Unit 2 Culture shock 人与社会：教育交流及文化差异（话题阅读精练）英语沪教牛津版九年级下册

Unit 2 Culture shock 人与社会：教育交流及文化冲击 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文 阅读 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 240 主要讲述了丹麦哥本哈根绿色自由学校的特色：无课桌、黑板和考试，学生大量时间在户外学习。 Passage B 阅读理解 记叙文 295 讲述了美国加利福尼亚的学生Ian Sierra参加中国教育文化交流项目的经历，包括他的感受、收获以及未来计划的变化。 真题 示例 Passage A 完形填空 说明文 259 介绍了West County Mandarin School的发展历程，包括招生增长、课程扩展以及组织中国文化交流活动的情况。 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 307 主要介绍了许多人移居国外后会经历的“文化冲击”的四个阶段及如何处理这一问题。 模拟 演练 Passage A 完形填空 记叙文 220 作者通过自身学习多门语言的经历，阐述了从错误中学习的重要性。 Passage B 阅读理解 应用文 215 应用文，主要介绍了Camp Brown Hawk夏令营的活动内容、费用、年龄要求等信息。 Passage C 阅读理解 说明文 309 主要介绍了中国武术、中国美食和中国传统节日等文化元素在全球的传播与受欢迎程度。 Passage D 六选五 说明文 256 讲述了文化冲击（Culture shock）的定义、影响及应对方法。 Passage E 阅读回答问题 议论文 335 主要介绍了中国学生出国留学的现状、传统留学国家、出国留学的优势和劣势等内容。 时文阅读 时文阅读 Passage A At the Green Free School in Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark, the subject of education is very special. There are no desks, no blackboards, and no exams. Students spend a lot of time studying outdoors. When the bell rings, a group of 12 children sit m a circle. Children close their eyes instead of rushing off to the next lesson. “Raise your hands when you can’t hear a sound any longer,” their teacher says, ringing a bell for a few seconds. Then they raise their hands one by one. “I’ve been learning how to travel around the world in a respectful way. For me, it is important to create a school that takes into account the green transition (转型) we are going through,” said Phie Ambo, who founded the school in 2014. There are about 200 students in the school now. According to Ambo, some parents are here because of the green transition. Some people come here because the school is small and they want to build closer ties with the whole school community. “In Denmark, we have some super schools with thousands of kids, and a lot of people are uncomfortable with that,” explained Ambo. The school not only provides healthy food, but also allows children to bring along whatever they want to eat. “It’s about showing our kids that the whole green transition can be fun and nice, rather than doing nothing,” said Ambo. 1．What do we know about students at the Green Free School? A．They are good at gardening. B．They take a test once a month. C．They don’t have any classrooms. D．They stay outside most of the time. 2．What does paragraph 2 describe? A．The beauty of the school. B．The green transition of the school. C．One of the teachers at the school. D．One of the classes at the school. 3．Which question does paragraph 4 try to answer? A．Why did Ambo start the school? B．Why do parents choose the school? C．What challenges is the school facing? D．What lessons do children learn at the school? 4．What does the Green Free School want to do? A．To encourage students to learn from each other. B．To help students develop interests and hobbies. C．To prepare students for the green transition. D．To tell students to live happily and healthily. 长难句解析 原句：（第三段1~2句）“I’ve been learning how to travel around the world in a respectful way. For me, it is important to create a school that takes into account the green transition (转型) we are going through,” said Phie Ambo, who founded the school in 2014.   译文：“我一直在学习如何以一种尊重的方式环游世界。对我来说，创办一所考虑到我们正在经历的绿色转型的学校很重要，”2014年创办这所学校的菲·安博说。 分析：这是一个直接引语的句子。直接引语部分包含两个句子。第一个句子中，I是主语，’ve been learning是谓语，how to travel around the world in a respectful way是“疑问词 + 不定式”结构作宾语；第二个句子中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是to create a school... ，that takes into account the green transition we are going through是定语从句，修饰先行词school，其中we are going through是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰transition；who founded the school in 2014是定语从句，修饰先行词Phie Ambo。 长难句解析 1. 原句： （第4段第2句）Some people come here because the school is small and they want to build closer ties with the whole school community. 译文：有些人来这里是因为学校规模小，而且他们想与整个学校社区建立更紧密的联系。 2. 分析：这是一个复合句。Some people是主语，come是谓语，here是宾语，because引导原因状语从句。在原因状语从句中，由and连接两个并列的句子the school is small和they want to build closer ties with the whole school community。 译文 1. 在丹麦首都哥本哈根的绿色自由学校，其教育方式十分独特。这里没有课桌，没有黑板，也没有考试。学生们大部分时间都在户外学习。 铃声响起时，12个孩子围成一圈坐下。孩子们闭上眼睛，而不是匆忙赶去上下一节课。“当你再也听不到声音时就举手。”老师说着，摇了几秒钟铃铛。然后孩子们一个接一个地举起了手。 “我一直在学习如何以一种尊重自然的方式环游世界。对我来说，创办一所能考虑到我们正在经历的绿色转型的学校很重要。”2014年创办这所学校的菲伊·安博说。 现在这所学校大约有200名学生。据安博说，一些家长把孩子送到这里是因为绿色转型。还有些人选择这里是因为学校规模小，他们希望与整个学校社区建立更紧密的联系。“在丹麦，我们有一些容纳数千名学生的大型学校，很多人对那种学校不太适应。”安博解释道。 这所学校不仅提供健康的食物，还允许孩子们自带想吃的东西。“这是为了让我们的孩子们明白，整个绿色转型过程可以是有趣和美好的，而不是无所作为。”安博说。 Passage B In 2024, a group of students from a school in California, United States, went on an educational and cultural exchange journey in three cities in China: Beijing, Suzhou, and Shanghai. For Ian Sierra, a boy in the group, this was his first time traveling abroad, and he felt nervous before the trip. “I should behave well, because every move is the image (形象) of the whole group, my school, and my country.” During the trip, Sierra and his friends were excited that they opened their minds, tried new things, and talked with Chinese people actively. Sierra visited places of interest and tried local food, but the part he liked best about the trip was the exchange and homestay (家庭寄宿) program at Beijing No.4 High School International Campus (BHSFIC), where he spent over two days. “My homestay partner, his parents, and everyone else were very welcoming and kind. I felt like I had become part of an interconnected (有联系的) community,” he said. For Sierra, the weeklong trip even influenced his plan for the future job. “I used to consider becoming a math teacher in the US. Now I’m planning to work in Beijing or Shanghai.” Gong Siyong, a student at BHSFIC and Sierra’s homestay partner, said that an exchange experience was very surprisingly different from simply touring a country. “Through our time together, I’ve come to realize the students from both schools have their different personalities (性格) and qualities (品质). We have more similarities than differences, and those differences can be understood,” said Gong. Sierra kept his new plan after coming back home and he wanted to be an English teacher. He was thankful for the trip and wanted to travel to China again. He and Gong still talked through WeChat. 1．Where is Ian Sierra from? A．Suzhou. B．Beijing. C．California. D．Shanghai. 2．Which part did Sierra like best about the trip? A．Trying some local food. B．Traveling alone in China. C．Visiting many places of interest. D．Joining an exchange and homestay program. 3．What was Gong Siyong’s idea about the differences among students from the two schools? A．He found there was no difference at all. B．He thought there were too many differences. C．He respected the differences and tried to find more similarities. D．He thought it was difficult to accept the differences though he tried hard. 4．How did Sierra’s feelings change before, during and after the trip? A．Nervous→excited→thankful. B．Excited→surprised→thankful. C．Excited→thankful→surprised. D．Nervous→surprised→thankful. 5．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．Sierra’s friends behaved well in China. B．The exchange students stayed in Beijing for a week. C．Sierra’s new plan was to be an English teacher in China. D．Gong Siyong and Sierra met again in Beijing after the trip. 长难句解析 原句：（第3段第1句）During the trip, Sierra and his friends were excited that they opened their minds, tried new things, and talked with Chinese people actively. 译文：在旅行期间，西拉和他的朋友们很兴奋，因为他们开阔了眼界，尝试了新事物，并积极地与中国人交谈。 分析：本句中During the trip是时间状语，Sierra and his friends是主语，were是系动词，excited是表语。that引导原因状语从句，在从句中they是主语，opened their minds、tried new things和talked with Chinese people actively是并列的谓语结构。 