宾语从句-备战2025-2026学年九年级英语上学期期末语法全解（沪教牛津版）

ENGLISH初三上系列资料（沪教牛津版） Chapter1宾语从句 考频分析 宾语从句是中考英语句法的核心模块，考频占句法总量的5%左右，贯穿试卷多个核心题型：单项选择 (1-2题)、完形填空(2-3题)、阅读理解（间接考察，影响长难句理解）、书面表达（核心考察，直接影响 句子结构与逻辑性)。在语境综合类题目中，宾语从句的连接词选择、语序及时态呼应往往是解题关键。 老查内容 中考对宾语从句的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·l导词选择：连接代词(what、which、who等)、连接副词(when、where、how等)、从属连词that/if/whether 的辨析与使用场景； ·语序规则：陈述句语序（主语+谓语）在宾语从句中的应用，避免疑问句语序误用； ·时态呼应：主句与从句时态的一致性（如主句一般过去时，从句用相应过去时态）及特殊情况（客观真 理用一般现在时)。 精讲精练 知识点一：宾语从句的定义及基本结构 ·定义（名词性从句的一种，作及物动词介词的宾语） 一核心功能：在句中充当宾语，补充说明动作的对象或内容 -例句：☐I know(hat)she likes music.(作动词know的宾语)☐Ne are talking about whether we should go.(作介词about的宾语) ·语序（陈述语序，即”主语+谓语”结构） 一正确结构：引导词+主语+谓语+其他成分 -错误示例：Do you know where does she live?(应改为：where she lives) -例句：口Could you tell me how I can get to the station？(疑问词how+主语l+谓语can get)口I wonder if he will come tomorrow.(if+主语he+谓语will come) ·引导词分类及用法 -that(无意义，可省略，引导陈述句作宾语) *例句：She said(that)she would visit us next week.(省略that不影响句意) -whether/if(表”是否”，引导一般疑问句作宾语) *例句：Idon't know if/whether it will rain tomorrow.(两者可互换) 一特殊疑问词(what/when/where/how等，引导特殊疑问句作宾语) *例句：He asked how much the book cost.(疑问词how much+陈述语序) ·时态呼应（主句与从句时态一致原则） 一主句为现在时/将来时，从句用任意时态 *例句：I think he is reading now.(主句现在时，从句现在进行时) 一主句为过去时，从句用相应过去时态（客观真理除外） *例句：She said she had finished her homework.(主句过去时，从句过去完成时) *例外：Our teacher told us the earth goes around the sun.(客观真理用一般现在时) 【即学即练】 1.【宾语从句定义】下列句子中，宾语从句作介词宾语的是？ A.I know that he is a student. B.We talk about what we will do next. C.She said she would go home. D.He thinks she is right 2.【语序规则】请改正错误句子：Do you know where_she go?(正确形式填写) 3.【引导词选择】Idon't know_he will come or not..应填入的连接词是？ A.that B.if C.whether D.what 4.【时态呼应】Our teacher told us the moon_(go)around the earth.(用所给词的适当形式填空) 5.【综合应用】She asked me_.I had seen the movie.此处可填入的连接词不包括？ A.if B.whether C.that D.when 初三上丨英语|沪教牛津版 ENGLISH初三上系列资料（沪教牛津版） 知识点二：连接词与语序规则 ·陈述句连接词 1.陈述事实肯定意义：that(无实际意义，可省略) 一例句： -口She says(that)she will come tomorrow.(她说她明天会来) -口I know(that)he likes playing football..(我知道他喜欢踢足球) 2.表疑问转换为陈述：if/whether(是否，不可省略) 一例句： -口I wonder if he will attend the meeting.(我想知道他是否会参加会议) -·She asked whether the answer was correct..(她问答案是否正确) ·特殊疑问句连接词（保留疑问词本身） 1.疑问代词：what(什么)、who(谁)、whom(谁，宾格)、whose(谁的)、which(哪个) 一例句： -口Do you know what he is doing now?(你知道他现在在做什么吗) -口She asked whose book this was.(她问这是谁的书) 2.疑问副词：when(何时)、where(何地)、why(为何)、how(如何) 一例句： -口Can you tell me where the library is？(你能告诉我图书馆在哪里吗) -口Idon't understand why he left early.(我不明白他为什么早走) ·语序规则（关键考点） 1.陈述句/肯定句：连接词+主语+谓语+其他（正常语序） -例句： -口He told me(that)his father works in a hospital..(他告诉我他父亲在医院工作) -口I think(that)we should try our best.(我认为我们应该尽力) 2.疑问句转换：连接词+主语+谓语+其他（将疑问语序改为陈述语序） -错误：Idon't know where is he going.(x) -正确：I don't know where he is going.(√)（我不知道他要去哪里） -错误：She asked how did they solve the problem.(x) -正确：She asked how they solved the problem.(V)(她问他们如何解决了这个问题) ·时态一致原则（基础应用） 1.主句为现在时/将来时，从句可根据实际情况用任意时态 一例句： -口He says he has finished his homework.(主句一般现在时，从句现在完成时) -·I will tell her that we visited Beijing last year.(主句一般将来时，从句一般过去时) 2.主句为过去时，从句用过去相关时态（客观真理除外） 一例句： -口She said she would buy a new bag.