语态 *结构：口主语+will+动词原形口主语+am/is/are going to+动词原形 *例句： *☐Ve will hold a party next Friday..(will+原形hold) *☐She is going to buy a new dress tomorrow.(主语三单，用is going to+原形buy) 一口被动语态 *结构：口主语+wibe+动词过去分词口主语+am/is/are going to be+动词过去分词 *例句： *口A party will be held by us next Friday.(will be+hold的过去分词held) *口A new dress is going to be bought by her tomorrow.(is going to be+buy的过去分词bought) ·4.现在进行时（此时此刻正在发生的动作） -口时间标志词 *now(现在)、at the moment(此刻)、look(看，句首提示)、listen(听，句首提示) 一口主动语态 *结构：主语+am/is/are+动词现在分词(doing)(主语单数/三单用is,第一人称用am,复数用 are) *例句： *口I am reading a book now.(第一人称，用am+reading) *☐He is playing the guitar at the moment..(三单主语，用is+playing) 一口被动语态 *结构：主语+am/is/are+being+动词过去分词(being体现“正在进行”，过去分词体现“被动") *例句： *口A book is being read by me now.(主语单数，用is being+read的过去分词read) *口The guitar is being played by him at the moment..(主语单数，用is being+play的过去分词played) ·5.过去进行时（过去某个时刻/时间段正在发生的动作） 一口时间标志词 *at8p.m.yesterday(昨天晚上8点)、this time last week(上周这个时候)、when+一般过去时句 子（如When he came in) 一口主动语态 *结构：主语+was/were+动词现在分词(doing)(主语单数I三单用was,复数用were) *例句： *☐She was watching TV at8p.m.yesterday.(三单主语，用was+watching) *口He was reading a newspaper when the phone rang.(三单主语，用was+reading;rang是一般 过去时) 一口被动语态 *结构：主语+was/were-+being+动词过去分词(was/were体现“过去”，being体现“进行”，过 去分词体现“被动”) *例句： *口TV was being watched by her at8p.m.yesterday..(主语单数，用was being+watch的过去分词 watched *口A newspaper was being read by him when the phone rang.(主语单数，用was being+read的 过去分词read) ·6.现在完成时（过去动作对现在的影响/动作持续到现在） 一口时间标志词 *already(已经，肯定句)、yet(还，否定句I疑问句)、for+时间段（如for3 years)、入since+时间 点（如since2020)、so far(到目前为止） 一口主动语态 *结构：主语+have/has+动词过去分词（主语单数I三单用has,复数/第一人称用have) *例句： *☐I have finished my homework already.(第一人称，用have+-finished) *口He has lived here for5 years.(三单主语，用has+-lived) -口被动语态 *结构：主语+have/has been+动词过去分词(have/has been体现“现在完成时”，过去分词体现 “被动”) *例句 *口My homework has been finished by me already.(主语不可数，用has been+finished的过去分 词finished) *口This house has been lived in by him for5 years..(主语单数，用has been+-lived的过去分词lived; live是不及物动词，需加in) ·7.过去完成时（过去某个动作之前发生的动作，“过去的过去”） -口时间标志词 *by+过去时间点（如by2019、by last Friday)、before+过去时句子（如before he left)、when+ 一般过去时句子（如When I arrived) 一口主动语态 *结构：主语+had+动词过去分词（无单复数变化，统一用had) *例句： *He had finished his work by 5 p.m.yesterday.(had+finished) *口They had left before I arrived.(had+leit;arrived是一般过去时，“离开”在“到达”之前) -口被动语态 *结构：主语+had been+动词过去分词(had been体现“过去完成时”，过去分词体现“被动”) *例句： *口His work had been finished by him by5p.m.yesterday.(had been+finished的过去分词finished) *口The room had been cleaned by them before I arrived.(had been+cleaned的过去分词cleaned) 知识点三：不同时态的被动语态的基础用法 ·1.一般现在时的被动语态 -结构：amis/are+过去分词(done) 一基础用法（中考必背）： *口表示经常性、习惯性的被动动作→例句：English is spoken by many people around the world. *口描述客观事实或真理→例句：The Great Wall is visited by thousands of tourists every year.. *口状态被动→例句：The door is closed now. ·2.一般过去时的被动语态 -结构：was/were+过去分词(done) 一基础用法（中考必背）： *口表示过去发生的被动动作→例句：The letter was written by Tom yesterday.. *口描述过去的状态或事件→例句：These photos were taken in2020. *口含byl出动作执行者→例句：The room was cleaned by my sister this morning ·3.一般将来时的被动语态 -结构：will be+过去分词(done)am/is/are going to be+过去分词(done) 一基础用法（中考必背）： *口表示将来要发生的被动动作→例句：A new hospital will be built here next year.. *口计划或安排的被动事件→例句：The meeting is going to be held tomorrow afternoon. *口含情态动词的被动（拓展）→例句：This work must be finished before Friday. ·4.现在进行时的被动语态 -结构：am/is/are+being+过去分词(done) 一基础用法（中考易错）： *口表示正在进行的被动动作→例句：The house is being painted now. *口强调动作的正在进行→例句：A new road is being built in our city. ·5.