when引导的时间状语从句-备战2025-2026学年七年级英语上学期期末语法全解（沪教牛津版）

ENGLISH初一系列资料（沪教牛津版） Chapter1when引导的时间状语从句 考频分析 whn引导的时间状语从句是中考英语句法的重要模块，考频占句法总量的15%左右，贯穿试卷多个核心 题型：单项选择(1-2题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)、书面表达（核心考察，直接影响句子 逻辑与连贯性)。在语境理解类题目中，when引导的时间状语从句与主句的时态呼应及逻辑关系往往是解 题关键。 考查内容 中考对when引导的时间状语从句的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·从句时态：主从复合句中主句与从句的时态呼应（如“主将从现”“主过从过”）； ·连接词功能：when与while、as在时间状语从句中的用法辨析； ·语境应用：根据上下文选择合适的时态及引导词，理解从句在句中的逻辑关系。 精讲精练 知识点一：when引导的时间状语从句 ·基本用法（主句与从句的时态搭配）》 -主现从现（主句一般现在时，从句也用一般现在时表将来）：I will call you when I arrive home.(我到 家时会给你打电话。) -主过从过（主句一般过去时，从句也用一般过去时）：She was reading a book when the doorbell rang. (门铃响时，她正在看书。)》 -主将从现（主句一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来）：When he comes tomorrow,we will go shopping together..(明天他来时，我们会一起去购物。) ·常见位置（可置于句首或句中） -句中（主句在前，从句在后，无需逗号隔开）：Ne were playing basketball when it started to rain. -句首（从句在前，主句在后，需用逗号隔开）：/hen the teacher came in,the students stopped talking. ·与延续性/非延续性动词连用 -与延续性动词连用时，when意为“当…期间”：He was watching TV when I visited him.(我拜访 他时，他正在看电视。) -与非延续性动词连用时，when意为“当…时候”：I was walking in the street when I met an old friend.(我在街上走时，遇到了一位老朋友。) 【即学即练】 1.【时态搭配】选择正确的动词形式填空：I_(cal)you when I_(get)home tomorrow. A.will call;get B.call;will get C.called;got D.call;get 2.【从句位置】将When it rains,we stay at home.”改为从句在句中的形式： 3.【动词类型】判断：“hen|opened the door,I saw a cat.”中when后接的是延续性动词吗？ A.是 B.否 4.【时态辨析】She a book when the phone rang A.reads B.read C.was reading D.is reading 5.【句子改写】将When he walks in the park,.he often sees birds.”简化为when+现在分词形式： 初一丨英语|沪教牛津版 ENGLISH初一系列资料（沪教牛津版） 知识点二：主句与从句的时态呼应规则 ·主现从不限（主句为一般现在时，从句根据实际情况用任意时态） 1.从句为一般现在时（表常态真理） -例句：She knows(that)the sun rises in the east.(主句一般现在时knows,.从句客观真理用一般 现在时rises) 2.从句为一般过去时（表过去动作） -例句：I think(hat)he went to Beijing yesterday.(主句一般现在时think,从句有过去时间标志 yesterday,用一般过去时went) 3.从句为一般将来时（表将来计划）》 -例句：He says(that)he will visit his grandparents next week.(主句一般现在时says,从句有将 来时间标志next week,用一般将来时will visit) ·主过从必过（主句为一般过去时，从句用过去相关时态，客观真理除外） 1.从句为一般过去时（表同时发生的过去动作） -例句：She told me(that)she bought a new bike last month.(主句一般过去时told,从句有过去时 间标志last month,用一般过去时bought) 2.从句为过去进行时（表过去某时正在进行的动作） -例句：He said(that)he was watching TV at8p.m.last night.(主句一般过去时said,从句有过去 时间点at8p.m.last night,用过去进行时was watching) 3.从句为过去将来时（表从过去看将要发生的动作） -例句：They planned(that)they would go hiking the next day..(主句一般过去时planned,从句时 间标志the next day为过去视角的“第二天”，用过去将来时would go) 4.从句为过去完成时（表过去的过去发生的动作） -例句：Iknew(that)she had already finished her homework before I called.(主句一般过去时knew, 从句动作“完成作业”在主句动作“知道”之前，用过去完成时had finished) 5.例外（客观真理仍用一般现在时） -例句：The teacher told us(that)the earth goes around the sun.(主句一般过去时told,从句为客 观真理，用一股现在时goes) ·主将从现（主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来） 1.时间状语从句(when引导，表将来时间点) -例句：I will call you when I arrive at the station.(主句一般将来时will call,从句用一般现在时arrive 表将来动作，“到达车站时”) 2.条件状语从句(f引导，表将来条件，此处补充常见考点对比) -例句：If it rains tomorrow,we will stay at home.(主句一般将来时will stay,从句用一般现在时 rains表将来条件，与when引导的时间状语从句时态规则一致) ·主祈从现（主句为祈使句，从句用一般现在时表将来） -例句：Please tell him when he comes back.(主句为祈使句Please tell,从句用一般现在时comes 表将来动作，“当他回来时”) ·主情从现（主句含情态动词表将来，从句用一般现在时表将来） -例句：You must finish your homework before you go out..(主句含情态动词must表“必须做某事”， 从句用一般现在时go表将来动作，“在你出去之前”) 知识点三：when引导的时间状语从句拓展用法 ·主从时态一致（基础规则） 1.主句一般现在时，从句一般现在时（表经常性动作）→例句：She usually reads books when she has free time. 2.主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时（主将从现）→例句：I will call you when I arrive at the station. 3.主句一般过去时，从句一般过去时（表过去同时发生）→例句：He was reading when the phone rang. 4.主句过去进行时，从句一般过去时（表过去某个动作发生时另一个动作正在进行）→例句：They were playing soccer when it started to rain. ·从句简化形式（中老常考） 1.when+现在分词（从句主语与主句主语一致，且表主动）→例句：hen walking in the park,Isaw a beautiful bird.(=When I was walking in the park... 2.when+过去分词（从句主语与主句主语一致，且表被动）→例句：hen asked about his hobby,.he smiled and said "reading".(When he was asked about his hobby... ·特殊句型与固定搭配（易错点） 1.when it comes to.…(当提到/涉及到…时)→例句：hen it comes to English learning,practice is very important. 2.hardly.when..(刚…a就…)→例句：He had hardly arrived home when it began to rain heavily. 3.时间状语从句置于句首时，常用逗号与主句隔开→例句：When the bell rings,students should go into the classroom.(Students should go into the classroom when the bell rings. ·中考易错点辨析 1.when与while的误用： -While the deerbell rang,she was eeoking.-When the doorbell rang,she was cooking.(rang 为非延续性动词，用when) -hen she was reading,+came in:→While she was reading,I came in.(reading为a延续性动 词，while更强调动作进行) 2.时态呼应错误： -will call you when will arrive home-.→I will call you when I arrive home.(主将从现，从句用 一般现在时) She said she will ge te the park temerrew.-She said she would go to the park the next day. (主过从过，从句用过去将来时) 3.从句简化形式错误： When he asking a-question,the teacher answered it.-When asking a question,he got an answer from the teacher..(主语一致，主动用现在分词) -When ask about the trip,she was happy:-When asked about the trip,she was happy. 一致，被动用过去分词) 初一|英语|沪教牛津版 ENGLISH初一系列资料（沪教牛津版） 考法一：when引导的时间状语从句时态搭配 ·核心：根据主句时态及语境，判断when从句应使用的正确时态（主现从现/庄过从过/主将从现） ·真题1（语法填空）： -I_(call)you when I arrive at the station tomorrow. -答案：will call解析：主句表将来动作，when引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时arrive表将来，符合 “主将从现”规则，故主句用一般将来时will call。. ·真题2（单项选择）： She was listening to music_her mother came back home. A.when B.while C.until D.after -答案：A解析：从句动作“came back”为非延续性动词，强调“当…时候”，用when引导时间状 语从句；while后常接延续性动词，不符合此处语境。 考法二：when引导的时间状语从句时态呼应 ·核心：结合主句时态和语境，判断whn引导的时间状语从句的正确时态（主现从现/主过从过/主将从 现) ·真题1（语法填空）： -I_(call)you when I get to the bus stop tomorrow. -答案：will call解析：主句表将来动作，从句有将来时间标志词“tom orrow”且用一般现在时“get”表 将来，符合“主将从现”规则，主句用一般将来时will call。 ·真题2（单项选择）： She was listening to music when her mother_back home yesterday. A.comes B.came C.will come D.is coming -答案：B解析：主句为过去进行时“was listening”,从句动作“回来”发生在过去，符合“主过从过” 规则，用一般过去时came。 考法三：when引导的时间状语从句时态呼应与从句简化综合应用 ·核心：结合主句时态确定whn从句的时态（主现从不限、主过从必过、主将从现等规则），并掌握从句 主语与主句一致时的简化形式(when+现在分词/过去分词) ·真题1（单顶选择）： -She was watching TV when her father_home yesterday evening. A.comes B.came C.is coming D.will come 一答案：B解析：主句为过去进行时"was watching”,根据”主过从必过”规则（知识点二），从句应用过 去相关时态；由时间标志词"yesterday evening”可知，从句用一般过去时，come的过去式为came. ·真题2（语法填空）： -When _(ask)about her dream,the little girl said she wanted to be a doctor. -答案：asked解析：hen引导时间状语从句，从句主语与主句主语"the little girl'”一致，且从句动作"ask” 与主语为被动关系，故简化为"when+过去分词”结构（知识点三），ask的过去分词为asked。 初一1英语|沪教牛津版 ENGLISH初一系列资料（沪教牛津版） 解题小妙招 when从句时态妙招 主从时态看情形，三原侧要记分明； 主将从现是常规，主句将来从用现； 主过从过要呼应，主句过去从随过； 主现从句较灵活，根据语境来确定； 若遇主语相一致，从句可简化成形； 主动简化用现分，被动简化用过分。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题） 1.I will tell you the news when he_back tomorrow. A.come B.comes C.came D.will come 2.She was doing homework-the phone rang last night. A.when B.while C.until D.since 3.They_TV when I visited them yesterday evening. A.watch B.are watching C.were watching D.will watch 4.Please call me when you_at the airport. A.arrive B.arrives C.arrived D.will arrive 5.He_to the park every Sunday when he was a child. A.go B.goes C.went D.will go 6.When the teacher _into the classroom,the students stopped talking. A.comes B.came C.is coming D.will come 7.We_a picnic if it-fine tomorrow. A.have;is B.will have;is C.have;will be D.will have;will be 8.My mother was cooking dinner when I-home yesterday. A.get B.got C.will get D.am getting 9.When _about his favorite sport,he said he liked basketball. A.ask B.asking C.asked D.asks 10.Hardly he_the door when it began to rain. A.had;opened B.has;opened C.did;open D.will;open 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.I_(call)you when I finish my work this afternoon. 2.She(read)a book when her brother came into the room. 3.When the bell(ring),we must go back to our seats 4.They_(play)soccer on the playground when it started to rain. 5.He usually _(listen)to music when he does his homework. 6.My father_(teach)me to ride a bike when I was five years old. 7.Please close the window when you_(leave)the room. 8.When I_(see)her yesterday,she was wearing a red dress. 9.We_(go)shopping tomorrow when my aunt_(arrive). 10.When it_(come)to math,Tom is always the best in our class. 演练三：语法填空（共10空） Last Sunday,Lucy and her friends planned to go hiking.When they_(meet)at the bus stop at 8:00 a.m., Lucy realized she_(forget)her water bottle.She quickly ran back home to get it.When she_(return), the bus_(already leave).Her friends felt worried because they_(wait)for her for 15 minutes. Later,Lucy took a taxi to catch up with them.When she_(arrive)at the mountain foot,her friends -(start)climbing.She shouted,"Wait for me!"and ran to join them.When they-(reach)the top at noon,they were all tired but happy.They_(have)lunch and took many photos. When Lucy_(tell)her mother about the trip that evening,her mother smiled and said,"What an exciting dayl” 答案 演练一：单项选择 1.B2.A3.C4.A5.C6.B7.B8.B9.C10.A 演练二：填空试题 1.will call 2.was reading 3.rings 4.were playing 5.listens 6.taught 7.leave 8.saw 9.will go;arrives 10.comes 演练三：语法填空 1.met 2.had forgotten 3.returned 4.had already left 5.had waited 6.arrived 7.had started 8.reached 9.had 10.told 初一丨英语|沪教牛津版