(主句一般过去时，从句过去将来时) -口He told me that he had seen the movie before.(主句一般过去时，从句过去完成时) 3.客观真理永远用一般现在时（不受主句时态影响）》 -例句： -The teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.(老师说地球绕着太阳转) 知识点三：宾语从句综合考点 ·连接词选择（中考必背）》 1.that(无意义，可省略)→例句：She says(that)she will come tomorrow. 2.if/whether(是否)→例句：Idon't know if he will join us. 3.what(什么)→例句：He asked what I bought yesterday. 4.who(谁)→例句：Can you tell me who broke the window? 5.when(何时)例句：They want to know when the party will start.. 6.where(何地)→例句：She asked where I lived. 7.why(为何)→例句：He explained why he was late, 8.how(如何)例句：Please tell me how to solve this problem. ·语序规则（中考核心） 一陈述句语序（主语+谓语，不可用疑问句语序）→例句： -口I wonder what he is doing now.(正确) -☐I wonder what is he doing now.(错误) ·时态变化（中考易错） 1.主句为现在时将来时，从句用任意时态→例句： 2.She knows he lived here in2020.(从句用过去时) 3.I will ask if he has finished the work.(从句用现在完成时) 4.主句为过去时，从句用过去相关时态→例句： 5.He said he would visit Beijing.(一般过去将来时) 6.She told me she was reading at that time.(过去进行时) 7.从句表客观真理，时态不变（用一般现在时）→例句： 8.The teacher said the earth goes around the sun. ·否定转移（中考常老） -主句谓语为think/believe/suppose等时，否定词转移至主句→例句： I don't think he is right.I think he isn't right. We don't believe she will come.We believe she won't come. ·中考易错点辨析 1.连接词if与whether的误用： -十don't know if he will come or not:→Idon't know whether he will come or not..(与or not连 用需用whether) He asked me whether the train will arrive on time.-He asked me if/whether the train would arrive on time.(主句过去时，从句时态需呼应) 2.语序错误： -Do you know where does he live?→Do you know where he lives？(从句用陈述语序) -She asked how-did they go to school..→She asked how they went to school.(从句陈述语序 +时态呼应) 3.时态呼应错误： -He said the earth went around the sun.→He said the earth goes around the sun.(客观真理 用一般现在时) -think she will go to the park yesterday.→I think she went to the park yesterday.(从句时态需 符合时间状语) 4.否定转移错误： -hink he isn't a good student.→Idon't think he is a good student.(否定词转移至主句) -e believe she won't pass the exam.→Ne don't believe she will pass the exam.(否定词转 移)》 初三上丨英语|沪教牛津版 ENGLISH-初三上系列资料（沪教牛津版） 考法一：连接词选择 ·核心：根据从句类型（陈述句/一般疑问句/特殊疑问句）及语义，选择正确的连接词(that/if/whether/,特 殊疑问词) ·真题1（语法填空）： She asked_the train would arrive on time -答案：if/whether解析：从句为一般疑问句“火车是否会准时到达”，需用表“是否”的连接词f或 whether ·真题2（单项选择）： Do you know_is standing at the school gate? A.what B.who C.when D.where -答案：B解析：从句询问“谁站在学校门口”，应用疑问代词who作主语，符合“连接词+主语+谓 语”的陈述语序。 考法二：连接词与语序综合判断 ·核心：根据从句类型选择正确连接词，并确保从句使用陈述语序（主语+谓语） ·真题1（语法填空）： -Could you tell methe nearest post office is?I need to send a letter. 一答案：where解析：从句询问地点，用连接词where;且需用陈述语序“where+主语(the nearest post office)+谓语(is)”,符合“连接词+主语+谓语”规则。 ·真题2（单项选择）： She asked _we would start the meeting A.when will B.when we will C.when would we D.when we would -答案：D解析：主句为过去时(asked),从句需用过去相关时态（排除B);且从句用陈述语序“连接 词(when)+主语(we)+谓语(would start)”,故选D。 考法三：宾语从句综合运用（连接词选择+语序调整+时态呼应） ·核心：结合语境选择恰当连接词，确保从句用陈述语序，并根据主句时态调整从句时态（客观真理除外） ·真题1（单项选择）： Our teacher asked us if the sun _around the earth.Most of us knew the answer. A.go B.goes C.went D.will go 一答案：B解析：从句表述客观真理“太阳绕地球转”，时态不受主句过去时影响，用一般现在时；主语 “the sun”为第三人称单数，谓语动词用“goes”。 ·真题2（语法填空）： -She wondered what_(happen)to her brother,so she called him immediately. 一答案：had happened解析：主句谓语“wondered”为过去时，从句动作“happen”发生在主句动作 之前，用过去完成时；连接词“what”后接陈述语序，结构为“had+过去分词”，happen的过去分 词为“happened”。 初三上丨英语|沪教牛津版 ENGLISH初三上系列资料（沪教牛津版） 解题小妙招 宾语从句解题妙招 连接词分三类型，陈述用that(可省略)，疑问是否if/whether,特殊问句词不变； 语序必用陈述式，主谓顺序莫颠倒，连接词后接主语，谓语紧随主语后； 时态呼应看主句，主现从不限，主过从必过（真理除外），客观真理永一现； 三要素要全兼顾，连接语序和时态，细心审题定答案，保你做题不犯难。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题） 1.I don't know _he will come to the party tomorrow. A.that B.if C.what D.where 2.She asked me_I bought for my mother on Mother's Day. A.what B.who C.when D.how 3.Could you tell me_the train leaves?I need to catch the early one. A.when does B.when will C.when D.when did 4.The teacher told us_the earth moves around the sun. A.if B.that C.what D.how 5.He wondered they solved the problem so quickly. A.why did B.why do C.why D.why will 6.My father asked me_I had finished my homework. A.if B.that C.what D.where 7.Do you know_is the tallest student in your class? A.who B.whom C.whose D.which 8.She said she_visit her grandparents the next weekend. A.will B.would C.is going to D.goes 9.I don't understand _he was late for school this morning. A.how B.why C.when D.where 10.The little boy asked_the stars are far from the earth. A.that B.if C.what D.who 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.Could you tell me_(where)the nearest bank is?I need to withdraw money. 2.She said_(that)she would come to the party with her friends. 3.I wonder(if)he will pass the exam this time. 4.The girl asked_(what)her mother was cooking in the kitchen. 5.He told me_(how)he learned to play the piano when he was young. 6.Do you know _(when)the school trip will start next month? 7.My mother asked me_(whether)I had cleaned my room yet. 8.The teacher explained_(why)the answer to the math problem was correct. 9.We are talking about_(who)will be the leader of the project. 10.He said he_(have)finished reading the book before dinner. 演练三：语法填空（共10空） Last week,Tom visited a science museum and learned many interesting things.He told his sister Lisa _1-(that)the museum had a model of a spaceship.Lisa was curious and asked_2_(what)the model looked like.Tom said it was as tall as their house and_3(that)it had a lot of buttons inside Lisa then wondered_4(how)astronauts lived in space.Tom explained_5(that)they ate special food and slept in sleeping bags.He also told her_6(if)there was gravity in space,but Lisa already knew there wasn't. Later,Tom asked Lisa__7_(whether)she wanted to visit the museum with him the next weekend.Lisa said yes immediately.She also asked-8_(when)they would leave.Tom suggested 9 a.m.,but Lisa said her piano lesson ended at 10 a.m.,so they_9_(would)leave at 10:30. On the day of the visit,Tom forgot to bring his phone.He asked Lisa_10_(where)hers was,but she said she had left it at home too.They laughed and decided to enjoy the museum without phones. 参考答案 演练一：单项选择 1.B2.A3.C4.B5.C6.A7.A8.B9.B10.B 演练二：填空试题 1.where 2.that 3.if 4.what 5.how 6.when 7.whether 8.why 9.who 10.had 演练三：语法填空 1.that 2.what 3.that 4.how 5.that 6.if 7.whether 8.when 9.would 10.where 初三上丨英语|沪教牛津版