过去进行时的被动语态 -结构：was/were+being+过去分词(done) 一基出用法（中考拓展）： *口表示过去某时正在进行的被动动作→例句：The book was being read by him at8p.m.last night.. *口描述过去特定时间的状态→例句：The problem was being discussed when I entered the room, ·6.现在完成时的被动语态 -结构：have/has+been+过去分词(done) 一基础用法（中考必背）： *口表示过去发生并持续到现在的被动动作→例句：This song has been heard many times.. *口强调对现在的影响→例句：The work has been finished already. ·7.过去完成时的被动语态 -结构：had+been+过去分词(done) 一基础用法（中考拓展）： *口表示过去某时之前完成的被动动作→例句：The task had been completed before he arrived. *口过去的过去的被动状态→例句：All the tickets had been sold out when we got there. ·中考易错点辨析 1.被动语态中be动词的误用： The flowers are watered by her yesterday.-The flowers were watered by her yesterday. 间标志词yesterday表明用一般过去时，主语复数，be动词用were) -The bridge is being built last year.→The bridge was built last year.(时间标志词last year表明 用一般过去时，无需being) 2.现在进行时被动语态漏加being: -The room is cleaned now:→The room is being cleaned now.(时间标志词now表明用现在进 行时被动语态，需加being) 3.完成时被动语态漏加been: -The wor'has finished already.→The work has been finished already.(work是动作承受者，用 被动语态，现在完成时被动需加been) 4.情态动词被动语态后动词形式错误： -This problem can solved easily.→This problem can be solved easily.(情态动词后被动语态需 用be+过去分词) 初三上」英语|沪教牛津版 ENGLISH初三上系列资料（沪教牛津版） 老法一：被动语态结构辨析 ·核心：根据时态和主语特征，判断被动语态的正确结构(be动词形式、是否需加being/been等) ·真题1（语法填空）： Many trees_(plant)in our city every spring. 一答案：are planted解析：由时间标志词“every spring”可知用一般现在时；主语“trees”为复数，被 动语态结构为“are+过去分词”，plant的过去分词为planted。 ·真题2（单项选择）： The meeting__at 9 o'clock yesterday morning. A.was held B.is held C.will be held D.was being held -答案：A解析：由时间标志词“yesterday morning”可知用一般过去时；主语“meeting'”为单数，被 动语态结构为“was+过去分词”，hold的过去分词为held。 考法二：主动与被动语态转换 ·核心：根据句子语境及动作关系，将主动语态转换为被动语态，需准确匹配时态与be动词形式 ·真题1（句型转换）： -People grow rice in the south of China.(改为被动语态) Rice_in the south of China. -答案：is grown解析：原句为一般现在时主动语态，转换为被动语态需用”am/is/are+过去分词”；主 语rice为不可数名词，be动词用is,grow的过去分词为grown. ·真题2（单项选择）： -They will build a new school here next year..(改为被动语态) -A new school here next year. A.will build B.will be built C.was built D.is building -答案：B解析：原句为一般将来时主动语态，被动语态结构为”will be+过去分词”，build的过去分词为 buit,故选B。 考法三：时态与被动语态的综合运用 ·核心：结合时间标志词判断时态，确定动作的被动关系，正确选用被动语态结构(b+过去分词)及相 应助动词情态动词形式 ·真题1（单项选择）： -A new bridge_over the river now.It will be finished next month. A.builds B.is building C.is being built D.was built 一答案：C解析：由时间标志词“now”可知用现在进行时，主语“a new bridge?”是动作“build”的承 受者，需用被动语态，现在进行时被动语态结构为“am/is/are+being+过去分词”，主语为单数，be 动词用is,build的过去分词为built。 ·真题2（语法填空）： -These trees_(plant)by the students last spring.They have grown very tall now. -答案：were planted解析：主语“these treesi”是动作“plant'”的承受者，用被动语态；由时间标志 词“last spring”可知用一般过去时，主语为复数，be动词用were,plant的过去分词为planted。 解题小妙招 时态判断看标志，没有标志品语境； 主动结构记“主谓”，被动必带“be和done”; 被动中be最关键，记住be就OK; 一现被动“amis/are”,一过被动“was/were”; 进行被动要用“being”,完成被动“have/has/had been”; 将来被动“wibe”,最后加上一个done。 初三上丨英语|沪教牛津版 ENGLISH初三上系列资料（沪教牛津版） 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题） 1.The Olympic Games_every four years. A.hold B.is held C.are held D.held 2.A new park_in our neighborhood last year. A.built B.was built C.is built D.will be built 3.Look!The old photos_by my mother on the table A.are being sorted B.are sorting C.sorted D.were sorted 4.This book__into many languages since it was published. A.translates B.translated C.has translated D.has been translated 5.The meeting__at 3 p.m.yesterday when I called the office. A.was held B.is being held C.was being held D.holds 6.These problems_easily if you follow the teacher's advice. A.solve B.can solve