Unit3 比较级2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级上册

本讲义系统梳理形容词、副词比较级及as…as结构的核心知识点，从构成规则（规则变化分一般情况加-er、以e结尾加-r等五类，不规则变化含good/well-better等特殊词形）到修饰词（much、a little等），再到比较级六大用法（如“A比B更…”“越来越…”“越…越…”）及as…as原级比较（含否定形式not as/so…as），构建从构词规则到句型应用的完整学习支架。 资料以语言能力培养为导向，通过“Tom is taller than Jim”等贴近学生生活的例句，帮助直观理解语法规则，提升语言表达准确性；注重思维品质发展，对比规则与不规则变化差异、比较级句型与as…as结构逻辑，引导学生辨析语法逻辑；设计单项选择、适当形式填空、句型转换等多样化练习，覆盖不同应用场景。课中可作为分层教学素材，助力教师系统讲解；课后练习全面，便于学生自主检测，查漏补缺，强化语法应用能力。

Unit 3形容词和副词的比较级、as…as的用法 比较级用于两个人或事物之间的比较，表示“更...”。 一、 构成规则： （一）规则变化 1. 一般情况：比较级加 -er 原级：tall（高的）、short（矮的）、fast（快的）、high（高的） 比较级：taller（更高的）、shorter（更矮的）、faster（更快的）、higher（更高的） 例句：Tom is taller than Jim.（汤姆比吉姆高 ）； 2. 以字母 e 结尾：比较级加 -r 原级：large（大的）、late（晚的） 比较级：larger（更大的）、later（更晚的） 例句：This room is larger than that one.（这个房间比那个大 ）； 3. 重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母：先双写该辅音字母，再加 -er （比较级） 原级：big（大的）、fat（胖的）、thin（瘦的） 比较级：bigger（更大的）、fatter（更胖的）、thinner（更瘦的） 例句：The pig is fatter than the dog.（这头猪比这只狗胖 ）； 4. 以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的双音节词：先把 y 改为 i ，再加 -er （比较级） 原级：easy（容易的）、heavy（重的）、early（早的） 比较级：easier（更容易的）、heavier（更重的）、earlier（更早的） 例句：Math is easier than physics for me.（对我来说数学比物理容易 ） 5. 多音节词和部分双音节词：more＋原级 原级：beautiful（美丽的）、interesting（有趣的）、popular（受欢迎的） 比较级：more beautiful（更美丽的）、more interesting（更有趣的）、more popular（更受欢迎的） 例句：This flower is more beautiful than that one.（这朵花比那朵更美丽 ） （二）不规则变化 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 good / well – better bad / badly – worse many / much – more little – less far – farther（距离）/ further（程度） old-older/elder（年长的）elder sister 例句：My mother is better at cooking than my father.（我妈妈比我爸爸更擅长做饭 ）； · There are more students in Class 1 than in Class 2.（一班比二班有更多学生 ）； · We have less time than we thought.（我们的时间比预想的少 ）； · He jumps farther than his brother.（他比他兄弟跳得远）用于距离 · We need to further discuss this problem. (我们需要进一步讨论这个问题)用于程度 （三）比较级的修饰词 比较级前可以用 much, a lot, far, a little, a bit, still, even等词来修饰，表示程度。(三多两少仍甚至) This movie is much more interesting than that one.这部电影比那一部更有趣多了。 He is a little taller than me.他比我更高一点。 二、形容词和副词的比较级的用法 (1) “A比B更…” A+be/实义动词+比较级+than+B »He is more popular than Jim in the school. 在学校里他比吉姆更受欢迎。 »I run better than Bill. 我比比尔跑得更快。 （2） “越来越…...” ①主语+ become / get / grow + 形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较级 ... It’s getting worse and worse. 正变得越来越糟糕。 ②主语+ become / get / grow + more and more＋形容词原级 。 The group became more and more popular. （3）“越……就越…...” The+比较级......，the+比较级...... » The more you eat, the fatter you are.你吃得越多，就越胖。 (4)表示两个事物间的对比选择：Which/Who+动词+比较级，A or B? » -Who is better at English, Bob or Mike ? -Bob. 鲍勃和迈克谁更擅长英语? （5）“A是两者中比较……的” A+系动词+the+比较级+of the two(十复数名词) »Ann is the more outgoing of the two. 安是这两人中比较外向的。 »Eric is the taller of the two boys. (6)比较级可表达最高级含义 » Tom is taller than any other student in our class. 汤姆是我们班最高的学生。 » I have never heard a better voice.我从没听过这么好听的嗓音。 三、as...as... 结构 as...as... 结构用于表示同级比较，意为“和...一样”。 1. as...as... 中间只能接形容词或副词的原级，不能用比较级或最高级。 例句：He works as hard as his colleagues.（他和同事工作一样努力。） Lucy is as tall as Lily.（露西和莉莉一样高） 2. 否定形式：not as...as.../ not so...as..., 表示“不如”。 例句：This book is not as interesting as that one.（这本书不如那本有趣。） She doesn’t dance as well as her teacher.（她跳舞不如老师好。） 四、使用形容词比较级时需注意以下几点： 1) than后面接代词时,一般要用主格形式，但在口语中也可使用宾格形式。 如：My brother is taller than I (am) /me. 2) 进行比较的人和物必须是同一类。 My books are more than yours. I have more books than you. 五、巩固练习 I. 单项选择 1. This question is ________ than the first one. A. difficult B. more difficult C. most difficult D. the most difficult 3. Who is ________, your father or your mother? A. old B. older C. oldest D. the oldest 4. The story is ________ than I expected. A. fun B. funny C. funnier D. more funnier 5. — How are you feeling today? — Much ________. A. good B. well C. better D. best 6. My sister is ________ me. A. as taller as B. as tall as C. so tall as D. as tall than 7. This computer is not ________ that one. A. as expensive as B. as expensive than C. so expensive than D. expensive as 8. The ________ you work, the ________ progress you will make. A. hard; great B. harder; greater C. hardest; greatest D. harder; great 9. He doesn't play tennis ________ he did last year. A. as good as B. so well than C. as well as D. as better as 10. Which is ________, a tiger or a lion? A. strong B. stronger C. strongest D. the strongest 11. We have ________ rainfall this year than last year. A. little B. less C. least D. the least 12. She is becoming ________. A. beautiful and beautiful B. more and more beautiful C. the more beautiful D. most beautiful 14. This box is ________ that one. I can‘t carry it. A. heavier than B. not as heavy as C. as heavy as D. heavy than 15. You should drive ________. The road is icy. A. more careful B. more carefully C. careful D. most carefully 16. — How is your new job? — It’s ________ better than my old one. A. very B. too C. much D. most 17. His new book is ________ his last one. I don’t like it. A. as good as B. not as good as C. so good as D. better than 18. ________ you are, ________ you will make. A. The more careful; the fewer mistakes B. More careful; fewer mistakes C. The more carefully; the less mistakes D. More carefully; less mistakes 19. I have ________ books than you, but you have ________ money than me. A. more; more B. fewer; more C. less; fewer D. more; less II. 用所给词的适当形式填空 21. This bag is too heavy. Could you give me a ________ (light) one? 22. Your answer is ________ (good) than mine. 23. It is ________ (hot) today than it was yesterday. 25. She speaks English ________ (well) than I do. 27. This film is ________ (interesting) than that one. 28. He is not as ________ (hard-working) as his brother. 29. The ________ (much) you read, the ________ (fast) you will read. 30. My ________ (old) sister is two years ________ (old) than me. 31. Which is ________ (heavy), an elephant or a tiger? 32. I think math is ________ (important) than history. 34. Things are getting ________ and ________ (bad). III. 句型转换（保持句意基本不变） 36. Tom is 16 years old. I am 15 years old. (合并为一句) → Tom is ______ ______ ______ ________ me. 37. This book is interesting. That book is not interesting.→ This book is ______ ______ _______ that one. 38. My room is 10 square meters. His room is 10 square meters. (合并为一句) → My room is ________ ________ ________ his room. 40. She doesn‘t run fast. I don’t run fast, either. (合并为一句) → She runs ________ ________ ________ I. 44. This problem is less difficult than that one. (同义句)This problem is ____ ____ ______ _____ that one. 45. My computer was very expensive. His computer was very expensive, too. (合并为一句) → My computer was ________ ________ ________ his. $