There be 句型-备战2025-2026学年七年级英语上学期期末语法全解（沪教牛津版）

ENGLISH初一系列资料（沪教牛津版） Chapter1 There be句型 考频分析 There be句型是中考英语句法的重要模块，考频占句法总量的15%左右，主要分布在单项选择(1-2题)、 完形填空(1-2题)、语法填空(1-2题)等题型中。在语境理解类题目中，There be句型的主谓一致、时 态及就近原则往往是解题关键。 考查内容 中考对There be句型的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·基本结构与主谓一致：肯定句、否定句、疑问句的构成，be动词(is/are/was/were)与主语单复数及时 态的匹配； ·就近原则：多个并列主语时，be动词形式由最靠近的主语的单复数决定； ·特殊句式与语境应用：There be句型与have/has的用法区别，结合时间状语（如now,yesterday,to- morrow)的时态变化及场景表达。 精讲精练 知识点一：There be句型的基本结构及用法 ·基本结构（表示”某地某时有某物”） -肯定句：There+be动词(is/are/was/were)+主语+地点I时间状语 *例句：There is a book on the desk.(主语为单数，be动词用is)口There are two cats in the garden..(主语为复数，be动词用are) -否定句：There+be动词+not+主语+地点时间状语 *例句：There isn't a computer in the room.(在is后加not构成否定) 一疑问句：Be动词+there+主语+地点时间状语？ *例句：Are there any students in the classroom？(将are提到there前构成疑问) ·be动词的单复数规则（遵循”就近原则”） 一当主语有多个时，be动词的形式由最靠近它的主语单复数决定 *例句：口There is a pen and two pencils in the pencil--case.(靠近be动词的主语apen为单数，用 is)口There are two pencils and a pen in the pencil--case.(靠近be动词的主语two pencils为复 数，用are) ·时态变化 -一般现在时：There is/are.. *例句：There are many trees in the park. -一般过去时：There was/were. *例句：There was a football match yesterday.(主语为单数，be动词用was的过去式) 【即学即练】 1.【基本结构】There be句型否定句的构成是在be动词后加？ A.not B.no C./ D.donot 2.【就近原则】There_(be)a pen and two books on the desk.请填写正确的be动词形式： 3.【时态变化】There_(be)a party here last night..请填写正确的be动词形式： A.is B.are C.was D.were 4.【疑问句结构】There are some apples on the tree.改为一般疑问句： 5.【否定句结构】There is a computer in the room.改为否定句： 初一丨英语|沪教牛津版 ENGLISH初一系列资料（沪教牛津版） 知识点二：There be句型的基本结构与用法 ·肯定句（表示“某地/某时有某物煤人”） 1.基本结构：There+be动词(am/is/are/was/were)+主语（名词/名词短语）+地点/时间状语 2.be动词的选择（根据主语单复数及时态）： -一般现在时：主语单数不可数名词用is;主语复数用are;主语是I用am(仅There am..结构极 罕见，初中阶段重点掌握is/are) -一般过去时：主语单数/不可数名词用was;主语复数用were 3.例句： -口There is a book on the desk.(现在时，主语单数a book,用is) -·There are two cats in the garden.(现在时，主语复数two cats,用are) -口There was a party here last night..(过去时，主语单数a party,用was) -口There were many students in the classroom yesterday..(过去时，主语复数many students,用 were) ·否定句（在be动词后加not) 1.结构：There+be动词+not+主语+地点/时间状语 2.缩写形式：is nots=isn't;are not=-aren't;was not:=wasn't;were not=weren't 3.例句： -There isn't a computer in my room.(现在时，主语单数，is+not:=isn't) -口There aren't any apples on the tree.(现在时，主语复数，are+not:=aren't;any用于否定句) -口There wasn't a park here10 years ago.(过去时，主语单数，was+not=wasn't) ·疑问句（将be动词提到there前） 1.一般疑问句结构：Be动词+there+主语+地点/时间状语？（肯定回答：Yes,there is/are/was/were. 否定回答：No,there isn't/aren't/wasn't/weren't.) 2.特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词(How many/What等)+be动词+there+地点时间状语？ 3.例句： -d一Is there a library near your school'?(现在时，be动词is提前)一Yes,there is.No,there isn' t. -口How many birds are there in the tree?