Unit 3 Progress？（单元测试·提升卷）英语沪教版2020必修第二册

2025-2026学年高一必修第二册英语单元测试 Unit 3 ·提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Professor. B. Nurse. C. Librarian. D. Physician. 2. A. A school trip. B. An old photo. C. Jenny’ s hairstyle. D. A school uniform. 3. A. At a friend's house. B. At a grocery store. C. At a music festival. D. At a restaurant .4. A. Because she needs to revise her paper. B. Because she prefers to stay at home. C. Because she is on a tight schedule. D. Because she is not feeling well. 5. A. She missed her friends. B. She thinks she's catching another cold. C. She likes tomato sauce. D. She has a lot of work to make up. 6. A. Change the meeting time. B. Check on Alice's situation. C. Keep waiting until Alice comes. D. Text Alice to discuss the weather. 7. A. Tom's speed in submitting essays is impressive. B. Tom often overlooks important details. C. Tom has a good habit in submitting essays. D. Tom is a role model for time management. 8. A. Looking for a job. B. Checking the brochure. C. Asking for information. D. Making an appointment. 9. A. Exciting. B. Curious. C. Supportive. D. Doubtful. 10. A. She expects the man to pay for the meal. B. She is willing to pay her share. C. She thinks she was not treated well. D. She is indifferent about how to pay. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Less than 1 gram. B. About 5 grams. C. More than 6 grams . D. About 17 grams. 12. A. Because processed foods offer low nutritional value. B. Because mass production is required for these foods. C. Because it's hard to know how much salt you' re consuming. D. Because processed foods are generally more expensive. 13. A. The importance of controlling salt intake. B. The history of salt preservation. C. The salt consumption habits in various regions. D. The recommendations on daily salt intake. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. She wants her dog to have social interactions. B. She wants her dog to earn money for her. C. She doesn't have enough space at home for her dog. D. She doesn't have time to walk her dog every day. 15. A. They make customers buy expensive pet supplies. B. They charge customers a fee to interact with the pets. C. They only welcome pets whose owners work there. D. They focus primarily on providing services for pets. 16. A. Pets in China are becoming more expensive to own. B. Pet cafes in China will soon replace traditional cafes. C. More pets in China are expected to take jobs in pet cafes. D. More people are turning to pets for companionship. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. The airport and downtown. B. The major attractions in the city. C. The five main areas of New York. D. The different subway lines. 18. A. $2.75. B. $30. C. $35. D. $55. 19. A. The metro card. B. The bus plus pass. C. The city pass. D. The flexi pass. 20. A. He prefers to travel by bus. B. He plans to visit New York alone. C. He is on a strict budget. D. He has never visited New York before. 【答案】 1-5 DBDCD 6-10 BBCDA 11-13 BCA 14-16 ABD 17-20 CCBD 【听力原文】 Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. M: I've had a terrible cough for the past few days. W: Don' t worry. I'll check your lungs to see what might be causing it. Q: What is most probably the woman's job? 2. M: Look at this old photo. I can't even recognize myself in that school uniform. W: Yeah, and Jenny had that short haircut back then, like a boy. Q: What are they talking about? 3. M: The dishes here are really awful! I'm seriously considering leaving! W: I've heard the desserts are quite good. We still have something to look forward to. Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place? 4. M: Would you like to go see a movie later? W: I'd love to, but I'm quite busy at the moment. I have a paper due tomorrow. Q: Why does the woman decline the invitation? 5. M: Hi, Annie! You are looking better. It's nice to have you back. W: Thanks. I just hope I can catch up on all the work I've missed. Q: What does Annie mean? W: It's pouring outside, and I'm really worried about Alice. She should have been here 20 minutes ago. M: You'd better text her to check what's going on, and maybe you can decide on a different meeting place. Q: What does the man suggest the woman do next? 7. M: Tom is the first one to submit his essay again. He's so quick! W: Actually, he always jumps to conclusions without considering all the facts. Q: What can be implied from this conversation? 8. M: I'm interested in the volunteer positions here. Could you provide me with more information? W: Sorry, the person in charge isn't here right now, but you can browse the brochure. Q: What is the man doing? 9. M: Peter has taken on a new hobby. This time, he has decided to master the guitar! W: He always talks big. Q: What is the woman's attitude towards Peter's new hobby? 10. M: Shall we split the bill for dinner? W: What! I thought you were treating us this time! Q: What does the woman mean? Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, you will have seven seconds to decide which choice would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. Salt is essential for our survival. However, many people consume too much salt,which can lead to serious health issues like high blood pressure and heart disease. The World Health Organization recommends a daily salt intake of less than 5 grams,roughly a teaspoon. Surprisingly, some regions report average salt consumption of 17grams per day, significantly exceeding this guideline. Historically, some cultures used salt to preserve food, especially meat and dairy products, during long travels. While this practice was practical in the past, modern processed foods contain hidden salt, making it challenging to monitor our intake. Health experts are concerned about high salt consumption and its link to premature health issues.For example, the Australian government has reduced its recommended daily intake to 6grams, while the UK now advises just 5 grams. To live a healthier life, it's crucial to limit both salt and processed foods. Instead of relying solely on salt for flavor, consider using herbs and spices to enhance your meals. By being careful of our salt intake, we can enjoy delicious food while maintaining our well-being. Questions 11. How much daily intake of salt is probably the healthiest according to the passage? 12. Why is it important to limit processed food intake according to the passage? 13. What is the passage mainly about? Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. Jane Xue sent her 2-year-old pet dog, named Rocky, off to her first day of work in mid-September. Her employer? A dog cafe in Fuzhou, in southeastern China. “I feel it's just like parents sending their kids off to school,” the 27-year-old girl told the reporter as she dropped Rocky off for her new part-time job. “Rocky gets to play with other dogs and won't feel so lonely,” she added. In addition to being surrounded by playmates, Xue says Rocky's job in the cafe allows her to save money. If she leaves Rocky at home, she has to run the air-conditioning all day. Pet cafes are a big business in China. Visitors get to interact with the animals that wander in the shop, allowing the cafe owners to charge more. Customers visiting China's cat and dog cafes usually pay an entrance fee, ranging from 30——60 yuan per person, or simply need to order something like a cup of coffee. Xue's idea might sound unconventional, but it's a growing trend in China. Called“earn snack money”, the phrase originates from the idea that these pets are actually working at cat and dog cafes and then returning home to their families at night. Questions 14. What is one reason for Jane Xue to send her dog to the cafe? 15. Which of the following is true about the pet cafes in China? 16. What can be learned about the growing trend mentioned at the end of the passage? Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. M: Hey, do you have a minute? Our trip to New York is less than a month away, and I wanted to discuss some transportation options with you. W: I thought we'd just get a metro card there. M: That's an expensive option. Each ride is $2.75. That'll add up quickly, especially if we're sightseeing. W: Well, what are the other options? M: We could get a city pass. For $35, we'd get unlimited subway and local bus rides for seven days. But that does not include the express buses, which travel between the five main areas of New York. W: That would be a problem. Do we have other options? M: Well, we could get the bus plus pass. They're $30, and they include the express bus, but not the subway. W: Well, is it convenient to get around by bus? M: I'm not sure——I've never been to New York before. Also, it can be stressful trying to figure out bus routes. W: Well, is there an option that includes everything? M: Yeah, there's a flexi pass. It's $55, and it provides access to all the services for seven days. W: Let's just get that one then. I'd rather not worry about transportation while we're there. And $55 for a week isn't terribly expensive. M: OK, then. Let's get the flexi pass. Questions 17. What locations does the express bus travel between? 18. How much does the city pass cost? 19. Which option does NOT include the subway? 20. What can we learn about the man from the conversation? II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. I received an email from a reader who asked, “Why do some friendships end, no matter how much you want them to last?” She referred to 21 (see) the question in one of my articles, Mystery of Friendship. As I wrote in it, I don’t think easy answers exist as to how friendships start, why some turn into lifetime 22 , and why some end. Although I’ve tried answering the first two questions in other articles (To Have A Friend and Be A Friend), I still get surprised by friendships that endure and disillusioned by those that slip away. Even so, I’ll try to offer some insights here as to why friendships end. My simple answer is that friendships end because the situations 23 friends are in or even the friends themselves change. First, the realities friends face may change. The decision to relocate 24 a new school or job cannot help but affect a friendship. Likewise, if a friend is in an accident, develops an illness, or loses someone close, these cannot help but affect a friendship. Does a friendship need to end because of these changes? No, but it’ll require adjustments that one or both friends 25 not be willing to make. Second, the friends themselves may change. A significant reason why friendships often end 26 friends are apart for an 27 (extend) period of time (for summer camp, college, etc.) is that one or both of the friends change. I think it 28 (hurt) less when both friends change, because then the breakup is more often mutual and so both friends get closure by both deciding to let go and move forward in their lives without each other. What tends to hurt most is when just one friend changes. One friend might change social circles, become involved in new social organizations, start to date, get a pet, or take on some other venture that consumes more time and passion. Again, a friendship can endure these changes, 29 one or both of the friends for some reason decide not to invest the time and energy involved in the adjustment period. In this situation, breakups may not be mutual and so one or both friends feel betrayed and end up with bitter memories about 30 was a precious friendship to them. 【答案】 21．having seen 22．ones 23．that/which 24．for 25．might 26．when 27．extended 28．hurts 29．unless 30．what 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作者对于为什么友谊会结束的几点看法。 21．考查时态。句意：她提到在我的一篇文章《友谊的奥秘》中看到过这个问题。分析句子结构可知，固定短语refer to（提到；涉及）后接动名词，根据语境可知，此处表示“读者已经看过这篇文章”，应用动名词的完成时。故填having seen。 22．考查代词。句意：正如我在文章中所写的，我不认为存在简单的答案，比如友谊是如何开始的，为什么有些会成为一生的友谊，为什么有些会结束。此处指一些友谊变成“一生的友谊”，为同类异物泛指，应用ones。故填ones。 23．考查定语从句。句意：我的简单回答是，友谊的结束是因为朋友所处的环境或者是朋友本身发生了变化。分析句子结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词the situations指物，从句中缺少宾语，可使用关系代词that或which在从句中作宾语。故填that/which。 24．考查介词。句意：为了新学校或新工作而搬迁的决定不得不影响友谊。分析句子结构可知，此处表示“为了新学校或者新工作”而搬家的决定，可使用介词for，表示“为了……”。故填for。 25．考查情态动词。句意：不，但这需要你做出调整，而你或你的朋友可能都不愿意做。前文提到友谊可能因为各种原因而结束，如果不想要友谊结束的话，就要其中一方或者双方做出改变，而友谊之所以会结束，就是因为有可能没有人愿意做出改变，空后动词使用了原形，根据语境可知，空处可使用情态动词might，表示“可能”，语气更加委婉。故填might。 26．考查连词。句意：朋友长时间不在一起（如参加夏令营、上大学等）友谊常常会终止的一个重要原因是一方或双方改变了。分析句子结构可知，此处表示“当朋友们长时间分开始时”，可使用连词when引导时间状语从句。故填when。 27．考查形容词。句意：朋友长时间不在一起（如参加夏令营、上大学等）友谊常常会终止的一个重要原因是一方或双方改变了。分析句子结构可知，空处可使用形容词extended（延长了的）在句中作定语修饰名词period。故填extended。 28．考查时态。句意：我认为当朋友双方都改变时，其伤害较轻，因为这时的分手往往是互相的，双方都决定不再交往，从此各奔东西，让友谊终结。空处为宾语从句的谓语，根据语境可知，该句陈述一般事实，应用一般现在时，主语是it，故填hurts。 29．考查连词。句意：当然，友谊是经得起这些变化的，除非一方或双方由于某种原因决定不再在友谊调整期内投入必要的时间和精力。分析句子结构可知，空处前后句子结构完整，因此需使用连词连接两个句子，结合语境，使用unless引导条件状语从句，表示“除非”。故填unless。 30．考查宾语从句。句意：在这种情况下，分手可能不是相互的，所以一个或两个朋友都觉得被背叛了，并以痛苦的回忆结束对他们来说这段宝贵的友谊。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语成分，指代事物，应用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．categorise B．creation C．sake D．innovative E. maximum F. packed G. pedestrianise H. processing I. shape J. short-lived K. transformation All Change in Curitiba! Like many other major world cities, Curitiba in southern Brazil has had to deal with issues such as pollution, poverty, and limited public funding. However, the architect and three-times mayor of the city, Jaime Lerner, has introduced some 31 solutions. As part of his ‘Master Plan’, Lerner hoped to make the city more environmentally friendly. He initiated a recycling scheme. In return for delivering recyclable rubbish to specified 32 points, residents receive a bag of vegetables or bus tickets. As a result, Curitiba now has one of the highest recycling rates in the world. Lerner also ordered the 33 of 26 urban parks. As well as preventing pollution, these control flooding. Lerner did not win over all the city’s residents immediately, however. When his plans to 34 part of the centre were passed, local businesses were up in arms, fearing a reduction in profits. Realising he needed to act quickly, Lerner had the 35 of six blocks completed within three days. When a group of motorists attempted to drive through the new pedestrian area, Lerner arranged for local primary schools to hold a painting workshop on the streets. The drivers were forced to turn back. Luckily for Lerner, this rebellion was 36 . The increase in profit rapidly persuaded shop owners to change their minds. Lerner’s determination helped 37 the Curitiba of today. The average income per capita has risen from a level that was below the Brazilian average in the 1970s to 66% above the average, and surveys indicate high levels of resident satisfaction. So, is it all just one big success story? In some respects, Curitiba may have been too successful for its own 38 . People and businesses have come to the city, which now has more than 1.8 million residents. This has put the city under enormous stress. Forty years ago, buses transported 54,000 passengers a day. Now the number is 2.3 million. According to some experts, the transport system has reached its 39 efficiency capacity. Following a rise in complaints about the noisy and 40 buses, the service is in decline. 