译文 2. 2024年，美国加利福尼亚州一所学校的一群学生在中国的三个城市——北京、苏州和上海开启了一场教育文化交流之旅。 3. 对于团队中的男孩伊恩·西拉来说，这是他第一次出国旅行，出发前他感到很紧张。“我应该表现好点，因为我的一举一动都代表着整个团队、我的学校和我的国家的形象。” 4. 旅行期间，西拉和他的朋友们都很兴奋，他们开阔了眼界，尝试了新事物，还积极地与中国人交流。西拉游览了名胜古迹，品尝了当地美食，但他这次旅行中最喜欢的部分是在北京四中国际校区为期两天多的交流和家庭寄宿项目。“我的寄宿家庭伙伴、他的父母以及其他所有人都非常热情友好。我感觉自己已经成为了这个有联系的社区的一部分。”他说道。对西拉而言，这次为期一周的旅行甚至影响了他未来的职业规划。“我过去想在美国成为一名数学老师。现在我打算在北京或上海工作。”北京四中国际校区的学生龚思勇是西拉的寄宿家庭伙伴，他说交流体验和单纯游览一个国家非常不同。“通过我们在一起的时光，我逐渐意识到两所学校的学生有着不同的性格和品质。我们的相似之处多于不同之处，而且那些不同是可以被理解的。”龚思勇说。 5. 西拉回国后仍坚持着他的新计划，他想成为一名英语老师。他很感激这次旅行，还想再次来中国。他和龚思勇仍然通过微信保持联系。 真题示例 Passage A （2025·安徽·中考真题）West County Mandarin School was started by Eric Peterson in 2017. To get its first 1 , Peterson personally introduced the school to parents at local shopping centers. From his efforts, the number of students has grown to 530 this year. “We’ve seen a growing 2 in learning Chinese. More students are 3 next fall. We plan to offer two more 4 ,” says Peterson. To provide cultural experiences, Peterson began organizing trips to China in 2018. He recently 5 from taking 50 students on a cultural tour around Beijing. During their 6 last month, students lived with local Chinese families. “The families are really 7 and treated our students well,” says Peterson. “These 8 open students’ eyes to China’s rapid development. Parents find them 9 for their children’s future. We keep costs manageable so more families can 10 such journeys,” says Peterson. “We’re planning another for this summer.” 1．A．students B．teachers C．cleaners D．cooks 2．A．difficulty B．interest C．trust D．block 3．A．protected B．surveyed C．expected D．separated 4．A．classes B．websites C．prizes D．messages 5．A．moved B．hidden C．returned D．awoken 6．A．discussion B．match C．service D．visit 7．A．healthy B．nice C．professional D．modern 8．A．victories B．interviews C．experiences D．competitions 9．A．sudden B．helpful C．strange D．natural 10．A．check B．cancel C．record D．afford 长难句解析 原句：(第1段第2句)To get its first students, Peterson personally introduced the school to parents at local shopping centers. 译文：为了招收第一批学生，彼得森亲自在当地购物中心向家长们介绍这所学校。 分析：本句中To get its first students是动词不定式作目的状语；Peterson是主语，personally是副词作状语修饰谓语动词introduced，introduced是谓语，the school是宾语，to parents是间接宾语，at local shopping centers是地点状语。 译文 6. West County Mandarin School由埃里克·彼得森于2017年创办。为了招收第一批学生，彼得森亲自到当地购物中心向家长们介绍这所学校。通过他的努力，今年学生人数已增长到530人。彼得森说：“我们发现人们学习中文的兴趣日益浓厚。预计明年秋天会有更多学生入学。我们计划再开设两个班级。” 7. 为了提供文化体验，彼得森于2018年开始组织前往中国的旅行。他最近刚带着50名学生进行了一次环绕北京的文化之旅后归来。上个月访问期间，学生们与当地的中国家庭住在一起。彼得森说：“这些家庭真的很友好，对我们的学生照顾得很好。” 8. 彼得森说：“这些经历让学生们看到了中国的快速发展。家长们认为这些经历对孩子的未来有帮助。我们控制成本，让更多家庭能够负担得起这样的旅程。我们正在计划今年夏天再组织一次。” Passage B （2024·山东东营·二模）Most people who move to a foreign country may experience a period of time when they miss their hometown so much and have a lot of stress. This feeling is often called “culture shock”. It is important to understand it and learn how to deal with it if you want to adapt successfully to your new home’s culture. Generally speaking, there are four stages (阶段) that you will experience after you move to a foreign country. The first stage is usually referred to (称为) as the “excitement” stage. When arriving in a new environment, you’ll be interested in the new culture. Everything will seem exciting and everyone will seem friendly. But it won’t be long before you move from the “excitement” stage to the second stage— “stress” stage. It seems that everything is difficult. The language is hard to learn, friends are difficult to make, and even simple things like shopping have become a challenge. You are likely to feel worried and homesick (想家的) at this stage. This is the stage which is referred to as “culture shock. ” However, culture shock doesn’t last for very long. If you are one of those who manage to overcome it, you’ll move to the “recovery” stage. At this stage, you start to understand and accept the way things are done and the way people behave in your new environment. The last stage is the “home” stage. This is the stage when you start to feel at home in the new culture. You start to learn from your new home and like some aspects (方面) of the new culture better than those of your own culture. Culture shock is normal. Everyone in a new situation will go through some form of it. Continue to be brave! And overcoming culture shock will be a piece of cake. 1．The underlined word “adapt” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________. A．Get used to B．Hear from C．Look forward to D．Grow up 2．At the “excitement’’ stage, people will ________. A．find the new culture is hard to accept B．miss their family and friends very much C．begin to understand what culture shock is D．have a good impression (印象) of the new culture 3．In which stage will people feel the most uncomfortable? A．“excitement” stage. B．“stress” stage. C．“recovery” stage. D．“home” stage. 4．Tony went to study in Germany. Put the following in the correct order according to the article. ①He couldn’t understand German very well in class. ②After half a year’s hard work, he overcame his language problems. ③The university campus of Germany was amazing. ④He was more independent and loved to spend time with his German friends. A．①②③④ B．②④③① C．③①②④ D．④②③① 5．The passage mainly tells us ________. A．culture shock usually lasts for long B．why people have culture shock and how to deal with it C．not everyone in a new environment can experience ‘‘culture shock’’ D．in the “home” stage, you will learn the way people behave in your new environment 长难句解析 原句：（第1段第1句）Most people who move to a foreign country may experience a period of time when they miss their hometown so much and have a lot of stress. 译文：大多数搬到外国的人可能会经历一段时间，在这段时间里他们非常想念家乡，并且承受着很大的压力。 分析：本句是主从复合句。Most people是主语，may experience是谓语，a period of time是宾语。who move to a foreign country是定语从句，修饰先行词people；when they miss their hometown so much and have a lot of stress也是定语从句，修饰先行词a period of time。 长难句解析 原句：（第1段第2句）It is important to understand it and learn how to deal with it if you want to adapt successfully to your new home’s culture. 译文：如果你想成功适应新家的文化，理解它并学习如何应对它是很重要的。 分析：分析：本句是主从复合句。It是形式主语，真正的主语是to understand it and learn how to deal with it。if you want to adapt successfully to your new home’s culture是条件状语从句。is important是系表结构。 【核心词汇】 1. ①foreign adj. 外国的 ②culture n. 文化 ③shock n. 冲击；震惊（culture shock 文化冲击） ④adapt v. 适应 ⑤stage n. 阶段 ⑥excitement n. 兴奋；激动 ⑦stress n. 压力 ⑧environment n. 环境 ⑨friendly adj. 友好的 ⑩difficult adj. 困难的 ⑪language n. 语言 ⑫homesick adj. 想家的 ⑬overcome v. 克服 ⑭recovery n. 恢复 ⑮accept v. 接受 ⑯behave v. 表现 ⑰normal adj. 正常的 ⑱situation n. 情况；处境 ⑲continue v. 继续 ⑳aspect n. 方面 译文 9. 大多数移居到外国的人可能会经历一段时间，在这段时间里他们非常想念家乡，并且承受着很大的压力。这种感觉通常被称为“文化冲击”。如果你想成功适应新居住地的文化，理解它并学会如何应对它是很重要的。 一般来说，移居到外国后你会经历四个阶段。第一阶段通常被称为“兴奋”阶段。当到达一个新环境时，你会对新文化产生兴趣。一切似乎都令人兴奋，每个人似乎都很友好。 但不久之后，你就会从“兴奋”阶段进入第二阶段——“压力”阶段。似乎一切都变得困难起来。语言很难学，朋友很难交，甚至像购物这样简单的事情也成了挑战。在这个阶段，你很可能会感到焦虑和想家。这个阶段就是所谓的“文化冲击”阶段。 然而，文化冲击不会持续很长时间。如果你是那些设法克服它的人之一，你就会进入“恢复”阶段。在这个阶段，你开始理解并接受新环境中做事的方式和人们的行为方式。 最后一个阶段是“融入”阶段。在这个阶段，你开始在新文化中感到自在。你开始从新居住地学习，并且比起自己文化的某些方面，你更喜欢新文化的一些方面。 文化冲击是正常的。处于新环境中的每个人都会经历某种形式的文化冲击。继续勇敢前行！克服文化冲击将轻而易举。 模拟演练 Passage A Over the past 25 years, I’ve studied twenty languages. You might think I’m a 1 language learner, but I’m not. I make plenty of mistakes when learning languages. That’s not really a bad thing. I learn a lot from my 2 . There is a reason behind each one. Understanding these 3 keeps learning exciting. My mother language is French. English was the first foreign language I learned. When I was trying to 4 the language, I often mixed up the vowel sounds (元音). For example, I said “collar” when I 5 “color”. I pronounced the “o” in “posture” like the “o” in “post”. This was because French doesn’t have as many vowel sounds as English. After years of 6 , I now get it right most of the time. When I was learning Spanish, I had 7 with the numbers. Instead of saying the “-enta” ending（as in the Spanish word “cuarenta” for “forty”）, I used “-anta” as the ending. My 8 was using a rule it had learned years before, when I was learning Italian. This is just another classic case of language interference (干扰). Making mistakes is a 9 part of learning. Mistakes also add fun to our language-learning experience. Instead of being 10 of them, try to accept mistakes and learn from them. 1．A．fresh B．gifted C．friendly D．strict 2．A．pictures B．passages C．mistakes D．hobbies 3．A．reasons B．questions C．shapes D．lessons 4．A．take out B．point out C．look up D．pick up 5．A．knew B．led C．painted D．meant 6．A．practice B．research C．trade D．fight 7．A．choice B．advice C．trouble D．action 8．A．body B．brain C．hand D．ear 9．A．private B．separate C．natural D．strange 10．A．lonely B．afraid C．lazy D．crazy Passage B Spend the Summer at Camp Brown Hawk! Camp is located on beautiful Lake Echo! At Camp Brown Hawk, campers will enjoy the chance to make new friends, create happy memories, show their creativity (创造力), and improve their skills in many kinds of areas. From arts, crafts, to field trips, to sports, we offer different kinds of activities that allow your child to have fun in a safe and friendly environment. Under the guidance of our energetic and experienced counselors (辅导员), your child is sure to have an amazing summer here! Counselors lead campers in these activities ● doing sports such as hiking and boating ● doing handicrafts such as making cards and pottery ● doing fun, nature-based science activities ● singing songs around the campfire About Camp Brown Hawk ● We’re 80 years old this year. ● All camp workers are trained and experienced. ● Each cabin (小屋) houses eight boys or girls. ● Kids from ages 6 to 16 are welcome. Fees & Discount (折扣) ● 1 camper: $180 ● 2 or more campers: $160 per child ● Early Bird Discount: Take $15 off per child if you enter by March 31. ● Campers will receive one free shirt. Camp Brown Hawk Office: 32 Lake Road, Echo Valley, CT, 06241 1．What are the campers allowed to do during camping? A．Make a campfire. B．Make cards. C．Swim with others. D．Go fishing. 2．Who can join the camp? A．A boy with his parents. B．A mother of two sons. C．A nine-year-old student. D．A girl aged seventeen. 3．How much should they pay if Peter and his brother Jack enter the camp on March 27th? A．$180. B．$160. C．$320. D．$290. 4．What can we learn about Camp Brown Hawk? A．There are experienced counselors. B．It organizes free camps for young kids. C．It is a young professional organization. D．There are cabins housing 6~16 campers. 5．Where is the passage probably from? A．An art magazine. B．A teen’s newspaper. C．A science magazine. D．A geography textbook. Passage C China is a country with a long history and rich cultural heritage. In recent years, many Chinese cultural elements have been spreading around the world and gaining popularity among people from different countries. One of the most successful examples is Chinese martial arts (武术). Also known as kung fu, it has become a symbol of Chinese culture. Many foreign people are interested in learning kung fu not only because it is a way of self-defense but also because it helps improve physical health and mental concentration. There are many kung fu schools in foreign countries, and some famous kung fu stars like Bruce Lee and Jackie Chan have made great contributions to promoting kung fu around the world. Another popular Chinese cultural element is Chinese cuisine. Chinese food is famous for its rich flavors and diverse styles. Dishes like Peking duck, dumplings and noodles are loved by people in many countries. In many big cities around the world, you can find Chinese restaurants. Some foreign people even learn to cook Chinese food themselves. Chinese food has become a bridge for cultural exchange between China and other countries. Chinese traditional festivals are also being accepted by more and more foreign people. The Spring Festival, for example, is now celebrated in many countries. In some cities, there are dragon dances, lion dances and fireworks displays during the Spring Festival. Foreign people also like to give red envelopes to children, just like Chinese people do. This shows that Chinese festivals are becoming a part of the global cultural celebration. The spread of Chinese cultural elements is not only good for promoting cultural exchange but also helps improve China’s international image. It shows the charm of Chinese culture and makes more people understand China. In the future, more Chinese cultural elements will go global and contribute to building a more harmonious world. 1．Why are foreign people interested in learning Chinese martial arts? A．Only because it is a way of self-defense. B．Only because it helps improve physical health. C．Because it is a way of self-defense and helps improve physical health and mental concentration. D．Because it is easy to learn. 2．Which of the following is a famous Chinese dish? A．Sushi. B．Peking duck. C．Pizza. D．Burger. 3．How do foreign people celebrate the Spring Festival? A．They have dragon dances and lion dances. B．They eat turkey. C．They exchange Christmas gifts. D．They have pumpkin lanterns. 4．What is the benefit of the spread of Chinese cultural elements? A．It helps China make more money. B．It helps promote cultural exchange and improve China’s international image. C．It helps Chinese people learn foreign languages. D．It helps foreign people come to China to work. Passage D Culture shock is the feeling of uncertainty, confusion, or anxiety that people may get when they live in or visit another country that differs from their own. 1 It can undoubtedly influence people’s lives. The following are some ways to deal with culture shock. Have a good understanding of culture and culture shock. There are many factors that make up a culture, including shared beliefs, traditions and morals. 2 It’s because they are surrounded by people with the same beliefs and values, and cultural differences are only clear when you meet someone else’s culture. Keep a journal (日记) of your thoughts. 3 And you are feeling a bit overwhelmed (不知所措的) with the culture there. Rather than giving in to your anxiety, write it out. Write down how you felt at the moment and what troubled you or made you happy that day. You can also put something down if you’re missing anyone from your hometown. 4 Don’t allow yourself to become a recluse (隐居者) during this experience. You can share your feelings and experiences with your relatives and friends. If you are studying abroad and have other classmates who have similar feelings, connect with them as well as with those who are adjusting a bit more easily. Do some things you usually like. Don’t allow the culture shock to occupy your mind. And try to do something interesting to replace a range of negative emotions, including anxiety, sadness, anger, homesickness, and sometimes even depression. 5 Or practice your hobbies like reading and dancing. A．Share your culture. B．Talk to others about your experiences. C．Sometimes such a feeling can be very strong. D．You can watch movies or listen to music that you enjoy. E．Many people don’t realize how culture influences them. F．Perhaps you have recently moved to a new city or country. Passage E 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容回答问题，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。 According to a survey in 2023, China continues to be the country from which the largest number of students studying abroad come. In 2022, the number of students studying abroad reached 661, 200. Know More The traditional countries for studying abroad are the United States, the United Kingdom and Australian, while more and more students choose to study in European countries and those countries along the Belt and Road Initiative. Although studying abroad can bring great benefits (益处), some people think there are some disadvantages. Here are people’s different ideas. Advantages The first advantage of studying abroad is personal growth. The education you gain and the experiences you have will change you for the better. For example, you will certainly become more independent because you will have to deal with all kinds of difficulties by yourself. Another is the chance for cultural exchange. Chinese students can be helpful to improve the friendship between nations. Cooperating with people from different cultural backgrounds helps us see the world from different ways. Finally, China needs more talented young people who are good at languages, have leadership and strong cultural awareness (意识). Students who study abroad will develop such skills and abilities, and these in turn will provide them with better chances to do a great job in the development of our motherland. Disadvantages To begin with, studying abroad costs much more than studying at home and could end up costing most families an arm and a leg. Studying in China is much more convenient and can help save money. Secondly, students must learn how to live in a new environment with poor language skills. Some may meet the culture shock when learning how to behave well. Others might even encounter personal safety problems. In addition, different teaching and learning methods may come as a challenge to many students. A final point is that studying in China also promises a great future. The educational environment in China has improved a lot, with many great universities now available. 1．How many students studying abroad were there in 2022? 2．What are the traditional countries for studying abroad mentioned in the passage? 3．How many advantages of studying abroad are mentioned in the passage? 4．What does the writer want to show us by using “costing most families an arm and a leg”? 5．If possible, do you want to study abroad or study in China? Why? 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Culture shock 人与社会：教育交流及文化冲击 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文 阅读 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 240 主要讲述了丹麦哥本哈根绿色自由学校的特色：无课桌、黑板和考试，学生大量时间在户外学习。 Passage B 阅读理解 记叙文 295 讲述了美国加利福尼亚的学生Ian Sierra参加中国教育文化交流项目的经历，包括他的感受、收获以及未来计划的变化。 真题 示例 Passage A 完形填空 说明文 259 介绍了West County Mandarin School的发展历程，包括招生增长、课程扩展以及组织中国文化交流活动的情况。 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 307 主要介绍了许多人移居国外后会经历的“文化冲击”的四个阶段及如何处理这一问题。 模拟 演练 Passage A 完形填空 记叙文 220 作者通过自身学习多门语言的经历，阐述了从错误中学习的重要性。 Passage B 阅读理解 应用文 215 应用文，主要介绍了Camp Brown Hawk夏令营的活动内容、费用、年龄要求等信息。 Passage C 阅读理解 说明文 309 主要介绍了中国武术、中国美食和中国传统节日等文化元素在全球的传播与受欢迎程度。 Passage D 六选五 说明文 256 讲述了文化冲击（Culture shock）的定义、影响及应对方法。 Passage E 阅读回答问题 议论文 335 主要介绍了中国学生出国留学的现状、传统留学国家、出国留学的优势和劣势等内容。 时文阅读 时文阅读 Passage A At the Green Free School in Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark, the subject of education is very special. There are no desks, no blackboards, and no exams. Students spend a lot of time studying outdoors. When the bell rings, a group of 12 children sit m a circle. Children close their eyes instead of rushing off to the next lesson. “Raise your hands when you can’t hear a sound any longer,” their teacher says, ringing a bell for a few seconds. Then they raise their hands one by one. “I’ve been learning how to travel around the world in a respectful way. For me, it is important to create a school that takes into account the green transition (转型) we are going through,” said Phie Ambo, who founded the school in 2014. There are about 200 students in the school now. According to Ambo, some parents are here because of the green transition. Some people come here because the school is small and they want to build closer ties with the whole school community. “In Denmark, we have some super schools with thousands of kids, and a lot of people are uncomfortable with that,” explained Ambo. The school not only provides healthy food, but also allows children to bring along whatever they want to eat. “It’s about showing our kids that the whole green transition can be fun and nice, rather than doing nothing,” said Ambo. 1．What do we know about students at the Green Free School? A．They are good at gardening. B．They take a test once a month. C．They don’t have any classrooms. D．They stay outside most of the time. 2．What does paragraph 2 describe? A．The beauty of the school. B．The green transition of the school. C．One of the teachers at the school. D．One of the classes at the school. 3．Which question does paragraph 4 try to answer? A．Why did Ambo start the school? B．Why do parents choose the school? C．What challenges is the school facing? D．What lessons do children learn at the school? 4．What does the Green Free School want to do? A．To encourage students to learn from each other. B．To help students develop interests and hobbies. C．To prepare students for the green transition. D．To tell students to live happily and healthily. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了丹麦哥本哈根绿色自由学校的特色：无课桌、黑板和考试，学生大量时间在户外学习。 1．细节理解题。根据“Students spend a lot of time studying outdoors.”可知，学生大部分时间在户外学习。故选D。 2．主旨大意题。通读第二段可知，本段通过“铃声响起，学生围坐闭眼，听铃声举手”的课堂场景描写，具体展示该校的一堂课。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“According to Ambo, some parents are here because of the green transition. Some people come here because…”可知，引用创始人Ambo的解释，来说明家长选择该校的原因。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“The school not only provides healthy food, but also allows children to bring along whatever they want to eat. ‘It’s about showing our kids that the whole green transition can be fun and nice, rather than doing nothing…’”可知，学校的目的是帮助学生为绿色转型做准备。故选C。 长难句解析 原句：（第三段1~2句）“I’ve been learning how to travel around the world in a respectful way. For me, it is important to create a school that takes into account the green transition (转型) we are going through,” said Phie Ambo, who founded the school in 2014.   译文：“我一直在学习如何以一种尊重的方式环游世界。对我来说，创办一所考虑到我们正在经历的绿色转型的学校很重要，”2014年创办这所学校的菲·安博说。 分析：这是一个直接引语的句子。直接引语部分包含两个句子。第一个句子中，I是主语，’ve been learning是谓语，how to travel around the world in a respectful way是“疑问词 + 不定式”结构作宾语；第二个句子中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是to create a school... ，that takes into account the green transition we are going through是定语从句，修饰先行词school，其中we are going through是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰transition；who founded the school in 2014是定语从句，修饰先行词Phie Ambo。 长难句解析 1. 原句： （第4段第2句）Some people come here because the school is small and they want to build closer ties with the whole school community. 译文：有些人来这里是因为学校规模小，而且他们想与整个学校社区建立更紧密的联系。 2. 分析：这是一个复合句。Some people是主语，come是谓语，here是宾语，because引导原因状语从句。在原因状语从句中，由and连接两个并列的句子the school is small和they want to build closer ties with the whole school community。 译文 1. 在丹麦首都哥本哈根的绿色自由学校，其教育方式十分独特。这里没有课桌，没有黑板，也没有考试。学生们大部分时间都在户外学习。 铃声响起时，12个孩子围成一圈坐下。孩子们闭上眼睛，而不是匆忙赶去上下一节课。“当你再也听不到声音时就举手。”老师说着，摇了几秒钟铃铛。然后孩子们一个接一个地举起了手。 “我一直在学习如何以一种尊重自然的方式环游世界。对我来说，创办一所能考虑到我们正在经历的绿色转型的学校很重要。”2014年创办这所学校的菲伊·安博说。 现在这所学校大约有200名学生。据安博说，一些家长把孩子送到这里是因为绿色转型。还有些人选择这里是因为学校规模小，他们希望与整个学校社区建立更紧密的联系。“在丹麦，我们有一些容纳数千名学生的大型学校，很多人对那种学校不太适应。”安博解释道。 这所学校不仅提供健康的食物，还允许孩子们自带想吃的东西。“这是为了让我们的孩子们明白，整个绿色转型过程可以是有趣和美好的，而不是无所作为。”安博说。 