(特殊疑问词How many+复数名词birds,be动词用are) -口Were there any shops on this street last year?(过去时，be动词were提前) ·就近原则（当主语有多个且并列时，be动词与最近的主语保持一致） -例句： *☐There is a pen and two pencils in the pencil-box.(最近主语apen是单数，用is) *口There are two pencils and a pen in the pencil-box.(最近主语two pencils是复数，用are) *☐There was a teacher and some students in the office just now.(最近主语a teacher是单数，用 was) ·常见错误提醒 1.不可与have/has混用：There be表示“存在有”，have/has表示“拥有”，如： -There has a dog in the house.(应改为There is a dog..或The house has a dog..) 2.主语后的地点状语不可省略（除非上下文明确），如： -There is a book.(应补充地点，如There is a book on the table.) 知识点三：There be句型 ·基本结构（中考核心） -肯定句：There+be动词(is/are/was/were)+主语+地点/时间状语 *→例句1（一般现在时）：There is a book on the desk.(桌子上有一本书。) *→例句2（一般过去时）：There were two cats in the garden yesterday.(昨天花园里有两只猫。) -否定句：There+be动词+not+主语+地点时间状语 *→例句1：There isn't a computer in my bedroom.(我的卧室里没有电脑。) *→例句2：There weren't any students in the classroom just now.(刚才教室里设有学生。) -一般疑问句：Be动词+there+主语+地点时间状语？ *→例句1：Is there a park near your home?(你家附近有公园吗) *→例句2：Vere there many people at the party last night?(昨晚聚会上有很多人吗？) ·be动词的选择（中考必背） 1.单数主语/不可数名词→用is/was -→例句：There is some milk in the glass.(杯子里有一些牛奶。) 2.复数主语→用are/were -→例句：There are three apples in the basket.(篮子里有三个苹果。) 3.并列主语（就近原则）：be动词与最近的主语保持一致 -→例句1：There is a pen and two pencils in the pencil--box.(文具盒里有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。) -→例句2：There are two boys and a girl in the photo.(照片里有两个男孩和一个女孩。) ·常见时态与句式拓展（中考常考） -现在完成时：There has/have been+主语+地点状语 *→例句：There has been a big change in our city since2020.(2020年以来，我们的城市发生了 巨大变化。) -情态动词：There+情态动词+be+主语 *→例句：There must be something wrong with the machine.(这台机器一定出故障了。) -特殊疑问句（对数量提问）：How many/much+名词+be there..？ *→例句1：How many students are there in your classt?(你们班有多少学生？) *→例句2：How much water is there in the bottle？(t瓶子里有多少水？) 初一丨英语|沪教牛津版 ENGLISH初一系列资料（沪教牛津版） 考法一：be动词的单复数及时态选择 ·核心l:根据主语的单复数、时态标志词或上下文语境，选择正确的be动词形式(is/are/was/were) ·真题1（语法填空）： There_(be)a football match on TV yesterday evening. 一答案：was解析：由时间标志词“yesterday evening'”可知用一般过去时；主语“a football match” 为单数，be动词用was。 ·真题2（单项选择）： There-two cats and a dog in the room now. A.is Bare C was D were -答案：B解析：由时间标志词“now”可知用一般现在时；主语为“two cats and a dog'”,根据就近 原则，靠近be动词的“two cats'”为复数，be动词用are。 考法二：be动词选择与就近原则综合运用 ·核心：结合主语单复数、时态及并列主语的就近原则，选择正确的be动词形式 ·真题1（语法填空）： There_(be)a pen,two rulers and some books on the desk just now. -答案：was解析：由时间标志词“just now”可知用一般过去时；并列主语中最靠近be动词的“apen” 为单数，根据就近原则，be动词用was。 ·真题2（单项选择）： -There_some milk and apples in the fridge yesterday. A.is B are C was D were -答案：C解析：由时间标志词“yesterday'”可知用一般过去时；并列主语中最靠近be动词的“some milk”为不可数名词，根据就近原则，be动词用was。 考法三：There be句型的综合运用（时态、否定疑问转换及就近原则） ·核心：结合一般现在时/过去时，正确运用be动词单复数规侧（含就近原则），掌握否定句与疑问句的转 换及回答 ·真题1（单项选择）： --there any milk and eggs in the fridge this morning? A.Is B Are C Was D Were -答案：C解析：根据时间状语this morning'”可知用一般过去时，主语包含“milk(不可数名词)”和 “eggs(复数名词)”，遵循就近原则，靠近be动词的“mik”为不可数名词，be动词用was。 ·真题2（语法填空）： There_(be)a football match and two basketball games on TV yesterday.Many students watched them. 一答案：was解析：根据时间状语“yesterday”可知用一般过去时，主语包含“a football match(单数)” 和“two basketball games(复数)”，遵循就近原则，靠近be动词的“a football match”为单数，be 动词用was。 解题小妙招 There be解题妙招 时态判断看标志，没有标志品语境； 主语单复要分明，就近原则优先行； 单数is/was复数are/were,时态单复两对应； 一般现在is/are,一般过去was/were; 并列主语看最近，靠近be的定单复； 否定not加be后，疑问be动词放句首。 初一|英语|沪教牛津版 ENGLISH初一系列资料（沪教牛津版） 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题） 1.There_a book and two pens on the desk now. A.is Bare C was D were 2.There _some milk in the glass just now. A.is Bare C was D were 3.there any students in the classroom yesterday? A.Is B Are C Was D Were 4.There_two cats and a dog in the garden last night. A.is B are C was D were 5.There__a football match on TV tomorrow evening. A.is Bare C will be D was 6.How many trees_there in the park? A.is Bare C was D were 7.There_a pen,three books and a bag on the table. A.is Bare C was D were 8.-there a library near your school? A.Is BAre C Was D Were 9.There_no water in the bottle yesterday. A.is B are C was D were 10.There_some apples and a banana in the basket now. A.is Bare C was D were 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.There_(be)a cat under the chair just now. 2.There_(be)two books and a pen on the desk now. 3.There_(not be)any students in the classroom yesterday. 4.-(be)there a park near your home? 5.There_(be)some milk in the glass. 6.There_(be)three boys and a girl in the room yesterday. 7.There_(not be)a computer in my room 5 years ago. 8.How many desks_(be)there in your classroom? 9.There_(be)a football match on TV last night 10.There_(be)two dogs and a cat in the garden now. 演练三：语法填空（共10空） My hometown is a small village.Ten years ago,there_(1)only one school here.There_(2)no tall buildings,and there_(3)a small river behind the village.Many children_(4)play in the river in summer. Now,great changes have happened.There_(5)two schools and a big hospital now.There_(6)many tall buildings,and there_(7)a new park near the village.There_(8)some beautiful flowers and trees in the park.Every weekend,there _(9)many people walking or playing there. Last Sunday,I went back to my hometown.I saw there_(10)a party in the park.All the villagers were very happy. 答案 演练一：单项选择 1.A2.C3.D4.D5.C6.B7.A8.A9.C10.B 演练二：填空试题 1.was 2.are 3.weren't 4.Is 5.is 6.were 7.wasn't 8.are 9.was 10.are 演练三：语法填空 1.was 2.were 3.was 4.would 5.are 6.are 7.is 8.are 9.are 10.was 初一|英语|沪教牛津版