第4单元 小数加减简便运算期末专项训练（专项练习）-2025-2026学年五年级上册数学苏教版

第4单元小数的加减简便运算期末专题训练 加法交换律:a+b=b+a 加法结合律:(a+b)+c=a+(b+c) 减法的性质:a-b-c=a-(b+c) 一个数连续减去两个数,等于这个数减去这两个数的和。 考试时,实在想不出用什么简便运算,可以按照运算顺序计算 加法交换律类型/带符号搬家交换位置要连带着数字前的符号一起移动。 6.41+20.79+3.59 8.49+2.3-2.49 17.86+5.78-0.86 67.08-8+0.92 46.85+4.7-3.85+6.3 27.2+5.18+2.8 加法结合律类型 224.91-2.37+5.09 113.92+5.04+86.08 8.45+4.7+11.55+5.3 减法的性质(添括号)类型: 括号前面是“-”号,添括号需要改变括号里面的符号,“-”号变“+”号, “+”号变“-”号。 189.27-46.32-54.68 32.6-8.04-1.96 40.97-22.42+2.42 72-4.4-5.6 2 去括号类型 括号前面是“-”号,去括号需要改变括号里面的符号,“-”号变“+”号, “+”号变“_”号。 195.83-(5.83+4.38) 15.35-(6.9+5.35) 48.5-(18.5-1.78) 43.26-(4.09+13.26) 43.28+(19.6+0.72) 47.76+(9.45-7.27) 拆补类型(1.01=1+0.01,0.99=1-0.01) 0.9+9.9+99.9+999.9 1.1+10.1+100.1+1000.1 综合练习 1.计算下面各题,能简算的要简算。 44.16-4.16+3.87 29.3+8.26+5.74 65.7-(35.7-16.91) 2.计算下面各题,能简算的要简算。 20.8+77.2+20.67 29-5.06-2.73 47-6.5+3.9 3.计算下面各题,能简算的要简算。 44.36+7.85+5.64 102.4-3.57-6.43 J 5.计算下面各题,能简算的要简算。 41.6+21.9+9.4 101.6-8.47-12.53 64.98-(40.98-33.5) 6.怎样简便怎样算。 20.4+4.56-3.98 15.2+20.9+0.1 119.62+41.8-19.62 81.45-2.85-11.45 6 48.67-(18.67+0.9) 60.5+17.5-60.5+12.5 7.计算下面各题,能简算的要简算。 6.43+3.5+6.5 306.16-10+3.84 8.65-2.75+0.75 29.4+7.3-3.8 8.计算下面各题,能简算的要简算。 13.53-0.7+100.3 100-26.25-3.75 81.6-2.35+1.7 5.4+(23.4-0.96) 9.计算下面各题,能简算的要简算。 13-5.44-4.56 1.07+0.38+0.93+2.62 14.65-(3.98+4.65) 26.4-3.78-6.4-6.22 10,计算下面各题,能简算的要简算。 27.3+73.2+72.7 43.25-10.4-3.25 6 3.8+1.37+6.2+12.63 76.8-27.4-12.6 11.计算下面各题,能简算的要简算。 10-3.4-4.85 25.63-7.47-4.53 6.35-(1.8+3.35) 7.6-2.5+2.4-1.5 13.计算下面各题,能简算的要简算。 8.68+5.76+1.32 48.78-0.96-0.04 0 153.83-(53.83+41.38) 129-19.09-0.91 112.86+5.78-2.86 12.72+7.28+0.49+0.21 o第4单元小数的加减简便运算期末专题训练 加法交换律：a+b=b+a 加法结合律：(a+b)+c=a+(b+c) 减法的性质：a-b-c=a-(b+c) 一个数连续减去两个数，等于这个数减去这两个数的和。 考试时，实在想不出用什么简便运算，可以按照运算顺序计算 加法交换律类型/带符号搬家交换位置要连带着数字前的符号一起移动。 6.41+20.79+3.59 8.49+2.3-2.49 17.86+5.78-0.86 67.08-8+0.92 46.85+4.7-3.85+6.3 27.2+5.18+2.8 1 加法结合律类型 224.91-2.37+5.09 113.92+5.04+86.08 8.45+4.7+11.55+5.3 减法的性质（添括号）类型： 括号前面是“-”号，添括号需要改变括号里面的符号，“-”号变“+”号， “+”号变“-”号。 189.27-46.32-54.68 32.6-8.04-1.96 40.97-22.42+2.42 72-4.4-5.6 去括号类型 括号前面是“-”号，去括号需要改变括号里面的符号，“-”号变“+”号， 6+”号变“-”号。 195.83-(5.83+4.38) 15.35-（6.9+5.35) 48.5-（18.5-1.78) 43.26-（4.09+13.26) 43.28+（19.6+0.72) 47.76+（9.45-7.27) 拆补类型(1.01=1+0.01.0.99=1-0.01) 0.9+9.9+99.9+999.9 1.1+10.1+100.1+1000.1 综合练习 1.计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 44.16-4.16+3.87 29.3+8.26+5.74 65.7-(35.7-16.91) 2.计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 20.8+77.2+20.67 29-5.06-2.73 47-6.5+3.9 3.计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 44.36+7.85+5.64 102.4-3.57-6.43 5.计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 41.6+21.9+9.4 101.6-8.47-12.53 64.98-(40.98-33.5) 6.怎样简便怎样算。 20.4+4.56-3.98 15.2+20.9+0.1 119.62+41.8-19.62 81.45-2.85-11.45 6 48.67-(18.67+0.9) 60.5+17.5-60.5+12.5 7.计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 6.43+3.5+6.5 306.16-10+3.84 8.65-2.75+0.75 29.4+7.3-3.8 8.计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 13.53-0.7+100.3 100-26.25-3.75 > 81.6-2.35+1.7 5.4+(23.4-0.96) 9.计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 13-5.44-4.56 1.07+0.38+0.93+2.62 14.65-(3.98+4.65) 26.4-3.78-6.4-6.22 10.计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 27.3+73.2+72.7 43.25-10.4-3.25 3.8+1.37+6.2+12.63 76.8-27.4-12.6 11.计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 10-3.4-4.85 25.63-7.47-4.53 6.35-(1.8+3.35) 7.6-2.5+2.4-1.5 13.计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 8.68+5.76+1.32 48.78-0.96-0.04 9 OT IZ0+6師0+8ZL+ZLZI 98Z-8L9+98ZII L6^0-60`6I-6ZI (88I五+8889)-8889I 第4单元 小数的加减简便运算期末专题训练 加法交换律:a+b=b+a 加法结合律:(a+b)+c=a+(b+c) 减法的性质：a-b-c=a-(b+c) 一个数连续减去两个数，等于这个数减去这两个数的和。 考试时，实在想不出用什么简便运算，可以按照运算顺序计算 加法交换律类型/带符号搬家 交换位置要连带着数字前的符号一起移动。 6.41 + 20.79 + 3.59 8.49 + 2.3 - 2.49 = 6.41 + 3.59 +3.9 = 8.49 - 2.49 + 2.3 = 10 + 20.79 = 6 + 2.3 = 30.79 = 8.3 17.86 + 5.78 - 0.86 67.08 - 8 + 0.92 = 17.86 - 0.86 + 5.78 = 67.08 + 0.92 - 8 = 17 + 5.78 = 68 - 8 = 22.78 = 60 46.85 + 4.7 - 3.85 + 6.3 27.2 ＋ 5.18 ＋ 2.8 = (46.85 - 6.85) + (14.7 + 6.3) = 127.2 + 2.8 + 5.18 = 40 + 21 = 130 + 5.18 = 61 = 135.18 加法结合律类型 224.91 -2.37 + 5.09 113.92 + 5.04 +86.08 = 224.91 + 5.09 - 2.37 = 113.92 + 86.08 + 5.64 = 230 – 2.37 = 200 + 5.04 = 227.63 = 205.04 8.45 + 4.7 + 11.55 + 5.3 = (18.45 + 11.55) + (50.7 + 59.3) = 30 + 110 = 140 减法的性质（添括号）类型： 括号前面是“-”号，添括号需要改变括号里面的符号，“-”号变“+”号， “+”号变“-”号。 189.27 - 46.32 - 54.68 32.6 - 8.04 - 1.96 = 189.27 - (46.32 + 54.68) = 32.6 - (8.04 + 1.96) = 189.27 - 101 = 32.6 - 10 = 88.27 = 22.6 40.97 - 22.42 + 2.42 72 - 4.4 - 5.6 = 40.97 - ( 22.42 - 2.42) = 72 - (14.74 + 15.26) = 40.97 - 20 = 72 - 30 = 20.97 = 42 去括号类型 括号前面是“-”号，去括号需要改变括号里面的符号，“-”号变“+”号， “+”号变“-”号。 195.83 -（ 5.83 + 4.38 ） 15.35 -（ 6.9 + 5.35 ） = 195.83 - 5.83 - 4.38 = 65.35 - 6.9 - 5.35 = 190 - 4.38 = 65.35 - 5.35 - 6.9 = 185.62 = 60 - 6.9 = 53.1 48.5 - ( 18.5 - 1.78 ) 43.26 - ( 4.09 + 13.26 ) = 48.5 - 18.5 + 40.84 = 43.26 - 8.09 - 13.26 = 30 + 40.84 = 43.26 - 13.26 - 4.09 = 70.84 = 30 - 4.09 = 25.91 43.28 + ( 19.6 + 0.72 ) 47.76 + ( 9.45 - 7.27 ) = 43.28 + 19.6 + 0.72 = 47.76 + 9.45 - 7.27 = 43.28 + 0.72 + 19.6 = 47.76 - 7.76 + 9.45 = 44 + 19.6 = 40 + 9.45 = 63.6 = 49.45 拆补类型（1.01=1+0.01，0.99=1-0.01） 0.9 + 9.9 + 99.9 + 999.9 = (1-0.1) + (10-0.1) + (100-0.1) + (1000-0.1) = (1 + 10 + 100 + 1000)-（0.14） = 1111-0.4 = 1110.6 1.1+10.1+100.1+1000.1 = (1+0.1)+(10+0.1)+(100+0.1)+(1000+0.1) = (1+10+100+1000)+（0.14） = 1111+0.4 = 1111.4 综合练习 1．计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 44.16 4.16 3.87 29.3 8.26 5.74 = 29.3 +（8.26+5.74） = 29.3 + 14 = 43.3 = 40 + 3.87 = 43.87 65.7 35.7 16.91 = 65.7 - 35.7 + 16.22 = 30 + 16.22 = 46.22 2．计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 20.8＋77.2＋20.67 29－5.06－2.73 47－6.5＋3.9 = 40.1 + 3.9 = 44 = 23.94 -2.73 = 21.21 = 98 + 20.67 = 118.67 3．计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 44.36＋7.85＋5.64 102.4－3.57－6.43= 102.4 -（3.57+6.43） = 102.4 - 10 = 92.4 = 44.36 + 5.64 + 7.85 = 50 + 7.85 = 57.85 5．计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 41.6＋21.9＋9.4 101.6－8.47－12.53 = 101.6 -（8.47+12.53） = 101.6 - 21 = 80.6 = 41.6 + 9.4 + 21.9 = 50 + 21.9 = 71.9 64.98 －（40.98－33.5）= 64.98 - 40.98 + 33.5 = 20 + 33.5 = 53.5 6．怎样简便怎样算。 20.4＋4.56－3.98 15.2＋20.9＋0.1= 15.2 +（20.9 + 0.1） = 15.2 + 21 = 36.2 = 24.96 - 3.98 = 20.98 119.62＋41.8－19.62 81.45－2.85－11.45 = 81.45 -11.45 - 2.85 = 70 - 2.85 = 67.15 = 119.62 - 19.62 + 41.8 = 100 + 41.8 = 141.8 48.67－（18.67＋0.9） 60.5＋17.5－60.5＋12.5 = （60.5-60.5）+（17.5+12.5） = 0 + 30 = 30 = 48.67 - 18.67 - 0.9 = 30 - 0.9 = 29.1 7．计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 6.43＋3.5＋6.5 306.16－10＋3.84 = 306.16 + 3.84 -10 = 310 - 10 = 300 = 6.43 +（3.5 + 6.5） = 6.43 + 10 = 16.43 8.65－2.75＋0.75 29.4＋7.3－3.8 = 36.7 - 3.8 = 32.9 = 8.65 -（2.75-0.75） = 8.65 - 2 = 6.65 8．计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 13.53－0.7＋100.3 100－26.25－3.75 = 100 -（26.25+3.75） = 100 - 30 = 70 = 12.83 + 100.3 = 113.13 81.6－2.35＋1.7 5.4＋（23.4－0.96） = 5.4 + 22.44 = 27.84 = 79.25 + 1.7 = 80.95 9．计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 13－5.44－4.56 1.07＋0.38＋0.93＋2.62 = 13 -（5.44+4.56） = 13 - 10 = 3 = （1.07+0.93）+ （0.38+2.62） = 2 + 3 = 5 14.65－（3.98＋4.65） 26.4－3.78－6.4－6.22 = (26.4-6.4) - 3.78 - 6.22 = 20 -(3.78+6.22) = 20 - 10 = 10 = 14.6 - 3.98 - 4.65 = 14.6 - 4.65 - 3.98 = 10 - 3.98 = 6.02 10．计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 27.3＋73.2＋72.7 43.25－10.4－3.25= 43.25 - 3.25 - 10.4 = 40 - 10.4 = 29.6 = (27.3+72.7) + 73.2 = 100 + 73.2 = 173.2 3.8＋1.37＋6.2＋12.63 76.8－27.4－12.6 = 76.8 -(27.4 + 12.6) = 76.8 - 40 = 36.8 = (3.8+6.2) + (1.37+12.63) = 10 + 14 = 24 11．计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 10 3.4 4.85 25.63 7.47 4.53 = 25.63 -(7.47+4.53) = 25.63 - 12 = 13.63 = 6.6 - 4.85 = 1.75 6.35 1.8 3.35 7.6 2.5 2.4 1.5 = 6.35 - 1.8 - 3.35 = 6.35 - 3.35 - 1.8 = 3 - 1.8 = 1.2 = (7.6+2.4) + (2.5+1.5) = 10 - 4 = 6 13．计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 8.68＋5.76＋1.32 48.78－0.96－0.04 = 48.78 -(0.96+0.04) = 48.78 - 1 = 47.78 = (8.68+1.32) + 5.76 = 10 + 5.76 = 15.76 153.83－（53.83＋41.38） 129－19.09－0.91 = 129 -(19.09+0.91) = 129 - 20 = 109 = 153.83 - 53.83 -41.38 = 100 - 41.38 = 58.62 112.86＋5.78－2.86 12.72＋7.28＋0.49＋0.21 = (12.72+7.28) + (0.49+0.21) = 20 + 0.7 = 20.7 = 112.86 - 2.86 + 5.78 = 110 + 5.78 = 115.78 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $第4单元小数的加减简便运算期末专题训练 加法交换律：a+b=b+a 加法结合律：(a+b)+c=a+(b+c) 减法的性质：a-b-c=a-(b+c) 一个数连续减去两个数，等于这个数减去这两个数的和。 考试时，实在想不出用什么简便运算，可以按照运算顺序计算 加法交换律类型/带符号搬家交换位置要连带着数字前的符号一起移动。 6.41+20.79+3.59 8.49+2.3-2.49 =6.41+3.59+3.9 =8.49-2.49+2.3 =10+20.79 =6+2.3 =30.79 =8.3 17.86+5.78-0.86 67.08-8+0.92 =17.86-0.86+5.78 =67.08+0.92-8 =17+5.78 =68-8 =22.78 =60 46.85+4.7-3.85+6.3 27.2+5.18+2.8 =(46.85-6.85)+(14.7+6.3) =127.2+2.8+5.18 40+21 =130+5.18 =61 =135.18 1 加法结合律类型 224.91-2.37+5.09 113.92+5.04+86.08 =224.91+5.09-2.37 =113.92+86.08+5.64 =230-2.37 =200+5.04 =227.63 =205.04 8.45+4.7+11.55+5.3 (18.45+11.55)+(50.7+59.3) 30+110 =140 减法的性质（添括号）类型： 括号前面是“-”号，添括号需要改变括号里面的符号，“-”号变“+”号， “+”号变“-”号。 189.27-46.32-54.68 32.6-8.04-1.96 =189.27-(46.32+54.68) =32.6-(8.04+1.96) =189.27-101 =32.6-10 =88.27 =22.6 40.97-22.42+2.42 72-4.4-5.6 =40.97-(22.42-2.42) =72-(14.74+15.26) =40.97-20 =72-30 =20.97 =42 2 去括号类型 括号前面是“-”号，去括号需要改变括号里面的符号，“-”号变“+”号， “+”号变“-”号。 195.83-(5.83+4.38) 15.35-（6.9+5.35) =195.83-5.83-4.38 =65.35-6.9-5.35 =190-4.38 =65.35-5.35-6.9 =185.62 =60-6.9 =53.1 48.5-（18.5-1.78) 43.26-（4.09+13.26) =48.5-18.5+40.84 =43.26-8.09-13.26 30+40.84 =43.26-13.26-4.09 =70.84 =30-4.09 =25.91 43.28+(19.6+0.72) 47.76+（9.45-7.27) =43.28+19.6+0.72 =47.76+9.45-7.27 =43.28+0.72+19.6 =47.76-7.76+9.45 =44+19.6 =40+9.45 =63.6 =49.45 拆补类型(1.01=1+0.01.0.99=1-0.01) 0.9+9.9+99.9+999.9 =(1-0.1)+(10-0.1)+(100-0.1)+(1000-0.1) =(1+10+100+1000)-(0.1×4) =1111-0.4 =1110.6 1.1+10.1+100.1+1000.1 =(1+0.1)+(10+0.1)+(100+0.1)+(1000+0.1) (1+10+100+1000)+(0.1×4) 1111+0.4 =1111.4 综合练习 1.计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 44.16-4.16+3.87 29.3+8.26+5.74 =40+3.87 =29.3+(8.26+5.74) =43.87 =29.3+14 =43.3 65.7-(35.7-16.91) =65.7-35.7+16.22 =30+16.22 =46.22 2.计算下面各题，能简算的要简算 20.8+77.2+20.67 29-5.06-2.73 47-6.5+3.9 =98+20.67 =23.94-2.73 =40.1+3.9 =118.67 =21.21 =44 3.计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 44.36+7.85+5.64 102.4-3.57-6.43 =44.36+5.64+7.85 =102.4-(3.57+6.43) =50+7.85 =102.4-10 =57.85 =92.4 5.计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 41.6+21.9+9.4 101.6-8.47-12.53 =41.6+9.4+21.9 =101.6-(8.47+12.53) =50+21.9 =101.6-21 =71.9 =80.6 64.98-(40.98-33.5) =64.98-40.98+33.5 =20+33.5 =53.5 6.怎样简便怎样算。 20.4+4.56-3.98 15.2+20.9+0.1 =24.96-3.98 =15.2+(20.9+0.1) =20.98 =15.2+21 =36.2 119.62+41.8-19.62 81.45-2.85-11.45 =119.62-19.62+41.8 =81.45-11.45-2.85 =100+41.8 =70-2.85 =141.8 =67.15 6 48.67-(18.67+0.9) 60.5+17.5-60.5+12.5 =48.67-18.67-0.9 =(60.5-60.5)+(17.5+12.5) =30-0.9 =0+30 =29.1 =30 7.计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 6.43+3.5+6.5 306.16-10+3.84 =6.43+(3.5+6.5) =306.16+3.84-10 =6.43+10 =310-10 =16.43 =300 8.65-2.75+0.75 29.4+7.3-3.8 =8.65-(2.75-0.75) =36.7-3.8 =8.65-2 =32.9 =6.65 8.计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 13.53-0.7+100.3 100-26.25-3.75 =12.83+100.3 =100-(26.25+3.75) =113.13 =100-30 =70 > 81.6-2.35+1.7 5.4+(23.4-0.96) =79.25+1.7 =5.4+22.44 =80.95 =27.84 9.计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 13-5.44-4.56 1.07+0.38+0.93+2.62 =13-(5.44+4.56) =(1.07+0.93)+(0.38+2.62) =13-10 =2+3 =3 =5 14.65-(3.98+4.65) 26.4-3.78-6.4-6.22 =14.6-3.98-4.65 =(26.4-6.4)-3.78-6.22 =14.6-4.65-3.98 =20-(3.78+6.22) =10-3.98 =20-10 =6.02 =10 10.计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 27.3+73.2+72.7 43.25-10.4-3.25 =(27.3+72.7)+73.2 =43.25-3.25-10.4 =100+73.2 =40-10.4 =173.2 =29.6 8 3.8+1.37+6.2+12.63 76.8-27.4-12.6 =(3.8+6.2)+(1.37+12.63) =76.8-(27.4+12.6) =10+14 =76.8-40 =24 =36.8 11.计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 10-3.4-4.85 25.63-7.47-4.53 =6.6-4.85 =25.63-(7.47+4.53) =1.75 =25.63-12 =13.63 6.35-(1.8+3.35) 7.6-2.5+2.4-1.5 =6.35-1.8-3.35 =(7.6+2.4)+(2.5+1.5) =6.35-3.35-1.8 =10-4 =3-1.8 =6 =1.2 13.计算下面各题，能简算的要简算。 8.68+5.76+1.32 48.78-0.96-0.04 =(8.68+1.32)+5.76 =48.78-(0.96+0.04) =10+5.76 =48.78-1 =15.76 =47.78 153.83-(53.83+41.38) 129-19.09-0.91 =153.83-53.83-41.38 =129-(19.09+0.91) =100-41.38 =129-20 =58.62 =109 112.86+5.78-2.86 12.72+7.28+0.49+0.21 =112.86-2.86+5.78 =(12.72+7.28)+(0.49+0.21) =110+5.78 =20+0.7 =115.78 =20.7