Passage B In 2024, a group of students from a school in California, United States, went on an educational and cultural exchange journey in three cities in China: Beijing, Suzhou, and Shanghai. For Ian Sierra, a boy in the group, this was his first time traveling abroad, and he felt nervous before the trip. “I should behave well, because every move is the image (形象) of the whole group, my school, and my country.” During the trip, Sierra and his friends were excited that they opened their minds, tried new things, and talked with Chinese people actively. Sierra visited places of interest and tried local food, but the part he liked best about the trip was the exchange and homestay (家庭寄宿) program at Beijing No.4 High School International Campus (BHSFIC), where he spent over two days. “My homestay partner, his parents, and everyone else were very welcoming and kind. I felt like I had become part of an interconnected (有联系的) community,” he said. For Sierra, the weeklong trip even influenced his plan for the future job. “I used to consider becoming a math teacher in the US. Now I’m planning to work in Beijing or Shanghai.” Gong Siyong, a student at BHSFIC and Sierra’s homestay partner, said that an exchange experience was very surprisingly different from simply touring a country. “Through our time together, I’ve come to realize the students from both schools have their different personalities (性格) and qualities (品质). We have more similarities than differences, and those differences can be understood,” said Gong. Sierra kept his new plan after coming back home and he wanted to be an English teacher. He was thankful for the trip and wanted to travel to China again. He and Gong still talked through WeChat. 1．Where is Ian Sierra from? A．Suzhou. B．Beijing. C．California. D．Shanghai. 2．Which part did Sierra like best about the trip? A．Trying some local food. B．Traveling alone in China. C．Visiting many places of interest. D．Joining an exchange and homestay program. 3．What was Gong Siyong’s idea about the differences among students from the two schools? A．He found there was no difference at all. B．He thought there were too many differences. C．He respected the differences and tried to find more similarities. D．He thought it was difficult to accept the differences though he tried hard. 4．How did Sierra’s feelings change before, during and after the trip? A．Nervous→excited→thankful. B．Excited→surprised→thankful. C．Excited→thankful→surprised. D．Nervous→surprised→thankful. 5．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．Sierra’s friends behaved well in China. B．The exchange students stayed in Beijing for a week. C．Sierra’s new plan was to be an English teacher in China. D．Gong Siyong and Sierra met again in Beijing after the trip. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了美国加利福尼亚的学生Ian Sierra参加中国教育文化交流项目的经历，包括他的感受、收获以及未来计划的变化。 1．细节理解题。根据“a group of students from a school in California”可知，Ian Sierra来自美国加利福尼亚。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“the part he liked best about the trip was the exchange and homestay (家庭寄宿) program”可知，Sierra最喜欢的部分是参与交换和家庭寄宿项目。故选D。 3．观点态度题。根据“We have more similarities than differences, and those differences can be understood”可知，他尊重差异并努力寻找共同点。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“he felt nervous before the trip”可知，Sierra出发前是紧张的；根据“Sierra and his friends were excited”可知，Sierra旅行中是兴奋的；根据“He was thankful for the trip”可知，Sierra回家后是感激的。Sierra的感情变化为Nervous→excited→thankful。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据“Sierra kept his new plan after coming back home and he wanted to be an English teacher.”及前文“Now I’m planning to work in Beijing or Shanghai”可推断，他的新计划是到中国当英语老师。故选C。 长难句解析 原句：（第3段第1句）During the trip, Sierra and his friends were excited that they opened their minds, tried new things, and talked with Chinese people actively. 译文：在旅行期间，西拉和他的朋友们很兴奋，因为他们开阔了眼界，尝试了新事物，并积极地与中国人交谈。 分析：本句中During the trip是时间状语，Sierra and his friends是主语，were是系动词，excited是表语。that引导原因状语从句，在从句中they是主语，opened their minds、tried new things和talked with Chinese people actively是并列的谓语结构。 译文 2. 2024年，美国加利福尼亚州一所学校的一群学生在中国的三个城市——北京、苏州和上海开启了一场教育文化交流之旅。 3. 对于团队中的男孩伊恩·西拉来说，这是他第一次出国旅行，出发前他感到很紧张。“我应该表现好点，因为我的一举一动都代表着整个团队、我的学校和我的国家的形象。” 4. 旅行期间，西拉和他的朋友们都很兴奋，他们开阔了眼界，尝试了新事物，还积极地与中国人交流。西拉游览了名胜古迹，品尝了当地美食，但他这次旅行中最喜欢的部分是在北京四中国际校区为期两天多的交流和家庭寄宿项目。“我的寄宿家庭伙伴、他的父母以及其他所有人都非常热情友好。我感觉自己已经成为了这个有联系的社区的一部分。”他说道。对西拉而言，这次为期一周的旅行甚至影响了他未来的职业规划。“我过去想在美国成为一名数学老师。现在我打算在北京或上海工作。”北京四中国际校区的学生龚思勇是西拉的寄宿家庭伙伴，他说交流体验和单纯游览一个国家非常不同。“通过我们在一起的时光，我逐渐意识到两所学校的学生有着不同的性格和品质。我们的相似之处多于不同之处，而且那些不同是可以被理解的。”龚思勇说。 5. 西拉回国后仍坚持着他的新计划，他想成为一名英语老师。他很感激这次旅行，还想再次来中国。他和龚思勇仍然通过微信保持联系。 真题示例 Passage A （2025·安徽·中考真题）West County Mandarin School was started by Eric Peterson in 2017. To get its first 1 , Peterson personally introduced the school to parents at local shopping centers. From his efforts, the number of students has grown to 530 this year. “We’ve seen a growing 2 in learning Chinese. More students are 3 next fall. We plan to offer two more 4 ,” says Peterson. To provide cultural experiences, Peterson began organizing trips to China in 2018. He recently 5 from taking 50 students on a cultural tour around Beijing. During their 6 last month, students lived with local Chinese families. “The families are really 7 and treated our students well,” says Peterson. “These 8 open students’ eyes to China’s rapid development. Parents find them 9 for their children’s future. We keep costs manageable so more families can 10 such journeys,” says Peterson. “We’re planning another for this summer.” 1．A．students B．teachers C．cleaners D．cooks 2．A．difficulty B．interest C．trust D．block 3．A．protected B．surveyed C．expected D．separated 4．A．classes B．websites C．prizes D．messages 5．A．moved B．hidden C．returned D．awoken 6．A．discussion B．match C．service D．visit 7．A．healthy B．nice C．professional D．modern 8．A．victories B．interviews C．experiences D．competitions 9．A．sudden B．helpful C．strange D．natural 10．A．check B．cancel C．record D．afford 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文介绍了West County Mandarin School的发展历程，包括招生增长、课程扩展以及组织中国文化交流活动的情况。 1．句意：为了招收第一批学生，彼得森亲自在当地购物中心向家长们介绍这所学校。 students学生；teachers老师；cleaners清洁工；cooks厨师。根据“To get its first..., Peterson personally introduced the school to parents at local shopping centers.”可知，学校应是要招收学生。故选A。 2．句意：我们看到学习中文的兴趣日益浓厚。 difficulty困难；interest兴趣；trust信任；block街区，阻碍。根据上文“From his efforts, the number of students has grown to 530 this year.”和下文“More students are...next fall.”可知，学生的数量增加了，应是人们学习中文的兴趣日益浓厚。故选B。 3．句意：预计明年秋天会有更多学生。 protected保护；surveyed调查；expected预计；separated分离。上文提到今年的学生数量有增长，且人们对学习中文的兴趣日益浓厚，结合“More students are...next fall.”可知，此处应是指预计明年秋天会有更多学生。故选C。 4．句意：我们计划再开设两个班。 classes班级；websites网站；prizes奖项；messages消息。根据上文“More students are...next fall.”可知，预计会有更多的学生，所以应该是多开两个班。故选A。 5．句意：他最近带着50名学生完成北京文化之旅后归来。 moved搬家；hidden躲藏；returned回来；awoken醒来。根据“He recently...from taking 50 students on a cultural tour around Beijing.”可知，去北京后回来了。故选C。 6．句意：在上个月的访问期间，学生们与当地的中国家庭同住。 discussion讨论；match比赛；service服务；visit游览，访问。根据上文“taking 50 students on a cultural tour around Beijing”可知，此处指学生们在北京访问/游玩期间。故选D。 7．句意：这些家庭非常友好，对我们的学生照顾得很好。 healthy健康的；nice友好的；professional专业的；modern现代的。根据“and treated our students well,”可知，这些家庭很友好。故选B。 8．句意：这些经历让学生们见识到了中国的快速发展。 victories胜利；interviews采访；experiences经历；competitions竞赛。根据上文“To provide cultural experiences...”可知，此处指学生们在北京访问期间的经历。故选C。 9．句意：家长们认为这些经历对孩子的未来有帮助。 sudden突然的；helpful有帮助的；strange奇怪的；natural自然的。根据“These...open students’ eyes to China’s rapid development. Parents find them...for their children’s future.”可知，孩子们能见识到中国的快速发展，家长们应是觉得这对孩子有帮助。故选B。 10．句意：我们保持成本可控，让更多家庭能够负担得起这样的旅程。 check检查；cancel取消；record记录；afford承担得起。根据“We keep costs manageable so more families can...such journeys,”可知，成本可控，这样更多家庭就能承担得起这样的旅程。故选D。 长难句解析 原句：(第1段第2句)To get its first students, Peterson personally introduced the school to parents at local shopping centers. 译文：为了招收第一批学生，彼得森亲自在当地购物中心向家长们介绍这所学校。 分析：本句中To get its first students是动词不定式作目的状语；Peterson是主语，personally是副词作状语修饰谓语动词introduced，introduced是谓语，the school是宾语，to parents是间接宾语，at local shopping centers是地点状语。 译文 6. West County Mandarin School由埃里克·彼得森于2017年创办。为了招收第一批学生，彼得森亲自到当地购物中心向家长们介绍这所学校。通过他的努力，今年学生人数已增长到530人。彼得森说：“我们发现人们学习中文的兴趣日益浓厚。预计明年秋天会有更多学生入学。我们计划再开设两个班级。” 7. 为了提供文化体验，彼得森于2018年开始组织前往中国的旅行。他最近刚带着50名学生进行了一次环绕北京的文化之旅后归来。上个月访问期间，学生们与当地的中国家庭住在一起。彼得森说：“这些家庭真的很友好，对我们的学生照顾得很好。” 8. 彼得森说：“这些经历让学生们看到了中国的快速发展。家长们认为这些经历对孩子的未来有帮助。我们控制成本，让更多家庭能够负担得起这样的旅程。我们正在计划今年夏天再组织一次。” Passage B （2024·山东东营·二模）Most people who move to a foreign country may experience a period of time when they miss their hometown so much and have a lot of stress. This feeling is often called “culture shock”. It is important to understand it and learn how to deal with it if you want to adapt successfully to your new home’s culture. Generally speaking, there are four stages (阶段) that you will experience after you move to a foreign country. The first stage is usually referred to (称为) as the “excitement” stage. When arriving in a new environment, you’ll be interested in the new culture. Everything will seem exciting and everyone will seem friendly. But it won’t be long before you move from the “excitement” stage to the second stage— “stress” stage. It seems that everything is difficult. The language is hard to learn, friends are difficult to make, and even simple things like shopping have become a challenge. You are likely to feel worried and homesick (想家的) at this stage. This is the stage which is referred to as “culture shock. ” However, culture shock doesn’t last for very long. If you are one of those who manage to overcome it, you’ll move to the “recovery” stage. At this stage, you start to understand and accept the way things are done and the way people behave in your new environment. The last stage is the “home” stage. This is the stage when you start to feel at home in the new culture. You start to learn from your new home and like some aspects (方面) of the new culture better than those of your own culture. Culture shock is normal. Everyone in a new situation will go through some form of it. Continue to be brave! And overcoming culture shock will be a piece of cake. 1．The underlined word “adapt” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________. A．Get used to B．Hear from C．Look forward to D．Grow up 2．At the “excitement’’ stage, people will ________. A．find the new culture is hard to accept B．miss their family and friends very much C．begin to understand what culture shock is D．have a good impression (印象) of the new culture 3．In which stage will people feel the most uncomfortable? A．“excitement” stage. B．“stress” stage. C．“recovery” stage. D．“home” stage. 4．Tony went to study in Germany. Put the following in the correct order according to the article. ①He couldn’t understand German very well in class. ②After half a year’s hard work, he overcame his language problems. ③The university campus of Germany was amazing. ④He was more independent and loved to spend time with his German friends. A．①②③④ B．②④③① C．③①②④ D．④②③① 5．The passage mainly tells us ________. A．culture shock usually lasts for long B．why people have culture shock and how to deal with it C．not everyone in a new environment can experience ‘‘culture shock’’ D．in the “home” stage, you will learn the way people behave in your new environment 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了许多人移居国外后会经历的“文化冲击”的四个阶段及如何处理这一问题。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段“ It is important to understand it and learn how to deal with it if you want to adapt successfully to your new home’s culture.”可知，了解文化冲击并学习如何处理它很重要，即“适应”文化冲击，由此可推知划线部分意为“适应”。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“When arriving in a new environment, you’ll be interested in the new culture. Everything will seem exciting and everyone will seem friendly.”可知，当到达一个新环境时，你会对新文化感兴趣。一切看起来都令人兴奋，每个人都会显得友好，此处表述了对新的文化的好印象。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“But it won’t be long before you move from the “excitement” stage to the second stage—“stress” stage. It seems that everything is difficult.”可知，在这个“压力”阶段，一切都很困难。因此在这个阶段最不舒服。故选B。 4．细节理解题。通读全文可知，首先会经历“兴奋期”，③符合其表现；接着是“压力期”，①符合其表现；再接着是“恢复期”，②符合其表现；最后是“家”时期，④符合其表现，故正确顺序为③①②④。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了许多人移居国外后会经历的“文化冲击”的四个阶段，为何会出现这样的问题及如何处理这一问题。故选B。 长难句解析 原句：（第1段第1句）Most people who move to a foreign country may experience a period of time when they miss their hometown so much and have a lot of stress. 译文：大多数搬到外国的人可能会经历一段时间，在这段时间里他们非常想念家乡，并且承受着很大的压力。 分析：本句是主从复合句。Most people是主语，may experience是谓语，a period of time是宾语。who move to a foreign country是定语从句，修饰先行词people；when they miss their hometown so much and have a lot of stress也是定语从句，修饰先行词a period of time。 长难句解析 原句：（第1段第2句）It is important to understand it and learn how to deal with it if you want to adapt successfully to your new home’s culture. 译文：如果你想成功适应新家的文化，理解它并学习如何应对它是很重要的。 分析：分析：本句是主从复合句。It是形式主语，真正的主语是to understand it and learn how to deal with it。if you want to adapt successfully to your new home’s culture是条件状语从句。is important是系表结构。 【核心词汇】 1. ①foreign adj. 外国的 ②culture n. 文化 ③shock n. 冲击；震惊（culture shock 文化冲击） ④adapt v. 适应 ⑤stage n. 阶段 ⑥excitement n. 兴奋；激动 ⑦stress n. 压力 ⑧environment n. 环境 ⑨friendly adj. 友好的 ⑩difficult adj. 困难的 ⑪language n. 语言 ⑫homesick adj. 想家的 ⑬overcome v. 克服 ⑭recovery n. 恢复 ⑮accept v. 接受 ⑯behave v. 表现 ⑰normal adj. 正常的 ⑱situation n. 情况；处境 ⑲continue v. 继续 ⑳aspect n. 方面 译文 9. 大多数移居到外国的人可能会经历一段时间，在这段时间里他们非常想念家乡，并且承受着很大的压力。这种感觉通常被称为“文化冲击”。如果你想成功适应新居住地的文化，理解它并学会如何应对它是很重要的。 一般来说，移居到外国后你会经历四个阶段。第一阶段通常被称为“兴奋”阶段。当到达一个新环境时，你会对新文化产生兴趣。一切似乎都令人兴奋，每个人似乎都很友好。 但不久之后，你就会从“兴奋”阶段进入第二阶段——“压力”阶段。似乎一切都变得困难起来。语言很难学，朋友很难交，甚至像购物这样简单的事情也成了挑战。在这个阶段，你很可能会感到焦虑和想家。这个阶段就是所谓的“文化冲击”阶段。 然而，文化冲击不会持续很长时间。如果你是那些设法克服它的人之一，你就会进入“恢复”阶段。在这个阶段，你开始理解并接受新环境中做事的方式和人们的行为方式。 最后一个阶段是“融入”阶段。在这个阶段，你开始在新文化中感到自在。你开始从新居住地学习，并且比起自己文化的某些方面，你更喜欢新文化的一些方面。 文化冲击是正常的。处于新环境中的每个人都会经历某种形式的文化冲击。继续勇敢前行！克服文化冲击将轻而易举。 模拟演练 Passage A Over the past 25 years, I’ve studied twenty languages. You might think I’m a 1 language learner, but I’m not. I make plenty of mistakes when learning languages. That’s not really a bad thing. I learn a lot from my 2 . There is a reason behind each one. Understanding these 3 keeps learning exciting. My mother language is French. English was the first foreign language I learned. When I was trying to 4 the language, I often mixed up the vowel sounds (元音). For example, I said “collar” when I 5 “color”. I pronounced the “o” in “posture” like the “o” in “post”. This was because French doesn’t have as many vowel sounds as English. After years of 6 , I now get it right most of the time. When I was learning Spanish, I had 7 with the numbers. Instead of saying the “-enta” ending（as in the Spanish word “cuarenta” for “forty”）, I used “-anta” as the ending. My 8 was using a rule it had learned years before, when I was learning Italian. This is just another classic case of language interference (干扰). Making mistakes is a 9 part of learning. Mistakes also add fun to our language-learning experience. Instead of being 10 of them, try to accept mistakes and learn from them. 1．A．fresh B．gifted C．friendly D．strict 2．A．pictures B．passages C．mistakes D．hobbies 3．A．reasons B．questions C．shapes D．lessons 4．A．take out B．point out C．look up D．pick up 5．A．knew B．led C．painted D．meant 6．A．practice B．research C．trade D．fight 7．A．choice B．advice C．trouble D．action 8．A．body B．brain C．hand D．ear 9．A．private B．separate C．natural D．strange 10．A．lonely B．afraid C．lazy D．crazy 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文中作者通过自身学习多门语言的经历，阐述了从错误中学习的重要性。 1．句意：你可能会认为我是一个有天赋的语言学习者，但我不是。 fresh新鲜的；gifted有天赋的；friendly友好的；strict严格的。根据“Over the past 25 years, I’ve studied twenty languages.”以及“but I’m not. I make plenty of mistakes when learning languages.”可知，此处指有天赋的语言学习者，故选B。 2．句意：我从我的错误中学到了很多。 pictures图片；passages文章；mistakes错误；hobbies爱好。根据“I make plenty of mistakes when learning languages.”以及“There is a reason behind each one. Understanding these...keeps learning exciting.”可知，此处指从错误中学到很多，故选C。 3．句意：理解这些原因让学习保持兴奋。 reasons原因；questions问题；shapes形状；lessons课程。根据前文“There is a reason behind each one”可知，是“原因”。故选A。 4．句意：当我努力学习这门语言时，我经常混淆元音。 take out取出；point out指出；look up查阅；pick up捡起，学会。根据“English was the first foreign language I learned.”以及“the language”可知，此处指努力学习这门语言，pick up符合语境，故选D。 5．句意：例如，当我想说“color”时，我说成了“collar”。 knew知道；led领导；painted绘画；meant意思是。根据“I said ‘collar’ when I...‘color’.”可知，此处指当我想说“color”时，我说成了“collar”，故选D。 6．句意：经过多年的练习，我现在大部分时间都能说对了。 practice练习；research研究；trade贸易；fight打架。根据“After years of...I now get it right most of the time.”可知，此处指经过多年的练习，故选A。 7．句意：当我学习西班牙语时，我在数字方面遇到了困难。 choice选择；advice建议；trouble麻烦；action行动。根据“Instead of saying the ‘-enta’ ending（as in the Spanish word ‘cuarenta’ for ‘forty’）, I used ‘-anta’ as the ending.”可知，此处指在数字方面遇到了困难，have trouble with“在……方面有困难”，故选C。 8．句意：我的大脑使用了多年前学习意大利语时学到的一条规则。 body身体；brain大脑；hand手；ear耳朵。根据“using a rule it had learned years before, when I was learning Italian.”可知，此处指大脑使用了多年前学习意大利语时学到的一条规则，故选B。 9．句意：犯错是学习过程中很自然的一部分。 private私人的；separate分开的；natural自然的；strange奇怪的。根据“Making mistakes is a...part of learning.”可知，此处指犯错是学习过程中很自然的一部分，故选C。 10．句意：不要害怕犯错，试着接受错误并从中学习。 lonely孤独的；afraid害怕的；lazy懒惰的；crazy疯狂的。根据“Instead of being...of them, try to accept mistakes and learn from them.”可知，此处指不要害怕犯错，be afraid of“害怕”，故选B。 Passage B Spend the Summer at Camp Brown Hawk! Camp is located on beautiful Lake Echo! At Camp Brown Hawk, campers will enjoy the chance to make new friends, create happy memories, show their creativity (创造力), and improve their skills in many kinds of areas. From arts, crafts, to field trips, to sports, we offer different kinds of activities that allow your child to have fun in a safe and friendly environment. Under the guidance of our energetic and experienced counselors (辅导员), your child is sure to have an amazing summer here! Counselors lead campers in these activities ● doing sports such as hiking and boating ● doing handicrafts such as making cards and pottery ● doing fun, nature-based science activities ● singing songs around the campfire About Camp Brown Hawk ● We’re 80 years old this year. ● All camp workers are trained and experienced. ● Each cabin (小屋) houses eight boys or girls. ● Kids from ages 6 to 16 are welcome. Fees & Discount (折扣) ● 1 camper: $180 ● 2 or more campers: $160 per child ● Early Bird Discount: Take $15 off per child if you enter by March 31. ● Campers will receive one free shirt. Camp Brown Hawk Office: 32 Lake Road, Echo Valley, CT, 06241 1．What are the campers allowed to do during camping? A．Make a campfire. B．Make cards. C．Swim with others. D．Go fishing. 2．Who can join the camp? A．A boy with his parents. B．A mother of two sons. C．A nine-year-old student. D．A girl aged seventeen. 3．How much should they pay if Peter and his brother Jack enter the camp on March 27th? A．$180. B．$160. C．$320. D．$290. 4．What can we learn about Camp Brown Hawk? A．There are experienced counselors. B．It organizes free camps for young kids. C．It is a young professional organization. D．There are cabins housing 6~16 campers. 5．Where is the passage probably from? A．An art magazine. B．A teen’s newspaper. C．A science magazine. D．A geography textbook. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了Camp Brown Hawk夏令营的活动内容、费用、年龄要求等信息。 1．细节理解题。根据“Counselors lead campers in these activities”部分“doing handicrafts such as making cards and pottery”可知，营员可以参与制作卡片等手工活动。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“About Camp Brown Hawk”部分“Kids from ages 6 to 16 are welcome”可知，6至16岁的孩子可以参加，9岁学生符合年龄要求。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“Fees & Discount”部分“2 or more campers: $160 per child”及“Early Bird Discount: Take $15 off per child if you enter by March 31.”可知，3月27日报名可享受早鸟折扣，两人总费用为 ($160-$15)×2=$290。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“About Camp Brown Hawk”部分“All camp workers are trained and experienced”可知，辅导员经验丰富。故选A。 5．推理判断题。文章是面向青少年的夏令营广告，内容包含活动、费用等实用信息，最可能出现在青少年报纸。故选B。 Passage C China is a country with a long history and rich cultural heritage. In recent years, many Chinese cultural elements have been spreading around the world and gaining popularity among people from different countries. One of the most successful examples is Chinese martial arts (武术). Also known as kung fu, it has become a symbol of Chinese culture. Many foreign people are interested in learning kung fu not only because it is a way of self-defense but also because it helps improve physical health and mental concentration. There are many kung fu schools in foreign countries, and some famous kung fu stars like Bruce Lee and Jackie Chan have made great contributions to promoting kung fu around the world. Another popular Chinese cultural element is Chinese cuisine. Chinese food is famous for its rich flavors and diverse styles. Dishes like Peking duck, dumplings and noodles are loved by people in many countries. In many big cities around the world, you can find Chinese restaurants. Some foreign people even learn to cook Chinese food themselves. Chinese food has become a bridge for cultural exchange between China and other countries. Chinese traditional festivals are also being accepted by more and more foreign people. The Spring Festival, for example, is now celebrated in many countries. In some cities, there are dragon dances, lion dances and fireworks displays during the Spring Festival. Foreign people also like to give red envelopes to children, just like Chinese people do. This shows that Chinese festivals are becoming a part of the global cultural celebration. The spread of Chinese cultural elements is not only good for promoting cultural exchange but also helps improve China’s international image. It shows the charm of Chinese culture and makes more people understand China. In the future, more Chinese cultural elements will go global and contribute to building a more harmonious world. 1．Why are foreign people interested in learning Chinese martial arts? A．Only because it is a way of self-defense. B．Only because it helps improve physical health. C．Because it is a way of self-defense and helps improve physical health and mental concentration. D．Because it is easy to learn. 2．Which of the following is a famous Chinese dish? A．Sushi. B．Peking duck. C．Pizza. D．Burger. 3．How do foreign people celebrate the Spring Festival? A．They have dragon dances and lion dances. B．They eat turkey. C．They exchange Christmas gifts. D．They have pumpkin lanterns. 4．What is the benefit of the spread of Chinese cultural elements? A．It helps China make more money. B．It helps promote cultural exchange and improve China’s international image. C．It helps Chinese people learn foreign languages. D．It helps foreign people come to China to work. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国武术、中国美食和中国传统节日等文化元素在全球的传播与受欢迎程度。文章指出这些文化元素的传播不仅促进了中外文化交流，还提升了中国的国际形象，展现了中国文化的魅力。 1．细节理解题。根据“Many foreign people are interested in learning kung fu not only because it is a way of self-defense but also because it helps improve physical health and mental concentration.”可知，外国人对学习中国武术感兴趣，是因为武术既是一种自卫方式，还能帮助改善身体健康和提升精神专注力。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Chinese food is famous for its rich flavors and diverse styles. Dishes like Peking duck, dumplings and noodles are loved by people in many countries.”可知，北京烤鸭是著名的中国菜肴；而寿司是日本美食，披萨和汉堡是西式食物。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“The Spring Festival, for example, is now celebrated in many countries. In some cities, there are dragon dances, lion dances and fireworks displays during the Spring Festival.”可知，外国人会通过舞龙、舞狮的方式庆祝春节；吃火鸡、交换圣诞礼物是庆祝圣诞节的方式，南瓜灯与万圣节相关。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“The spread of Chinese cultural elements is not only good for promoting cultural exchange but also helps improve China’s international image.”可知，中国文化元素的传播，既有利于促进文化交流，也有助于提升中国的国际形象。故选B。 Passage D Culture shock is the feeling of uncertainty, confusion, or anxiety that people may get when they live in or visit another country that differs from their own. 1 It can undoubtedly influence people’s lives. The following are some ways to deal with culture shock. Have a good understanding of culture and culture shock. There are many factors that make up a culture, including shared beliefs, traditions and morals. 2 It’s because they are surrounded by people with the same beliefs and values, and cultural differences are only clear when you meet someone else’s culture. Keep a journal (日记) of your thoughts. 3 And you are feeling a bit overwhelmed (不知所措的) with the culture there. Rather than giving in to your anxiety, write it out. Write down how you felt at the moment and what troubled you or made you happy that day. You can also put something down if you’re missing anyone from your hometown. 4 Don’t allow yourself to become a recluse (隐居者) during this experience. You can share your feelings and experiences with your relatives and friends. If you are studying abroad and have other classmates who have similar feelings, connect with them as well as with those who are adjusting a bit more easily. Do some things you usually like. Don’t allow the culture shock to occupy your mind. And try to do something interesting to replace a range of negative emotions, including anxiety, sadness, anger, homesickness, and sometimes even depression. 5 Or practice your hobbies like reading and dancing. A．Share your culture. B．Talk to others about your experiences. C．Sometimes such a feeling can be very strong. D．You can watch movies or listen to music that you enjoy. E．Many people don’t realize how culture influences them. F．Perhaps you have recently moved to a new city or country. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．F 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文讲述了文化冲击（Culture shock）的定义、影响及应对方法。 1．根据上文“Culture shock is the feeling”可知，此处继续描述这种感觉，选项C“有时候这种感觉会非常强烈。”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据下文“It’s because they are surrounded by people with the same beliefs and values, and cultural differences are only clear when you meet someone else’s culture.”可知，周围的人都有着相同的信仰和价值观，只有当你遇到其他人的文化时，文化差异才会很明显，所以人们没有意识到文化是如何影响他们的，选项E“许多人没有意识到文化是如何影响他们的。”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据下文“And you are feeling a bit overwhelmed (不知所措的) with the culture there.”可知，搬到了新城市或国家会对那里的文化感到有点不知所措，选项F“也许你最近搬到了一个新的城市或国家。”符合语境。故选F。 4．根据下文“Don’t allow yourself to become a recluse (隐居者) during this experience.”可知，不要封闭自己就是要和他人谈论你的经历，选项B“和别人谈谈你的经历。”符合语境。故选B。 5．根据上文“And try to do something interesting to replace a range of negative emotions”和下文“Or practice your hobbies like reading and dancing.”可知，此处建议做喜欢的事缓解负面情绪，还举例了阅读和跳舞，“看电影或听音乐”与此同类，选项D“你可以看你喜欢的电影或听你喜欢的音乐。”符合语境。故选D。 Passage E 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容回答问题，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。 According to a survey in 2023, China continues to be the country from which the largest number of students studying abroad come. In 2022, the number of students studying abroad reached 661, 200. Know More The traditional countries for studying abroad are the United States, the United Kingdom and Australian, while more and more students choose to study in European countries and those countries along the Belt and Road Initiative. Although studying abroad can bring great benefits (益处), some people think there are some disadvantages. Here are people’s different ideas. Advantages The first advantage of studying abroad is personal growth. The education you gain and the experiences you have will change you for the better. For example, you will certainly become more independent because you will have to deal with all kinds of difficulties by yourself. Another is the chance for cultural exchange. Chinese students can be helpful to improve the friendship between nations. Cooperating with people from different cultural backgrounds helps us see the world from different ways. Finally, China needs more talented young people who are good at languages, have leadership and strong cultural awareness (意识). Students who study abroad will develop such skills and abilities, and these in turn will provide them with better chances to do a great job in the development of our motherland. Disadvantages To begin with, studying abroad costs much more than studying at home and could end up costing most families an arm and a leg. Studying in China is much more convenient and can help save money. Secondly, students must learn how to live in a new environment with poor language skills. Some may meet the culture shock when learning how to behave well. Others might even encounter personal safety problems. In addition, different teaching and learning methods may come as a challenge to many students. A final point is that studying in China also promises a great future. The educational environment in China has improved a lot, with many great universities now available. 1．How many students studying abroad were there in 2022? 2．What are the traditional countries for studying abroad mentioned in the passage? 3．How many advantages of studying abroad are mentioned in the passage? 4．What does the writer want to show us by using “costing most families an arm and a leg”? 5．If possible, do you want to study abroad or study in China? Why? 【答案】1．661, 200./The number of students studying abroad reached 661, 200 in 2022. 2．The United States, the United Kingdom and Australia. 3．Three/3. 4．To show us that studying abroad costs a lot. 5．Study abroad. Because I hope to experience different culture abroad./Because I can develop much skills that I need in the future./Because I will certainly become more independent./…/Study in China. Because I can get better education in China now./Because studying abroad costs a lot./Because the educational environment in China has improved a lot./… 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国学生出国留学的现状、传统留学国家、出国留学的优势和劣势等内容。 1．根据“In 2022, the number of students studying abroad reached 661, 200.”可知，2022年，出国留学的学生人数达到661, 200人。故填661, 200./The number of students studying abroad reached 661, 200 in 2022. 2．根据“The traditional countries for studying abroad are the United States, the United Kingdom and Australian”可知，出国留学的传统国家是美国、英国和澳大利亚。故填The United States, the United Kingdom and Australia. 3．根据“Advantages”下面的“The first advantage…Another is the chance for cultural exchange…Finally”可知，文章共提到三个优势。故填Three/3. 4．根据“To begin with, studying abroad costs much more than studying at home”可知，出国留学的费用比在国内学习高得多，所以划线部分是为了向我们展示出国留学的成本很高。故填To show us that studying abroad costs a lot. 5．开放性试题，言之有理即可，参考答案：Study abroad. Because I hope to experience different culture abroad./Because I can develop much skills that I need in the future./Because I will certainly become more independent./…/Study in China. Because I can get better education in China now./Because studying abroad costs a lot./Because the educational environment in China has improved a lot./… 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $