内容正文:
专题07 代词
目录
01考情剖析·命题前瞻 1
02 思维导图·网络构建 3
03 考点通关·靶向突破 3
一、人称代词 4
1.人称代词形式 4
2.人称代词用法 4
二、物主代词 5
1.物主代词的形式 5
2.物主代词的用法 5
三、反身代词 6
1.反身代词的形式 6
2. 反身代词句法功能 7
3. 反身代词固定搭配 7
四、指示代词 9
五、不定代词 11
1.常见普通不定代词基本用法 11
2.复合不定代词 14
六、相互代词 18
七、疑问代词 18
04 优题精选·练能提分 20
课标要求
复习目标
人称代词
物主代词
反身代词
· 掌握主格、宾格的形式及在句中作主语、宾语的用法
· 区分形容词性、名词性物主代词的形式及用法
· 掌握反身代词的形式,熟悉固定短语
· 掌握some/any、few/a few等不定代词的核心区别及用法
· 掌握复合不定代词的基本用法和易错考点
1. 系统复习并掌握各类代词的用法。
2.. 熟练掌握各类代词的核心规则(如物主代词的搭配、不定代词的区别),规避高频易错点。
3. 运用正确的代词,快速高效解答中考题型。
不定代词
·
疑问代词
· 掌握疑问代词的指代对象(指人 / 指物 / 表所属)
命题预测
代词是中考的必考点之一。主要有以下命题角度:人称代词和物主代词(高频)、反身代词(高频)、普通不定代词和复合不定代词(高频)、疑问代词(高频)、相互代词、it特殊用法(高频)等。
主要在语法选择、语法填空、选词填空等题型中考查。
解题锦囊
锦囊 1:辨 “格” 定形式
主格(作主语):放句首 / 谓语前(如 I, he);
宾格(作宾语):跟动词 / 介词后(如 me, him)。
锦囊 2:分 “物主” 看搭配
形容词性物主代词:后接名词(如 my book);
名词性物主代词:单独用(代 “形物代 + 名词”,如 The pen is mine)。
锦囊 3:记 “反身” 固定搭配
用反身代词需匹配主语(如 myself 对应 I),常搭配短语:by oneself(独自)、enjoy oneself(开心)......
锦囊 4:析 “不定代” 核心差异
some(肯定)/any(否定 / 疑问);few/a few(可数,a few 表肯定);little/a little(不可数,a little 表肯定)......
锦囊 5:抓 “疑问代” 指代对象
指人:who(主)/whom(宾)/whose(所属);指物:what/which
注意:解答代词问题时,首先判断该空在句中的成分(主语 / 宾语 / 定语),接着锁定代词的类别(人称 / 物主 / 反身等),再结合单复数,最终确定正确形式。
代词是用来代替名词的词,也用来代替起名词作用的短语、分句和句子。英语中的代词根据其意义和作用可分为9类:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词、相互代词、关系代词(详情见定从专项)、连接代词(详情见宾语从句专项)。
一、人称代词
1.人称代词形式
人称代词有人称(第一人称、第二人称、第三人称)、数(单数、复数)和格(主格、宾格)的变化。
人称
单/复数
主格
宾格
第一人称
单数
I我
me 我
复数
we我们
us我们
第二人称
单数
you你
you你
复数
you你们
you你们
第三人称
单数
he他
him他
she她
her她
it它
it它
复数
they他(她,它)们
them他(她,它)们
记忆口诀:
人称代词有两格,分为主格和宾格。
主格句中作主语,宾格句中作宾语。
句首、动前用主格,动后、介后用宾格。
2.人称代词用法
功能
类别
位置
例句
作主语
主格
谓语动词前
They play football every afternoon.他们每天下午踢足球。
作宾语
宾格
谓语动词后
He knows her very well.他很了解她。
作宾语
宾格
介词后
My mother is waiting for me at the gate.妈妈正在门口等我。
作表语
宾格
连系动词后
—Who is knocking at the door? 谁在敲门?
—It’s me. 是我。
作同位语
宾格
人称代词后跟同位语
These small desks are for us students. 这些小课桌是给我们学生的。
【易错提醒】
1.人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时,用主格和宾格都可以。
Sam is much taller than I/me. 山姆比我高得多。人称代词并列时的排列顺序。
2.人称代词单数并列作主语时,其顺序为:第二人称→第三人称→第一人称,即you, he/she/it and I(若是承担错误责任,第一人称应当先:第一人称→第二人称→第三人称)。
It was I and John that made her angry. 是我和约翰使她生气了。
3.复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为:第一人称→第二人称→第三人称,即we, you and they。
二、物主代词
1.物主代词的形式
类别
单数
复数
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
形容词性物主代词
My
我的
Your
你的
his / her/ its
他/她/它的
our
我们的
your
你们的
their
他/她/它们的
名词性物
主代词
mine
我的
yours
你的
his/ hers /its
他/她/它的
ours
我们的
yours
你们的
theirs
他/她/它们的
记忆口诀:
物主代词分两家,形、名词性各一家。
his、its无变化,my、mine记牢它。
其余变化规律化,名词性有尾巴(s)。
2.物主代词的用法
(1).形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,只能置于名词前作定语。其人称、数和性别的变化取决于其所指代的名词。
The students are helping the old woman clean her house now.学生们现在正在帮助这个老妇人打扫她的房子。
(2)名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词,名词性物主代词不能用于名词之前,其形式取决于它所指代的名词或代词。通常在句中作主语、宾语、表语成分。
This is not my umbrella. Mine is left on the bus.这不是我的雨伞。我的落在公交车上了。(作主语)
She didn’t take her water bottle. Could she use his?她没带水杯。她能用一下他的吗?(作宾语)
This storybook is mine and that comic book is yours.这本故事书是我的,那本漫画书是你的。(作表语)
(3)在许多固定短语中,形容词性物主代词不可缺少。
change one's mind
改变某人的主意
to one's surprise
令某人吃惊的是
make up one's mind
下定决心
do one's homework
做家庭作业
do/try one's best
尽某人最大的努力
with one's help
在某人的帮助下
lose one's way
迷路
in one’s opinion
在某人看来
save one's life
挽救某人的生命
【易错提醒】
1.形容词性物主代词后可加 own, 也可构成of one's own、on one's own、one's own+名词等结构。
例如:Why not use your own pen?为什么不用你自己的钢笔呢?
I want a car of my own.我想要一辆属于我自己的车。
I can finish the task on my own.我能自己完成任务。
2.形容词性物主代词不可与a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, several等词同时修饰一个名词。
例:×my a book √my book 我的书
三、反身代词
1.反身代词的形式
表示“我(们)自己”“你(们)自己”“他/她/它(们)自己”的代 词称为反身代词。反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词形成互指关系,应在人称、性别和数上面保持一致。
人称
单数
复数
第一人称
myself我自己
ourselves我们自己
第二人称
yourself你自己
yourselves你们自己
第三人称
himself他自己
themselves他们自己
herself她自己
themselves她们自己
itself它自己
themselves它们自己
使用规则:
反身代词的构成
第一、二人称,用形容词性物主代词+self/selves
第三人称,用人称代词的宾格形式+ self/selves。
2. 反身代词句法功能
功能
位置
例句
作宾语
位于动词或介词后
He taught himself English without going to school.
他没上学,自学了英语。
She finished the task by herself.她独自完成了这项任务。
作表语
连系动词后
She is not herself today. Maybe she is ill.
她今天状态不对劲,可能是生病了。
作同位语
名词或代词后
We ourselves solved this difficult problem.我们自己解决了这个难题。
3. 反身代词固定搭配
believe in oneself
相信自己
depend on oneself
依靠某人自己
lose oneself in
陶醉于
relax oneself
使自己放松
dress oneself
自己穿衣服
enjoy oneself
玩得开心
devote oneself(to)
献身于
keep sth.to oneself
保密
help oneself to
请随便用/吃(喝)
by oneself
独自;靠自己
come to oneself
苏醒
behave oneself
举止得体
hurt oneself
伤害某人/自己
say to oneself
自言自语
prove oneself
证明自己
look after oneself
照顾某人自己
teach oneself
自学
smile to oneself
暗自微笑
control oneself
控制自己
cheat oneself
自欺欺人
一、语法选择
1.(2025·广东)With wild imagination, she came up with many new ideas and started to create own dishes.
A.her B.hers C.herself
2.(2025·广州)I took it and swam to the surface. I put on the rock and swam back in.
A.it B.its C.itself D.it’s
3.(2024·广州)“Those are African Penguins. This beach is home.”
A.they B.them C.their D.theirs
4.(2025·广州·二模)Even if others doubt you, you must trust and keep trying.
A.you B.your C.yours D.yourself
5.(2025·广州·二模)Jack focused on goal: reaching the finish line.
A.himself B.he C.him D.his
6.(2025·广东·一模)She felt much better about and got more courage to communicate with others after learning music.
A.she B.herself C.her
7.(2025·广东·一模)A friendly local woman named Liang offered some plum juice (酸梅汁).
A.he B.his C.him
8.(2025·广东·一模)One day, I lost one of my gloves. You gave me one of .
A.you B.your C.yours
9.—Is this your toy car?
—No, it’s not ________. It belongs to ________, my little brother Toby.
A.my; him B.your; his C.my; his D.mine; him
二、选词填空
1.(2024·广东) One of is bike riding, or biking. The biking craze (热潮) is now sweeping through China.(备选词they)
2.(2025·广东·一模) This is why I can beat competitors.”(备选词I)
3.(2025·广东·一模)Each place in China has own dialect. (备选词it)
4.(2025·广东·一模)Reading provides with information about other culture and places of the world.(备选词we)
5.(2025·广东·二模)From herbal tea to these ice creams, Traditional Chinese Medicine is making a necessary part in our daily life. (备选词it)
三、语法填空
1.(2025·深圳·二模)It is a good example of spreading (we) Chinese excellent culture to the world.
2.(2025·深圳·三模)People didn’t eat (they) as other fruits such as apples or bananas. Therefore, they thought the tomato could be a vegetable.
3.(2025·深圳·三模)It is to improve (they) teaching and make sure that students receive a high-quality experience.
4.(2025·深圳·一模)They are all enjoying (they).
5.(2025·深圳·模拟预测)There is nothing new but if you follow at least some of these tips, you can be proud of _________(you) in the protection of the environment.
四、指示代词
指示代词
用法
例句
this
these
1. 指代较近的人/物(单数this,复数these)
2. 指代下文将提到的人/物
1. This is my book.这是我的书。
2. These are apples.这些是苹果。
3. This is what I want to say: we need to work hard.这是我想说的:我们需要努力。
that
those
1. 指代较远的人/物(单数that,复数those)
2. 用于比较级结构,避免重复
1. That is his bike.那是他的自行车。
2. Those are their bags.那些是他们的包。
3. The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai.北京的天气比上海的冷。
it和one
指代同一事物(同类同物)
The book is mine. It is on the desk.这本书是我的,它在桌上。
泛指同类事物中的一个(同类异物)
I don't like this pen. Can I have one?我不喜欢这支笔,能给我一支吗?
it
的
特
殊
用
法
1.作形式主语
① It's + adj. (+for sb.) + to do sth. ② It's + adj. + of sb. + to do sth. ③ It's time to do/for/that...
④ It takes/took (+sb.) + 时间 + to do sth.
① It's important for us to study English.对我们来说学英语很重要。
② It's kind of you to help me.你帮我真是太好了。
③ It's time to go to bed.该睡觉了。
④ It took me 2 hours to finish the homework.我花了2小时完成作业。
2.作形式宾语 代替不定式/从句作真正宾语,用于find/think/make等动词后
I find it easy to learn math.我发现学数学很简单。
He thinks it necessary that we practice more.他认为我们多练习是必要的。
3.it可用来指代上文提到过的事物。
There is a bird in the tree. It is singing loudly.树上有一只鸟,它正在大声鸣叫。
4. 指代身份/性别不清的人
Someone is knocking at the door. Who is it?有人敲门,是谁?
5.指代时间/季节/天气/距离
1. It is 7 o'clock now.现在7点了。
2. It is 500 meters from here to the park.从这里到公园有500米。
【易错提醒】
1.在特殊疑问句的回答中,用it代替this或that;用they代替these或those。
-What's this?这是什么?
-It's a pencil.这是一支铅笔。
2.为了避免重复,that可指代前面提到的可数名词单数或不可数名词,相当于the one;those只能指代可数名词复数,相当于the ones。
The days in summer are longer than those in winter.
夏天的白天比冬天的(白天)长。(此处 those 指代前面提到的The days)
3.打电话时,向对方介绍自己要用“This is...(我是…)”。询问或确认对方是哪一位时,可以说“Who's that?(你是谁?)”或“Ils that...?(你是…吗?)”
•一This is Kate.Who's that?我是凯特,你是谁?
一This is Jim. 我是吉姆。
1.—Excuse me, do you have this book for sale?
—Not yet. But you can check out ________ similar books over there.
A.this B.that C.these D.those
2.—Look! ________ are the Terracotta Warriors (兵马俑), a great wonder of the world.
—Amazing!
A.This B.That C.These D.It
3.—Come to meet my family. ________ is my brother and ________ are my grandparents.
—Hi. Nice to meet you all. I’m Bob.
A.This; this B.This; these C.That; that D.That; those
4. —Someone is knocking on the door.
—________ must be Jim. He is here to give back my bike.
A.He B.This C.It D.They
5. Some students think ________ a waste of time to circle the key words while doing exercises. In fact, it is worth trying.
A.that B.this C.it D.them
五、不定代词
不明确指代某个人、某个事物、某些人、某些事物的代词叫不定代词。不定代词可以代替名称和形容词,表示不同的数量概念。不定代词没有主格和宾格之分,在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语等。
1.常见普通不定代词基本用法
(1)many与much
代词
含义
用法
例句
many
许多
修饰或代替可数名词复数;作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式
The Monkey King has excited the children of China for many years.
美猴王多年来一直使中国的孩子们兴奋不已。
much
许多;大量
修饰或替代不可数名词;作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式
You should learn to relax and not put so much pressure on yourself.
你应该学会放松,不要给自己施加太大的压力。
(2)some与any
some和any都表示“ 一些”, 既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词。
用法
示例
some多用在肯定句中;也可用于表示建议或请求的疑问句中,表示说话人希望得到对方肯定的回答。
I would like some tea or coffee.我想喝一些茶或咖啡。
Could I have some milk,please?我可以喝点牛奶吗?(希望得到肯定回答)
any多用在否定句和疑问句中,用于肯定句时表示“任何一个(些)”。
There isn't any water in the cup.杯子里没有一点儿水。
You can draw with pens of any color.你可以用任何颜色的笔画画。
表示“某一”时,some 相当于 a certain,其后加单数可数名词,暗含不知道、不感兴趣、不重视等含义。
Some person parked his car here.有个人把他的车停在这里。
(3)代词each与限定词every
代词
相同点
不同点
例句
each
each/every+名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式
①可用作代词、形容词,可单独使用;
②强调个体,指两者或两者以上人或事物中的“每一个”;
③可与of连用
Correct the mistakes in each sentence.
纠正每个句子中的错误。
We've bought five basketballs for our club.Each (of them) costs 50 yuan.
我们为我们的俱乐部买了五个篮球。每个花费50元。
every
①仅作定语,不可单独使用;②强调整体,指三者或三者以上的人或事物中的“每一个”;
③不可与of连用
I am going to practice football every day.
我将每天练习足球。
The buses go every 15 minutes.
公共汽车每15分钟开一次。
He spends every spare moment in developing his hobby.
他花每一个空闲时间来发展他的爱好。
(4)both,all,neither,none与either
代词
含义及用法
谓语形式
示例
both
两个都,表肯定含义
复数
Both of the sisters like painting.这对姐妹俩都喜欢画画。
all
三者或三者以上都,表肯定含义
单数/复数
All the flowers in the garden are blooming.花园里所有的花都开了。
All the food is ready for the party.派对的所有食物都准备好了。
neither
两者都不,表否定含义
单数
Neither of the answers is right.这两个答案都不对。
none
三者或三者以上都不,表否定含义
根据指代的名词是否可数或不可数来判断
None of the boys wants to play football today.今天没有一个男孩想踢足球。
None of the milk was left in the bottle.瓶子里一点牛奶都没剩。
either
两者中任意一个,表肯定含义
单数
Either of the two books is suitable for kids.这两本书中任意一本都适合小孩子。
【知识拓展】
1. either和neither还可用作连词。either...or...意为“或者……或者……;要么……要么……”;neither...nor...意为 “既不……也不……”。二者连接主语时,谓语动词在人称和数上要与邻近的主语一致。
Either you or I am wrong.不是你错了就是我错了。
Neither you nor I am wrong. 你没错,我也没错。
2.either可作为副词,意为"也",用于否定句的句末。
He won’ t go and I won’ t go either. 他不去,我也不去。
(5)other, another, others, the other与the others
代词
含义
用法
示例
other
另外的
只作定语,不能单独使用,常与可数名词复数连用
Besides cats,she likes other animals.除了猫,她还喜欢其他的动物。
another
另一个
指三者或三者以上中的任何一个
This cup is broken. Please give me another one.这个杯子破了,请给我另一个。
others
其他的
人或物
非一个整体中剩余的全部,其他的人或物;常用于固定搭配some ...others...
There are many kids in the park. Some are running, and others are playing games.公园里有很多孩子,一些在跑步,另一些在玩游戏。
the other
两者中的另一个
常用于固定搭配one...the other...
I have two pens. One is blue, and the other is black.我有两支钢笔,一支是蓝色的,另一支是黑色的。
the others
其余的人或物
特指在一个整体中剩余的全部;
here are 50 students in our class. 30 are girls, the others are boys.我们班有 50 个学生,30 个是女生,其余的都是男生。
(6)few,a few,little,a little的用法
用法
用于可数名词
用于不可数名词
表示肯定概念
a few虽少,但有几个
a little虽少,但有一点
表示否定概念
few不多,几乎没有
little不多,没有什么
【助记小贴士】
一、语法选择
1.(2025·广州)Among a group of fish and sea animals, I noticed a big shell.
A.other B.others C.another D.the others
2.(2024·广州)These African Penguins are in danger now. But luckily there are still of them left in the world.
A.few B.a few C.little D.a little
3.(2024·广州)One reason is that the penguin eggs are eaten by seabirds and other animals. is that the fishermen in this area catch too many fish.
A.Another B.Other C.Others D.The others
4.(2025·广州·二模)He looked up as information as he could in the library after school.
A.few B.many C.little D.much
5.(2025·广州·一模)Some kernels began to explode (爆开), making us all laugh. Soon, exploded one by one.
A.another B.others C.the other D.other
6.(2025·广州·一模)The woman and had dinner together, celebrating our good luck that night. That day was so special for of us, and it was like Christmas in July.
A.all B.both C.either D.neither
7. There isn’t ________ milk in the fridge. Can you get ________ for me?
A.some; some B.any; any C.any; some D.any; one
8.—Which would you like to drink, Tom, coffee or mango juice?
—________ suit(s) me. I’ll just have water.
A.None B.Both C.Neither D.All
9. There are many national flags on ________ sides of the street during the National Day.
A.both B.all C.either D.neither
10.I don’t often go shopping with my parents because ________ of them is busy with their work.
A.both B.each C.all D.one
2.复合不定代词
由 some-,any-,no-,every-构成的复合不定代词。这些词在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等,作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。注意:由-one和-body 构成的复合不定代词可以互换。
词缀
some-
any-
no-
every-
-one
someone
某人
anyone
任何人
no one
没有人
everyone
每人;人人
-body
somebody
某人
anybody
任何人
nobody
没有人
everybody
每人;人人
-thing
something
某物;某事
anything
任何事
nothing
没有东西
everything
每件事物;一切
2)复合不定代词的用法
分类
用法
示例
some-类
常用于肯定句中,表示 “某人/物”;也可用于疑问句中,表示希望得到对方肯定回答
If you don't know the answer,ask somebody/someone else.
如果你不知道答案,就问问别人。
any-类
常用于否定句、疑问句或 条件句中,表示“某人/物”;也可用于肯定句中,表示“任何人/物”
Anybody can achieve their dreams.
任何人都可以实现他们的梦想。
every-类
可以用于各种句式中表示“所有人/物”,与否定词连用表示部分否定
It’s very easy to buy everything on the Internet.
在网上买到所有的东西都很容易。
no-类
表示没有人或物
Nothing is more important than health.
没有什么比健康更重要。
【易错提醒】
1.形容词修饰复合不定代词时,形容词需要后置。例如:
She has something important to tell you.她有重要的事要告诉你。
Is there anything special in today’s newspaper?今天的报纸上有什么特别的内容吗?
2. 复合不定代词的做主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
Everything is ready for the picnic tomorrow.明天野餐的一切都准备好了。
3.易混警示:everyone与 every one
everyone“每人、人人”只能指人,后面不能跟of短语。
every one“每人、人人,每一个”既可指人也可指物,后面可跟of短语,例如:
❌ Everyone of us is here.
✅ Every one of us is here.
✅Everyone/Every one seeks love and happiness.每个人都追求爱和幸福。
✅Every one of us loves peace.我们每一个人都热爱和平。(句中“Every one”指人 )
✅Every one of the books is interesting.每本书都很有趣。(句中“Every one” 指物 )
一、语法选择
1.(2025·广州)And then I saw moving towards me. It was a shark!
A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
2.(2025·广州·二模)In every smile, every cheer, and every bite of zongzi, there’s that connects the past with the present.
A.anything magical B.magical something C.magical anything D.something magical
3.(2025·广州·一模)When we were enjoying the beautiful sights near the sea, that was bright silver caught my eyes.
A.nothing B.something C.anything D.everything
二、选词填空
1.(2025·广东)For him, city development is not about building new, but about making use of what’s already there in a creative way.
along although beauty because deep enjoy example explore new performance something under
2.(2025·广东·一模)Every student faces the same challenge—exams. Whenever the exam season comes, stress may come along. can avoid it.
for real if listen deal do that we who nobody laugh interest
六、相互代词
相互代词是表示相互关系的代词,主要有 each other和 one another,意为“互相,相互”。相互代词在句中只能作宾语。each other和one another的所有格形式是each other's 和one another's,充当定于成分。
We often help each other/ one another when in trouble.遇到麻烦时,我们常常相互帮助。
They often share each other’s /one another’s joys and sorrows in daily life.
日常生活中他们常常分享彼此的喜怒哀乐。
1. Tom and Jack are good friends. They often help ________.
A.them B.him C.they D.each other
七、疑问代词
用来构成特殊疑问句的代词叫疑问代词。它们一般位于句首。疑问代词包括who、whose、whom、what、which。
代词
用法
例句
Who
表示"谁",可以指代单数和复数名词,在句中作主语、宾语或表语
Who is on duty today? 今天谁值日?
Whom
表示"谁",可以指代单数和复数。whom只能作动词的宾语或介词的宾语,不直接跟在介词后时可用who替换,位于介词后作介词宾语时只能用whom
Whom you were talking to just now? 你刚才和谁说话呢?
Whom/Who did you often play with when you were a child? 小时候你经常和谁玩?
Whose
表示"谁的",既可置于名词前作定语,也可单独使用,在句中常作主语、宾语、定语或表语
Whose iPad is this? 这是谁的iPad? (定语)
Whose is this iPad? 这个iPad是谁的? (表语)
Which
表示"哪一个(些)",既可指人也可指物,可指可数名词单、复数,也可指不可数名词,在句中常作主语、宾语或定语
Which animal do you like best? 你最喜欢哪种动物?
Which is cheaper, this printer or that one? 这台打印机和那台打印机,哪台更便宜?
what
表示"什么",可单独使用,也可放在名词前,既可以指代或修饰不可数名词,也可以指代或修饰可数名词的单、复数。在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语
What makes you love your hometown so much? 是什么使你这么热爱你的家乡?
【易错提醒】which和what的用法辨析
用which提问,指在相当数目的人或物中进行选择,限制在一定的范围内;用what提问,不限制范围。
Which do you like, rice or meat? 你喜欢什么,米饭还是肉?
What do you like? 你喜欢什么?
【知识拓展】 what的常见用法
1. 用于询问职业:What be+主语?或What do/does/did+主语+ do?
What does your father do?=What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的?
2. 用于询问天气或品行:What be+主语+like?
What’ s the weather like? 天气怎么样?
3. 用于询问外貌、长相:What do/does/did+主语+look like?
What does she look like? 她长什么样?
4. 征求对方的意见:What about ...?
What about going out for a movie? 出去看电影怎么样?
1.—________ is the boy with a pair of glasses?
—He’s my brother.
A.Who B.Which C.What D.Where
2. Who are the people in your family and ________ fun things do you spend time on together?
A.what B.which C.whose D.where
一、单项选择
1.(2025·北京)My sister is good at singing. ________ can even sing some French songs.
A.I B.He C.You D.She
2.(2025·天津)________ sister is in the school tennis team. I’m proud of ________.
A.I; she B.I; her C.My; she D.My; her
3.(2025·江苏徐州)Boys, whose jacket is this? Somebody left ________ jacket in the dining room.
A.my B.your C.his D.her
4.(2025·云南)—Is this Li Mei’s volleyball?
—Yes, it’s ________. Look, there is “LM” on it.
A.she B.her C.hers D.herself
5. After several minutes’ thought, the small boy promised me to keep the secret to ______.
A.me B.him C.myself D.himself
6. Now many school uniforms in China are not very different from ________ in the UK or the USA.
A.this B.that C.those D.these
7. — The science class will begin. We only have ________ time left, so we must hurry up.
— Don’t worry! We can go together.
A.a few B.few C.a little D.little
8. The little boy is good at maths, but sometimes he still makes ________ mistakes.
A.a few B.a little C.little D.few
9. —Which book do you prefer, this one or that one?
—________. I like reading novels about history.
A.Both B.Either C.Neither D.None
10.—This shirt is too small for me. Can you give me ________ one?
—Sure, here you are.
A.another B.other C.each D.both
11. Some people prefer to pay by credit card, _______ would like to pay through Alipay.
A.the others B.other C.others D.another
12.—Lily, did you do anything interesting on your holiday?
—Not at all. I could do ________ but stay in the hotel because of the rain.
A.everything B.anything C.something D.nothing
13. —I invited some of my friends to my birthday party, but ________ came.
—Oh, I’m sorry to hear that.
A.no one B.everyone C.nothing D.anyone
14. Lisa wanted to ask ________ about the summer camp, but there wasn’t ________ in the teachers’ room.
A.someone; someone B.anyone; someone
C.someone; anyone D.anyone; anyone
15.This novel is too boring. I couldn’t find ________ in this book.
A.something interesting B.anything interesting
C.interesting anything D.everything interesting
16.—________ is Jeremy Lin?
—He is a famous Asian-American basketball player.
A.Where B.Why C.What D.How old
17.—________ class are you in?
—I am in Class 3, Grade 3.
A.Who B.Where C.How D.Which
18. Frank, Helen and Linda get on well with _______. They have been good friends since they became classmates.
A.one more B.more one C.one another D.another one
19. ________ is necessary for us to learn English well.
A.This B.That C.It D.He
20. I found ________ impossible for ________ to work out the maths problem in such a short time.
A.it; her B.it; he C.that; him D.that; she
二、用所给词的正确形式填空。
1.(2025·甘肃白银)Jim’s teachers encourage (he) to try new things.
2.(2025·云南)She sang an English song for at the party yesterday. (we)
3.The little cat licked ______ (it) paw gently after eating the fish.
4. My parents are showing a friend of (they) around our community.
5. My favorite color is the same as (she).
6. He finished the work by (he).
7. The students enjoyed (they) during the trip to Turkey.
8. Lin Dong and Li Bailing love sports. I usually play badminton with . (they)
9. Tony tried to look for answers but couldn’t find (something) helpful.
10. This is my dad, favourite food is hot pot. (he)
三、短文填空
A(语法填空)
(2025·广东深圳·一模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last year, China Foreign Languages Publishing Administration started a sports exchange program between Chinese and French young people, mainly focusing on football. This program aims 1 (improve) the friendship and cooperation between the youth of both countries.
This event is part of the celebration of the 2 (sixty) anniversary of diplomatic (外交) relations between China and France. AJ Auxerre was one of the first French football 3 (club) to join this program. At first, they signed 4 agreement with Chinese partners during the opening ceremony. This agreement also includes plans to build a training base 5 will not only help Chinese football players learn but also improve their skills while experiencing French culture. For young Chinese football players at AJ Auxerre, it is really of great help.
After that, the first activities under this program took place from December 2nd to 9th 6 (successful). During this time, Chinese and French teams played games together and shared experiences.
Feng Yu, the captain of China’s artistic swimming team and a gold medalist at the 2024 Paris Olympics, 7 (choose) as the ambassador (大使) for these events. 8 (she) role is to inspire young people and promote the importance of sports and cultural exchange.
This program is a good chance 9 the youth of both countries to learn from each other. It helps young athletes improve their skills and makes the relationship between China and France much 10 (strong).
B(选词填空)
(2025·广东·模拟预测)请从方框内选择适当的词,并根据需要用其正确形式填空,使文章语法正确、完整连贯,并将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。注意:每空一词,每词仅用一次,有两词为多余项。
trouble, about, instead, they, develop, but, or, get, feeling, because, angry, in
Everyone may meet some unhappy things. How should we deal with 1 ? Here is some advice.
Don’t talk 2 others behind their backs. That means not gossiping (说闲话) about your teachers, your classmates 3 your friends. Gossiping about other people only sends bad 4 , and this will get back to them finally. They will not like you and even get 5 with you. So you should say good things about people.
Don’t try to fight with unreasonable (不理智的) people, 6 you will find it unnecessary to explain to people who don’t listen to you. Communicating with them is almost useless. If it’s really hard for you to 7 along with someone, then stay away. Don’t tell people when they’re acting poorly. 8 , stay away from them as far as possible.
Be polite. Being kind and polite can help you get out of 9 . Say “please” and “thank you”, and be polite to others. 10 a habit of good manners and good social skills is good for you. If you’re impolite to people, you’ll develop a bad reputation (名声). No one will help you if you are in trouble. That’s the worst situation that nobody wants.
1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
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专题07 代词
目录
01考情剖析·命题前瞻 1
02 思维导图·网络构建 3
03 考点通关·靶向突破 3
一、人称代词 3
1.人称代词形式 3
2.人称代词用法 4
二、物主代词 4
1.物主代词的形式 4
2.物主代词的用法 5
三、反身代词 6
1.反身代词的形式 6
2. 反身代词句法功能 6
3. 反身代词固定搭配 6
四、指示代词 11
五、不定代词 14
1.常见普通不定代词基本用法 14
2.复合不定代词 17
六、相互代词 23
七、疑问代词 23
04 优题精选·练能提分 25
课标要求
复习目标
人称代词
物主代词
反身代词
· 掌握主格、宾格的形式及在句中作主语、宾语的用法
· 区分形容词性、名词性物主代词的形式及用法
· 掌握反身代词的形式,熟悉固定短语
· 掌握 some/any、few/a few等不定代词的核心区别及用法
· 掌握复合不定代词的基本用法和易错考点
1. 系统复习并掌握各类代词的用法。
2.. 熟练掌握各类代词的核心规则(如物主代词的搭配、不定代词的区别),规避高频易错点。
3. 运用正确的代词,快速高效解答中考题型。
不定代词
·
疑问代词
· 掌握疑问代词的指代对象(指人 / 指物 / 表所属)
命题预测
代词是中考的必考点之一。主要有以下命题角度:人称代词和物主代词(高频)、反身代词(高频)、普通不定代词和复合不定代词(高频)、疑问代词(高频)、相互代词、it特殊用法(高频)等。
主要在语法选择、语法填空、选词填空等题型中考查。
解题锦囊
锦囊 1:辨 “格” 定形式
主格(作主语):放句首 / 谓语前(如 I, he);
宾格(作宾语):跟动词 / 介词后(如 me, him)。
锦囊 2:分 “物主” 看搭配
形容词性物主代词:后接名词(如 my book);
名词性物主代词:单独用(代 “形物代 + 名词”,如 The pen is mine)。
锦囊 3:记 “反身” 固定搭配
用反身代词需匹配主语(如 myself 对应 I),常搭配短语:by oneself(独自)、enjoy oneself(开心)......
锦囊 4:析 “不定代” 核心差异
some(肯定)/any(否定 / 疑问);few/a few(可数,a few 表肯定);little/a little(不可数,a little 表肯定)......
锦囊 5:抓 “疑问代” 指代对象
指人:who(主)/whom(宾)/whose(所属);指物:what/which
注意:解答代词问题时,首先判断该空在句中的成分(主语 / 宾语 / 定语),接着锁定代词的类别(人称 / 物主 / 反身等),再结合单复数,最终确定正确形式。
代词是用来代替名词的词,也用来代替起名词作用的短语、分句和句子。英语中的代词根据其意义和作用可分为9类:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词、相互代词、关系代词(详情见定从专项)、连接代词(详情见宾语从句专项)。
一、人称代词
1.人称代词形式
人称代词有人称(第一人称、第二人称、第三人称)、数(单数、复数)和格(主格、宾格)的变化。
人称
单/复数
主格
宾格
第一人称
单数
I我
me 我
复数
we我们
us我们
第二人称
单数
you你
you你
复数
you你们
you你们
第三人称
单数
he他
him他
she她
her她
it它
it它
复数
they他(她,它)们
them他(她,它)们
记忆口诀:
人称代词有两格,分为主格和宾格。
主格句中作主语,宾格句中作宾语。
句首、动前用主格,动后、介后用宾格。
2.人称代词用法
功能
类别
位置
例句
作主语
主格
谓语动词前
They play football every afternoon.他们每天下午踢足球。
作宾语
宾格
谓语动词后
He knows her very well.他很了解她。
作宾语
宾格
介词后
My mother is waiting for me at the gate.妈妈正在门口等我。
作表语
宾格
连系动词后
—Who is knocking at the door? 谁在敲门?
—It’s me. 是我。
作同位语
宾格
人称代词后跟同位语
These small desks are for us students. 这些小课桌是给我们学生的。
【易错提醒】
1.人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时,用主格和宾格都可以。
Sam is much taller than I/me. 山姆比我高得多。人称代词并列时的排列顺序。
2.人称代词单数并列作主语时,其顺序为:第二人称→第三人称→第一人称,即you, he/she/it and I(若是承担错误责任,第一人称应当先:第一人称→第二人称→第三人称)。
It was I and John that made her angry. 是我和约翰使她生气了。
3.复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为:第一人称→第二人称→第三人称,即we, you and they。
二、物主代词
1.物主代词的形式
类别
单数
复数
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
形容词性物主代词
My
我的
Your
你的
his / her/ its
他/她/它的
our
我们的
your
你们的
their
他/她/它们的
名词性物
主代词
mine
我的
yours
你的
his/ hers /its
他/她/它的
ours
我们的
yours
你们的
theirs
他/她/它们的
记忆口诀:
物主代词分两家,形、名词性各一家。
his、its无变化,my、mine记牢它。
其余变化规律化,名词性有尾巴(s)。
2.物主代词的用法
(1).形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,只能置于名词前作定语。其人称、数和性别的变化取决于其所指代的名词。
The students are helping the old woman clean her house now.学生们现在正在帮助这个老妇人打扫她的房子。
(2)名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词,名词性物主代词不能用于名词之前,其形式取决于它所指代的名词或代词。通常在句中作主语、宾语、表语成分。
This is not my umbrella. Mine is left on the bus.这不是我的雨伞。我的落在公交车上了。(作主语)
She didn’t take her water bottle. Could she use his?她没带水杯。她能用一下他的吗?(作宾语)
This storybook is mine and that comic book is yours.这本故事书是我的,那本漫画书是你的。(作表语)
(3)在许多固定短语中,形容词性物主代词不可缺少。
change one's mind
改变某人的主意
to one's surprise
令某人吃惊的是
make up one's mind
下定决心
do one's homework
做家庭作业
do/try one's best
尽某人最大的努力
with one's help
在某人的帮助下
lose one's way
迷路
in one’s opinion
在某人看来
save one's life
挽救某人的生命
【易错提醒】
1.形容词性物主代词后可加 own, 也可构成of one's own、on one's own、one's own+名词等结构。
例如:Why not use your own pen?为什么不用你自己的钢笔呢?
I want a car of my own.我想要一辆属于我自己的车。
I can finish the task on my own.我能自己完成任务。
2.形容词性物主代词不可与a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, several等词同时修饰一个名词。
例:×my a book √my book 我的书
三、反身代词
1.反身代词的形式
表示“我(们)自己”“你(们)自己”“他/她/它(们)自己”的代 词称为反身代词。反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词形成互指关系,应在人称、性别和数上面保持一致。
人称
单数
复数
第一人称
myself我自己
ourselves我们自己
第二人称
yourself你自己
yourselves你们自己
第三人称
himself他自己
themselves他们自己
herself她自己
themselves她们自己
itself它自己
themselves它们自己
使用规则:
反身代词的构成
第一、二人称,用形容词性物主代词+self/selves
第三人称,用人称代词的宾格形式+ self/selves。
2. 反身代词句法功能
功能
位置
例句
作宾语
位于动词或介词后
He taught himself English without going to school.
他没上学,自学了英语。
She finished the task by herself.她独自完成了这项任务。
作表语
连系动词后
She is not herself today. Maybe she is ill.
她今天状态不对劲,可能是生病了。
作同位语
名词或代词后
We ourselves solved this difficult problem.我们自己解决了这个难题。
3. 反身代词固定搭配
believe in oneself
相信自己
depend on oneself
依靠某人自己
lose oneself in
陶醉于
relax oneself
使自己放松
dress oneself
自己穿衣服
enjoy oneself
玩得开心
devote oneself(to)
献身于
keep sth.to oneself
保密
help oneself to
请随便用/吃(喝)
by oneself
独自;靠自己
come to oneself
苏醒
behave oneself
举止得体
hurt oneself
伤害某人/自己
say to oneself
自言自语
prove oneself
证明自己
look after oneself
照顾某人自己
teach oneself
自学
smile to oneself
暗自微笑
control oneself
控制自己
cheat oneself
自欺欺人
一、语法选择
1.(2025·广东)With wild imagination, she came up with many new ideas and started to create own dishes.
A.her B.hers C.herself
【答案】A
【解析】句意:她有着丰富的想象力,想出了许多新点子,并开始创作自己的菜肴。
her她的,形容词性物主代词;hers她的,名词性物主代词;herself她自己,反身代词。根据“own dishes”可知,此处用形容词性物主代词her修饰名词dishes,表示“她自己的菜肴”。故选A。
2.(2025·广州)I took it and swam to the surface. I put on the rock and swam back in.
A.it B.its C.itself D.it’s
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我把它放在岩石上,然后游回水里。
it它,人称代词主格或宾格;its它的,形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词;itself它自己,反身代词;it’s它是,it is的缩写。根据“I took it and swam to the surface.”以及“I put...on the rock”可知,此处指把贝壳放在岩石上,用it指代上文的shell,作put的宾语。故选A。
3.(2024·广州)“Those are African Penguins. This beach is home.”
A.they B.them C.their D.theirs
【答案】C
【解析】句意:这片海滩是它们的家。
they 它们,主格;them 它们,宾格;their 它们的,形容词性物主代词;theirs 它们的,名词性物主代词。空处修饰名词home,所以用其形容词性物主代词their。故选C。
4.(2025·广州·二模)Even if others doubt you, you must trust and keep trying.
A.you B.your C.yours D.yourself
【答案】D
【解析】句意:即使别人怀疑你,你也必须相信自己,继续努力。
you你;your你的;yours你的;yourself你自己。根据“you must trust…”的语境可知,此处指相信自己,用反身代词。故选D。
5.(2025·广州·二模)Jack focused on goal: reaching the finish line.
A.himself B.he C.him D.his
【答案】D
【解析】句意:但是杰克专注于他的目标:到达终点。
himself他自己,反身代词;he他,主格;him他,宾格;his他的,物主代词。修饰名词“goal”应用形容词性物主代词his。故选D。
6.(2025·广东·一模)She felt much better about and got more courage to communicate with others after learning music.
A.she B.herself C.her
【答案】B
【解析】句意:学了音乐后,她自我感觉好多了,也有了更多的勇气与人交流。
she她(人称代词的主格);herself她自己(反身代词);her她(人称代词的宾格/形容词性物主代词)。根据“She felt much better about...”可知,她自我感觉好多了,所以空处应选反身代词herself指代主语She本身。故选B。
7.(2025·广东·一模)A friendly local woman named Liang offered some plum juice (酸梅汁).
A.he B.his C.him
【答案】C
【解析】句意:一位名叫梁的友好当地妇女给他提供了一些酸梅汁。
he他,主格;his他的,形容词性物主代词;him他,宾格。根据“A friendly local woman named Liang offered... some plum juice (酸梅汁).”可知,“offered”是动词,后面用人称代词宾格作宾语,故选C。
8.(2025·广东·一模)One day, I lost one of my gloves. You gave me one of .
A.you B.your C.yours
【答案】C
【解析】句意:你把你的一只 (手套) 给了我。
you你,你们,主格;your你的,你们的,形容词性物主代词;yours你的,你们的,名词性物主代词。根据“I lost one of my gloves.”可知此处指“把你的一只手套给了我”,yours=your gloves,故选C。
9.—Is this your toy car?
—No, it’s not ________. It belongs to ________, my little brother Toby.
A.my; him B.your; his C.my; his D.mine; him
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——这是你的玩具车吗?——不,它不是我的。它属于我的弟弟Toby。
考查代词用法。第一空需用名词性物主代词(相当于“my toy car”的省略);第二空“belongs to”后接宾语,需用人称代词宾格“him”(指代Toby)。故选D。
二、选词填空
1.(2024·广东) One of is bike riding, or biking. The biking craze (热潮) is now sweeping through China.(备选词they)
【答案】them
【解析】句意:其中之一是骑自行车。根据“As summer comes around, outdoor activities are getting more and more popular. One of...is bike riding, or biking.”和备选词可知,骑自行车是户外运动之一,they“它们”符合语境,one of them“它们之一”,故填them。
2.(2025·广东·一模) This is why I can beat competitors.”(备选词I)
【答案】my
【解析】句意:这就是为什么我能击败我的竞争对手。根据“This is why I can beat … competitors.”可知,此处应为“我的”这一含义,备选词my表示“我的”,为形容词性物主代词。故填my。
3.(2025·广东·一模)Each place in China has own dialect. (备选词it)
【答案】its
【解析】句意:中国每个地方都有自己的方言。根据“Each place in China has...own dialect.”可知,此处表示“自己的”,it的形容词性物主代词its,表示“它的”,符合语境。故填its。
4.(2025·广东·一模)Reading provides with information about other culture and places of the world.(备选词we)
【答案】us
【解析】句意:阅读为我们提供关于世界上其他文化和地方的信息。根据“provides...with information 以及备选词可知,这里指的是为我们提供信息,provide sb. with sth.表示“为某人提供某物”,动词provide后用宾格形式,we的宾格是us。故填us。
5.(2025·广东·二模)From herbal tea to these ice creams, Traditional Chinese Medicine is making a necessary part in our daily life. (备选词it)
【答案】itself
【解析】句意:中药正逐渐成为我们日常生活中必不可少的一部分。根据“Traditional Chinese Medicine is making”可知,此处指中药让“自己”成为日常生活中必要的一部分,结合备选词,it的反身代词 itself“它自己”,符合语境,故填itself。
三、语法填空
1.(2025·深圳·二模)It is a good example of spreading (we) Chinese excellent culture to the world.
【答案】our
【解析】句意:这是向世界传播我们中国优秀文化的一个很好的例子。空处修饰名词culture,用we的形容词性物主代词our“我们的”。故填our。
2.(2025·深圳·三模)People didn’t eat (they) as other fruits such as apples or bananas. Therefore, they thought the tomato could be a vegetable.
【答案】them
【解析】句意:人们不会像吃苹果、香蕉这类水果一样吃它们。因此,他们认为番茄可能是一种蔬菜。空处作动词 “eat” 的宾语,要用 “they” 的宾格形式 “them”。故填 them。
3.(2025·深圳·三模)It is to improve (they) teaching and make sure that students receive a high-quality experience.
【答案】their
【解析】句意:它的目的是去提升他们的教学并确保学生收到一个高质量的体验。根据“It is to improve ... teaching and make sure that students receive a high-quality experience.”可知,此处动名词前需要加形容词性物主代词。故填their。
4.(2025·深圳·一模)They are all enjoying (they).
【答案】themselves
【解析】句意:他们都玩得很开心。enjoy oneself“过得开心”,固定短语,由此可知,空格处用反身代词,they的反身代词是themselves。故填themselves。
5.(2025·深圳·模拟预测)There is nothing new but if you follow at least some of these tips, you can be proud of _________(you) in the protection of the environment.
【答案】yourself
【解析】句意:这并不是什么新鲜事物,但是如果你至少遵循其中一些技巧,你就可以为环境保护而感到自豪。根据“you can be proud of...(you) in the protection of the environment.”可知,你会为自己感到自豪。空处需反身代词,主格you对应的反身代词为yourself。故填yourself。
四、指示代词
指示代词
用法
例句
this
these
1. 指代较近的人/物(单数this,复数these)
2. 指代下文将提到的人/物
1. This is my book.这是我的书。
2. These are apples.这些是苹果。
3. This is what I want to say: we need to work hard.这是我想说的:我们需要努力。
that
those
1. 指代较远的人/物(单数that,复数those)
2. 用于比较级结构,避免重复
1. That is his bike.那是他的自行车。
2. Those are their bags.那些是他们的包。
3. The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai.北京的天气比上海的冷。
it和one
指代同一事物(同类同物)
The book is mine. It is on the desk.这本书是我的,它在桌上。
泛指同类事物中的一个(同类异物)
I don't like this pen. Can I have one?我不喜欢这支笔,能给我一支吗?
it
的
特
殊
用
法
1.作形式主语
① It's + adj. (+for sb.) + to do sth. ② It's + adj. + of sb. + to do sth. ③ It's time to do/for/that...
④ It takes/took (+sb.) + 时间 + to do sth.
① It's important for us to study English.对我们来说学英语很重要。
② It's kind of you to help me.你帮我真是太好了。
③ It's time to go to bed.该睡觉了。
④ It took me 2 hours to finish the homework.我花了2小时完成作业。
2.作形式宾语 代替不定式/从句作真正宾语,用于find/think/make等动词后
I find it easy to learn math.我发现学数学很简单。
He thinks it necessary that we practice more.他认为我们多练习是必要的。
3.it可用来指代上文提到过的事物。
There is a bird in the tree. It is singing loudly.树上有一只鸟,它正在大声鸣叫。
4. 指代身份/性别不清的人
Someone is knocking at the door. Who is it?有人敲门,是谁?
5.指代时间/季节/天气/距离
1. It is 7 o'clock now.现在7点了。
2. It is 500 meters from here to the park.从这里到公园有500米。
【易错提醒】
1.在特殊疑问句的回答中,用it代替this或that;用they代替these或those。
-What's this?这是什么?
-It's a pencil.这是一支铅笔。
2.为了避免重复,that可指代前面提到的可数名词单数或不可数名词,相当于the one;those只能指代可数名词复数,相当于the ones。
The days in summer are longer than those in winter.
夏天的白天比冬天的(白天)长。(此处 those 指代前面提到的The days)
3.打电话时,向对方介绍自己要用“This is...(我是…)”。询问或确认对方是哪一位时,可以说“Who's that?(你是谁?)”或“Ils that...?(你是…吗?)”
•一This is Kate.Who's that?我是凯特,你是谁?
一This is Jim. 我是吉姆。
1.—Excuse me, do you have this book for sale?
—Not yet. But you can check out ________ similar books over there.
A.this B.that C.these D.those
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——打扰一下,你们有这本在售的书吗?——还没有。但你可以去那边看看那些类似的书。
考查代词辨析。this这个;that那个;these这些;those那些。根据“check out…similar books over there”可知,此处指“那些书”,应用those修饰books,表示远指。故选D。
2.—Look! ________ are the Terracotta Warriors (兵马俑), a great wonder of the world.
—Amazing!
A.This B.That C.These D.It
【答案】C
【详解】句意:—— 看!这些是兵马俑,世界一大奇迹。—— 太神奇了!
考查指示代词的用法。This意为“这个”,指代单数;That意为“那个”,指代单数;These意为“这些”,指代复数;It 意为“它”,指代单数事物或前文提到的单个事物 。根据“the Terracotta Warriors”可知,是复数名词,此处需用指代复数的指示代词。故选C。
3.—Come to meet my family. ________ is my brother and ________ are my grandparents.
—Hi. Nice to meet you all. I’m Bob.
A.This; this B.This; these C.That; that D.That; those
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——来见见我的家人。这是我的兄弟,这些是我的祖父母。——嗨。很高兴见到你们所有人。我是鲍勃。
考查指示代词的用法。This这个;That那个;these这些;those那些。根据“Come to meet my family.”可知,两个空均为近指,第一个空后“is my brother”为单数,需用单数指示代词this;第二个空后“are my grandparents”为复数,需用复数指示代词these,故选B。
4. —Someone is knocking on the door.
—________ must be Jim. He is here to give back my bike.
A.He B.This C.It D.They
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——有人在敲门。——一定是吉姆,他是来还我自行车的。
考查代词辨析。He他;This这;It它;They他们。根据“Someone is knocking on the door.”可知,此处是指代不明身份的某个人,用it指代。故选C。
5. Some students think ________ a waste of time to circle the key words while doing exercises. In fact, it is worth trying.
A.that B.this C.it D.them
【答案】C
【详解】句意:一些学生认为在做练习时圈出关键词是浪费时间。事实上,它值得一试。
考查it作形式宾语的用法。that那个;this这个;it它;them它们。分析句子可知,原句要表达“一些学生认为做练习时圈关键词是浪费时间”,其“to circle the key words while doing exercises”是真正的宾语,但由于宾语较长,为了避免句子头重脚轻,需要用it作形式宾语,放在谓语动词“think”后,代替后面的不定式短语。故选C。
五、不定代词
不明确指代某个人、某个事物、某些人、某些事物的代词叫不定代词。不定代词可以代替名称和形容词,表示不同的数量概念。不定代词没有主格和宾格之分,在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语等。
1.常见普通不定代词基本用法
(1)many与much
代词
含义
用法
例句
many
许多
修饰或代替可数名词复数;作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式
The Monkey King has excited the children of China for many years.
美猴王多年来一直使中国的孩子们兴奋不已。
much
许多;大量
修饰或替代不可数名词;作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式
You should learn to relax and not put so much pressure on yourself.
你应该学会放松,不要给自己施加太大的压力。
(2)some与any
some和any都表示“ 一些”, 既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词。
用法
示例
some多用在肯定句中;也可用于表示建议或请求的疑问句中,表示说话人希望得到对方肯定的回答。
I would like some tea or coffee.我想喝一些茶或咖啡。
Could I have some milk,please?我可以喝点牛奶吗?(希望得到肯定回答)
any多用在否定句和疑问句中,用于肯定句时表示“任何一个(些)”。
There isn't any water in the cup.杯子里没有一点儿水。
You can draw with pens of any color.你可以用任何颜色的笔画画。
表示“某一”时,some 相当于 a certain,其后加单数可数名词,暗含不知道、不感兴趣、不重视等含义。
Some person parked his car here.有个人把他的车停在这里。
(3)代词each与限定词every
代词
相同点
不同点
例句
each
each/every+名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式
①可用作代词、形容词,可单独使用;
②强调个体,指两者或两者以上人或事物中的“每一个”;
③可与of连用
Correct the mistakes in each sentence.
纠正每个句子中的错误。
We've bought five basketballs for our club.Each (of them) costs 50 yuan.
我们为我们的俱乐部买了五个篮球。每个花费50元。
every
①仅作定语,不可单独使用;②强调整体,指三者或三者以上的人或事物中的“每一个”;
③不可与of连用
I am going to practice football every day.
我将每天练习足球。
The buses go every 15 minutes.
公共汽车每15分钟开一次。
He spends every spare moment in developing his hobby.
他花每一个空闲时间来发展他的爱好。
(4)both,all,neither,none与either
代词
含义及用法
谓语形式
示例
both
两个都,表肯定含义
复数
Both of the sisters like painting.这对姐妹俩都喜欢画画。
all
三者或三者以上都,表肯定含义
单数/复数
All the flowers in the garden are blooming.花园里所有的花都开了。
All the food is ready for the party.派对的所有食物都准备好了。
neither
两者都不,表否定含义
单数
Neither of the answers is right.这两个答案都不对。
none
三者或三者以上都不,表否定含义
根据指代的名词是否可数或不可数来判断
None of the boys wants to play football today.今天没有一个男孩想踢足球。
None of the milk was left in the bottle.瓶子里一点牛奶都没剩。
either
两者中任意一个,表肯定含义
单数
Either of the two books is suitable for kids.这两本书中任意一本都适合小孩子。
【知识拓展】
1. either和neither还可用作连词。either...or...意为“或者……或者……;要么……要么……”;neither...nor...意为 “既不……也不……”。二者连接主语时,谓语动词在人称和数上要与邻近的主语一致。
Either you or I am wrong.不是你错了就是我错了。
Neither you nor I am wrong. 你没错,我也没错。
2.either可作为副词,意为"也",用于否定句的句末。
He won’ t go and I won’ t go either. 他不去,我也不去。
(5)other, another, others, the other与the others
代词
含义
用法
示例
other
另外的
只作定语,不能单独使用,常与可数名词复数连用
Besides cats,she likes other animals.除了猫,她还喜欢其他的动物。
another
另一个
指三者或三者以上中的任何一个
This cup is broken. Please give me another one.这个杯子破了,请给我另一个。
others
其他的
人或物
非一个整体中剩余的全部,其他的人或物;常用于固定搭配some ...others...
There are many kids in the park. Some are running, and others are playing games.公园里有很多孩子,一些在跑步,另一些在玩游戏。
the other
两者中的另一个
常用于固定搭配one...the other...
I have two pens. One is blue, and the other is black.我有两支钢笔,一支是蓝色的,另一支是黑色的。
the others
其余的人或物
特指在一个整体中剩余的全部;
here are 50 students in our class. 30 are girls, the others are boys.我们班有 50 个学生,30 个是女生,其余的都是男生。
(6)few,a few,little,a little的用法
用法
用于可数名词
用于不可数名词
表示肯定概念
a few虽少,但有几个
a little虽少,但有一点
表示否定概念
few不多,几乎没有
little不多,没有什么
【助记小贴士】
一、语法选择
1.(2025·广州)Among a group of fish and sea animals, I noticed a big shell.
A.other B.others C.another D.the others
【答案】A
【解析】句意:在一群鱼和其他海洋动物中,我注意到一个大贝壳。
other其他的,后接复数名词;others其他的,相当于“other+复数名词”;another另一个,表泛指,后接单数名词;the others其余的,表示在一个范围内的其他全部。根据“sea animals”可知,此处表示其他的海洋动物,用other修饰名词复数。故选A。
2.(2024·广州)These African Penguins are in danger now. But luckily there are still of them left in the world.
A.few B.a few C.little D.a little
【答案】B
【解析】句意:但幸运的是,世界上仍然有一些。
few 几乎没有,修饰可数名词复数;a few 一些,修饰可数名词复数;little 几乎没有,修饰不可数名词;a little 一点,修饰不可数名词。根据“But luckily there are still ...of them left in the world.”可知,很幸运,则说明世界上还有一些企鹅, 修饰复数代词them,所以用a few。故选B。
3.(2024·广州)One reason is that the penguin eggs are eaten by seabirds and other animals. is that the fishermen in this area catch too many fish.
A.Another B.Other C.Others D.The others
【答案】A
【解析】句意:另一个原因是这个地区的渔民捕捞了太多的鱼。
Another 另一个(三者或以上中的);Other 其他的,常修饰可数名词复数;Others 其他人或物;The others 其余的(表示在一个范围内的其他全部)。根据“One reason”及is可知,此处指另一个原因。故选A。
4.(2025·广州·二模)He looked up as information as he could in the library after school.
A.few B.many C.little D.much
【答案】D
【解析】句意:放学后,他在图书馆查找了尽可能多的信息。
few很少(修饰可数名词,表示否定);many许多(修饰可数名词);little很少(修饰不可数名词,表示否定);much许多(修饰不可数名词)。根据“as...information as he could”可知是尽可能多的信息,information是不可数名词。故选D。
5.(2025·广州·一模)Some kernels began to explode (爆开), making us all laugh. Soon, exploded one by one.
A.another B.others C.the other D.other
【答案】B
【解析】句意:很快,其他玉米粒一个接一个地爆开了。
another另一个;others其他;the other另一个;other其他。根据前文中的“Some kernels”和分析句子结构可知,此处需填others作主语以表达其他的玉米粒。故选B。
6.(2025·广州·一模)The woman and had dinner together, celebrating our good luck that night. That day was so special for of us, and it was like Christmas in July.
A.all B.both C.either D.neither
【答案】B
【解析】句意:那天对我们俩来说都很特别,就像七月的圣诞节。
all所有;both两者都;either两者选一;neither两者都不。根据“That day was so special for…of us”可知,此处表示那天对两个人来说都很特别,用both。故选B。
7. There isn’t ________ milk in the fridge. Can you get ________ for me?
A.some; some B.any; any C.any; some D.any; one
【答案】C
【详解】句意:冰箱里没有牛奶了。你能给我拿一些吗?
考查不定代词用法辨析。some一般用于肯定句或希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中;any一般用于否定句或疑问句中。第一空所在句是否定句,用any;第二空所在句是希望得到肯定回答的疑问句,用some。故选C。
8.—Which would you like to drink, Tom, coffee or mango juice?
—________ suit(s) me. I’ll just have water.
A.None B.Both C.Neither D.All
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——汤姆,你想喝点什么,咖啡还是芒果汁?——这两种都不适合我。我就喝点水。
考查不定代词辨析。None表示三者或三者以上“都不”;Both表示两者“都”;Neither表示两者“都不”;All表示三者或三者以上“都”。根据“coffee or mango juice”和“I’ll just have water.”可知,这里是在咖啡和芒果汁两者之间进行选择,且汤姆表示都不想要,而是选择喝水,所以用“Neither”,表示两者都不。故选C。
9. There are many national flags on ________ sides of the street during the National Day.
A.both B.all C.either D.neither
【答案】A
【详解】句意:在国庆节期间,街道的两边有许多国旗。
考查代词辨析。both两者都;all所有的;either两者之一;neither两者都不。根据“sides of the street”可知,街道有两边,表示两边都有的情况,应用both。故选A。
10.I don’t often go shopping with my parents because ________ of them is busy with their work.
A.both B.each C.all D.one
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我不经常和父母一起去购物,因为他们每一个都忙于工作。
考查代词辨析。both两者都;each每一个;all所有;one一个。空格后动词是is(单数形式),需用单数主语,排除A、C;“each of them”为单数结构,表示“每一个”,符合语法和句意;one不符合“父母双方都忙”这一语境。故选B。
2.复合不定代词
由 some-,any-,no-,every-构成的复合不定代词。这些词在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等,作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。注意:由-one和-body 构成的复合不定代词可以互换。
词缀
some-
any-
no-
every-
-one
someone
某人
anyone
任何人
no one
没有人
everyone
每人;人人
-body
somebody
某人
anybody
任何人
nobody
没有人
everybody
每人;人人
-thing
something
某物;某事
anything
任何事
nothing
没有东西
everything
每件事物;一切
2)复合不定代词的用法
分类
用法
示例
some-类
常用于肯定句中,表示 “某人/物”;也可用于疑问句中,表示希望得到对方肯定回答
If you don't know the answer,ask somebody/someone else.
如果你不知道答案,就问问别人。
any-类
常用于否定句、疑问句或 条件句中,表示“某人/物”;也可用于肯定句中,表示“任何人/物”
Anybody can achieve their dreams.
任何人都可以实现他们的梦想。
every-类
可以用于各种句式中表示“所有人/物”,与否定词连用表示部分否定
It’s very easy to buy everything on the Internet.
在网上买到所有的东西都很容易。
no-类
表示没有人或物
Nothing is more important than health.
没有什么比健康更重要。
【易错提醒】
1.形容词修饰复合不定代词时,形容词需要后置。例如:
She has something important to tell you.她有重要的事要告诉你。
Is there anything special in today’s newspaper?今天的报纸上有什么特别的内容吗?
2. 复合不定代词的做主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
Everything is ready for the picnic tomorrow.明天野餐的一切都准备好了。
3.易混警示:everyone与 every one
everyone“每人、人人”只能指人,后面不能跟of短语。
every one“每人、人人,每一个”既可指人也可指物,后面可跟of短语,例如:
❌ Everyone of us is here.
✅ Every one of us is here.
✅Everyone/Every one seeks love and happiness.每个人都追求爱和幸福。
✅Every one of us loves peace.我们每一个人都热爱和平。(句中“Every one”指人 )
✅Every one of the books is interesting.每本书都很有趣。(句中“Every one” 指物 )
一、语法选择
1.(2025·广州)And then I saw moving towards me. It was a shark!
A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
【答案】A
【解析】句意:然后我看到有东西朝我游来。
something某物,用于肯定句;anything任何东西,用于否定句或疑问句;everything一切;nothing没有什么。根据“moving towards me”可知,此处表示看到有东西朝我游来,句子为肯定句,用something。故选A。
2.(2025·广州·二模)In every smile, every cheer, and every bite of zongzi, there’s that connects the past with the present.
A.anything magical B.magical something C.magical anything D.something magical
【答案】D
【解析】句意:在每一个微笑、每一声欢呼和每一口粽子里,都有一些神奇的东西连接着过去和现在。
anything magical用于否定/疑问;magical something语序错误;magical anything语序错误;something magical正确语序。根据肯定句及形容词后置规则。根据文章末段“connects the past with the present”可知用肯定形式。故选D。
3.(2025·广州·一模)When we were enjoying the beautiful sights near the sea, that was bright silver caught my eyes.
A.nothing B.something C.anything D.everything
【答案】B
【解析】句意:当我们在海边欣赏美丽的景色时,有着明亮的银色的东西吸引了我的目光。
nothing没有什么;something某事;anything任何事;everything所有事。根据“...that was bright silver caught my eyes.”可知,一些闪着银色的东西,something“某物”符合语境。故选B。
二、选词填空
1.(2025·广东)For him, city development is not about building new, but about making use of what’s already there in a creative way.
along although beauty because deep enjoy example explore new performance something under
【答案】something
【解析】句意:对他来说,城市发展不是要建造新的东西,而是要以创造性的方式利用现有的东西。根据“For him, city development is not about building...new”和备选词可知,此处指建造新的东西,something“某物”符合语境。故填something。
2.(2025·广东·一模)Every student faces the same challenge—exams. Whenever the exam season comes, stress may come along. can avoid it.
for real if listen deal do that we who nobody laugh interest
【答案】Nobody
【解析】句意:没有人能避免它。根据“…can avoid it.”和备选词可知,此处表达没有人能避免它,nobody为不定代词,意为“没有人”,句首首字母大写,故填Nobody。
六、相互代词
相互代词是表示相互关系的代词,主要有 each other和 one another,意为“互相,相互”。相互代词在句中只能作宾语。each other和one another的所有格形式是each other's 和one another's,充当定于成分。
We often help each other/ one another when in trouble.遇到麻烦时,我们常常相互帮助。
They often share each other’s /one another’s joys and sorrows in daily life.
日常生活中他们常常分享彼此的喜怒哀乐。
1. Tom and Jack are good friends. They often help ________.
A.them B.him C.they D.each other
【答案】D
【详解】句意:汤姆和杰克是好朋友。他们经常互相帮助。
考查代词。them他们;him他;they他们;each other互相。根据“Tom and Jack are good friends. They often help”并结合选项可知,此处强调两人之间的互助关系,each other符合。故选D。
七、疑问代词
用来构成特殊疑问句的代词叫疑问代词。它们一般位于句首。疑问代词包括who、whose、whom、what、which。
代词
用法
例句
Who
表示"谁",可以指代单数和复数名词,在句中作主语、宾语或表语
Who is on duty today? 今天谁值日?
Whom
表示"谁",可以指代单数和复数。whom只能作动词的宾语或介词的宾语,不直接跟在介词后时可用who替换,位于介词后作介词宾语时只能用whom
Whom you were talking to just now? 你刚才和谁说话呢?
Whom/Who did you often play with when you were a child? 小时候你经常和谁玩?
Whose
表示"谁的",既可置于名词前作定语,也可单独使用,在句中常作主语、宾语、定语或表语
Whose iPad is this? 这是谁的iPad? (定语)
Whose is this iPad? 这个iPad是谁的? (表语)
Which
表示"哪一个(些)",既可指人也可指物,可指可数名词单、复数,也可指不可数名词,在句中常作主语、宾语或定语
Which animal do you like best? 你最喜欢哪种动物?
Which is cheaper, this printer or that one? 这台打印机和那台打印机,哪台更便宜?
what
表示"什么",可单独使用,也可放在名词前,既可以指代或修饰不可数名词,也可以指代或修饰可数名词的单、复数。在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语
What makes you love your hometown so much? 是什么使你这么热爱你的家乡?
【易错提醒】which和what的用法辨析
用which提问,指在相当数目的人或物中进行选择,限制在一定的范围内;用what提问,不限制范围。
Which do you like, rice or meat? 你喜欢什么,米饭还是肉?
What do you like? 你喜欢什么?
【知识拓展】 what的常见用法
1. 用于询问职业:What be+主语?或What do/does/did+主语+ do?
What does your father do?=What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的?
2. 用于询问天气或品行:What be+主语+like?
What’ s the weather like? 天气怎么样?
3. 用于询问外貌、长相:What do/does/did+主语+look like?
What does she look like? 她长什么样?
4. 征求对方的意见:What about ...?
What about going out for a movie? 出去看电影怎么样?
1.—________ is the boy with a pair of glasses?
—He’s my brother.
A.Who B.Which C.What D.Where
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——戴眼镜的那个男孩是谁?——他是我的兄弟。
考查特殊疑问句。Who谁;Which哪一个;What什么;Where在哪里。根据答语“He’s my brother.”可知问句询问人的身份,故选A。
2. Who are the people in your family and ________ fun things do you spend time on together?
A.what B.which C.whose D.where
【答案】A
【详解】句意:你家里有哪些人,以及你们一起花时间在什么有趣的事情上?
考查特殊疑问句。what什么;which哪一个;whose谁的;where哪里。根据“fun things do you spend time on together?”可知,句子为特殊疑问句,空处修饰“fun things”,询问具体事物是什么,应用what。故选A。
一、单项选择
1.(2025·北京)My sister is good at singing. ________ can even sing some French songs.
A.I B.He C.You D.She
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我妹妹擅长唱歌。她甚至能唱一些法语歌曲。
考查代词辨析。I我;He他;You你;She她。根据“My sister is good at singing.”可知,此处指“我”妹妹会唱法语歌曲,指第三人称,且为女性,故用代词She指代。故选D。
2.(2025·天津)________ sister is in the school tennis team. I’m proud of ________.
A.I; she B.I; her C.My; she D.My; her
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我的姐姐是学校女子网球队的一员。我为她感到骄傲。
考查代词辨析。I我,主格;My我的,形容词性物主代词。第一处作定语修饰“sister”,用形容词性物主代词My,排除AB。she她,主格;her她,宾格。第二处在介词of后,用宾格her。故选D。
3.(2025·江苏徐州)Boys, whose jacket is this? Somebody left ________ jacket in the dining room.
A.my B.your C.his D.her
【答案】C
【详解】句意:孩子们,这是谁的夹克衫?有人把他的夹克衫落在餐厅了。
考查形容词性物主代词。my我的;your你的,你们的;his他的;her她的。根据“somebody”可知,在英语中,当指代性别不明确的单数不定代词时,常用his作为中性代词。故选C。
4.(2025·云南)—Is this Li Mei’s volleyball?
—Yes, it’s ________. Look, there is “LM” on it.
A.she B.her C.hers D.herself
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——这是李梅的排球吗?——是的,是她的。看,上面有“LM”。
考查代词辨析。she她;her她;hers她的;herself她自己。由“Look, there is ‘LM’ on it”可知,此处指是李梅的排球,回答中使用名词性物主代词hers表示“她的排球”。故选C。
5. After several minutes’ thought, the small boy promised me to keep the secret to ______.
A.me B.him C.myself D.himself
【答案】D
【详解】句意:经过几分钟的思考,小男孩向我承诺会保守这个秘密。
考查代词辨析。me我,宾格;him他,宾格;myself我自己;himself他自己。“keep the secret to oneself”为固定短语,表示“保守秘密”,其中反身代词需与主语保持一致。主语是“the small boy”,对应的反身代词为himself。故选D。
6. Now many school uniforms in China are not very different from ________ in the UK or the USA.
A.this B.that C.those D.these
【答案】C
【详解】句意:现在中国的许多校服与英国或美国的校服并没有太大的不同。
考查代词辨析。this这个;that那个;those那些;these这些。分析句子可知,空处指代前文复数名词“school uniforms”,排除A项和B项;美国或英国相对于中国来说,应该属于远处,所以填those,排除D项。故选C。
7. — The science class will begin. We only have ________ time left, so we must hurry up.
— Don’t worry! We can go together.
A.a few B.few C.a little D.little
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——科学课要开始了。我们只剩一点时间了,所以得快点。——别担心!我们可以一起走。。
考查不定代词辨析。a few意为“有一些”,修饰可数名词复数;few意为“几乎没有”,修饰可数名词复数;a little表示“有一点”,修饰不可数名词;little意为“几乎没有”,修饰不可数名词。句中“time”为不可数名词,需用a little或little修饰,排除A和B;再根据答句“Don’t worry! We can go together.”可知,能看出实际还有少量时间,并非“几乎没有”;且空格前的“only”修饰“have a little time”,强化了“仅仅有一点时间”的语义,排除D。故选C。
8. The little boy is good at maths, but sometimes he still makes ________ mistakes.
A.a few B.a little C.little D.few
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这个小男孩擅长数学,但有时他还是会犯一些错误。
考查代词辨析。a few一些(修饰可数名词复数,表示肯定);a little 一点(修饰不可数名词,表示肯定);little很少(修饰不可数名词,表示否定);few很少(修饰可数名词复数,表示否定)。mistakes是可数名词复数,且句意表示肯定含义,a few符合语境。故选A。
9. —Which book do you prefer, this one or that one?
—________. I like reading novels about history.
A.Both B.Either C.Neither D.None
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你更喜欢哪本书,这本还是那本?——两者都不。我喜欢读关于历史的小说。
考查代词辨析。 Both两者都;Either两者中的任意一个;Neither两者都不;None没有(用于三者或以上)。根据答语“I like reading novels about history”可知,说话者只对历史小说感兴趣,而问题中的两本书可能并非历史小说,因此对两者都不喜欢,需用neither表示否定两者。故选C。
10.—This shirt is too small for me. Can you give me ________ one?
—Sure, here you are.
A.another B.other C.each D.both
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——这件衬衫对我来说太小了,你能给我另一件吗?——当然,给你。
考查不定代词辨析。another(三者或以上中的)另一个;other其他的(后接名词);each每一个;both两者都。根据语境可知,说话人想要换一件衬衫,表示“另一件(同类中的另一个)”,应用another。故选A。
11. Some people prefer to pay by credit card, _______ would like to pay through Alipay.
A.the others B.other C.others D.another
【答案】C
【详解】句意:一些人更喜欢用信用卡支付,另一些人想要通过支付宝支付。
考查不定代词辨析。the others特指某一范围内的“其余的人或物”,是the other的复数形式;other其他的,后接复数名词;others泛指“另外的人或物”,相当于“other +复数名词”;another泛指三者或三者以上的另一个,后接单数名词。根据“Some people prefer to pay by credit card...would like to pay through Alipay.”可知,此处是“some...others...”结构,表示“一些……另一些……”,所以用others。故选C。
12.—Lily, did you do anything interesting on your holiday?
—Not at all. I could do ________ but stay in the hotel because of the rain.
A.everything B.anything C.something D.nothing
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——莉莉,你假期做了什么有趣的事吗?——一点都没有。因为下雨,我除了待在旅馆里什么也做不了。
考查不定代词辨析。everything每件事;anything任何事;something某事;nothing没什么。根据“Not at all.”以及“because of the rain”可知,因为下雨,所以什么有趣的事都没做,除了待在旅馆里,nothing but表示“除了……什么也没有”。故选D。
13. —I invited some of my friends to my birthday party, but ________ came.
—Oh, I’m sorry to hear that.
A.no one B.everyone C.nothing D.anyone
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——我邀请了一些朋友来我的生日派对,但没有人来。——哦,听到这个消息我很遗憾。
考查不定代词的用法。no one没有人;everyone每个人;nothing没有东西,指物不指人;anyone任何人,多用于疑问句或否定句。根据语境,前半句表示邀请,但后半句转折,应表示“没有人来”。故选A。
14. Lisa wanted to ask ________ about the summer camp, but there wasn’t ________ in the teachers’ room.
A.someone; someone B.anyone; someone
C.someone; anyone D.anyone; anyone
【答案】C
【详解】句意:丽莎想问某人关于夏令营的事情,但是教师办公室里一个人也没有。
考查不定代词辨析。someone某人,常用于肯定句中;anyone任何人,常用于否定句或疑问句中。根据语境可知,第一个空所在的句子是肯定句,表示“想问某人关于夏令营的事情”,所以应该用someone;第二个空所在的句子是否定句,表示“教师办公室里一个人也没有”,所以应该用anyone。故选C。
15.This novel is too boring. I couldn’t find ________ in this book.
A.something interesting B.anything interesting
C.interesting anything D.everything interesting
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这本小说太无聊了。我在这本书里找不到任何有趣的东西。
考查复合不定代词和形容词的位置。根据“I couldn’t find...in this book.”可知,在否定句中,用anything表示“任何东西”;形容词修饰不定代词时应后置,anything interesting“有趣的东西”。故选B。
16.—________ is Jeremy Lin?
—He is a famous Asian-American basketball player.
A.Where B.Why C.What D.How old
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——Jeremy Lin是谁?——他是一位著名的亚裔美国篮球运动员。
考查特殊疑问词辨析。Where在哪里;Why为什么;What什么;How old多大年纪。根据答句“He is a famous Asian-American basketball player.”可知,此处是在询问Jeremy Lin是谁,所以应该用What来提问。故选C。
17.—________ class are you in?
—I am in Class 3, Grade 3.
A.Who B.Where C.How D.Which
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你在哪个班?——我在三年级三班。
考查疑问词辨析。Who谁;Where哪里;How怎样;Which哪一个。根据答语“I am in Class 3, Grade 3.”可知,问句是对“哪个班级”提问,需用“Which”表示“哪一个”进行选择。故选D。
18. Frank, Helen and Linda get on well with _______. They have been good friends since they became classmates.
A.one more B.more one C.one another D.another one
【答案】C
【详解】句意:弗兰克、海伦和琳达彼此相处得很好。自从成为同学以来,他们一直是好朋友。
考查相互代词。one more再一个,又一个;more one表达不正确;one another彼此,互相,用于三者或三者以上之间的相互关系;another one另一个,强调众多中的另一个。根据“Frank, Helen and Linda”以及后面说他们是好朋友可知,这里说的是他们三人彼此之间相处得好,所以用“one another”。故选C。
19. ________ is necessary for us to learn English well.
A.This B.That C.It D.He
【答案】C
【详解】句意:对于我们来说,学好英语是必要的。
考查代词用法。 This这个;That那个;It它;He他。根据句子结构可知,此处为固定句型“It is+adj.+for sb. to do sth.”,其中it作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式“to learn English well”。故选C。
20. I found ________ impossible for ________ to work out the maths problem in such a short time.
A.it; her B.it; he C.that; him D.that; she
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我发现她不可能在这么短的时间内解出这道数学题。
考查代词辨析以及it的用法。it它;that那个;her她,人称代词宾格;he他,人称代词主格;him他,人称代词宾格;she她,人称代词主格。分析句子结构可知,此处为固定句式“find it + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.”,含义是“发现对某人来说做某事是……的”,“for”是介词,第二个空用人称代词宾格,作宾语,结合选项可知,A项符合。故选A。
二、用所给词的正确形式填空。
1.(2025·甘肃白银)Jim’s teachers encourage (he) to try new things.
【答案】him
【详解】句意:吉姆的老师鼓励他尝试新事物。动词后面用人称宾格,him符合句意,故填him。
2.(2025·云南)She sang an English song for at the party yesterday. (we)
【答案】us
【详解】句意:昨天在聚会上,她为我们唱了一首英文歌。此处作介词for的宾语用代词宾格us“我们”。故填us。
3.The little cat licked ______ (it) paw gently after eating the fish.
【答案】its
【详解】句意:这只小猫吃完鱼后,轻轻地舔了舔它的爪子。空后为名词 paw(爪子),空处需要用形容词性物主代词 its 来修饰名词,作定语。故填 its。
4. My parents are showing a friend of (they) around our community.
【答案】theirs
【详解】句意:我父母正在带他们的一个朋友参观我们的社区。根据“showing a friend of”可知,此处带“父母的朋友”,需要双重所有格,此处用名词性物主代词,故填theirs。
5. My favorite color is the same as (she).
【答案】hers
【详解】句意:我最喜欢的颜色和她的一样。根据“My favorite color is the same as...”可知,此处指她最喜欢的颜色,应用名词性物主代词hers。故填hers。
6. He finished the work by (he).
【答案】himself
【详解】句意:他独自完成了这项工作。此处指“独自完成”,by oneself“独自”,此处用反身代词himself。故填himself。
7. The students enjoyed (they) during the trip to Turkey.
【答案】themselves
【详解】句意:学生们在土耳其旅行期间非常开心。根据“enjoy…”可知此处应用“they”的反身代词themselves“他们自己”,enjoy oneself“玩得开心”。故填themselves。
8. Lin Dong and Li Bailing love sports. I usually play badminton with . (they)
【答案】them
【详解】句意:林东和李百灵喜欢运动。我通常和他们一起打羽毛球。根据“with”可知,此处with表示“和……一起”,用作介词,介词后面要接人称代词的宾格形式作宾语。they是主格形式,其宾格形式是them。故填them。
9. Tony tried to look for answers but couldn’t find (something) helpful.
【答案】anything
【详解】句意:Tony试图寻找答案,但他找不到任何有用的东西。something“某事”,常用于肯定句。根据“but couldn’t find”可知,后半句为否定句,用anything,作宾语。故填anything。
10. This is my dad, favourite food is hot pot. (he)
【答案】his
【详解】句意:这是我爸爸,他最喜欢的食物是火锅。空后是名词“favourite food”,空处应是he的形容词性物主代词his。故填his。
三、短文填空
A(语法填空)
(2025·广东深圳·一模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last year, China Foreign Languages Publishing Administration started a sports exchange program between Chinese and French young people, mainly focusing on football. This program aims 1 (improve) the friendship and cooperation between the youth of both countries.
This event is part of the celebration of the 2 (sixty) anniversary of diplomatic (外交) relations between China and France. AJ Auxerre was one of the first French football 3 (club) to join this program. At first, they signed 4 agreement with Chinese partners during the opening ceremony. This agreement also includes plans to build a training base 5 will not only help Chinese football players learn but also improve their skills while experiencing French culture. For young Chinese football players at AJ Auxerre, it is really of great help.
After that, the first activities under this program took place from December 2nd to 9th 6 (successful). During this time, Chinese and French teams played games together and shared experiences.
Feng Yu, the captain of China’s artistic swimming team and a gold medalist at the 2024 Paris Olympics, 7 (choose) as the ambassador (大使) for these events. 8 (she) role is to inspire young people and promote the importance of sports and cultural exchange.
This program is a good chance 9 the youth of both countries to learn from each other. It helps young athletes improve their skills and makes the relationship between China and France much 10 (strong).
【答案】
1.to improve 2.sixtieth 3.clubs 4.an 5.which/that 6.successfully 7.was chosen 8.Her 9.for 10.stronger
【导语】本文介绍了中国外文出版发行事业局启动的中法青年体育交流项目,该项目为两国青年提供了相互学习的机会,有助于提升运动员技能并加强中法关系。
1.句意:这个项目旨在增进两国青年之间的友谊和合作。aim to do sth.意为“旨在做某事”,固定搭配。故空处需动词不定式。故填to improve。
2.句意:这次活动是庆祝中法建交60周年的一部分。根据“the...anniversary...”可知,空处指“第60个周年”,需序数词。故填sixtieth。
3.句意:AJ Auxerre是最早加入该项目的法国足球俱乐部之一。“one of the+名词复数”为固定用法,表示“……中之一”,故空处需名词复数形式。故填clubs。
4.句意:最初,他们在开幕式上与中国合作伙伴签署了一项协议。根据“...agreement with...”可知,空处指“一项协议”,需不定冠词,agreement是以元音音素开头的单词,需冠词an修饰。故填an。
5.句意:这项协议还包括建立一个训练基地的计划,该基地不仅帮助中国足球运动员学习,还能提高他们的技能,同时体验法国文化。根据分析句子结构可知,本句为定语从句,需关系代词which/that,先行词为a training base。故填which/that。
6.句意:之后,该项目的首次活动于12月2日至9日成功举行。took place为动词短语,需副词修饰。successful“成功的”为形容词,其副词为successfully。故填successfully。
7.句意:中国艺术游泳队队长、2024年巴黎奥运会金牌得主冯雨被选为这些活动的大使。主语Feng Yu与动词choose之间为被动关系,本文主体时态为一般过去时,故需一般过去时的被动语态,其结构为was/were+done,主语为名词单数,助动词需was,choose的过去分词为chosen。故填was chosen。
8.句意:她的角色是激励年轻人,并促进体育和文化交流的重要性。根据“...role”可知,空处需形容词性物主代词来修饰名词role,she为主格,其形容词性物主代词为her,放句首时,首字母要大写。故填Her。
9.句意:这个项目是两国青年相互学习的好机会。a chance for sb to do sth.“某人做某事的机会”,固定搭配。故填for。
10.句意:它帮助年轻运动员提高技能,并使中法关系更加牢固。根据“much”可知,much 修饰比较级,故空处需strong的比较级stronger。故填stronger。
B(选词填空)
(2025·广东·模拟预测)请从方框内选择适当的词,并根据需要用其正确形式填空,使文章语法正确、完整连贯,并将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。注意:每空一词,每词仅用一次,有两词为多余项。
trouble, about, instead, they, develop, but, or, get, feeling, because, angry, in
Everyone may meet some unhappy things. How should we deal with 1 ? Here is some advice.
Don’t talk 2 others behind their backs. That means not gossiping (说闲话) about your teachers, your classmates 3 your friends. Gossiping about other people only sends bad 4 , and this will get back to them finally. They will not like you and even get 5 with you. So you should say good things about people.
Don’t try to fight with unreasonable (不理智的) people, 6 you will find it unnecessary to explain to people who don’t listen to you. Communicating with them is almost useless. If it’s really hard for you to 7 along with someone, then stay away. Don’t tell people when they’re acting poorly. 8 , stay away from them as far as possible.
Be polite. Being kind and polite can help you get out of 9 . Say “please” and “thank you”, and be polite to others. 10 a habit of good manners and good social skills is good for you. If you’re impolite to people, you’ll develop a bad reputation (名声). No one will help you if you are in trouble. That’s the worst situation that nobody wants.
【答案】
1.them 2.about 3.or 4.feelings 5.angry 6.because 7.get 8.Instead 9.trouble 10.Developing
【导语】本文主要介绍了人们在生活中应该如何应对不愉快的事情,并提供了一些建议。
1.句意:我们应该如何处理它们?根据“Everyone may meet some unhappy things.”可知,这里是如何处理它们,需用they的宾格代词them。故填them。
2.句意:不要在背后议论他人。根据“others behind their backs.”可知,不要在背后议论他人,talk about议论。故填about。
3.句意:这意味着不要八卦你的老师、同学或朋友。根据“your classmates…your friends.”可知,否定句中的“和”用or。故填or。
4.句意:八卦别人只会带来不好的感觉,这最终会回到他们身上。根据“Gossiping about other people only sends bad”可知,这里指八卦别人只会带来不好的感觉,feeling意为“感觉”,这里用复数形式feelings。故填feelings。
5.句意:他们不会喜欢你,甚至会生你的气。根据“They will not like you”可知,这里指生气,angry意为“生气的”。故填angry。
6.句意:不要试图与不讲道理的人打架,因为你会发现没有必要向不听你的人解释。根据“you will find it unnecessary to explain to people who don’t listen to you.”可知,这里是由because引导的句子。故填because。
7.句意:如果你真的很难和某人相处,那就远离他。根据“along with someone,”可知,这里是和某人相处,get along with固定短语。To后跟动词原形。故填get。
8.句意:相反,尽可能远离他们。根据“stay away from them as far as possible.”可知,这里是相反,instead意为“相反”,首字母大写。故填Instead。
9.句意:善良和礼貌可以帮助你摆脱麻烦。根据“Being kind and polite”可知,这里是帮助你摆脱麻烦,trouble意为“麻烦”。故填trouble。
10.句意:养成礼貌和良好社交技巧的习惯对你有好处。根据“a habit of good manners”可知,这里是养成礼貌和良好社交技巧,develop意为“发展”,作主语,需用动名词,首字母大写。故填Developing。
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