【答案】 31．D 32．A 33．H 34．G 35．K 36．J 37．I 38．C 39．E 40．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了发生在库里提巴的改变。 31．考查形容词。句意：然而，建筑师兼三届市长Jaime Lerner提出了一些创新的解决方案。前文提到库里提巴在污染、贫穷等方面遇到的问题，后文提到的是市长Lerner做出的创新性的解决办法。空处需使用形容词作定语修饰名词solutions。innovative（创新的）符合文意，故选D。 32．考查动词。句意：居民将可回收垃圾送到指定的分类点，作为回报，他们会得到一袋蔬菜或一张公交车票。前文提到“He initiated a recycling scheme”（他发起了一项回收计划。）Lerner发起环保回收计划，因此需要将垃圾放到指定分类点，对垃圾进行分类，然后就会获得蔬菜或公交车票。A项categorise（分类）符合文意。故选A。 33．考查名词。句意：勒纳还下令对26个城市公园进行处理。除了防止污染，它们还能控制洪水。后文提到“As well as preventing pollution, these control flooding.”（除了防止污染，它们还能控制洪水。）公园的作用不止于此，说明市长Lerner对公园进行了改造加工。H项processing（加工）符合文意。故选H。 34．考查动词。句意：当他将市中心部分地区步行街化的计划获得通过时，当地企业非常反对，担心利润会减少。后文提到“When a group of motorists attempted to drive through the new pedestrian area, Lerner arranged for local primary schools to hold a painting workshop on the streets.”（当一群驾车者试图开车穿过新的步行区时，勒纳安排当地小学在街道上举办绘画讲习班。），说明Lerner想要将市中心区域改造成步行区域。G项pedestrianise（使（某一地区）无车辆行驶，使成为步行区）符合文意。故选G。 35．考查名词。句意：勒纳意识到他需要迅速采取行动，他在三天内完成了六个街区的改造。前文提到Lerner要将市中心区域改造为步行街，此处表示他在三天内改造了六个区域。K项transformation（改造）符合文意。故选K。 36．考查形容词。句意：幸运的是，叛乱是短暂的。后文提到“The increase in profit rapidly persuaded shop owners to change their minds.”（利润的增加很快使店主们改变了主意。）前文提到店家以为利润会下降而不配合这次改造，但利润的上升让他们改变了主意，说明此次对抗是短暂的。J项short-lived（短暂的）符合文意。故选J。 37．考查动词。句意：勒纳的决心塑造了今天的库里提巴。后文提到“The average income per capita has risen from a level that was below the Brazilian average in the 1970s to 66% above the average, and surveys indicate high levels of resident satisfaction.”（人均收入从20世纪70年代低于巴西平均水平的水平上升到高于平均水平66%的水平，调查显示居民满意度很高。）由此判断，Lerner对库里提巴的改造使得人均收入提高，并且居民满意度也上涨，说明他的对库里提巴的改造是成功的。I项shape（塑造；形成）符合文意。故选I。 38．考查名词。句意：在某些方面，库里蒂巴可能过于成功了。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定短语for one's own sake，意为“为了自己的利益”。C项sake（缘故;利益）符合文意。故选C。 39．考查形容词。句意：据一些专家称，运输系统已经达到了最高效率。前文提到“Forty years ago, buses transported 54,000 passengers a day. Now the number is 2.3 million. ”（40年前，公共汽车每天运送54000名乘客。现在这个数字是230万。）由此判断，对于现在的库里提巴来讲，已达到了其最大的运输量。E项maximum（最大限度的）符合文意。故选E。 40．考查形容词。随着对公共汽车噪音和拥挤的投诉增多，服务质量正在下降。前文提到公交乘客人数增长过多，可能会导致拥挤的情况。F项packed（拥挤的）符合文意。故选F。 III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context History suggests that societies generally overestimate the short-term implications of new technologies while underestimating longer-term ones. Current experience with artificial intelligence — the technology enabled by machine-learning — suggests we are getting it 41 this time. There’s too much talk about the potential “ 42 risk” to humanity posed by AI, and too little about our experience of it so far and corporate plans for exploiting the technology. Although AI has been hiding in plain sight for a decade, it took most people by surprise. The appearance of ChatGPT last November signaled that the world had discovered a powerful new technology. Not for nothing is this new “generative AI” called “ 43 ”: it provides the base on which the next wave of digital innovation will be built. It is also transformational in innumerable ways: it weakens centuries-old conceptions of intellectual property, 44 , and it has the potential radically to increase productivity, reshape industries, change the nature of some kinds of work and so on. On top of that, though, it also raises troubling questions about the 45 of humans and their capabilities. The continuing dispute between the Hollywood studios and screenwriters’ and actors’ unions perfectly illustrates the 46 of the challenges posed by AI. Both groups are up in arms about the way online streaming has reduced their earnings. But the writers also fear their role will be 47 simply to rewriting AI-generated scripts; and actors are concerned that detailed digital scanning 48 by new movie contracts will allow studios to create persuasive deepfakes of them that studios will be able to own and use “for the rest of eternity (永久), in any project they want, with no permission and no compensation”. So the key question for democracies is: how can we ensure AI is used for human flourishing 49 corporate gain? On this question, the news from 50 is not good. A recent study by two renowned economists, Daron Acemoglu and Simon Johnson, of 1,000 years of technological progress shows that although some benefits have usually trickled (流) down to the 51 , the rewards have — with one exception — invariably gone to those who own and control the technology. The “ 52 ” was a period in which democracies fostered countervailing powers (抵消力量) — civil-society organisations, free media, activists, trade unions and other progressive, technically informed institutions that supplied a steady flow of ideas about how technology could be repurposed for 53 rather than exclusively for private profit. This is the lesson from history that societies confronted by the AI challenge need to relearn. There are some signs that governments may finally have realized the problem. The EU, for example, has an ambitious and far-reaching AI Act that is making its way through the union’s processes. In the US, the Biden administration recently published a “Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights”, which looks impressive but is 54 just a list of aspirations that some of the big tech companies claim to share. It’s a start — provided governments don’t forget that leaving the implementation of powerful new technologies solely to corporations is always a(n) 55 idea. 41． A．the other way round B．all the way back C．one way or the other D．just in the way 42．A．economical B．existential C．economic D．commercial 43．A．distinguished B．prosperous C．pioneering D．foundational 44．A．for example B．by contrast C．in turn D．at most 45．A．prospects B．inspirations C．virtues D．uniqueness 46．A．origin B．extent C．implication D．constitution 47．A．credited B．attributed C．reduced D．exposed 48．A．enabled B．facilitated C．implemented D．possessed 49．A．as well as B．in exchange for C．rather than D．as opposed to 50．A．society B．frontier C．press D．history 51．A．corporations B．masses C．governments D．industries 52．A．exception B．reminder C．outcome D．benefit 53．A．scientific discoveries B．energy conservation C．social good D．job security 54．A．supposedly B．essentially C．necessarily D．commonly 55．A．impressive B．sensible C．outdated D．bad 【答案】 41．A 42．B 43．D 44．A 45．D 46．B 47．C 48．A 49．C 50．D 51．B 52．A 53．C 54．B 55．D 【导语】本文是说明文。本文主要讲述了人工智能发展对人类的影响，以及民主国家在面对人工智能挑战时，如何确保人工智能的使用为人类繁荣而不是企业获利的关键问题。 41．考查固定短语辨析。句意：目前人工智能(由机器学习实现的技术)的经验表明，这一次我们得到了相反的结果。A. the other way round反过来；B. all the way back一路返回；C. one way or the other不管怎样；D. just in the way妨碍，挡道。根据后文“There’s too much talk about the potential “　　　　 risk” to humanity posed by AI, and too little about our experience of it so far and corporate plans for exploiting the technology.”可知，对于人工智能，对长期影响讨论的多，但是对人工智能的体验和企业开发这项技术的计划却太少了，也就是短期计划太少，所以是相反的结果。故选A项。 42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：关于人工智能给人类带来的潜在“生存风险”的讨论太多了，而关于我们迄今为止对人工智能的体验和企业开发这项技术的计划却太少了。A. economical经济的；B. existential与人类存在有关的；C. economic经济的；D. commercial商业的。根据前文“There’s too much talk about the potential”以及后文“to humanity posed by AI”结合选项与实际可知，人们一直在谈论人工智能消灭人类的风险，也就是与人类存在有关的风险。故选B项。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种新的“生成式人工智能”被称为“基础性的”并非没有道理：它为下一波数字创新提供了基础。A. distinguished杰出的；B. prosperous繁荣的；C. pioneering开拓性的；D. foundational基础的。根据后文“it provides the base on which the next wave of digital innovation will be built”可知，ChatGPT提供了基础，所以是基础的。故选D项。 44．考查介词短语辨析。句意：它也在无数方面具有变革性：例如，它削弱了几个世纪以来对知识产权的概念，它有可能从根本上提高生产率，重塑行业，改变某些工作的性质等等。A. for example例如；B. by contrast相比之下；C. in turn依次；D. at most至多。根据前文“It is also transformational in innumerable ways: it weakens centuries-old conceptions of intellectual property”以及后文“it has the potential radically to increase productivity, reshape industries, change the nature of some kinds of work and so on.”可知，这些都是在为变革性举例子。故选A项。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，最重要的是，它也提出了关于人类独特性及其能力的令人不安的问题。A. prospects前景；B. inspirations灵感；C. virtues美德；D. uniqueness独特性。根据后文“The continuing dispute between the Hollywood studios and screenwriters’ and actors’ unions”作者以好莱坞电影工作室与编剧和演员工会之间的持续争议举例，来说AI可能会代替写剧本和演员表演，而这些，之前只有人能作，也就是人类独特性的问题。故选D项。 46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：好莱坞电影工作室与编剧和演员工会之间的持续争议完美地展示了人工智能所带来挑战的广泛程度。A. origin起源；B. extent程度；C. implication可能的影响；D. constitution宪法。根据后文“the challenges posed by AI”结合选项，可知此处应是固定搭配：the extent of challenges意为“挑战的程度”符合语境。故选B项。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但编剧们也担心，他们的角色将被简化为改写人工智能生成的剧本。A. credited把…记入贷方；B. attributed把…归因于；C. reduced减少；D. exposed暴露。根据后文“rewriting AI-generated scripts”结合选项可知，此处应是固定搭配：be reduced to意为“沦落为”符合语境。故选C项。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：演员们担心由新的电影合同带来的详细数字扫描将使电影工作室能够创造出具有说服力的以他们为原型的深度伪造作品，而这些工作室将能够“永久地以任何他们想要的项目，无需许可和补偿”拥有和使用。A. enabled使能够；B. facilitated促进；C. implemented实施；D. possessed拥有。根据后文“by new movie contracts will allow studios to create persuasive deepfakes of them that studios”可知，应是“够创造出具有说服力的以他们为原型的深度伪造作品”之意符合语境。故选A项。 49．考查介词短语辨析。句意：因此，民主国家面临的关键问题是：我们如何确保人工智能被用于人类繁荣，而不是企业利益?A. as well as以及；B. in exchange for作为交换；C. rather than而不是；D. as opposed to与...相对。根据前文“So the key question for democracies is: how can we ensure AI is used for human flourishing”以及后文“corporate gain”可知，此处是“确保人工智能被用于人类繁荣，而不是企业利益”之意。故选C项。 50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个问题上，历史的消息并不乐观。A. society社会；B. frontier边境；C. press新闻界；D. history历史。根据后文“A recent study by two renowned economists, Daron Acemoglu and Simon Johnson, of 1,000 years of technological progress”可知，研究了1000年的技术进步，所以是从历史得到消息。故选D项。 51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：两位著名经济学家达隆·阿西莫格鲁和西蒙·约翰逊最近对1000年的技术进步进行的研究表明，尽管一些好处通常流向了大众，但回报——除了一个例外——总是流向那些拥有和控制技术的人。A. corporations公司；B. masses民众；C. governments政府；D. industries工业。根据前文“So the key question for democracies is: how can we ensure AI is used for human flourishing”以及“On this question, the news from 　　　 is not good.”可知，本来应是确保技术的进步为大众服务，但是历史上并不是这样，所以只有一些好处通常流向了大众。故选B项。 52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“例外”指的是民主国家培育对抗力量的时期——公民社会组织、自由媒体、活动人士、工会和其他进步的、技术上知情的机构，这些机构源源不断地提供关于如何将技术重新用于社会利益而非仅仅用于私人利润的想法。A. exception例外；B. reminder提醒；C. outcome结果；D. benefit利益。根据前文“with one exception”以及后文“a period in which democracies fostered countervailing powers”可知，本段在介绍这个例外。故选A项。 53．考查名词短语辨析。句意：“例外”指的是民主国家培育对抗力量的时期——公民社会组织、自由媒体、活动人士、工会和其他进步的、技术上知情的机构，这些机构源源不断地提供关于如何将技术重新用于社会利益而非仅仅用于私人利润的想法。A. scientific discoveries科学发现；B. energy conservation节能；C. social good社会利益；D. job security工作保障。根据前文“The “　　　　” was a period in which democracies fostered countervailing powers”可知， 本段是讲述例外，也就是技术进步的利益用于大众而不是掌握技术的机构，也就是用于社会利益。故选C项。 54．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在美国，拜登(Biden)政府最近发布了一份“人工智能权利法案蓝图”(Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights)，看起来令人印象深刻，但本质上只是一些大型科技公司声称共享的愿望清单。A. supposedly据说；B. essentially本质上；C. necessarily必要地；D. commonly通常地。根据后文“just a list of aspirations that some of the big tech companies claim to share”可知，此处是在讲述拜登政府推出一份法案，看起来令人印象深刻，但本质上只是一些大型科技公司声称共享的愿望清单。故选B项。 55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个开始——前提是政府不要忘记，把强大的新技术的实施完全交给公司总是一个坏主意。A. impressive给人印象深刻的；B. sensible明智的；C. outdated过时的；D. bad坏的。根据前文内容可知，作者认为科技进步应服务于大众，而不是企业利益，所以作者认为把强大的新技术的实施完全交给公司总是一个坏主意。故选D项。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) As a boy, when Jonny Kinkead wasn’t making things using the tools in his dad’s garage, he was messing about with a guitar. And the two pre-occupations have been his living for the past four decades: building steel-string guitars by hand. “The guitar still appeals to me,” he says. “Making a sound out of wood—it’s amazing what you can do.” Jonny learned to play his brother’s guitar when he was eleven. Then, when he was sixteen, he wanted to learn the bass guitar. “Some people would have got a holiday job and saved up and bought one,” he says. “But I was of a mindset that if you wanted something, you made it.” Although the bass was the first instrument Jonny built from nothing, he and his brothers had long been doing essentially the same thing with other items. “I made model boats and aeroplanes as a child, so I was familiar with that process. My father had taught me and my brothers how to use tools, and we had free materials in the garage.” Jonny had also been customizing and repairing instruments for his mates. Jonny’s bass guitar turned out well, but the idea of a career building guitars had yet to cross his mind. “My ambition then was to be a sculptor,” he says. His interests evolved further and on finishing school, he chose to study architecture at university. Halfway through the course, however, he dropped out, but left with a clearer idea of what he wanted to do and started to think seriously about guitar making. “I was still interested in painting and sculpture but I realized that when you are building guitars, you’re actually sculpting sound.” In addition, he explains, “I thought this might be more reliable than being an artist as it’s craft-based.” Ever since then, Jonny has made guitars for a living. For the first ten years, he added to his income by cleaning windows part-time. The first guitars he sold only went for the cost of the materials, but as he developed a reputation as one of the best guitar-makers around, he was able to charge a little more. But even now, almost forty years later, Jonny describes what he does as “still scratching a living”. He admits he can never actually turn out more than ten guitars a year, which inevitably restricts his earnings. 