内容正文:
ENGL凵ISH-初一系列资料(沪教牛津版)
Chapter1不定冠词
考频分析
不定冠词是中考英语词法的基础模块,考频占词法总量的5%左右,主要出现在单项选择(1-2题)、完形
填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)中。在语境理解类题目中,不定冠词a/an的辨析及与定冠词the的区
别往往是解题关键。
老查内容
中考对不定冠词的考察聚焦两大维度,覆盖基础用法与语境应用:
·基本用法辨析:a用于辅音音素开头单词前,an用于元音音素开头单词前的规则及特殊情况(如hour,
university等);
·语境应用场景:表示泛指“一个”、用于可数名词单数前首次提及、固定搭配(如have a rest,,an honest
boy)中的使用。
精讲精练
知识点一:不定冠词的基本用法及区别
·1.ā的用法(用于辅音音素开头的单词前)
一表示“一个”,用于泛指某类人或事物中的一个
-例句:口I have a book.(泛指一本书)口He is a student..(泛指一名学生)
·2.an的用法(用于元音音素开头的单词前)
一表示“一个”,用于泛指某类人或事物中的一个,后接元音音素开头的单词
-例句:口She has an apple.(泛指-个苹果)口There is an hour left.(hour以元音音素/as/开头)
·3.不定冠词的常见搭配与注意事项
-用于可数名词单数前,表泛指
-注意:判断用a还是an取决于单词发音的第一个音素,而非字母
-例句:口an honest boy(honest以元音音素/p/开头)口a university(university以辅音音素ju:/开头)
【即学即练】
1.【alan基础辨析】选择正确的不定冠词:_honest boy
A.a
B.an
C.the
D./
2.【音素判断】判断用a还是an的核心依据是单词的:
A.首字母
B.首音素
C.词性
D.单复数
3.【用法应用】请用aan填空:Ihave_book.It's_useful book.
4.【特殊情况】hour前用a还是an?为什么?
5.【固定搭配】写出正确的不定冠词:have-rest;take_walk
初一」英语沪教牛津版
ENGLISH初一系列资料(沪教牛津版)
知识点二:不定冠词的基本用法和易错点
·1.不定冠词aan的基本区别(后接名词的发音规则)
1.用a的情况:后接以辅音音素开头的单词(注意:不是辅音字母,而是发音)
-例词及例句:
-a university(一所大学,university发音以ju:l开头,jW是辅音音素)》
-a European country(一个欧洲国家,European发音以jsl开头)
-a useful book(一本有用的书,useful发音以ju:/开头)》
2.用n的情况:后接以元音音素开头的单词(注意:不是元音字母,而是发音)
-例词及例句:
-an hour(一小时,hour发音以Ial开头,h不发音)
-an honest boy(一个诚实的男孩,honest发音以/b/开头,h不发音)
-an umbrella(一把雨伞,umbrella发音以lW开头)
-an11-year-old girl(一个11岁的女孩,11发音以//开头)
·2.不定冠词的核心功能(表示“泛指”或“某一个”)
1.首次提到某人或某物,表示不特定的一个
一例句:
-I saw a dog in the park.(我在公园看到一只狗。首次提到,不特指哪只狗)
-There is an apple on the table.(桌子上有一个苹果。不特指哪个苹果)
2.表示一类人或事物中的“任何一个”,相当于evey
一例句:
-A doctor should be kind to patients.(医生应该对病人和蔼。泛指所有医生)
-An elephant is a big animal..(大象是一种大型动物。泛指大象这一类)
3.用于某些固定搭配中,表示数量“一”(但比one更强调类别)
一例句:
-I need a pen to write with.(我需要一支笔写字。强调“笔”这一类物品,而非数量“一”)
-She has a sister and a brother.(她有一个姐姐和-个弟弟。表示数量,但隐含“同类中的一个”)
·3.不定冠词的常见易错点(不能使用或必须使用的情况)
1.不可数名词前不能用alan
-错误:I want a water..(水是不可数名词,应改为:I want some water..)
-正确:She drank a glass of water..(a修饰可数名词glass,而非water)
2.复数名词前不能用alan(除非表示“某一个”特定类别,但初中阶段较少见)
-错误:He has a books.(books是复数,应改为:He has books..或He has a book.)
3.三餐、球类运动前一般不用alan,但有形容词修饰时必须用
-错误:I have breakfast at7a.m.(正确,三餐前无修饰词,不用a/an)
-正确:I had a big breakfast this morning.(breakfast前有形容词big,用a)
-错误:He plays basketball every day.(正t确,球类运动前不用alan)
-正确:He wants to join a basketball club.(club是可数名词,用a修饰cub,而非basketball)
4.专有名词前一般不用alan,但表示“某一个叫…的人”时可用
-错误:I visited a Beijing last year..(Beijing是专有名词,不用alan,应改为:I visited Beijing last
year.)
-正确:There is a Mr..Smith waiting for you.(有一位史密斯先生在等你。表示“某一位0叫史密斯的
先生”)
知识点三:不定冠词
·1.a的用法
-基础搭配拓展(中考必背):
*口用于辅音音素开头的可数名词单数前→,例句:I have a book.(book以辅音音素b/开头)
*O表示“一(个)”,数量慨念→例句:There is a cat in the garden.
*口用于首次提到的人或物→例句:She bought a pen yesterday..The pen is red,
*口用于某些固定搭配中→例句:have a rest(休息一下);take a walk(散步)
一特殊用法(中考易错):
*口用于“a+辅音音素开头的形容词+名词”结构→例句:This is a useful tool.(useful以辅音音
素N开头)
*O表示“某-个”,不特指→例句:A student is waiting for you at the school gate.
·2.an的用法
-基础搭配拓展(中考必背):
*口用于元音音素开头的可数名词单数前→例句:She has an apple.(apple以元音音素e/开头)
*口表示“一(个)”,数量概念→例句:There is an egg on the plate.
*口用于首次提到的元音音素开头的人或物→例句:He found an old key in the box.The key is made
of metal
*D用于某些固定搭配中→例句:have an idea(有一个主意);an hour(一小时)
一特殊用法(中考易错):
*口用于“an+元音音素开头的形容词+名词”结构→例句:lt's an interesting story.(interesting
以元音音素/开头)
*口字母“h”不发音时,以其后的元音音素开头用an→例句:an honest boy(honest中“h”不发
音,以元音音素//开头)
·3.alan的区别与共性
-核心区别(中考必背):
*口a用于辅音音素开头的单词前(注意:不是辅音字母)→例:a university(university以辅音音素
开头)
*·an用于元音音素开头的单词前(注意:不是元音字母)→例:an umbrella(umbrella以元音音
素IW开头)
一共性规则(中考常考):
*口均用于可数名词单数前,表泛指“一个”→例:adog/an elephant
*口均不可与复数名词或不可数名词连用→错误:a books/an informations(正确:books infor-
mation)
*口均不能与物主代词(my,your等)或定冠词the同时使用→错误:my a pen(正确:my pen/a
pen)
初一|英语|沪教牛津版
ENGLISH初一系列资料(沪教牛津版)
考法一:alan的辨析(音素判断)
·核心:根据单词发音的第一个音素(辅音音素或元音音素),选择正确的不定冠词a或a
·真题1(单项选择):
-There is__university near my home.
A.a
B.an
C.the
D.1
-答案:A解析:university发音以辅音音素u:开头,故用a。
·真题2(语法填空):
My brother is_honest boy.Everyone likes him.
-答案:an解析:honest中"h”不发音,发音以元音音素//开头,故用an。
考法二:不定冠词alan的用法辨析与易错点综合考查
·核心:结合单词发音规则判断a/an的正确使用,并识别不可数名词、复数名词及固定搭配中不定冠词的
误用情况
·真题1(语法填空):
-There is_university near my home.I often go there to read books.
-答案:a解析:university发音以辅音音素u:/开头,故用a;此处表示泛指“一所大学”,符合不定冠
词用于可数名词单数前表泛指的用法。
·真题2(单项选择):
My mother bought__useful dictionary for me yesterday.
A.a
B.an
C.the
D./
-答案:A解析:useful发音以辅音音素ju:开头,应用a;dictionary为可数名词单数,此处表泛指“一
本有用的字典”,符合不定冠词用法规则。
老法三:不定冠词的综合应用与辨析
·核心:结合发音规则判断a/n的正确使用,掌握泛指功能及固定搭配中的易错点,区分可数不可数名
词、专有名词等语境下的冠词用法
·真题1(单项选择):
-There is_"h”and_"u”in the word"hour”.
A.a;an
B.an;a
C.an;an
D.a;a
-答案:B解析:字母"h”在"hour”中不发音,首个音素为元音音素a/,故用an;字母"u”发音以辅音
音素ju开头,故用a。
·真题2(语法填空):
My sister had_unusual experience last week-she met_European student and they became
friends.
-答案:an;a解析:unusual发音以元音音素/W开头,用an;European发音以辅音音素js/开头,用
a。两句均表泛指”一个”,符合不定冠词基本用法。
解题小妙招
a/an辨析有妙招,首音音素是关键;
辅音音素前用a,元音音素前用an;
university useful European,u发ju:/用a;
honest hour h不发音,首个元音an来伴;
泛指单数可数名,a/an用法要记清;
解题先看首音素,再判泛指与语境。
初一丨英语|沪教牛津版
ENGLISH-初一系列资料(沪教牛津版)
真题演练
演练一:单项选择试题(共10题)
1.There is _"u"in the word "use".
A.a
B.an
C.the
D./
2.My father bought_honest watch for my birthday.
A.a
B.an
C.the
D.1
3.We need __useful tool to fix the bike.
A.a
B.an
C.the
D./
4.There is_12-year-old boy waiting for you at the door.
A.a
B.an
C.the
D./
5.She wants to join_art club because she likes painting.
A.a
B.an
C.the
D./
6._university student should study hard.
A.A
B.An
C.The
D./
7.He had_big breakfast this morning,so he isn't hungry now.
A.a
B.an
C.the
D./
8.There isMr.Wang calling you on the phone.
A.a
B.an
C.the
D./
9.My brother plays_basketball every afternoon.
A.a
B.an
C.the
D./
10.I saw_elephant in the zoo yesterday.It was very big.
A.a
B.an
C.the
D./
演练二:填空试题(共10题)
1.My mother is_doctor.She works in a hospital.
2.There is _umbrella in the corner of the room
3.He has_European friend who speaks English very well
4.This is__interesting storybook.I want to read it again.
5.She spent_hour finishing her homework last night.
6.We need-pen and some paper to take notes.
7.There is_h"in the word "honest",but it doesn't make a sound.
8.My sister bought_useful dictionary for her English study.
9.They saw_8-year-old girl crying on the street and helped her.
10._apple a day keeps the doctor away.
演练三:语法填空试题(共10空)
Last Sunday,I went to-park with my family.On the way,we saw_old man sitting under-tree.He was
reading_newspaper.I noticed he had __interesting book next to him,so I asked if I could look at it.He
smiled and said yes.It was_storybook about_elephant and-mouse.The story was so funny that I
laughed loudly.After that,my mother bought me_ice cream,and we had _great time together.
参考答案
演练一:单项选择
1.A2.B3.A4.B5.B6.A7.A8.A9.D10.B
演练二:填空试题
1.a 2.an 3.a 4.an 5.an
6.a 7.an 8.a 9.an 10.An
演练三:语法填空
1.a 2.an 3.a 4.a 5.an
6.a7.an8.a9.an10.a
初一丨英语|沪教牛津版