56．Why did Jonny choose to make a bass guitar for himself in his teens? A．He regarded it as the natural thing to do. B．He feared that he would not be able to afford one. C．He saw it as good practice for making other guitars. D．He thought he could ensure it was in the style he wanted. 57．In paragraph 3, “that process” refers to _____. A．doing some favours for friends B．cooperating with his brothers C．creating something from nothing D．getting tools and materials ready 58．What does Jonny say about the architecture course he attended? A．It gave him the chance to explore different types of art. B．It helped him become financially independent. C．It provided him with ideas for guitar design. D．It enabled him to decide on a career path. 59．Jonny suggests that the main reason for his low income is _____. A．the high cost of the materials he makes guitars with B．the small number of guitars that he produces C．the limited demand for hand-made guitars D．the competition between guitar-makers 【答案】56．A 57．C 58．D 59．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Jonny Kinkead由于小时候的经历在念大学时决定选择制作低音吉他作为自己的职业。 56．细节理解题。根据第二段的“ “Some people would have got a holiday job and saved up and bought one,” he says. “But I was of a mindset that if you wanted something, you made it.” (他说：“有些人会找到一份假期工作，然后存起来买一份。”。“但我的想法，如果你想要什么，你就自己做。”)”可知，Jonny在十几岁时选择自己做一把贝斯吉他是因为他认为自己做是理所当然的。故选A。 57．词句猜测题。根据第三段的“Although the bass was the first instrument Jonny built from nothing, he and his brothers had long been doing essentially the same thing with other items.“I made model boats and aeroplanes as a child, so I was familiar with that process.  (尽管低音贝斯是Jonny从无到有制作的第一种乐器，但他和他的兄弟们长期以来一直在对其他乐器做基本相同的事情。“我小时候做过模型船和飞机，所以我对这个过程很熟悉。”)”可知，Jonny和兄弟们长期以来在父亲的指导下自己制作乐器，这是一个从无到有的创造过程。由此猜测that process指的是“从无到有制作一件东西”。故选C。 58．细节理解题。根据第四段的“Jonny’s bass guitar turned out well, but the idea of a career building guitars had yet to cross his mind. “My ambition then was to be a sculptor,” he says. His interests evolved further and on finishing school, he chose to study architecture at university. Halfway through the course, however, he dropped out, but left with a clearer idea of what he wanted to do and started to think seriously about guitar making. (乔尼的低音吉他非常不错，但他还没有想过要用吉他来建立职业生涯。“当时我的志向是成为一名雕塑家，”他说。他的兴趣进一步发展，在完成学业后，他选择在大学学习建筑。然而，课程进行到一半时，他退出了，但离开时对自己想做什么有了更清晰的想法，并开始认真思考吉他制作)”可知，Jonny所上的建筑学课程促使他决定了以制作吉他为职业。故选D。 59．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“He admits he can never actually turn out more than ten guitars a year, which inevitably restricts his earnings. (他承认，实际上他一年制作的吉他永远不会超过10把，这不可避免地限制了他的收入)”可知，Jonny认为他的低收入是因为他制作的吉他数量很少——一年不超过10把。故选B。 (B) A high-end train journey enables you to experience destinations at a unique pace and in total comfort while enjoying first-class service. These are some of the most exciting rail routes to choose from. GoldenPass Express, Switzerland GoldenPass Express takes passengers from Montreux to Interlaken. It’s a three- hour ride with four departures a day. The heated leather seats can recline (后倾) and rotate (旋转) 180 degrees. They’ re also raised 15 inches higher to boost the views over vineyards, green valleys and blue- ice glaciers. A one- way ticket costs £115. La Dolce Vita, Italy La Dolce Vita train service transports passengers to Italy of the 1960s. There are altogether 30 rooms— plus a bar car where passengers can watch appealing field s fly by as a pianist plays. A variety of impressive off- board experiences are available, from touring vineyards at Montalcino to riding horses in Abruzzo. A one- way ticket starts at £2,140. Spacia X, Japan This train provides a stylish way of making the two- hour journey between Tokyo’s Asakusa station and the city of Nikko. Spacia X also includes comfortable sofas and seats. Passengers can appreciate the scenery as they shoot past mountains, waterfalls and temples. Tickets can be bought online or from any station on the Tobu line. A one- way ticket starts from £7.50. The Vietage, Vietnam The Vietage runs between Da Nang and Quy Nhon in supreme comfort. Travelers can take in the beauty of the Vietnamese countryside over a thirty- course lunch with free drinks. The ticket price also includes a head-and-shoulder massage (按摩). A one- way ticket is £330. 60．Which of the following makes La Dolce Vita stand out? A．Comfortable seats. B．Various off-board experiences. C．Online ticket booking. D．A head-and-shoulder massage. 61．Which of the rail routes provides a hearty lunch? A．Spacia X, Japan. B．La Dolce Vita, Italy. C．The Vietage, Vietnam. D．GoldenPass Express, Switzerland. 62．What do the four rail routes have in common? A．The travel time. B．The ticket price. C．The superior service. D．The adjustable seats. 【答案】60．B 61．C 62．C 【导语】本文是应用文。文章是关于高端列车旅行的推荐介绍。文中详细描述了几条在全球不同地区的特色铁路旅程，包括它们的起讫点、特色服务、票价以及旅行中的独特体验，旨在向读者推介奢华舒适的火车旅行选择。 60．细节理解题。由La Dolce Vita, Italy部分的“A variety of impressive off- board experiences are available, from touring vineyards at Montalcino to riding horses in Abruzzo. (从蒙塔奇诺的葡萄园之旅到阿布鲁佐的骑马，这里有各种令人印象深刻的下车体验。)”可知，La Dolce Vita的特色在于其丰富的下车体验活动。故选B。 61．细节理解题。由The Vietage, Vietnam部分中的“Travelers can take in the beauty of the Vietnamese countryside over a thirty- course lunch with free drinks. (在这里，游客可以饱览越南乡村的美景，享用30道菜的午餐和免费饮料。)”可知，The Vietage, Vietnam路线提供丰盛的午餐。故选C。 62．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“A high-end train journey enables you to experience destinations at a unique pace and in total comfort while enjoying first-class service.  These are some of the most exciting rail routes to choose from.(一趟高端的火车之旅，让你以独特的节奏和完全舒适的体验目的地，同时享受一流的服务。这些是一些最令人兴奋的铁路路线可供选择。)”因此，它们都体现了卓越的服务。故选C。 (C) In a recent survey by NPR, 26 percent of rural Americans said there has been a time in the past few years when they needed health care, but did not get it. Some of them said it was because financial barriers kept them from seeing a doctor. But almost a majority of them said it was because health care was too far or difficult to get to. To address this problem, the Wyoming Center on Aging at the University of Wyoming created a program called Healthy U. Based on a program originally developed at Stanford University, it supports people with a chronic disease and their caregivers by teaching self-management skills and offering a support group. “In a rural area, if someone can manage their own health better and go to the doctor less often, then that’s a win for everybody,” says Janet Korpela, who works for Healthy U as program development specialist and runs workshops with volunteers for the program. “The volunteers, called ‘leaders’, don’t need a medical background and they just need to be willing to do the 40 hours of free training. Then they will go back into their communities to teach patients living with chronic conditions how to better manage their health,” she says. “Over the course of six weeks, volunteers lead Healthy U participants in weekly meetings. Each meeting focuses on a single topic, like how to make the most of a visit to the doctor. There’s also time set aside in each week for participants to talk about their small weekly goals. That way participants can celebrate their successes sometimes. It’s also an opportunity for them to brainstorm solutions with their peers when they struggle.” Marcia Ory, a professor and public health researcher, published a paper on how chronic disease self-management programs work. “It’s effective because most health happens at home,” she says. “Basically you teach people how to set small goals for healthy living. You teach them how to problem-solve. The program is an especially good fit for rural patients since it can be delivered where people live. And the population is less, but the need is just as great.” 63．What does “this problem” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Doctors tend to be beyond reach. B．Caregivers lack a medical background. C．Villagers have no money to see a doctor. D．Many people suffer from chronic diseases. 64．What can volunteers in Healthy U do? A．Reduce the number of doctor visits. B．Get the chance to share their ideas. C．Explain how to better manage their health. D．Have conversations with friends and family 65．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A．The way of solving problems. B．The effectiveness of the program. C．The process of helping patients. D．The cause of the program’s success. 66．How does the author support the theme of the text? A．By giving examples. B．By stating arguments. C．By explaining statistical data. D．By providing research results. 【答案】63．A 64．B 65．D 66．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍美国乡村居民就医难问题及Healthy U项目的运作与有效性。 63．词义指代题。根据第一段中的“In a recent survey by NPR, 26 percent of rural Americans said there has been a time in the past few years when they needed health care, but did not get it. Some of them said it was because financial barriers kept them from seeing a doctor. But almost a majority of them said it was because health care was too far or difficult to get to.(在美国国家公共广播电台（NPR）最近的一项调查中，26%的美国乡村居民表示，在过去几年里，有过需要医疗服务却无法获得的情况。其中一些人表示，这是因为经济障碍使他们无法就医。但接近大多数人表示，这是因为医疗服务机构太远或难以到达)”可知，“this problem”指代美国乡村居民需要医疗服务却无法获得，尤其是因医疗服务机构太远或难以到达的问题，即医生往往难以接触到。故选A项。 64．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Over the course of six weeks, volunteers lead Healthy U participants in weekly meetings. Each meeting focuses on a single topic, like how to make the most of a visit to the doctor. There’s also time set aside in each week for participants to talk about their small weekly goals. That way participants can celebrate their successes sometimes. It’s also an opportunity for them to brainstorm solutions with their peers when they struggle.(在六周的时间里，志愿者会带领 Healthy U的参与者参加每周一次的会议。每次会议都围绕一个单一主题展开，例如如何充分利用看医生的机会。每周还会预留出时间，让参与者分享他们每周的小目标。这样一来，参与者有时就能为自己取得的成果庆祝。当参与者遇到困难时，这也为他们提供了一个与同伴集思广益、寻找解决方案的机会)”可知，Healthy U的志愿者能有机会在每周会议上与参与者（同伴）分享想法、共同探讨解决方案。故选B项。 65．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Marcia Ory, a professor and public health researcher, published a paper on how chronic disease self-management programs work. “It’s effective because most health happens at home,” she says. “Basically you teach people how to set small goals for healthy living. You teach them how to problem-solve. The program is an especially good fit for rural patients since it can be delivered where people live. And the population is less, but the need is just as great.”(公共卫生研究员、教授玛西亚·奥里（Marcia Ory）发表了一篇关于慢性病自我管理项目如何运作的论文。“它之所以有效，是因为大多数健康管理都发生在家中，”她说。“基本上，你教人们如何为健康生活设定小目标。你教他们如何解决问题。这个项目特别适合乡村患者，因为它可以在人们居住的地方开展。虽然乡村人口较少，但需求同样巨大。”)”可知，该段主要讲述了Healthy U项目成功（有效）的原因，包括健康管理多在家中进行、教人们设定健康目标和解决问题、适配乡村患者需求等。故选D项。 66．推理判断题。文章第一段通过NPR调查数据提出“美国乡村居民就医难”的论点；第二段介绍Healthy U项目以解决该问题，阐述项目背景与目的；第三、四段引用Janet Korpela的话，陈述项目中志愿者的要求、培训及每周会议的运作方式，论证项目如何帮助乡村居民；第五段引用Marcia Ory的研究观点，陈述项目有效及适配乡村患者的原因，论证项目价值。整体通过“提出论点——陈述论点（项目情况、专家观点）”支撑文章主题。故选B项。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. A．Batteries that store energy for those times is one pretty obvious solution. B．No one seriously questions the need for wind and solar power to be part of global energy strategy. C．The result is transformational. D．Yet not everyone is convinced current battery technology is up to the job. E．While computing power famously doubles every two years, battery performance has barely doubled in 20. F．Commercialisation may take a decade, though it could happen faster. Could a New Battery Solve Our Energy Problem? Researchers in the US have made headlines worldwide by developing a new type of battery that charges far faster and holds way more charge than today’s lithium cells (锂电池). It’s not just a terrific technology story, either. The team behind it is led by tech legend Prof John Goodenough of the University of Texas, Austin—the co-inventor of the original lithium-ion battery, and still doing brilliant work at the age of 94. 67 That’s why we’re still using 21st-Century gadgetry with one eye on battery, wondering if we can get to a charger before our device goes completely dead. This depressing state of affairs is more than simply inconvenient. If we’re to make the most of renewable energy, we need ways of coping with those times when the wind drops or there’s no sunshine. 68 Elon Musk, the billionaire boss of electric car company Tesla, certainly thinks so. He’s already created a 20 megawatt battery ‘farm’ in California, and is willing to put his money where his batteries are. 69 For example, one wind farm in Hawaii had three fires in its battery ‘farm’ within a year of opening. But now Goodenough and his team may have found the answer, by switching from lithium to sodium (钠). The lithium batteries that made Goodenough’s reputation contain a liquid electrolyte (电解质) which doesn’t respond well to rapid charging. One of Goodenough’s colleagues, Maria Braga, decided that the answer lay in switching to solid electrolytes. The team has now managed to get a solid glass electrolyte to work with sodium, which is similar to lithium but far more common. 70 The battery has triple the charge of its lithium equivalent, it charges in minutes rather than hours, and it has a longer lifespan. Advances in energy storage are vital if renewable are going to reach their potential. The boundless energy of Goodenough—the Li-ion King himself—may just have found the solution just in time. 【答案】67．D 68．B 69．A 70．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了新型电池能否解决能源问题。 67．后文提到“That’s why we’re still using 21st-Century gadgetry with one eye on battery, wondering if we can get to a charger before our device goes completely dead.”（因此，在使用21世纪的电子产品时，我们不得不时刻关注着电池情况，担心设备没电前是否能找到充电器。）电池技术相对来讲并没有完全成熟，因此人们在使用的时候仍然担心会有断电的可能性。D项“Yet not everyone is convinced current battery technology is up to the job.”（然而，并不是所有人都相信目前的电池技术能够胜任这项工作。）该项提到了人们对于电池技术仍然持保留态度，符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选D。 68．前文提到“This depressing state of affairs is more than simply inconvenient. If we’re to make the most of renewable energy, we need ways of coping with those times when the wind drops or there’s no sunshine.”（这种令人沮丧的状况不仅仅是不方便。如果我们要最大限度地利用可再生能源，我们需要应对风力减弱或没有阳光的时候。）再生资源也可作为电池储能的介质，但如果没有风或者阳光也会让电池储能等变得困难，由此可知，风能和太阳能对于电池而言也是十分重要的资源。B项“No one seriously questions the need for wind and solar power to be part of global energy strategy.”（没有人会怀疑风能和太阳能成为全球能源战略中必要组成部分的重要性。）该项提到了风能和太阳能的重要性，总结了前文内容，该项符合文意。故选B。 69．前文提到“Elon Musk, the billionaire boss of electric car company Tesla, certainly thinks so. He’s already created a 20 megawatt battery ‘farm’ in California, and is willing to put his money where his batteries are. ”（电动汽车公司特斯拉(Tesla)的亿万富翁老板埃隆•马斯克(Elon Musk)当然也这么认为。他已经在加州建立了一个20兆瓦的电池“农场”，并愿意把钱花在电池上。），由此判断，特斯拉老板甚至建立了一个“电池农场”来进行电力的储存。A项“Batteries that store energy for those times is one pretty obvious solution.”（储存能量的电池是一个很明显的解决方案。）该项提到将电池的储能作为解决电池电量的办法。该项符合文意。故选A。 70．前文提到“The team has now managed to get a solid glass electrolyte to work with sodium, which is similar to lithium but far more common.”（该团队现在已经成功地获得了一种固体玻璃电解质，可以与钠一起反应，钠与锂类似，但更常见。）前文提到了在电解质方面的改进，以及后文提到“The battery has triple the charge of its lithium equivalent, it charges in minutes rather than hours, and it has a longer lifespan.”（这种电池的电量是锂电池的三倍，充电只需几分钟而不是几小时，而且寿命更长。）后文提到了这种电池电量与之前电池的对比，说明这种改进是巨大的。C项“The result is transformational.”（结果是革命性的。）该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选C。 IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. How to Be a Successful Team Leader? Every well-organized team needs to have an outstanding leader with specific skills. Sometimes the leader’s abilities can come to affect the whole team. Although we students are still young, it’s never too early to cultivate leadership skills. A team consists of both leaders and followers. Neither side can exist and work effectively without the other. What is essential to the role of leader is the ability to unite the whole team. A great leader enables their team to achieve a common goal through the giving of clear directions and support. Meanwhile, everyone on a team also desires personal success, so a balance can be hard to strike. If a leader doesn’t have fierce determination, the followers will lose their confidence and things will not be done well. What’s more, a successful and charming leader ought to be able to handle interpersonal relationships well. They should be honest, fair, objective and impartial (公正的) when it comes to both rewards and punishments. These kinds of leaders are trustworthy, and thus, the working atmosphere will only come to be improved. They are role models who can have a strong influence on the whole team. To become a powerful leader at school, students have to take the initiative in connecting with their fellow students. Good communication skills allow people to build good relationships, which is an essential part of being a good leader. If you find it hard to express your ideas clearly to those who you collaborate with, it may be rather difficult for you to be a good leader. It’s a well-known fact that, whatever field you wish to work in, leadership skills are necessary for anyone who desires to have a successful career. So it’s never too early to train yourselves as promising future leaders. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is essential to develop leadership skills when you’re young. Firstly, the ability to keep the team united and determination to accomplish the same goal are needed. Besides, honesty, fairness, and objective attitudes can win a leader trust and reliability in handling of interpersonal relationships. Moreover, skillful communication or staying connected with peers is significant for a promising leader. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何成为一名成功的团队领导者。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①Although we students are still young, it’s never too early to cultivate leadership skills. ②What is essential to the role of leader is the ability to unite the whole team. ③A great leader enables their team to achieve a common goal through the giving of clear directions and support. ④They should be honest, fair, objective and impartial (公正的) when it comes to both rewards and punishments. ⑤To become a powerful leader at school, students have to take the initiative in connecting with their fellow students. ⑥Good communication skills allow people to build good relationships, which is an essential part of being a good leader. 2.缜密构思 将第2、3两个要点进行整合，将第5、6两个要点进行重组 3.遣词造句 The ability to keep the team united and determination to accomplish the same goal are needed. Skillful communication or staying connected with peers is significant for a promising leader. 【点睛】[高分句型1] It is essential to develop leadership skills when you’re young.（运用了when引导时间状语从句对第一段内容进行概括） [高分句型2] Firstly, the ability to keep the team united and determination to accomplish the same goal are needed.（运用了动词不定式作后置定语对第二段的部分内容进行概括） V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72．买很多不需要的东西有意义吗？ (point) 【答案】Is there any point buying too many unnecessary things? 【详解】考查固定句式和there be的一般疑问句。陈述客观情况，用一般现在时，固定句式 there is no point doing，做……是没有意义的，转换为一般疑问句形式为Is there any point doing? 形容词unnecessary（不需要的）修饰名词things，故翻译为：Is there any point buying too many unnecessary things? 73．志愿者们蹑手蹑脚地走进养老院以免吵醒熟睡中的老人们。(tiptoe) 【答案】Volunteers tiptoed into the nursing home to avoid waking up the sleeping elderly. 【详解】考查动词短语和不定式。句子陈述过去的动作，用一般过去时。“志愿者们”为Volunteers，作主语。句中的“蹑手蹑脚地走”译为tiptoe，“蹑手蹑脚地走进养老院”作动词短语tiptoe into the nursing home，“以免吵醒熟睡中的老人们”表示目的，使用不定式短语to avoid waking up the sleeping elderly来表达。故翻译为：Volunteers tiptoed into the nursing home to avoid waking up the sleeping elderly. 74．对一个作家来说，没有比看到自己付出心血的作品放在书架上无人问津更烦心的事了。(There...) 【答案】There is nothing more frustrating to a writer than to see the work he has worked so hard for sitting on a shelf. 【详解】考查固定句型、形容词、定语从句和动词短语。根据句意以及句子的提示要求可知，该句为There is nothing more…than…的固定句型，表示“没有什么比……更……”；表示“令人沮丧的”为形容词frustrating；表示“看到作品”应为动词短语see the work；后接省略关系代词that的定语从句，在该定语从句中，表示“努力工作为了……”应为动词短语work so hard for…，陈述已经完成的动作用现在完成时；表示“在书架上”为sit on a shelf，sit和逻辑主语work之间为主动关系，用现在分词作宾补。故翻译为：There is nothing more frustrating to a writer than to see the work he has worked so hard for sitting on a shelf. 75．这部时长两个多小时的电影，在九月底首发，激起了中国人民心底强烈的爱国之情。（launch） 【答案】The movie that/which lasts more than two hours, when (it was) first launched at the end of September, has aroused great patriotic feelings from the bottom of Chinese people’s heart. 【详解】考查定语从句，状语从句的省略以及动词时态。表示“电影”用the movie，为句子的主语，表示“这部时长两个多小时的电影”用which/that lasts more than two hours，此处使用that/which引导的定语从句对movie进行修饰，引导词在从中作主语，从句表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时，表示“持续”用last；表示“在九月底首发”用when （it was）first launched at the end of September，此处使用when引导状语从句，it指代the movie，表示“发行”用launch，二者之前为被动关系，同时表示“首先”用first，表示“九月底”用at the end of September，其为一般过去时的时间标志，故从句使用一般过去时的被动语态，或者可以构成状语从句的省略结构即省略it was；同时表示“激发，激起”用动词arouse，此处表示动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，故使用现在完成时即has aroused，其为主句的谓语动词；表示“强烈的爱国之情”用great patriotic feelings为句子的宾语；表示“从中国人们心底”用 from the of Chinese people’s heart，使用from构成的介词短语作状语。故翻译为The movie that/which lasts more than two hours, when (it was) first launched at the end of September, has aroused great patriotic feelings from the bottom of Chinese people’s heart. VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 中国进口博览会 (China International Import Expo，简称CIIE或进博会) 吸引了世界各国的企业来到上海。你是明启中学的学生李明，想代表学校在进博会假期中组织一支学生志愿者服务队。请起草一份策划案，内容包括： 1.你为什么要组建服务队？ 2.你的队伍能够提供哪些志愿者服务？ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Concerning the reasons why I want to build up this service team, I’d like to list some as follows. Above all, China International Import Expo attracts many businesses from all over the world, which is our honor. So it is our duty to offer considerate service to it. In addition, it is a good chance for us to strengthen our ability and widen our eyes. What can we do? On the one hand, we can give volunteer guide to foreigners. It will be a necessity because the site is too big and complex for foreigners. On the other hand, to help organize various activities is also a good idea. 【分析】这是一篇应用文，要求考生起草一份策划案，对代表学校在进博会假期中组织一支学生志愿者服务队进行一次策划。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时,少量一般将来时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 1.介绍你为什么要组建服务队? 2.介绍你的队伍能够提供哪些志愿者服务? 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） build up this service team; attracts many businesses; from all over the world; offer considerate service to it; strengthen our ability; widen our eyes; give volunteer guide; too big and complex; help organize various activities 第三步：连词成句 1. Concerning the reasons why I want to build up this service team, I’d like to list some as follows. 2. Above all, China International Import Expo attracts many businesses from all over the world, which is our honor. 3. So it is our duty to offer considerate service to it. 4. In addition, it is a good chance for us to strengthen our ability and widen our eyes. 5. On the one hand, we can give volunteer guide to foreigners. 6. It will be a necessity because the site is too big and complex for foreigners. 7. On the other hand, to help organize various activities is also a good idea. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表文章结构顺序：Above all 2.表并列补充关系：In addition 3.表转折对比关系： On the one hand…,On the other hand… 4.表因果关系：Because, So 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 【点睛】[高分句型1]. Concerning the reasons why I want to build up this service team, I’d like to list some as follows.（why引导的定语从句） [高分句型2]. So it is our duty to offer considerate service to it.（it作形式主语） [高分句型3]. On the other hand, to help organize various activities is also a good idea.（to do不定式作主语） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司22 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高一必修第二册英语单元测试 Unit 3 ·提升卷（参考答案） I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） 1-5 DBDCD 6-10 BBCDA 11-13 BCA 14-16 ABD 17-20 CCBD II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A 21．having seen 22．ones 23．that/which 24．for 25．might 26．when 27．extended 28．hurts 29．unless 30．what Section B 31．D 32．A 33．H 34．G 35．K 36．J 37．I 38．C 39．E 40．F III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A 41．A 42．B 43．D 44．A 45．D 46．B 47．C 48．A 49．C 50．D 51．B 52．A 53．C 54．B 55．D Section B 56．A 57．C 58．D 59．B 60．B 61．C 62．C 63．A 64．B 65．D 66．B Section C 67．D 68．B 69．A 70．C IV.Summary Writing (共10分） It is essential to develop leadership skills when you’re young. Firstly, the ability to keep the team united and determination to accomplish the same goal are needed. Besides, honesty, fairness, and objective attitudes can win a leader trust and reliability in handling of interpersonal relationships. Moreover, skillful communication or staying connected with peers is significant for a promising leader. V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) 72.Is there any point buying too many unnecessary things? 73.Volunteers tiptoed into the nursing home to avoid waking up the sleeping elderly. 74.There is nothing more frustrating to a writer than to see the work he has worked so hard for sitting on a shelf. 75.The movie that/which lasts more than two hours, when (it was) first launched at the end of September, has aroused great patriotic feelings from the bottom of Chinese people’s heart. VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Concerning the reasons why I want to build up this service team, I’d like to list some as follows. Above all, China International Import Expo attracts many businesses from all over the world, which is our honor. So it is our duty to offer considerate service to it. In addition, it is a good chance for us to strengthen our ability and widen our eyes. What can we do? On the one hand, we can give volunteer guide to foreigners. It will be a necessity because the site is too big and complex for foreigners. On the other hand, to help organize various activities is also a good idea. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高一必修第二册英语单元测试 Unit 3 ·提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Professor. B. Nurse. C. Librarian. D. Physician. 2. A. A school trip. B. An old photo. C. Jenny’ s hairstyle. D. A school uniform. 3. A. At a friend's house. B. At a grocery store. C. At a music festival. D. At a restaurant .4. A. Because she needs to revise her paper. B. Because she prefers to stay at home. C. Because she is on a tight schedule. D. Because she is not feeling well. 5. A. She missed her friends. B. She thinks she's catching another cold. C. She likes tomato sauce. D. She has a lot of work to make up. 6. A. Change the meeting time. B. Check on Alice's situation. C. Keep waiting until Alice comes. D. Text Alice to discuss the weather. 7. A. Tom's speed in submitting essays is impressive. B. Tom often overlooks important details. C. Tom has a good habit in submitting essays. D. Tom is a role model for time management. 8. A. Looking for a job. B. Checking the brochure. C. Asking for information. D. Making an appointment. 9. A. Exciting. B. Curious. C. Supportive. D. Doubtful. 10. A. She expects the man to pay for the meal. B. She is willing to pay her share. C. She thinks she was not treated well. D. She is indifferent about how to pay. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Less than 1 gram. B. About 5 grams. C. More than 6 grams . D. About 17 grams. 12. A. Because processed foods offer low nutritional value. B. Because mass production is required for these foods. C. Because it's hard to know how much salt you' re consuming. D. Because processed foods are generally more expensive. 13. A. The importance of controlling salt intake. B. The history of salt preservation. C. The salt consumption habits in various regions. D. The recommendations on daily salt intake. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. She wants her dog to have social interactions. B. She wants her dog to earn money for her. C. She doesn't have enough space at home for her dog. D. She doesn't have time to walk her dog every day. 15. A. They make customers buy expensive pet supplies. B. They charge customers a fee to interact with the pets. C. They only welcome pets whose owners work there. D. They focus primarily on providing services for pets. 16. A. Pets in China are becoming more expensive to own. B. Pet cafes in China will soon replace traditional cafes. C. More pets in China are expected to take jobs in pet cafes. D. More people are turning to pets for companionship. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. The airport and downtown. B. The major attractions in the city. C. The five main areas of New York. D. The different subway lines. 18. A. $2.75. B. $30. C. $35. D. $55. 19. A. The metro card. B. The bus plus pass. C. The city pass. D. The flexi pass. 20. A. He prefers to travel by bus. B. He plans to visit New York alone. C. He is on a strict budget. D. He has never visited New York before. II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. I received an email from a reader who asked, “Why do some friendships end, no matter how much you want them to last?” She referred to 21 (see) the question in one of my articles, Mystery of Friendship. As I wrote in it, I don’t think easy answers exist as to how friendships start, why some turn into lifetime 22 , and why some end. Although I’ve tried answering the first two questions in other articles (To Have A Friend and Be A Friend), I still get surprised by friendships that endure and disillusioned by those that slip away. Even so, I’ll try to offer some insights here as to why friendships end. My simple answer is that friendships end because the situations 23 friends are in or even the friends themselves change. First, the realities friends face may change. The decision to relocate 24 a new school or job cannot help but affect a friendship. Likewise, if a friend is in an accident, develops an illness, or loses someone close, these cannot help but affect a friendship. Does a friendship need to end because of these changes? No, but it’ll require adjustments that one or both friends 25 not be willing to make. Second, the friends themselves may change. A significant reason why friendships often end 26 friends are apart for an 27 (extend) period of time (for summer camp, college, etc.) is that one or both of the friends change. I think it 28 (hurt) less when both friends change, because then the breakup is more often mutual and so both friends get closure by both deciding to let go and move forward in their lives without each other. What tends to hurt most is when just one friend changes. One friend might change social circles, become involved in new social organizations, start to date, get a pet, or take on some other venture that consumes more time and passion. Again, a friendship can endure these changes, 29 one or both of the friends for some reason decide not to invest the time and energy involved in the adjustment period. In this situation, breakups may not be mutual and so one or both friends feel betrayed and end up with bitter memories about 30 was a precious friendship to them. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．categorise B．creation C．sake D．innovative E. maximum F. packed G. pedestrianise H. processing I. shape J. short-lived K. transformation All Change in Curitiba! Like many other major world cities, Curitiba in southern Brazil has had to deal with issues such as pollution, poverty, and limited public funding. However, the architect and three-times mayor of the city, Jaime Lerner, has introduced some 31 solutions. As part of his ‘Master Plan’, Lerner hoped to make the city more environmentally friendly. He initiated a recycling scheme. In return for delivering recyclable rubbish to specified 32 points, residents receive a bag of vegetables or bus tickets. As a result, Curitiba now has one of the highest recycling rates in the world. Lerner also ordered the 33 of 26 urban parks. As well as preventing pollution, these control flooding. Lerner did not win over all the city’s residents immediately, however. When his plans to 34 part of the centre were passed, local businesses were up in arms, fearing a reduction in profits. Realising he needed to act quickly, Lerner had the 35 of six blocks completed within three days. When a group of motorists attempted to drive through the new pedestrian area, Lerner arranged for local primary schools to hold a painting workshop on the streets. The drivers were forced to turn back. Luckily for Lerner, this rebellion was 36 . The increase in profit rapidly persuaded shop owners to change their minds. Lerner’s determination helped 37 the Curitiba of today. The average income per capita has risen from a level that was below the Brazilian average in the 1970s to 66% above the average, and surveys indicate high levels of resident satisfaction. So, is it all just one big success story? In some respects, Curitiba may have been too successful for its own 38 . People and businesses have come to the city, which now has more than 1.8 million residents. This has put the city under enormous stress. Forty years ago, buses transported 54,000 passengers a day. Now the number is 2.3 million. According to some experts, the transport system has reached its 39 efficiency capacity. Following a rise in complaints about the noisy and 40 buses, the service is in decline. III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context History suggests that societies generally overestimate the short-term implications of new technologies while underestimating longer-term ones. Current experience with artificial intelligence — the technology enabled by machine-learning — suggests we are getting it 41 this time. There’s too much talk about the potential “ 42 risk” to humanity posed by AI, and too little about our experience of it so far and corporate plans for exploiting the technology. Although AI has been hiding in plain sight for a decade, it took most people by surprise. The appearance of ChatGPT last November signaled that the world had discovered a powerful new technology. Not for nothing is this new “generative AI” called “ 43 ”: it provides the base on which the next wave of digital innovation will be built. It is also transformational in innumerable ways: it weakens centuries-old conceptions of intellectual property, 44 , and it has the potential radically to increase productivity, reshape industries, change the nature of some kinds of work and so on. On top of that, though, it also raises troubling questions about the 45 of humans and their capabilities. The continuing dispute between the Hollywood studios and screenwriters’ and actors’ unions perfectly illustrates the 46 of the challenges posed by AI. Both groups are up in arms about the way online streaming has reduced their earnings. But the writers also fear their role will be 47 simply to rewriting AI-generated scripts; and actors are concerned that detailed digital scanning 48 by new movie contracts will allow studios to create persuasive deepfakes of them that studios will be able to own and use “for the rest of eternity (永久), in any project they want, with no permission and no compensation”. So the key question for democracies is: how can we ensure AI is used for human flourishing 49 corporate gain? On this question, the news from 50 is not good. A recent study by two renowned economists, Daron Acemoglu and Simon Johnson, of 1,000 years of technological progress shows that although some benefits have usually trickled (流) down to the 51 , the rewards have — with one exception — invariably gone to those who own and control the technology. The “ 52 ” was a period in which democracies fostered countervailing powers (抵消力量) — civil-society organisations, free media, activists, trade unions and other progressive, technically informed institutions that supplied a steady flow of ideas about how technology could be repurposed for 53 rather than exclusively for private profit. This is the lesson from history that societies confronted by the AI challenge need to relearn. There are some signs that governments may finally have realized the problem. The EU, for example, has an ambitious and far-reaching AI Act that is making its way through the union’s processes. In the US, the Biden administration recently published a “Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights”, which looks impressive but is 54 just a list of aspirations that some of the big tech companies claim to share. It’s a start — provided governments don’t forget that leaving the implementation of powerful new technologies solely to corporations is always a(n) 55 idea. 41． A．the other way round B．all the way back C．one way or the other D．just in the way 42．A．economical B．existential C．economic D．commercial 43．A．distinguished B．prosperous C．pioneering D．foundational 44．A．for example B．by contrast C．in turn D．at most 45．A．prospects B．inspirations C．virtues D．uniqueness 46．A．origin B．extent C．implication D．constitution 47．A．credited B．attributed C．reduced D．exposed 48．A．enabled B．facilitated C．implemented D．possessed 49．A．as well as B．in exchange for C．rather than D．as opposed to 50．A．society B．frontier C．press D．history 51．A．corporations B．masses C．governments D．industries 52．A．exception B．reminder C．outcome D．benefit 53．A．scientific discoveries B．energy conservation C．social good D．job security 54．A．supposedly B．essentially C．necessarily D．commonly 55．A．impressive B．sensible C．outdated D．bad Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) As a boy, when Jonny Kinkead wasn’t making things using the tools in his dad’s garage, he was messing about with a guitar. And the two pre-occupations have been his living for the past four decades: building steel-string guitars by hand. “The guitar still appeals to me,” he says. “Making a sound out of wood—it’s amazing what you can do.” Jonny learned to play his brother’s guitar when he was eleven. Then, when he was sixteen, he wanted to learn the bass guitar. “Some people would have got a holiday job and saved up and bought one,” he says. “But I was of a mindset that if you wanted something, you made it.” Although the bass was the first instrument Jonny built from nothing, he and his brothers had long been doing essentially the same thing with other items. “I made model boats and aeroplanes as a child, so I was familiar with that process. My father had taught me and my brothers how to use tools, and we had free materials in the garage.” Jonny had also been customizing and repairing instruments for his mates. Jonny’s bass guitar turned out well, but the idea of a career building guitars had yet to cross his mind. “My ambition then was to be a sculptor,” he says. His interests evolved further and on finishing school, he chose to study architecture at university. Halfway through the course, however, he dropped out, but left with a clearer idea of what he wanted to do and started to think seriously about guitar making. “I was still interested in painting and sculpture but I realized that when you are building guitars, you’re actually sculpting sound.” In addition, he explains, “I thought this might be more reliable than being an artist as it’s craft-based.” Ever since then, Jonny has made guitars for a living. For the first ten years, he added to his income by cleaning windows part-time. The first guitars he sold only went for the cost of the materials, but as he developed a reputation as one of the best guitar-makers around, he was able to charge a little more. But even now, almost forty years later, Jonny describes what he does as “still scratching a living”. He admits he can never actually turn out more than ten guitars a year, which inevitably restricts his earnings. 56．Why did Jonny choose to make a bass guitar for himself in his teens? A．He regarded it as the natural thing to do. B．He feared that he would not be able to afford one. C．He saw it as good practice for making other guitars. D．He thought he could ensure it was in the style he wanted. 57．In paragraph 3, “that process” refers to _____. A．doing some favours for friends B．cooperating with his brothers C．creating something from nothing D．getting tools and materials ready 58．What does Jonny say about the architecture course he attended? A．It gave him the chance to explore different types of art. B．It helped him become financially independent. C．It provided him with ideas for guitar design. D．It enabled him to decide on a career path. 59．Jonny suggests that the main reason for his low income is _____. A．the high cost of the materials he makes guitars with B．the small number of guitars that he produces C．the limited demand for hand-made guitars D．the competition between guitar-makers (B) A high-end train journey enables you to experience destinations at a unique pace and in total comfort while enjoying first-class service. These are some of the most exciting rail routes to choose from. GoldenPass Express, Switzerland GoldenPass Express takes passengers from Montreux to Interlaken. It’s a three- hour ride with four departures a day. The heated leather seats can recline (后倾) and rotate (旋转) 180 degrees. They’ re also raised 15 inches higher to boost the views over vineyards, green valleys and blue- ice glaciers. A one- way ticket costs £115. La Dolce Vita, Italy La Dolce Vita train service transports passengers to Italy of the 1960s. There are altogether 30 rooms— plus a bar car where passengers can watch appealing field s fly by as a pianist plays. A variety of impressive off- board experiences are available, from touring vineyards at Montalcino to riding horses in Abruzzo. A one- way ticket starts at £2,140. Spacia X, Japan This train provides a stylish way of making the two- hour journey between Tokyo’s Asakusa station and the city of Nikko. Spacia X also includes comfortable sofas and seats. Passengers can appreciate the scenery as they shoot past mountains, waterfalls and temples. Tickets can be bought online or from any station on the Tobu line. A one- way ticket starts from £7.50. The Vietage, Vietnam The Vietage runs between Da Nang and Quy Nhon in supreme comfort. Travelers can take in the beauty of the Vietnamese countryside over a thirty- course lunch with free drinks. The ticket price also includes a head-and-shoulder massage (按摩). A one- way ticket is £330. 60．Which of the following makes La Dolce Vita stand out? A．Comfortable seats. B．Various off-board experiences. C．Online ticket booking. D．A head-and-shoulder massage. 61．Which of the rail routes provides a hearty lunch? A．Spacia X, Japan. B．La Dolce Vita, Italy. C．The Vietage, Vietnam. D．GoldenPass Express, Switzerland. 62．What do the four rail routes have in common? A．The travel time. B．The ticket price. C．The superior service. D．The adjustable seats. (C) In a recent survey by NPR, 26 percent of rural Americans said there has been a time in the past few years when they needed health care, but did not get it. Some of them said it was because financial barriers kept them from seeing a doctor. But almost a majority of them said it was because health care was too far or difficult to get to. To address this problem, the Wyoming Center on Aging at the University of Wyoming created a program called Healthy U. Based on a program originally developed at Stanford University, it supports people with a chronic disease and their caregivers by teaching self-management skills and offering a support group. “In a rural area, if someone can manage their own health better and go to the doctor less often, then that’s a win for everybody,” says Janet Korpela, who works for Healthy U as program development specialist and runs workshops with volunteers for the program. “The volunteers, called ‘leaders’, don’t need a medical background and they just need to be willing to do the 40 hours of free training. Then they will go back into their communities to teach patients living with chronic conditions how to better manage their health,” she says. “Over the course of six weeks, volunteers lead Healthy U participants in weekly meetings. Each meeting focuses on a single topic, like how to make the most of a visit to the doctor. There’s also time set aside in each week for participants to talk about their small weekly goals. That way participants can celebrate their successes sometimes. It’s also an opportunity for them to brainstorm solutions with their peers when they struggle.” Marcia Ory, a professor and public health researcher, published a paper on how chronic disease self-management programs work. “It’s effective because most health happens at home,” she says. “Basically you teach people how to set small goals for healthy living. You teach them how to problem-solve. The program is an especially good fit for rural patients since it can be delivered where people live. And the population is less, but the need is just as great.” 63．What does “this problem” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Doctors tend to be beyond reach. B．Caregivers lack a medical background. C．Villagers have no money to see a doctor. D．Many people suffer from chronic diseases. 64．What can volunteers in Healthy U do? A．Reduce the number of doctor visits. B．Get the chance to share their ideas. C．Explain how to better manage their health. D．Have conversations with friends and family 65．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A．The way of solving problems. B．The effectiveness of the program. C．The process of helping patients. D．The cause of the program’s success. 66．How does the author support the theme of the text? A．By giving examples. B．By stating arguments. C．By explaining statistical data. D．By providing research results. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. A．Batteries that store energy for those times is one pretty obvious solution. B．No one seriously questions the need for wind and solar power to be part of global energy strategy. C．The result is transformational. D．Yet not everyone is convinced current battery technology is up to the job. E．While computing power famously doubles every two years, battery performance has barely doubled in 20. F．Commercialisation may take a decade, though it could happen faster. Could a New Battery Solve Our Energy Problem? Researchers in the US have made headlines worldwide by developing a new type of battery that charges far faster and holds way more charge than today’s lithium cells (锂电池). It’s not just a terrific technology story, either. The team behind it is led by tech legend Prof John Goodenough of the University of Texas, Austin—the co-inventor of the original lithium-ion battery, and still doing brilliant work at the age of 94. 67 That’s why we’re still using 21st-Century gadgetry with one eye on battery, wondering if we can get to a charger before our device goes completely dead. This depressing state of affairs is more than simply inconvenient. If we’re to make the most of renewable energy, we need ways of coping with those times when the wind drops or there’s no sunshine. 68 Elon Musk, the billionaire boss of electric car company Tesla, certainly thinks so. He’s already created a 20 megawatt battery ‘farm’ in California, and is willing to put his money where his batteries are. 69 For example, one wind farm in Hawaii had three fires in its battery ‘farm’ within a year of opening. But now Goodenough and his team may have found the answer, by switching from lithium to sodium (钠). The lithium batteries that made Goodenough’s reputation contain a liquid electrolyte (电解质) which doesn’t respond well to rapid charging. One of Goodenough’s colleagues, Maria Braga, decided that the answer lay in switching to solid electrolytes. The team has now managed to get a solid glass electrolyte to work with sodium, which is similar to lithium but far more common. 70 The battery has triple the charge of its lithium equivalent, it charges in minutes rather than hours, and it has a longer lifespan. Advances in energy storage are vital if renewable are going to reach their potential. The boundless energy of Goodenough—the Li-ion King himself—may just have found the solution just in time. IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. How to Be a Successful Team Leader? Every well-organized team needs to have an outstanding leader with specific skills. Sometimes the leader’s abilities can come to affect the whole team. Although we students are still young, it’s never too early to cultivate leadership skills. A team consists of both leaders and followers. Neither side can exist and work effectively without the other. What is essential to the role of leader is the ability to unite the whole team. A great leader enables their team to achieve a common goal through the giving of clear directions and support. Meanwhile, everyone on a team also desires personal success, so a balance can be hard to strike. If a leader doesn’t have fierce determination, the followers will lose their confidence and things will not be done well. What’s more, a successful and charming leader ought to be able to handle interpersonal relationships well. They should be honest, fair, objective and impartial (公正的) when it comes to both rewards and punishments. These kinds of leaders are trustworthy, and thus, the working atmosphere will only come to be improved. They are role models who can have a strong influence on the whole team. To become a powerful leader at school, students have to take the initiative in connecting with their fellow students. Good communication skills allow people to build good relationships, which is an essential part of being a good leader. If you find it hard to express your ideas clearly to those who you collaborate with, it may be rather difficult for you to be a good leader. It’s a well-known fact that, whatever field you wish to work in, leadership skills are necessary for anyone who desires to have a successful career. So it’s never too early to train yourselves as promising future leaders. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72．买很多不需要的东西有意义吗？ (point) 73．志愿者们蹑手蹑脚地走进养老院以免吵醒熟睡中的老人们。(tiptoe) 74．对一个作家来说，没有比看到自己付出心血的作品放在书架上无人问津更烦心的事了。(There...) 75．这部时长两个多小时的电影，在九月底首发，激起了中国人民心底强烈的爱国之情。（launch） VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 中国进口博览会 (China International Import Expo，简称CIIE或进博会) 吸引了世界各国的企业来到上海。你是明启中学的学生李明，想代表学校在进博会假期中组织一支学生志愿者服务队。请起草一份策划案，内容包括： 1.你为什么要组建服务队？ 2.你的队伍能够提供哪些志愿者服务？ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司22 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $One listening comprehension section a directions. In section a, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said, the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once after you hear a conversation and the question about IT, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. One, i've had a terrible cough for the . past few days. Do worry, check your lungs to see what might . be causing IT. Question, what is most probably the woman's job? Two, look at this old photo. I can't even recognize myself in that school uniform. yeah. And Jenny had that short hair cut back then, like a boy. Question, what are they talking about? Three, the dishes here are really af. I'm seriously considering leaving. I've heard the desserts are quite good. We still have something to . look forward to. Question, where does the conversation most probably take place for? Would you like to go see a movie later? I'd love to, but i'm quite busy at the moment. I have a paper. You tomorrow . question, why does the woman decline the invitation? Five, hi Annie, you are looking Better. It's nice to have you back. thanks. I just hope I can catch up on all the work i've missed. Question, what does any mean? Six, it's pouring outside, and i'm really worried about Alice. SHE should have been here twenty minutes ago. You'd Better text her to check whats going on. And maybe you can decide on a different meeting . place question, what does the man suggest the woman do next? Seven, tom is the first one to submit his essay again, is so quick. Actually, he always jumps to conclusions without considering all the facts question. what's can be implied from this conversation? Eight, i'm interested in the volunteer positions here. Could you provide me with more information? Sorry, the personal charge isn't tear right now, but you can brose the brochure. Question, what is the man doing? Nine, Peter has taken on a new hobby this time. He is decided to master . the guitar. He always talks. Big . question, what is the woman's attitude towards Peter's new hobby? Ten, shall we split the bill for dinner? What I thought you were treating us this . time question, what does the woman mean? Section b directions. In section b, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages, and the conversation, the passengers and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions eleven through thirteen are based on the following passage. Salt is essential for our survival. However, many people consume too much salt, which can lead to serious health issues like high blood pressure and hunts disease. The word health organization recommends a daily salt intake of less than five grams, roughly a teaspoon. Surprisingly, some regions reports average salt consumption of seventeen grams day, significantly exceeding this guideline. Historically, some cultures use sault to preserve food, especially meat and dairy products, during long travels. While this practice was practical in the past, modern processed foods contain hidden salt, making its chAllenging to monitor our intake. Health experts are concerned about high salt consumption and its link to premature health issues. For example, the australian government has reduced its recommended daily intake to six grams, while the U. K. Now advises just five grams to live a healthier life is crucial to limit both sales and process foods instead of relying solely on salt for flavor considered using herbs and spices to enhance your meals by being careful of assault intake, we can enjoy delicious food while maintaining our well being. Salt is essential for our survival. However, many people consume too much salt, which can lead to serious health issues like high blood pressure, enhance disease. The world health organization recommends a daily salt intake of less than five grams, roughly a tea spoon. Surprisingly, some regions reports average salt consumption of seventeen grams per day, significantly exceeding this guideline. Historically, some cultures use salt to preserve food, especially meat and dairy products, during long travels. While this practice was practical in the past, modern processed foods contain hidden salt, making its chAllenging to monitor our intake. Health experts are concerned about high salt consumption, and it's link to premature health issues. For example, the australian government has reduced its recommended daily intake to six grams, while the U. K. Now advises just five grams to live a healthier life is crucial to limit both sales and processed foods. Instead of relying solely on salt for flavor, consider using herbs and spices to enhance your meals by being careful of assault intake, we can enjoy delicious food while maintaining . our well being. Questions eleven, how much daily intake of salt is probably the healthiest according to the passage twelve? Why is IT important to limit processed food intake according to the passage? Thirteen, what is the passage mainly about questions? Fourteen through sixteen are based on the following passage. Jan suu sent her two year old pet dog named rocky after her first day of work in mid september, her employer, a dog cafe in fuji in south eastern china. I feel it's just like parents sending their kids off to school, the twenty seven year old girl told the reporter. As he dropped rocky off for her new parts time job, rocky gets to play with other dogs and won't feel so lonely, SHE added. In addition to being surrounded by playmates, sue says rocky's job in the cafe allows her to save money. If SHE leaves rocky at home, he has to run the air conditioning all day. Pet cafes are a big business in china. Visitors get to interact with the animals that wonder in the shop, allowing the cafe owners to charge more customers visiting china's cat and dog cafes usually pay an entrance fee ranging from thirty to sixty one per person, or simply need to order something like a cup of coffee, whose idea might sound unconventional, but it's a growing trend in china called earn snack money. The phrase originates from the idea that these pets are actually working at cats and dog cafes and then returning home to their families at night. Jan suu sent her two year old pet dog named rocky after her first day of work in mid september, her employer, a dog cafe in fuji in southeastern china. I feel it's just like parents sending their kids off to school, the twenty seven year old girl told the reporter. As he dropped rocky off for her new parts time job, rocky gets to play with other dogs and won't feel so lonely, SHE added, in addition to being surrounded by playmates who says rocky's job in the cafe allows her to save money, if SHE leaves rocky at home, he has to run the air conditioning all day. Pet cafes are a big business in china. Visitors get to interact with the animals that wonder in the shop, allowing the cafe owners to charge more customers. Visiting china's cats and dog cafes usually pay an entrance fee ranging ing from thirty to sixty one per person, or simply need to order something like a cup of coffee. Suse idea might sound unconventional, but it's a growing trend in china called earn snack money. The phrase originates from the idea that these pets are actually working at cats and dog cafes and then returning home to their families at night. questions. Fourteen, what is one reason for jane show to send her dog to the cafe? Fifteen, which of the following is true about the pet cafes in china? Sixteen, what can be learned about the growing trend mentioned at the end of the passage? Questions seventeen through twenty . are based on the following . conversation. Hey, do you have a minute? Our trip to new york is less than a month away, and I wanted to discuss some transportation options with you. I thought we just get a metro card there. That's an expensive option. Each ride is two dollars seventy five. That ll add up quickly, especially if we . are sight seeing ww, what are the other options? We could get a city pass for thirty five dollars. We get unlimited subway and local bus rights for seven days. But that does not include the express buses which travel between the five main areas of new york. That would be a problem. Do we have other options? Well, we could get the bus plus pass there thirty dollars, and they include the express pass, but not the subway. Well, is IT convenient to get around by. Boss. i'm not sure i've never been to new york before. Also, IT can be stressful trying to figure out bus routes. Well, is there an option that includes everything? Yeah, there's a flexi pass. It's fifty five dollars. And IT provides access to all the services for seven days. Let's just get that one then ID rather not worry about transportation while we're there. And fifty five dollars for a week isn't terribly expensive. Okay, then let's get the flexi pass. Hey, do you have a minute? Our trip to new york is less than a month away, and I wanted to discuss some transportation options with you. I thought we just get a metro card there. That's an expensive option. Each right is two dollars seventy five. That will add up quickly, especially if . we're sight seeing ww. What are the other options we . could get a city pass for thirty five dollars. We get unlimited subway and local bus rights for seven days, but that does not include the express buses, which travels between the five main areas of new york. That would be a problem. Do we have other options? Well, we could get the bus plus pass. There are thirty dollars, and they include the express pass, but not the subway. Well, is IT convenient to get around by boss. I'm not sure i've never been to new york before. Also, IT can be stressful trying to figure out bus routes. Well, is there an option that includes everything? Yeah, there's a flexi pass. It's fifty five dollars. And IT provides access to all the services for seven days. Let's just get that one then. ID rather not worry about transportation while we're there. And fifty five dollars for a week isn't terribly expensive. Okay, then let's get the flexi . pass questions. Seventeen, what locations does the express boss travel between? Eighteen, how much does the city pass cost? Nineteen, which option does not include subway? Twenty, what can we learn about the man from the conversation? 2025-2026学年高一必修第二册英语单元测试 Unit 3 ·提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Professor. B. Nurse. C. Librarian. D. Physician. 2. A. A school trip. B. An old photo. C. Jenny’ s hairstyle. D. A school uniform. 3. A. At a friend's house. B. At a grocery store. C. At a music festival. D. At a restaurant .4. A. Because she needs to revise her paper. B. Because she prefers to stay at home. C. Because she is on a tight schedule. D. Because she is not feeling well. 5. A. She missed her friends. B. She thinks she's catching another cold. C. She likes tomato sauce. D. She has a lot of work to make up. 6. A. Change the meeting time. B. Check on Alice's situation. C. Keep waiting until Alice comes. D. Text Alice to discuss the weather. 7. A. Tom's speed in submitting essays is impressive. B. Tom often overlooks important details. C. Tom has a good habit in submitting essays. D. Tom is a role model for time management. 8. A. Looking for a job. B. Checking the brochure. C. Asking for information. D. Making an appointment. 9. A. Exciting. B. Curious. C. Supportive. D. Doubtful. 10. A. She expects the man to pay for the meal. B. She is willing to pay her share. C. She thinks she was not treated well. D. She is indifferent about how to pay. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Less than 1 gram. B. About 5 grams. C. More than 6 grams . D. About 17 grams. 12. A. Because processed foods offer low nutritional value. B. Because mass production is required for these foods. C. Because it's hard to know how much salt you' re consuming. D. Because processed foods are generally more expensive. 13. A. The importance of controlling salt intake. B. The history of salt preservation. C. The salt consumption habits in various regions. D. The recommendations on daily salt intake. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. She wants her dog to have social interactions. B. She wants her dog to earn money for her. C. She doesn't have enough space at home for her dog. D. She doesn't have time to walk her dog every day. 15. A. They make customers buy expensive pet supplies. B. They charge customers a fee to interact with the pets. C. They only welcome pets whose owners work there. D. They focus primarily on providing services for pets. 16. A. Pets in China are becoming more expensive to own. B. Pet cafes in China will soon replace traditional cafes. C. More pets in China are expected to take jobs in pet cafes. D. More people are turning to pets for companionship. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. The airport and downtown. B. The major attractions in the city. C. The five main areas of New York. D. The different subway lines. 18. A. $2.75. B. $30. C. $35. D. $55. 19. A. The metro card. B. The bus plus pass. C. The city pass. D. The flexi pass. 20. A. He prefers to travel by bus. B. He plans to visit New York alone. C. He is on a strict budget. D. He has never visited New York before. II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. I received an email from a reader who asked, “Why do some friendships end, no matter how much you want them to last?” She referred to 21 (see) the question in one of my articles, Mystery of Friendship. As I wrote in it, I don’t think easy answers exist as to how friendships start, why some turn into lifetime 22 , and why some end. Although I’ve tried answering the first two questions in other articles (To Have A Friend and Be A Friend), I still get surprised by friendships that endure and disillusioned by those that slip away. Even so, I’ll try to offer some insights here as to why friendships end. My simple answer is that friendships end because the situations 23 friends are in or even the friends themselves change. First, the realities friends face may change. The decision to relocate 24 a new school or job cannot help but affect a friendship. Likewise, if a friend is in an accident, develops an illness, or loses someone close, these cannot help but affect a friendship. Does a friendship need to end because of these changes? No, but it’ll require adjustments that one or both friends 25 not be willing to make. Second, the friends themselves may change. A significant reason why friendships often end 26 friends are apart for an 27 (extend) period of time (for summer camp, college, etc.) is that one or both of the friends change. I think it 28 (hurt) less when both friends change, because then the breakup is more often mutual and so both friends get closure by both deciding to let go and move forward in their lives without each other. What tends to hurt most is when just one friend changes. One friend might change social circles, become involved in new social organizations, start to date, get a pet, or take on some other venture that consumes more time and passion. Again, a friendship can endure these changes, 29 one or both of the friends for some reason decide not to invest the time and energy involved in the adjustment period. In this situation, breakups may not be mutual and so one or both friends feel betrayed and end up with bitter memories about 30 was a precious friendship to them. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．categorise B．creation C．sake D．innovative E. maximum F. packed G. pedestrianise H. processing I. shape J. short-lived K. transformation All Change in Curitiba! Like many other major world cities, Curitiba in southern Brazil has had to deal with issues such as pollution, poverty, and limited public funding. However, the architect and three-times mayor of the city, Jaime Lerner, has introduced some 31 solutions. As part of his ‘Master Plan’, Lerner hoped to make the city more environmentally friendly. He initiated a recycling scheme. In return for delivering recyclable rubbish to specified 32 points, residents receive a bag of vegetables or bus tickets. As a result, Curitiba now has one of the highest recycling rates in the world. Lerner also ordered the 33 of 26 urban parks. As well as preventing pollution, these control flooding. Lerner did not win over all the city’s residents immediately, however. When his plans to 34 part of the centre were passed, local businesses were up in arms, fearing a reduction in profits. Realising he needed to act quickly, Lerner had the 35 of six blocks completed within three days. When a group of motorists attempted to drive through the new pedestrian area, Lerner arranged for local primary schools to hold a painting workshop on the streets. The drivers were forced to turn back. Luckily for Lerner, this rebellion was 36 . The increase in profit rapidly persuaded shop owners to change their minds. Lerner’s determination helped 37 the Curitiba of today. The average income per capita has risen from a level that was below the Brazilian average in the 1970s to 66% above the average, and surveys indicate high levels of resident satisfaction. So, is it all just one big success story? In some respects, Curitiba may have been too successful for its own 38 . People and businesses have come to the city, which now has more than 1.8 million residents. This has put the city under enormous stress. Forty years ago, buses transported 54,000 passengers a day. Now the number is 2.3 million. According to some experts, the transport system has reached its 39 efficiency capacity. Following a rise in complaints about the noisy and 40 buses, the service is in decline. III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context History suggests that societies generally overestimate the short-term implications of new technologies while underestimating longer-term ones. Current experience with artificial intelligence — the technology enabled by machine-learning — suggests we are getting it 41 this time. There’s too much talk about the potential “ 42 risk” to humanity posed by AI, and too little about our experience of it so far and corporate plans for exploiting the technology. Although AI has been hiding in plain sight for a decade, it took most people by surprise. The appearance of ChatGPT last November signaled that the world had discovered a powerful new technology. Not for nothing is this new “generative AI” called “ 43 ”: it provides the base on which the next wave of digital innovation will be built. It is also transformational in innumerable ways: it weakens centuries-old conceptions of intellectual property, 44 , and it has the potential radically to increase productivity, reshape industries, change the nature of some kinds of work and so on. On top of that, though, it also raises troubling questions about the 45 of humans and their capabilities. The continuing dispute between the Hollywood studios and screenwriters’ and actors’ unions perfectly illustrates the 46 of the challenges posed by AI. Both groups are up in arms about the way online streaming has reduced their earnings. But the writers also fear their role will be 47 simply to rewriting AI-generated scripts; and actors are concerned that detailed digital scanning 48 by new movie contracts will allow studios to create persuasive deepfakes of them that studios will be able to own and use “for the rest of eternity (永久), in any project they want, with no permission and no compensation”. So the key question for democracies is: how can we ensure AI is used for human flourishing 49 corporate gain? On this question, the news from 50 is not good. A recent study by two renowned economists, Daron Acemoglu and Simon Johnson, of 1,000 years of technological progress shows that although some benefits have usually trickled (流) down to the 51 , the rewards have — with one exception — invariably gone to those who own and control the technology. The “ 52 ” was a period in which democracies fostered countervailing powers (抵消力量) — civil-society organisations, free media, activists, trade unions and other progressive, technically informed institutions that supplied a steady flow of ideas about how technology could be repurposed for 53 rather than exclusively for private profit. This is the lesson from history that societies confronted by the AI challenge need to relearn. There are some signs that governments may finally have realized the problem. The EU, for example, has an ambitious and far-reaching AI Act that is making its way through the union’s processes. In the US, the Biden administration recently published a “Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights”, which looks impressive but is 54 just a list of aspirations that some of the big tech companies claim to share. It’s a start — provided governments don’t forget that leaving the implementation of powerful new technologies solely to corporations is always a(n) 55 idea. 41． A．the other way round B．all the way back C．one way or the other D．just in the way 42．A．economical B．existential C．economic D．commercial 43．A．distinguished B．prosperous C．pioneering D．foundational 44．A．for example B．by contrast C．in turn D．at most 45．A．prospects B．inspirations C．virtues D．uniqueness 46．A．origin B．extent C．implication D．constitution 47．A．credited B．attributed C．reduced D．exposed 48．A．enabled B．facilitated C．implemented D．possessed 49．A．as well as B．in exchange for C．rather than D．as opposed to 50．A．society B．frontier C．press D．history 51．A．corporations B．masses C．governments D．industries 52．A．exception B．reminder C．outcome D．benefit 53．A．scientific discoveries B．energy conservation C．social good D．job security 54．A．supposedly B．essentially C．necessarily D．commonly 55．A．impressive B．sensible C．outdated D．bad Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) As a boy, when Jonny Kinkead wasn’t making things using the tools in his dad’s garage, he was messing about with a guitar. And the two pre-occupations have been his living for the past four decades: building steel-string guitars by hand. “The guitar still appeals to me,” he says. “Making a sound out of wood—it’s amazing what you can do.” Jonny learned to play his brother’s guitar when he was eleven. Then, when he was sixteen, he wanted to learn the bass guitar. “Some people would have got a holiday job and saved up and bought one,” he says. “But I was of a mindset that if you wanted something, you made it.” Although the bass was the first instrument Jonny built from nothing, he and his brothers had long been doing essentially the same thing with other items. “I made model boats and aeroplanes as a child, so I was familiar with that process. My father had taught me and my brothers how to use tools, and we had free materials in the garage.” Jonny had also been customizing and repairing instruments for his mates. Jonny’s bass guitar turned out well, but the idea of a career building guitars had yet to cross his mind. “My ambition then was to be a sculptor,” he says. His interests evolved further and on finishing school, he chose to study architecture at university. Halfway through the course, however, he dropped out, but left with a clearer idea of what he wanted to do and started to think seriously about guitar making. “I was still interested in painting and sculpture but I realized that when you are building guitars, you’re actually sculpting sound.” In addition, he explains, “I thought this might be more reliable than being an artist as it’s craft-based.” Ever since then, Jonny has made guitars for a living. For the first ten years, he added to his income by cleaning windows part-time. The first guitars he sold only went for the cost of the materials, but as he developed a reputation as one of the best guitar-makers around, he was able to charge a little more. But even now, almost forty years later, Jonny describes what he does as “still scratching a living”. He admits he can never actually turn out more than ten guitars a year, which inevitably restricts his earnings. 56．Why did Jonny choose to make a bass guitar for himself in his teens? A．He regarded it as the natural thing to do. B．He feared that he would not be able to afford one. C．He saw it as good practice for making other guitars. D．He thought he could ensure it was in the style he wanted. 57．In paragraph 3, “that process” refers to _____. A．doing some favours for friends B．cooperating with his brothers C．creating something from nothing D．getting tools and materials ready 58．What does Jonny say about the architecture course he attended? A．It gave him the chance to explore different types of art. B．It helped him become financially independent. C．It provided him with ideas for guitar design. D．It enabled him to decide on a career path. 59．Jonny suggests that the main reason for his low income is _____. A．the high cost of the materials he makes guitars with B．the small number of guitars that he produces C．the limited demand for hand-made guitars D．the competition between guitar-makers (B) A high-end train journey enables you to experience destinations at a unique pace and in total comfort while enjoying first-class service. These are some of the most exciting rail routes to choose from. GoldenPass Express, Switzerland GoldenPass Express takes passengers from Montreux to Interlaken. It’s a three- hour ride with four departures a day. The heated leather seats can recline (后倾) and rotate (旋转) 180 degrees. They’ re also raised 15 inches higher to boost the views over vineyards, green valleys and blue- ice glaciers. A one- way ticket costs £115. La Dolce Vita, Italy La Dolce Vita train service transports passengers to Italy of the 1960s. There are altogether 30 rooms— plus a bar car where passengers can watch appealing field s fly by as a pianist plays. A variety of impressive off- board experiences are available, from touring vineyards at Montalcino to riding horses in Abruzzo. A one- way ticket starts at £2,140. Spacia X, Japan This train provides a stylish way of making the two- hour journey between Tokyo’s Asakusa station and the city of Nikko. Spacia X also includes comfortable sofas and seats. Passengers can appreciate the scenery as they shoot past mountains, waterfalls and temples. Tickets can be bought online or from any station on the Tobu line. A one- way ticket starts from £7.50. The Vietage, Vietnam The Vietage runs between Da Nang and Quy Nhon in supreme comfort. Travelers can take in the beauty of the Vietnamese countryside over a thirty- course lunch with free drinks. The ticket price also includes a head-and-shoulder massage (按摩). A one- way ticket is £330. 60．Which of the following makes La Dolce Vita stand out? A．Comfortable seats. B．Various off-board experiences. C．Online ticket booking. D．A head-and-shoulder massage. 61．Which of the rail routes provides a hearty lunch? A．Spacia X, Japan. B．La Dolce Vita, Italy. C．The Vietage, Vietnam. D．GoldenPass Express, Switzerland. 62．What do the four rail routes have in common? A．The travel time. B．The ticket price. C．The superior service. D．The adjustable seats. (C) In a recent survey by NPR, 26 percent of rural Americans said there has been a time in the past few years when they needed health care, but did not get it. Some of them said it was because financial barriers kept them from seeing a doctor. But almost a majority of them said it was because health care was too far or difficult to get to. To address this problem, the Wyoming Center on Aging at the University of Wyoming created a program called Healthy U. Based on a program originally developed at Stanford University, it supports people with a chronic disease and their caregivers by teaching self-management skills and offering a support group. “In a rural area, if someone can manage their own health better and go to the doctor less often, then that’s a win for everybody,” says Janet Korpela, who works for Healthy U as program development specialist and runs workshops with volunteers for the program. “The volunteers, called ‘leaders’, don’t need a medical background and they just need to be willing to do the 40 hours of free training. Then they will go back into their communities to teach patients living with chronic conditions how to better manage their health,” she says. “Over the course of six weeks, volunteers lead Healthy U participants in weekly meetings. Each meeting focuses on a single topic, like how to make the most of a visit to the doctor. There’s also time set aside in each week for participants to talk about their small weekly goals. That way participants can celebrate their successes sometimes. It’s also an opportunity for them to brainstorm solutions with their peers when they struggle.” Marcia Ory, a professor and public health researcher, published a paper on how chronic disease self-management programs work. “It’s effective because most health happens at home,” she says. “Basically you teach people how to set small goals for healthy living. You teach them how to problem-solve. The program is an especially good fit for rural patients since it can be delivered where people live. And the population is less, but the need is just as great.” 63．What does “this problem” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Doctors tend to be beyond reach. B．Caregivers lack a medical background. C．Villagers have no money to see a doctor. D．Many people suffer from chronic diseases. 64．What can volunteers in Healthy U do? A．Reduce the number of doctor visits. B．Get the chance to share their ideas. C．Explain how to better manage their health. D．Have conversations with friends and family 65．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A．The way of solving problems. B．The effectiveness of the program. C．The process of helping patients. D．The cause of the program’s success. 66．How does the author support the theme of the text? A．By giving examples. B．By stating arguments. C．By explaining statistical data. D．By providing research results. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. A．Batteries that store energy for those times is one pretty obvious solution. B．No one seriously questions the need for wind and solar power to be part of global energy strategy. C．The result is transformational. D．Yet not everyone is convinced current battery technology is up to the job. E．While computing power famously doubles every two years, battery performance has barely doubled in 20. F．Commercialisation may take a decade, though it could happen faster. Could a New Battery Solve Our Energy Problem? Researchers in the US have made headlines worldwide by developing a new type of battery that charges far faster and holds way more charge than today’s lithium cells (锂电池). It’s not just a terrific technology story, either. The team behind it is led by tech legend Prof John Goodenough of the University of Texas, Austin—the co-inventor of the original lithium-ion battery, and still doing brilliant work at the age of 94. 67 That’s why we’re still using 21st-Century gadgetry with one eye on battery, wondering if we can get to a charger before our device goes completely dead. This depressing state of affairs is more than simply inconvenient. If we’re to make the most of renewable energy, we need ways of coping with those times when the wind drops or there’s no sunshine. 68 Elon Musk, the billionaire boss of electric car company Tesla, certainly thinks so. He’s already created a 20 megawatt battery ‘farm’ in California, and is willing to put his money where his batteries are. 69 For example, one wind farm in Hawaii had three fires in its battery ‘farm’ within a year of opening. But now Goodenough and his team may have found the answer, by switching from lithium to sodium (钠). The lithium batteries that made Goodenough’s reputation contain a liquid electrolyte (电解质) which doesn’t respond well to rapid charging. One of Goodenough’s colleagues, Maria Braga, decided that the answer lay in switching to solid electrolytes. The team has now managed to get a solid glass electrolyte to work with sodium, which is similar to lithium but far more common. 70 The battery has triple the charge of its lithium equivalent, it charges in minutes rather than hours, and it has a longer lifespan. Advances in energy storage are vital if renewable are going to reach their potential. The boundless energy of Goodenough—the Li-ion King himself—may just have found the solution just in time. IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. How to Be a Successful Team Leader? Every well-organized team needs to have an outstanding leader with specific skills. Sometimes the leader’s abilities can come to affect the whole team. Although we students are still young, it’s never too early to cultivate leadership skills. A team consists of both leaders and followers. Neither side can exist and work effectively without the other. What is essential to the role of leader is the ability to unite the whole team. A great leader enables their team to achieve a common goal through the giving of clear directions and support. Meanwhile, everyone on a team also desires personal success, so a balance can be hard to strike. If a leader doesn’t have fierce determination, the followers will lose their confidence and things will not be done well. What’s more, a successful and charming leader ought to be able to handle interpersonal relationships well. They should be honest, fair, objective and impartial (公正的) when it comes to both rewards and punishments. These kinds of leaders are trustworthy, and thus, the working atmosphere will only come to be improved. They are role models who can have a strong influence on the whole team. To become a powerful leader at school, students have to take the initiative in connecting with their fellow students. Good communication skills allow people to build good relationships, which is an essential part of being a good leader. If you find it hard to express your ideas clearly to those who you collaborate with, it may be rather difficult for you to be a good leader. It’s a well-known fact that, whatever field you wish to work in, leadership skills are necessary for anyone who desires to have a successful career. So it’s never too early to train yourselves as promising future leaders. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72．买很多不需要的东西有意义吗？ (point) 73．志愿者们蹑手蹑脚地走进养老院以免吵醒熟睡中的老人们。(tiptoe) 74．对一个作家来说，没有比看到自己付出心血的作品放在书架上无人问津更烦心的事了。(There...) 75．这部时长两个多小时的电影，在九月底首发，激起了中国人民心底强烈的爱国之情。（launch） VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 中国进口博览会 (China International Import Expo，简称CIIE或进博会) 吸引了世界各国的企业来到上海。你是明启中学的学生李明，想代表学校在进博会假期中组织一支学生志愿者服务队。请起草一份策划案，内容包括： 1.你为什么要组建服务队？ 2.你的队伍能够提供哪些志愿者服务？ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司22 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $